JP2015209992A - Waste incineration treatment equipment and waste incineration treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide waste incineration treatment equipment in which waste is stably combusted within a combustion chamber even if there is variation in moisture content of the waste, and to provide a waste incineration treatment method.SOLUTION: A waste incinerator 20 comprises: a combustion chamber 21 for combusting waste on a fire grate 24; primary air blowing means 26 for blowing combustion primary air P from below the fire grate 24 into the combustion chamber 21; and high temperature gas blowing means 28 for blowing high temperature gas from a ceiling part of the combustion chamber toward an optional area between a combustion starting area A2 to a main combustion area A3 in the combustion chamber in a direction of moving of the waste on the fire grate. An intermediate mooring part 60 receiving a part of the waste from a waste pit and temporarily mooring it is provided in a position between the waste pit 10 and the waste incinerator 20. An exhaust gas line 80 is connected to the intermediate mooring part 60 in at least one position of the exhaust gas flowing-in position and the exhaust gas flowing-out position at a harmless treatment device 30 and the exhaust gas is released out of the exhaust gas discharging device 40 after heat exchanging with the waste within the intermediate mooring part.

Description

  The present invention relates to a grate-type waste incineration processing apparatus and a waste incineration processing method for incinerating waste such as municipal waste.

  Grate-type waste incinerators are widely used as incinerators for incinerating waste such as municipal waste. The outline of the configuration of the representative one will be described below.

  The grate-type waste incinerator has a three-stage grate (dry grate, combustion grate, and post-combustion grate) that is arranged in the direction of waste movement at the bottom of the combustion chamber that burns the waste. The secondary combustion chamber is connected to the outlet of the combustion chamber located above the post-combustion grate. The combustion chamber is provided with a waste inlet located above the dry grate. An ash drop port is provided at the downstream side of the post-combustion grate waste in the moving direction. Usually, the secondary combustion chamber is also a part of a waste heat boiler for waste heat recovery, and is in the vicinity of the inlet. Further, a combustion primary air blowing mechanism for blowing combustion primary air from below the respective grate of the dry grate, the combustion grate, and the post-combustion grate is provided.

  In such a grate-type waste incinerator, the waste thrown into the combustion chamber from the waste inlet is deposited on the dry grate, the primary air for combustion from under the dry grate and the inside of the furnace While being dried by radiant heat, it is heated to ignite. That is, immediately above the dry grate, a dry region is formed in the upstream space in the waste movement direction, and combustion occurs from the downstream space directly above the dry grate to the upstream space directly above the combustion grate. A starting region is formed. The waste that ignites in the combustion start area and starts combustion is sent from the dry grate onto the combustion grate, and the waste is pyrolyzed to generate combustible gas, and the combustion sent from the bottom of the combustion grate The primary air for combustion burns combustible gas and solid content, and a main combustion region is formed in the space immediately above the combustion grate. Further, unburned components such as fixed carbon are completely burned on the post-combustion grate, and a post-combustion region is formed in a space immediately above the post-combustion grate. Thereafter, the ash remaining after combustion is discharged to the outside from the ash drop opening.

  Thus, in the grate-type waste incinerator, the waste is burned by the primary combustion air blown from below the three-stage grate in the combustion chamber. Further, the unburned portion of the combustible gas contained in the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber receives and burns secondary combustion air in the secondary combustion chamber.

  In a conventional grate-type waste incinerator, the ratio (air ratio) obtained by dividing the amount of air actually supplied into the incinerator by the theoretical amount of air necessary for combustion of the waste is usually about 1.6. . This is larger than 1.05 to 1.2 which is an air ratio necessary for combustion of general fuel. The reason for this is that waste has a higher incombustibility than liquid fuel or gaseous fuel as a general fuel and is inhomogeneous, so the efficiency of air utilization is low, and a large amount of air is required for combustion. Because it becomes. However, if the supply air is simply increased, the amount of exhaust gas increases as the air ratio increases, and accordingly, a larger exhaust gas treatment facility is required.

  If waste can be burned without any problems in a waste incinerator with a reduced air ratio, the amount of exhaust gas will be reduced, and the exhaust gas treatment facility will become compact. As a result, the entire waste incineration facility will be downsized. Equipment costs can be reduced. In addition, since the amount of chemicals used for exhaust gas treatment is reduced, the operating cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the heat recovery rate of the waste heat boiler can be improved by reducing the amount of exhaust gas, the amount of heat that can not be recovered and discarded to the atmosphere is reduced, and the efficiency of power generation using waste incineration waste heat is reduced accordingly. Can be raised.

  Thus, the advantage of performing the low air ratio combustion is great, but on the other hand, the low air ratio combustion with the air ratio of 1.5 or less causes a problem that the combustion becomes unstable. In other words, when waste is burned at a low air ratio, combustion becomes unstable, CO generation increases, flame temperature rises locally, NOx increases rapidly, and soot is generated in large quantities. As a result, there is a problem that harmful substances in the exhaust gas increase, and waste and ash melt and adhere to the furnace wall due to local high temperatures, and clinker is generated, and the refractory life of the furnace wall is shortened. There is a problem of becoming.

  Under such circumstances, a waste incinerator capable of stably combusting at a low air ratio of 1.5 or less has been studied and disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this patent document 1, it is said that the following effects can be obtained by blowing high temperature gas into the combustion chamber from the ceiling of the combustion chamber of the waste incinerator.

  That is, promoting the thermal decomposition of waste by sensible heat and radiation of high temperature gas, promoting the combustion of combustible gas generated by thermal decomposition of waste by blowing high temperature gas containing oxygen, Gas is blown into the combustion chamber from a nozzle provided on the ceiling of the combustion chamber (paragraph 0040), and the flow of the high-temperature gas collides with the upward flow of the combustible gas and the combustion gas generated from the waste. By forming a stagnation region where the flow is slow immediately above, the flow of combustible gas becomes gentle, and there is an effect that stable combustion is performed because the combustible gas is sufficiently mixed with the oxidant component, By blowing high temperature gas into the combustion chamber, it is said that the combustion of waste can be performed stably under low air ratio combustion operation.

JP 2013-181732 A

  In the combustion of waste in a waste incinerator, stable combustion of combustible gas generated by thermal decomposition of the waste suppresses the generation of harmful substances such as CO and NOx generated by the combustion. To make a big contribution. Therefore, in the waste incinerator described in Patent Document 1, high temperature gas is blown into the combustion chamber from a nozzle provided on the ceiling of the combustion chamber to stabilize combustion.

  According to such a waste incinerator of Patent Document 1, the high-temperature gas blown from the ceiling of the incinerator is increased in pyrolysis gas (combustible gas) and combustion gas generated by pyrolysis or combustion of waste. The counter flow field is effectively formed by colliding with the flow, and a uniform stagnation region or circulation region in the furnace width direction is generated over a wide area. As a result, a flame is fixed in the stagnation region or the circulation region, and an extremely stable combustion state is maintained.

  However, if there is a large variation in the moisture content of the waste that is sequentially introduced into the furnace, the amount of heat generated from the waste will vary greatly, and the generation behavior of the pyrolysis gas will become non-uniform over time. There is a concern that the balance between the upward flow of the gas and the combustion gas and the high-temperature gas blown from the ceiling of the incinerator is lost, the formation of an effective counter flow field is hindered, and the combustion stability is impaired.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention is a waste in which combustion in the waste incinerator is stable even if the moisture content of the waste sequentially supplied from the waste pit to the waste incinerator varies. It is an object to provide an incineration processing apparatus and an incineration processing method.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problems are solved by the following first invention with respect to the waste incineration processing apparatus and the second invention with respect to the waste incineration processing method.

<Waste incineration equipment>
(1) 1st invention The waste pit which receives and stores the collected waste, the grate-type waste incinerator which incinerates the waste from the waste pit, and the exhaust gas from the waste incinerator A waste incineration treatment device having a detoxification treatment device for detoxifying and an exhaust gas emission device for releasing the detoxified exhaust gas to the atmosphere, and connected from the waste incinerator to the exhaust gas emission device by an exhaust gas line In
The waste incinerator is a combustion chamber for burning waste on a grate, primary air blowing means for blowing combustion primary air from below the grate into the combustion chamber, and the movement direction of the waste on the grate A high-temperature gas blowing means for blowing a high-temperature gas downward from the ceiling of the combustion chamber toward an arbitrary region between the combustion start region and the main combustion region in the combustion chamber in the furnace length direction;
An intermediate mooring section is provided at a position between the waste pit and the waste incinerator for temporarily mooring a part of the waste from the waste pit,
An exhaust gas line is connected to the intermediate mooring portion at at least one of an exhaust gas inflow portion position and an exhaust gas outflow portion position in the detoxification treatment apparatus, and the exhaust gas is discharged after exchanging heat with the waste in the intermediate mooring portion. A waste incineration apparatus characterized by being discharged from the apparatus.

  In the first invention having such a configuration, the intermediate mooring part is formed as a mooring tank for temporarily mooring the crushed waste after the waste from the waste pit is crushed, and the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line is moored. After direct contact or indirect contact with the crushed waste in the tank, it can be guided to the exhaust gas discharge device.

  Further, in the first invention, the intermediate mooring portion is formed as an intermediate pit partitioned by dividing the space in the waste pit, and the exhaust gas discharge device after the exhaust gas of the exhaust gas line exchanges heat with the waste in the intermediate pit Can be led to. In that case, the intermediate pit can be heat exchanged by the exhaust gas of the exhaust gas line being in direct contact or indirect contact with the waste in the intermediate pit.

<Waste incineration treatment method>
(2) Second invention A waste pit for receiving and storing collected waste, a grate-type waste incinerator for incinerating waste from the waste pit, and exhaust gas from the waste incinerator A waste incineration treatment device having a detoxification treatment device for detoxifying and an exhaust gas emission device for releasing the detoxified exhaust gas to the atmosphere, and connected from the waste incinerator to the exhaust gas emission device by an exhaust gas line In the waste incineration treatment method in
Blow primary air for combustion into the combustion chamber from below the grate,
High-temperature gas is blown downward from the ceiling of the combustion chamber toward an arbitrary region between the combustion start region and the main combustion region in the combustion chamber in the furnace length direction, which is the moving direction of waste on the grate,
A part of the waste from the waste pit is moored to an intermediate mooring section located between the waste pit and the waste incinerator,
Waste incineration characterized in that the exhaust gas from at least one of the exhaust gas inflow portion position and the exhaust gas outflow portion position in the detoxification treatment device is discharged from the exhaust gas discharge device after heat exchange with the waste in the intermediate mooring portion. Processing method.

  According to the first invention and the second invention configured as described above, a part of the large amount of waste collected and stored in the waste pit is sequentially transferred to the intermediate mooring section, where the waste is Heat is exchanged with the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas line of the incinerator or a part thereof, and the moisture content becomes a low value and the moisture content is not varied and stabilized. Since the moisture content is low and stable, when it is supplied to a waste incinerator, it burns uniformly in the combustion chamber at any position in the furnace width direction due to high temperature gas as well as time in the combustion chamber. The combustion state is stabilized.

  In the present invention, as described above, high temperature gas is blown from the ceiling of the combustion chamber of the waste incinerator, and the waste is heated by the exhaust gas at the intermediate mooring section before being supplied to the waste incinerator. As a result, the following effects are obtained.

  First, hot gas is blown downward from the blow-off port provided in the ceiling of the combustion chamber of the waste incinerator, and the downward flow of the hot gas and the upward movement of combustible gas and combustion gas generated from the waste layer And a stagnation region where the gas flow circulates just above the waste layer or a circulation region where it circulates in the vertical direction can be formed over a wide range in the width direction and length direction of the combustion chamber, A planar combustion zone can be established, and waste and generation occur even in low air ratio combustion where the air ratio is 1.5 or less, regardless of the size of the incinerator, that is, the width and height of the combustion chamber Combustible gas can be burned stably. And since combustion is stabilized, the generation amount of harmful substances such as CO and NOx in the exhaust gas discharged from the waste incinerator can be suppressed. Furthermore, the thermal decomposition of waste can be promoted by radiation of a standing flat flame, etc., so the amount of waste supplied to the grate (grate load) and the amount of waste heat supplied to the combustion chamber (furnace) Load) can be increased. For this reason, the volume of the combustion chamber can be reduced relative to the amount of waste incineration, the furnace height of the incinerator can be reduced, and the waste incineration equipment can be made compact to reduce equipment costs and operating costs. Can do.

  Secondly, even if the moisture content of the waste sequentially stored in the waste pit varies, the waste is heated by the exhaust gas from the waste incinerator before being put into the waste incinerator. Further, the uniform combustion state in the furnace width direction can be reliably obtained stably by the high temperature blown from the ceiling in the fuel chamber of the waste incinerator. Moreover, it burns well because of its low moisture content. In addition, the amount of heat stored in the exhaust gas can be used effectively.

It is a schematic block diagram of the waste incineration processing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the waste incinerator in the apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the width direction for demonstrating the combustion state in the incinerator of the waste incinerator of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the waste disposal apparatus as other embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows a waste pit and an intermediate | middle pit about other embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, and can be implemented in various forms without changing the gist of the invention. Further, the technical scope of the present invention extends to an equivalent range.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a waste incineration processing apparatus as a first embodiment of the present invention, a waste pit 10 for storing waste collected from households and industries, and waste for incineration of waste. It mainly includes a waste incinerator 20, a detoxification treatment device 30 for detoxifying the exhaust gas discharged from the waste incinerator, and an exhaust gas emission device 40 for releasing the detoxified exhaust gas to the atmosphere. The waste incineration apparatus further includes a crushing device 50 for crushing the waste from the waste pit 10 before bringing it to the waste incinerator 20, receiving the crushing waste, and temporarily mooring it to exchange heat with the exhaust gas. It also has an intermediate mooring section 60 that is heated at, and then fed to the waste incinerator 20. Further, the exhaust gas outlet portion of the detoxification treatment device 30 is connected to a chimney 41 as the exhaust gas discharge device 40 by an exhaust gas line (pipe line) 80, and the above-described intermediate mooring portion 60 is located in the middle of the exhaust gas line 80. Is arranged. Hereinafter, each device will be described sequentially.

  A crushing device 50 is disposed between the waste pit 10 storing the collected waste and the mooring tank 60 formed as an intermediate mooring portion that sequentially receives a part of the waste from the waste pit 10. The waste from the waste pit 10 is crushed by the crushing device 50 and then sent to the mooring tank 60. In this crushing device 50, when individual wastes themselves are large, they are roughly crushed. When individual wastes are small but they are put in a bag body, the bag body is ruptured and the interior of the bag body is broken. The waste will come out in a dispersed manner.

  The mooring tank 60 that receives the crushed waste has a screw conveyor 62 at the bottom of the tank body 61, and is connected to a waste inlet 22 of the waste incinerator 20 described later by a delivery device 63 at the bottom. At the same time, an exhaust gas line 80 is connected. In addition, the mooring tank 60 is connected to a chimney 41 forming an exhaust gas discharge device 40 described later via an induction fan 42 at the upper part thereof. Thus, in the mooring tank 60, the waste is directly contacted with the exhaust gas fed into the mooring tank 60 from the exhaust gas line 80 and exchanges heat, so that it is heated by the retained heat of the exhaust gas and the moisture content is reduced or dried. In this state, the screw conveyor 62 passes the feeding device 63 to the waste inlet 22 of the waste incinerator 20. The exhaust gas from the exhaust gas line 80 heats the waste in the mooring tank 60 and cools itself, and is guided to the chimney 41 by the induction fan 42 and released to the atmosphere. The heat exchange between waste and exhaust gas in the mooring tank 60 is direct contact in the illustrated example, but may be indirect contact.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the waste incinerator 20 is disposed of a combustion chamber 21 and an upstream side (left side in FIG. 1) above the combustion chamber 21 in the waste flow direction. A waste input port 22 for introducing a product into the combustion chamber 21, and a waste heat boiler 23 connected to the combustion chamber 21 on the downstream side in the waste flow direction (the right side in FIG. 1). Is a grate-type incinerator. In the present embodiment, the upstream side of the combustion chamber in the movement direction of the waste in the combustion chamber is referred to as a front portion, and the downstream side is referred to as a rear portion.

  At the bottom of the combustion chamber 21, there is provided a grate (stoker) 24 that burns waste while moving the waste from upstream to downstream. The grate 24 is provided in the order of the dry grate 24a, the combustion grate 24b, and the post-combustion grate 24c from the side closer to the waste inlet 22, that is, from the upstream side.

  Wastes are mainly dried and ignited on the dry grate 24a. On the combustion grate 24b, thermal decomposition and partial oxidation of waste are mainly performed, and combustible gas and solid content generated by the thermal decomposition are combusted. On the post-combustion grate 24c, the remaining unburned matter in the waste is completely burned. The combustion ash after complete combustion is discharged from an ash drop opening 25 provided at the lower end of the downstream end of the combustion chamber 21.

  In the incinerator 20 of the present embodiment, a waste layer is formed on the dry grate 24a and the combustion grate 24b, and the combustion causes a space in the combustion chamber 21 to be directly above the waste layer. In addition, the following regions are formed.

  A drying region A1 is formed above (space) the upstream range (front part) of the drying grate 24a, which is positioned immediately above the drying grate 24a and below the waste input port 22.

  A combustion start area A2 is formed from the downstream range (rear part) of the dry grate 24a to the upper side (space) of the upstream range (front part) of the combustion grate 24b. That is, the waste in the dry grate 24a is dried in the upstream range, ignited in the downstream range, and combustion starts in the range up to the upstream range (front) of the combustion grate 24b.

  The waste on the combustion grate 24b is thermally decomposed and partially oxidized here to generate a combustible gas, and the combustible gas and the solid content of the waste are combusted. The waste is substantially burned on the combustion grate 24b. Thus, the main combustion region A3 is formed above (space) the combustion grate 24b.

  Thereafter, the unburned matter such as fixed carbon in the remaining waste is completely burned on the post-burning grate 24c. A post-combustion region A4 is formed above (space) the post-combustion grate 24c.

  When the waste is incinerated, first, even if the moisture content is reduced by being heated in the mooring tank 60, moisture remaining in the waste still evaporates, and then thermal decomposition and partial oxidation reaction occur, Combustible gas begins to form. Here, the combustion start area A2 is an area where combustion of waste starts and combustible gas begins to be generated by thermal decomposition and partial oxidation of the waste. The main combustion region A3 is a combustion in which waste is thermally decomposed and partially oxidized to generate a combustible gas, and the combustible gas is combusted with a flame and the solid content of the waste is combusted. This is an area up to the point where combustion with flame is completed (burn-out point). In the region after the burn-out point, a char combustion region (post-combustion region A4) in which solid unburned matter (char) in the waste is combusted is obtained.

  Wind boxes 26a, 26b, 26c, and 26d are provided below the dry grate 24a, the combustion grate 24b, and the post-combustion grate 24c in the combustion chamber 21, respectively. The combustion primary air P supplied by the blower 26e passes through the grate 24a, 24b, 24c from the primary air supply pipe 26f provided with the damper 26g, through the wind boxes 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d. It is supplied into the combustion chamber 21. The primary combustion air P supplied from below the grate 24 is used for drying and burning the waste on the grate 24a, 24b, 24c, as well as cooling and discarding the grate 24a, 24b, 24c. It has an agitation action.

  A waste heat boiler 23 is connected to the outlet at the upper part on the downstream side of the combustion chamber 21, and the vicinity of the inlet of the waste heat boiler 23 is an unburned portion (unburned) of the combustible gas in the gas discharged from the combustion chamber 21. This is a secondary combustion region B1 in which gas is combusted. The secondary combustion gas is blown into the secondary combustion region B1 which is a part of the waste heat boiler 23, and the unburned gas is secondarily burned. After this secondary combustion, the combustion exhaust gas is recovered by the waste heat boiler 23 as heat. . After the heat recovery, the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the waste heat boiler 23 is detoxified by a detoxification treatment device 30 to be described later, and discharged from the chimney 41 of the exhaust gas discharge device 40 to the atmosphere (see FIG. 1).

  In the grate-type incinerator 20 having the combustion chamber 21 having such a basic configuration, in this embodiment, primary air blowing means that blows primary combustion air into the combustion chamber 21 from below the grate 24; High temperature gas blowing means for blowing high temperature gas downward from the ceiling 21A of the combustion chamber 21 toward an arbitrary region between the combustion start region A2 and the main combustion region A3 in the combustion chamber 21 in the furnace length direction; The secondary combustion gas blowing means for blowing the combustion gas into the secondary combustion region B1 is provided as described later. The hot gas blowing means includes a plurality of hot gas blowing ports 28 and blows the hot gas downward facing the upward flow of the combustible gas and the combustion gas generated from the waste, so that the hot gas stagnates immediately above the waste layer. A region or a circulation region is formed to make the planar combustion region stand.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2, the primary air supply system 26 that supplies the combustion primary air P that is the combustion air passes the primary air P for combustion from the air supply source through the primary air supply pipe 26f and the drying grate 24a. The combustion grate 24b and the post-combustion grate 24c are fed from the branch supply pipes to the respective wind boxes 26a, 26b, 26c, and 26d. The primary air supply pipe 26f includes a blower 26e and a flow rate adjusting mechanism. A damper 26g is provided.

  Next, the high-temperature gas blowing means 27 includes a high-temperature gas supply source 27A provided outside the combustion chamber 21, a high-temperature gas blowing port 28 for blowing the high-temperature gas Q into the combustion chamber 21, and the high-temperature gas Q supplied to the high-temperature gas. It has a conduit 27B that leads from the source 27A to the hot gas inlet 28, and a damper 27C as a flow rate adjusting mechanism.

  The hot gas inlet 28 is provided at an arbitrary position on the ceiling of the combustion chamber 21 directly above the grate within the range from the downstream side (rear part) of the dry grate 24a in the waste movement direction to the combustion grate 24b. . In the example of FIG. 1, there are three rows in the moving direction of the waste, that is, in the length direction of the incinerator 20, directly above the grate downstream of the dry grate 24 a and just above the grate of the combustion grate 24 b. High temperature gas inlets 28a, 28b, 28c are provided.

  Each row of the high temperature gas inlets 28a, 28b, 28c has a plurality of locations in the width direction of the incinerator (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIGS. 1 and 2) as seen in FIG. Is provided. Therefore, the hot gas inlet 28 is arranged at a plurality of positions in the length direction (see FIG. 1) and the width direction (see FIG. 3) of the incinerator. Further, the direction of the high temperature gas inlet 28 is determined so that the high temperature gas Q is blown downward. Thus, the hot gas Q is blown from the combustion start region A2 toward the main combustion region A3, which is formed immediately downstream of the dry grate 24a and the combustion grate 24b.

  Further, the secondary combustion gas blowing means includes a secondary combustion gas (secondary air) supply system 29 for blowing the secondary combustion gas into the secondary combustion region B1 corresponding to the vicinity of the inlet of the waste heat boiler 23. ing. The secondary combustion gas supply system 29 is a secondary combustion gas R provided in the secondary combustion region B1 via the pipe 29a through the secondary combustion gas R from a secondary combustion gas supply source (not shown). The pipe 29a is provided with a blower 29c and a damper 29d as a flow rate adjusting mechanism. The secondary combustion gas blowing port 29b is provided on the peripheral wall of the waste heat boiler 23 so as to blow the secondary combustion gas R into the secondary combustion region B1 in the vicinity of the inlet of the waste heat boiler 23.

  In the present invention, the configuration of the pipeline for supplying the primary air for combustion, the high-temperature gas, and the secondary combustion gas is not limited to those shown in the drawings, and may be appropriately selected depending on the scale, shape, application, etc. of the incinerator. Can be selected.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the waste incinerator 20 as described above has an outlet of the waste heat boiler 23 connected to the economizer 70. The economizer 70 itself is known.

  The economizer 70 is connected with a detoxification treatment device. In this embodiment, the detoxification device is a neutralization device (not shown) for neutralizing acid gas in exhaust gas by blowing slaked lime or the like. It has the dust removal apparatus 30 connected to this. The dust removing device 30 is also known per se, and there are various types such as a bag filter, but in this embodiment, any type may be used.

  The exhaust gas outlet portion of the dust removing device 30 is connected to a chimney 41 as the exhaust gas discharge device 40 by an exhaust gas line (pipe) 80, and the above-described mooring tank 60 is disposed in the middle of the exhaust gas line 80. . Thus, the detoxified exhaust gas removed by the dust removing device 30 flows into the mooring tank 60 and penetrates the waste in the tank, thereby reducing the moisture content of the waste by the retained heat of the exhaust gas, and then the chimney 41. To. In the exhaust gas line 80, a branch pipe 80A is provided in the vicinity of the exhaust gas discharge part of the dust removing device 30, and the branch pipe 80A is connected to a high temperature gas supply source 27A that supplies a high temperature gas to the waste incinerator 20. . As a result, a part of the exhaust gas of the exhaust gas line 80 passes through the branch pipe 80A, passes through the high temperature gas supply source 27A, and is injected into the combustion chamber 21 of the waste incinerator 20 from the high temperature gas inlet 28 as a part of the high temperature gas. It is. Therefore, the high-temperature gas supply source 27A not only supplies the separately generated high-temperature gas from the high-temperature gas supply source 27A to the waste incinerator 20 by the blower 27D, but also selectively supplies the exhaust gas from the waste incinerator 20. Can also be supplied to the waste incinerator 20 as a hot gas.

  Next, prior to the description of the operation of the apparatus of the present embodiment, the effects obtained by the structure of the waste incinerator of the present invention will be summarized and described regarding the stabilization of combustion by blowing high-temperature gas.

  2 and 3 show the combustion state in the waste incinerator according to the present embodiment. With reference to this, the combustion state in the waste incinerator is related to the combustion stabilization by blowing high-temperature gas. explain.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the waste incinerator 20 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of hot gas inlets 28 in the ceiling 21A of the combustion chamber 21 in the furnace width direction as well as in the furnace width direction. The waste W provided on the grate 24 is burned by the combustion air P from below. When the waste W is burned, the high temperature gas Q is blown downward from the high temperature gas inlet 28 provided on the ceiling 21A, and the high temperature gas Q and the combustible gas and the combustion gas rising from the waste W are increased. It collides against the flow, forms a slow stagnation region or a circulation region that circulates in the vertical direction directly above the waste layer W, and forms a planar combustion region (planar flame) E in the furnace width direction and furnace length direction (waste (Moving direction) in a uniform manner. Thereby, even in an incinerator having a large furnace width, uniform and stable combustion is possible.

  The waste incinerator of the present invention blows a hot gas downward into the combustion chamber from the hot gas inlet provided on the ceiling of the combustion chamber, and the downward hot gas flow, combustible gas and combustion gas generated from the waste , A stagnation region with a slow flow is formed immediately above the waste layer, and a combustion promoting effect and a combustion stabilizing effect are obtained. That is, in the present invention, the following effects are obtained by blowing hot gas downward from the ceiling of the combustion chamber.

  The effect of blowing hot gas downward from the ceiling of the combustion chamber will be described in detail.

  (1) The thermal decomposition of the waste W is promoted by the sensible heat and radiation of the high temperature gas.

  (2) The combustion of the combustible gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the waste W is promoted by blowing a high-temperature gas containing oxygen.

  (3) Hot gas is blown downward into the combustion chamber 21 from the hot gas inlet 28 provided on the ceiling 21A of the combustion chamber, and the downward flow of the high temperature gas, combustible gas and combustion gas generated from the waste W, The stagnation area where the flow is slow or the circulation area where the flow circulates in the vertical direction is formed directly above the waste layer, so that the flow of the flammable gas becomes gentle and the flammable gas burns. Since it is sufficiently mixed with the oxidant component supplied by the primary air and high-temperature gas, stable combustion is performed. In the stagnation region or circulation region immediately above the waste layer, the combustible gas is stably burned to form a flat combustion region (planar flame), which is present.

  (4) The thermal decomposition of the waste W is promoted by radiation of the standing flat flame.

  Thus, by the actions (1) to (4), the waste W can be stably burned even under the low air ratio combustion operation. And since combustion is stabilized, combustible gas is fully combusted and the generation amount of harmful substances, such as CO and NOx, in the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator can be suppressed.

  Further, since the thermal decomposition of the waste W can be promoted by radiation of the standing flat flame E or the like, the amount of the waste W supplied to the grate 24 (grate load) and the waste supplied to the combustion chamber The amount of heat of W (furnace load) can be increased. For this reason, the volume of the combustion chamber can be reduced with respect to the amount of waste incineration, the furnace height of the incinerator can be reduced, and the waste incineration equipment can be made compact, thereby reducing the equipment cost and operation cost. be able to.

A concrete example of the waste incinerator 20 shown in FIG. 1 is a conventional type in which the height of the combustion chamber 21 for burning the waste is 1 to 3 m, and the waste incineration amount is about 100 tons / day. Compared with the combustion chamber height of the incinerator being about 5 to 6 m, the height is ½ or less. Further, an example of the volume of the waste incinerator 20 is 90m ^3, equal to or less than about 1/2 of 190 m ³ of conventional incinerators. As described above, the combustion chamber 21 is 3 m or less in height, and the high-temperature gas described above is blown downward from the ceiling to stably perform the low air ratio combustion, so that the grate-type waste incinerator Equipment can be made compact, and equipment costs and operating costs can be greatly reduced.

  Next, a waste incineration processing procedure in the waste incineration processing apparatus as the present embodiment will be described.

  First, waste such as municipal waste and industrial waste is collected and stored in the waste pit 10. Since the waste is collected from many occurrence points, the waste thrown into the waste pit 10 varies from one having a high moisture content to one having a low water content each time it is put. In addition, there are various forms of waste, from large to small, and those contained in bags or scattered. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the waste in the waste pit 10 is sent to the crushing device 50 intermittently or continuously little by little, and after roughly crushing to an appropriate size by the crushing device 50, the intermediate mooring portion is used. Send to mooring tank 60. The roughly crushed waste is sent out to the waste incinerator 20 by the screw conveyor 62 and the delivery device 63, but is moored in the mooring tank 60 for a predetermined time until then.

  The mooring tank 60 receives the exhaust gas sent from the waste incinerator 20 via the exhaust gas line 80 at the lower part thereof. Although this exhaust gas is recovered by the waste heat boiler 23 of the waste incinerator 20 and further by the economizer 70, it still has sufficient retained heat to heat and dry the waste. While flowing through the waste, it comes into direct contact with the waste, raising the temperature of the waste and lowering its moisture content. Since the waste in the mooring tank 60 is roughly crushed by the crushing device 50, a sufficient contact area with the exhaust gas is secured and the moisture content is efficiently reduced. After the exhaust gas raises the temperature of the waste, it falls to itself and is attracted by the induction fan 42 to reach the chimney 41 and is released to the atmosphere.

  The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line 80 is taken out from the discharge port side of the dust remover 30 in a state after dust removal, but a part of the exhaust gas is taken out from the inlet side of the dust remover 30 as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. It may be. Accordingly, the dust removal load in the dust removal device 30 is reduced, and even the exhaust gas before dust removal adheres to the waste containing moisture by the direct contact with the waste in the mooring tank 60 and is removed. Therefore, there is no problem with the emission from the chimney 41.

  In the present embodiment, the heating of the waste by the exhaust gas in the mooring tank 60 can be performed by indirect contact as well as by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the waste as described above. In the case of indirect contact, the exhaust gas flows through the heat exchange pipe passing through the mooring tank 60 and does not come into contact with waste, so that the effect of dust removal cannot be obtained. Therefore, in the case of indirect contact, it is preferable that the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas line 80 is sent to the mooring tank 60 only after the dust is exhausted from the exhaust port of the dust removing device 30.

  It is preferable to reduce the moisture content to 30 to 40% by weight by heating and drying the waste by direct contact or indirect contact between the exhaust gas and the waste. In general, waste such as municipal waste has a moisture content of about 50% by weight and a lower heating value of about 2000 kcal / kg, but the moisture content is reduced to 30 to 40% by weight and the lower heating value is 2500 to 3000 kcal. / Kg is preferable because the combustion of the waste in the combustion chamber becomes more stable and the recovered heat energy increases.

  It is preferable to control the heating of the waste by controlling the flow rate of the exhaust gas supplied to the mooring tank 60 so that the moisture content of the waste is measured by a moisture content measuring means such as an infrared sensor and within a predetermined moisture content range. . Further, by measuring the temperature in the furnace and the amount of heat collected by the waste heat boiler, the calorific value of the waste supplied into the furnace is calculated, and the calorific value is set within a predetermined range (for example, 2500 to 3000 kcal / kg). In this way, the waste gas flow rate supplied to the mooring tank 60 may be controlled to control the heating of the waste.

  Thus, the waste having a reduced moisture content and no variation in the moisture content is intermittently or continuously supplied to the waste incinerator 20 for incineration. Hereinafter, the state of incineration in the waste incinerator 20 will be described for each operation content.

<Overview of incineration>
First, when waste is introduced into the waste inlet 22 of the waste incinerator 20, the dropped waste is supplied into the combustion chamber 21 by a waste supply device (not shown) and is deposited on the dry grate 24a. The movement of each grate moves onto the combustion grate 24b and onto the post-combustion grate 24c, forming a waste layer on each grate. Each grate receives the primary air for combustion via wind boxes 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, whereby the waste on each grate is dried and burned.

  Wastes are mainly dried and ignited on the dry grate 24a. That is, the waste of the dry grate 24a is dried in the upstream range of the dry grate 24a, ignited in the downstream range of the dry grate 24a, and up to the upstream range (front part) of the combustion grate 24b. Combustion starts in the range. A drying region A1 is formed above the upstream range (front portion) of the drying grate 24a in the waste flow direction. A combustion start area A2 is formed above the upstream range (front part) of the combustion grate 24b from the downstream range (rear part) of the dry grate 24a. On the combustion grate 24b, pyrolysis and partial oxidation of the waste are mainly performed to generate a combustible gas. The combustible gas is combusted with a flame and the solid content in the waste is combusted. A main combustion region A3 is formed above the combustion grate 24b. This main combustion region A3 is a region up to the point where combustion with flame is completed (burn-out point). The combustion of the waste is substantially completed on the combustion grate 24b. On the post-combustion grate 24c, unburned components such as fixed carbon in the remaining waste are completely burned. In the region after the burn-out point, the solid unburned portion (char) in the waste is burned, and a post-combustion region A4 is formed above the post-combustion grate 24c. The combustion ash after complete combustion is discharged from the ash drop opening 25. With the waste burning in this manner, as seen in FIG. 2, the space immediately above each grate 24a, 24b, 24c has a dry region A1, a combustion start region A2, a main combustion region A3, and a rear region. A combustion region A4 is formed.

  As described above, the waste heat boiler 23 is connected to the outlet of the combustion chamber 21, and the vicinity of the inlet of the waste heat boiler 23 is the secondary combustion region B1. Therefore, the unburned portion (unburned gas) of the combustible gas generated in the combustion chamber 21 is guided to the secondary combustion region B1, where it is mixed and stirred with the secondary combustion gas R, and is subjected to secondary combustion. The combustion exhaust gas is recovered by the waste heat boiler 23 after the secondary combustion. After the heat is recovered, the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the waste heat boiler 23 is sent to a dust removal device 30 (not shown) after neutralization of acid gas by slaked lime and adsorption of dioxins by activated carbon. The neutralized reaction product, activated carbon, dust, etc. are recovered and detoxified. The combustion exhaust gas that has been dedusted and detoxified by the dust removing device 30 is sent to the mooring tank 60 described above through the exhaust gas line 80, where the waste is heated and then attracted by the attracting fan 42. The chimney 41 is discharged into the atmosphere. In addition, as the said dust removal apparatus 30, dust removal apparatuses, such as a bag filter system and an electrostatic dust collection system, can be used, for example. Further, a part of the exhaust gas after being dust-removed by the dust removing device is sent as a high-temperature gas to the high-temperature gas supply source 27A.

  Next, the blowing of the primary combustion air, the high temperature gas, and the secondary combustion gas will be described in detail.

<Blowing primary air for combustion>
The primary combustion air P passes from the blower 26e through the primary combustion air supply pipe 26f to the wind boxes 26a, 26b, and 26c provided at the lower portions of the dry grate 24a, the combustion grate 24b, and the post-combustion grate 24c. , 26d, and then supplied to the combustion chamber 21 through the grate 24a, 24b, 24c. The flow rate of the primary combustion air P supplied into the “combustion chamber 21” is adjusted by a flow rate adjusting damper 26g provided in the primary combustion air supply pipe 26f, and is further supplied to each wind box 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d. The flow rate to be supplied is adjusted by a flow rate adjustment damper (not shown) provided in each supply pipe that is branched from each wind box. Further, the configurations of the air boxes 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d and the combustion primary air supply pipe 26f for supplying the combustion primary air P are not limited to those shown in the figure, but the incinerator scale, shape, application, etc. Can be appropriately selected.

<Combustion stabilization by hot gas injection>
As seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hot gas is blown through the hot gas inlet 28 toward the region from the combustion start region A2 to the main combustion region A3 and downward toward the waste layer W. Infused. In order to stabilize the combustion, it is preferable to blow high-temperature gas into a region where there is a flame and a large amount of combustible gas. Therefore, from the combustion start region A2 to the main combustion region A3, which is a region where a large amount of combustible gas exists. Blow hot gas into the area.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the hot gas is blown downward into the region from the combustion start region A2 to the main combustion region A3 in the combustion chamber 21 and directly above the waste layer W through the hot gas inlet 28. Thus, the high temperature gas blown downward faces the upward flow of the combustible gas and the combustion gas generated by the thermal decomposition and partial oxidation of the waste, and both gas flows collide with each other, and the waste layer W A flat stagnation region with a slow flow or a circulation region that circulates in the vertical direction is formed directly above. Since these regions have a slow gas flow rate, a flame in which the combustible gas burns is fixed, that is, a planar combustion region (planar flame) E is present immediately above the waste layer W and is combustible. Gas is burned stably. As a result, generation of soot can be suppressed while suppressing generation of harmful substances such as CO, NOx, dioxins and the like even in low air ratio combustion. For this reason, low air ratio combustion can be performed without hindrance.

  In addition to the fact that wastes are heated by thermal radiation and sensible heat of high-temperature gas, and thermal decomposition and partial oxidation are promoted, a planar combustion region (planar flame) is present directly above the waste layer. The waste is heated by thermal radiation and sensible heat from the planar combustion region E, and thermal decomposition and partial oxidation are further promoted.

  Next, the preparation of the high-temperature gas, the blowing port, the blowing flow velocity / blowing amount, and the blowing of the secondary combustion gas will be sequentially described.

  It is preferable to inject the high-temperature gas flow rate as a flow rate 5 to 20 times the superficial velocity obtained by dividing the flow rate of the combustion chamber gas by the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber in a plane perpendicular to the furnace length direction. The stagnation region or the circulation region can be stably formed without being affected.

  The blowing speed of the hot gas Q is adjusted, for example, by adjusting the blowing amount of the blower that sends the hot gas Q or adjusting the opening degree of the damper 27C as a flow rate adjusting mechanism provided in the pipe line 27B. It is adjusted by doing.

  When there are a plurality of high-temperature gas injection ports 28, the high-temperature gas Q does not necessarily have to be injected from each of the high-temperature gas injection ports 28a to 28c at an equal flow rate, and the scale, shape, application or waste properties, amount, Depending on the waste layer thickness or the like, the blowing flow rate from each of the hot gas blowing ports 28a to 28c can be appropriately changed so as to be different.

  Corresponding to fluctuations in the amount of combustible gas and combustion gas generated from the waste in the combustion chamber 21, the hot gas Q is blown so that the planar combustion region is fixed immediately above the waste layer without fluctuation. It is preferable to adjust the flow rate. When the state of the planar combustion region E changes, the combustion state of the combustible gas changes and the CO concentration, oxygen concentration, etc. in the combustion exhaust gas change, so the CO concentration, oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler as monitoring factors May be measured, and the flow rate of the hot gas Q may be adjusted in accordance with the change.

<Preparation of hot gas>
The temperature of the hot gas blown from the hot gas blowing port 28 is preferably in the range of 100 to 400 ° C, and more preferably about 150 to 200 ° C. When a gas having a temperature of less than 100 ° C. is blown, the temperature in the furnace decreases, combustion becomes unstable, and the amount of CO generated increases. When a gas exceeding 400 ° C. is blown, the flame temperature in the combustion chamber becomes extremely high, which causes problems such as promotion of clinker generation. By setting the temperature of the high-temperature gas to about 150 to 200 ° C., the occurrence of the above-described problem can be suppressed and the energy for heating the air can be set to an appropriate range, which is more preferable.

  The oxygen concentration contained in the high temperature gas Q is about 5 to 30% by volume, preferably 5 to 15% by volume. Thereby, the above-mentioned effect is exhibited more effectively, and the reduction of NOx and the reduction of CO of exhaust gas is further promoted.

  As the high-temperature gas Q having the above gas temperature and oxygen concentration, a part of the exhaust gas is extracted downstream from the secondary combustion region B1 and returned, a mixed gas of the returned exhaust gas and air, and a gas containing oxygen. It is preferable to use any one of air and oxygen-enriched air. As the return exhaust gas, the exhaust gas discharged from the waste incinerator is dust-removed and neutralized, that is, as shown in FIG. 1, a part of the exhaust gas discharged from the dust removing device 30 is returned and used. preferable. Any one of return exhaust gas, return exhaust gas and air mixed gas, oxygen-containing gas, air, and oxygen-enriched air is heated by steam generated in the waste heat boiler 23 as necessary, and temperature and oxygen concentration Is blown into the combustion chamber 21 as a high-temperature gas that satisfies the above predetermined condition.

  By adjusting the mixing ratio of the return exhaust gas and air when preparing the high temperature gas, the heating conditions such as the return exhaust gas or the return exhaust gas and air mixed gas, etc., the temperature and oxygen concentration of the high temperature gas are adjusted to the desired ranges.

<High-temperature gas blowing area>
In FIG. 2, the hot gas inlet 28 is formed on the ceiling 21 </ b> A of the combustion chamber 21 above the combustion grate 24 b and the combustion grate 24 b corresponding to the main combustion region A <b> 3 from the combustion start region A <b> 2 in the combustion chamber 21. is set up. Here, the thermal decomposition reaction of waste occurs at a temperature of about 200 ° C., and is almost completed when the temperature reaches about 400 ° C. In the region where the combustible gas is generated, the hot gas Q is blown downward from the ceiling 21A of the combustion chamber 21 directly above the waste layer, so that the stagnation region or circulation region near the waste layer in the furnace is formed. Stable combustion is performed by forming the planar combustion region and forming a planar combustion region.

  In the example shown in FIG. 2, the downstream part of the dry grate 24a and the upper part of the combustion grate 24b correspond to the combustion start area A2 to the main combustion area A3, so a high temperature gas inlet 28 is provided above these positions. Hot gas Q is blown in. Depending on the composition and properties of the waste, the pyrolysis reaction may be completed at a higher temperature. In this case, a hot gas inlet should be provided on the downstream side (right side in the figure) from the position shown in FIG. Is preferred.

<High temperature gas inlet>
The hot gas inlet 28 is provided at an arbitrary position directly above the grate in the range from the downstream side (rear part) of the waste grate 24a in the movement direction of the waste to the combustion grate 24b on the ceiling 21A of the combustion chamber 21. ing. The hot gas inlets 28 are arranged along a plurality of rows in the width direction and the length direction of the combustion chamber 21. The hot gas inlet 28 may be a nozzle type or a slit type.

  Arrangement position, arrangement number, arrangement interval, blowing direction, blowing port shape (related to the shape of the blown hot gas Q), hot gas Q blowing flow rate, blowing flow rate, etc. The setting and operating conditions of the high-temperature gas inlet 28 are set so as to control the state of the planar combustion region E to a desired state according to the processing amount, volume, shape, waste property, etc. of the waste incinerator. Or adjusted.

  The state of the flow of the high-temperature gas facing the upward flow from the waste so that the planar combustion region E is formed over a wide range in the width direction and the length direction immediately above the waste layer in the combustion chamber 21. At least one of the arrangement position, the number of arrangements, the arrangement interval, the blowing direction, the shape of the blowing port, the blowing flow rate of the hot gas, and the blowing flow rate is set so as to control in a preferable state. Or adjust.

  In FIG. 2, a hot gas blowing port 28 is provided in the ceiling 21 </ b> A of the combustion chamber 21, and the hot gas Q is blown downward from here toward the waste layer. Here, as the blowing direction of the high temperature gas Q, it is desirable to blow in the blowing direction in an angle range from a perpendicular to the waste layer to 20 °. This is because the flow field generated when the blown hot gas Q collides with the combustible gas generated by the thermal decomposition and partial oxidation of the waste and the upward flow of the combustion gas is used as the counter flow field. This is because a suitable counter flow field is not formed when the blowing direction of is in a range larger than 20 ° from the perpendicular to the waste layer.

<Injection of secondary combustion gas>
The secondary combustion gas R is blown into the secondary combustion region B1, and the unburned gas from the combustion chamber 21 is subjected to secondary combustion. As the secondary combustion gas R, it is preferable to use a gas having a temperature in the range of room temperature to 200 ° C. and an oxygen concentration in the range of 15 to 21% by volume. As the secondary combustion gas, air, a gas containing oxygen, a return exhaust gas, or a mixed gas thereof may be used.

  It is preferable to install one or more secondary combustion gas inlets 29b so that the secondary combustion gas R is blown in the direction in which the swirling flow is generated in the secondary combustion region B1. By blowing the secondary combustion gas R in the direction in which the swirl flow is generated in the secondary combustion region B1, the gas temperature and oxygen concentration distribution in the secondary combustion region B1 can be made uniform and averaged. Subsequent combustion is performed stably, generation of a local high temperature region is suppressed, and exhaust gas can be further reduced in NOx. Furthermore, since the mixing of the unburned gas and the oxidant is promoted, the combustion stability is improved and complete combustion can be achieved, so that the exhaust gas can be reduced in CO.

  As the secondary combustion gas R, only the secondary air for combustion supplied by the blower, the gas in which the diluent is mixed with the secondary air for combustion after the blower is supplied and the oxygen concentration is adjusted, after passing through the dust removing device Only the return exhaust gas from which a part of the exhaust gas is extracted, or a gas in which the secondary air for combustion and the return exhaust gas are mixed can be used.

  Diluents such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide are conceivable.

  It is preferable to adjust the flow rate of the secondary combustion gas so that the gas temperature in the secondary combustion region B1 is in the range of 800 to 1050 ° C. When the gas temperature in the secondary combustion region B1 is less than 800 ° C., the combustion of the unburned gas becomes insufficient, and the CO in the exhaust gas increases. Moreover, when the gas temperature in secondary combustion area | region B1 exceeds 1050 degreeC, the production | generation of clinker in secondary combustion area | region B1 will be promoted, and also NOx will increase.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the waste from the waste pit is reduced in the moisture content by using the exhaust gas in the intermediate mooring section, and the moisture content is not varied. In addition to stable combustion of waste, a high-temperature gas blown into the combustion chamber can form a stable stagnation region or circulation region in the vicinity of the waste layer in the combustion chamber. Regardless of the size of the waste incinerator, even when low air ratio combustion with an air ratio of 1.5 or less is performed, the combustion stability is stable over the entire width direction and length direction in the combustion chamber. A waste incineration processing apparatus and a waste incineration processing method are provided that can be maintained and reduce the generation of harmful gases such as CO and NOx. Furthermore, since the combustion can be performed at a lower air ratio than before, the total amount of exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator can be further greatly reduced, and a waste incineration processing apparatus and a waste incineration processing method that can improve the recovery efficiency of waste heat are provided. Provided.

  In addition, the thermal decomposition of waste can be promoted by radiation of standing flat flames, etc., so the amount of waste supplied to the grate (grate load) and the amount of waste supplied to the combustion chamber (furnace Load) can be increased. For this reason, the volume of the combustion chamber can be reduced with respect to the amount of waste incineration, the furnace height of the incinerator can be reduced, and the waste incineration equipment can be made compact, thereby reducing the equipment cost and operation cost. be able to.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the intermediate mooring portion is provided independently for the waste pit and the waste incinerator. However, in this embodiment, the space in the waste pit is partitioned to be intermediate. It is characterized in that an intermediate mooring part is formed as a pit. This embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is different from the first embodiment of FIG. 1 in that the intermediate pit is formed in a part of the waste pit space and does not have a crushing device. However, since the other portions are the same as those in FIG. 1, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the waste pit 10 divides the space in the waste pit 10 by the partition wall 11, so that the main pit 12 in the large space and the intermediate pit 13 in the small space as the intermediate mooring portion. Is forming. An exhaust gas line 80 is connected to the bottom wall of the intermediate pit 13, and a blower 81 is provided in the exhaust gas line 80. Thus, the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas line 80 is sent to the intermediate pit 13 by the blower 81 so as to be in direct contact with the waste in the intermediate pit 13. The upper space of the intermediate pit 13 is connected to the chimney 41 by an exhaust gas pipe 82 that forms a part of the exhaust gas line 80, and the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas line 80 is in direct contact with the waste in the intermediate pit 13 by its retained heat. Then, after the temperature of the waste is raised and the moisture content is lowered by exchanging heat, the temperature of the waste is lowered and discharged from the chimney 41. Also in this embodiment, since the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas line 80 exchanges heat with waste by direct contact with the waste, as in the case of the previous embodiment, FIG. 4 shows a state before flowing into the dust removing device 30, that is, before dust removal. As indicated by the one-dot chain line, a part of the exhaust gas can be supplied to the intermediate pit 13 from the inlet side of the dust removing device 30.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the waste in the main pit 12 is transferred to the intermediate pit 13 little by little continuously or intermittently. The waste in the intermediate pit 13 is in direct contact with the exhaust gas flowing up through the waste and is heated by the retained heat of the exhaust gas, so that the moisture content decreases. The waste having a reduced moisture content is fed into the waste incinerator 20 through the waste inlet 22. The exhaust gas that raises the temperature of the waste by directly contacting the waste at the intermediate pit 13 is attached to the waste due to the direct contact with the waste even if the dust before dust removal is contained, It is emitted from the chimney 41 in a state after dust removal. Agitation means such as a vane wheel for agitating waste may be provided in the intermediate pit 13 to promote heat exchange between exhaust gas and waste.

  When the waste pit 10 is formed with the intermediate pit 13 by the partition wall 11, the waste in the intermediate pit 13 is brought into indirect contact with the exhaust gas when the temperature is raised by heat exchange with the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas line 80. It may be. As shown in FIG. 5, a heat transfer pipe 83 that receives the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas line 80 is arranged in the intermediate pit 13 as a part of the exhaust gas line 80 so that the exhaust gas is guided to the chimney 41 through the heat transfer pipe 83. Can do. In this case, for the purpose of increasing the contact area with the waste, it is effective for the heat transfer tube 83 to bend the pipe line to increase the tube length or to provide fins.

10 Waste pit 13 Middle mooring section (intermediate pit)
20 Waste incinerator 21 Combustion chamber 24 Grate 26 Primary air blowing means (primary air supply system)
28 Hot gas blowing means (hot gas blowing port)
30 Detoxification processing equipment (dust removal equipment)
40 Exhaust gas release device 60 Middle mooring section (mooring tank)
A2 Combustion start area A3 Main combustion area

Claims (5)

A waste pit that receives and stores the collected waste, a grate-type waste incinerator that incinerates the waste from the waste pit, and a detoxification that makes the exhaust gas from the waste incinerator harmless In a waste incineration treatment apparatus having a treatment apparatus and an exhaust gas emission apparatus that discharges the detoxified exhaust gas to the atmosphere, and connected by an exhaust gas line from the waste incinerator to the exhaust gas emission apparatus,
The waste incinerator is a combustion chamber for burning waste on a grate, primary air blowing means for blowing combustion primary air from below the grate into the combustion chamber, and the movement direction of the waste on the grate A high-temperature gas blowing means for blowing a high-temperature gas downward from the ceiling of the combustion chamber toward an arbitrary region between the combustion start region and the main combustion region in the combustion chamber in the furnace length direction;
An intermediate mooring section is provided at a position between the waste pit and the waste incinerator for temporarily mooring a part of the waste from the waste pit,
An exhaust gas line is connected to the intermediate mooring portion at at least one of an exhaust gas inflow portion position and an exhaust gas outflow portion position in the detoxification treatment apparatus, and the exhaust gas is discharged after exchanging heat with the waste in the intermediate mooring portion. A waste incineration apparatus characterized by being discharged from the apparatus.   The intermediate mooring part is formed as a mooring tank for temporarily mooring the crushed waste after the waste from the waste pit is crushed, and the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line is in direct contact with the crushed waste in the mooring tank or The waste incineration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste incineration apparatus is guided to an exhaust gas discharge device after indirect contact.   The intermediate mooring part is formed as an intermediate pit partitioned by dividing the space in the waste pit, and the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line is guided to the exhaust gas discharge device after exchanging heat with the waste in the intermediate pit. The waste incineration processing apparatus according to claim 1.   The waste incineration apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the intermediate pit is heat-exchanged by exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line being in direct contact or indirect contact with waste in the intermediate pit. A waste pit that receives and stores the collected waste, a grate-type waste incinerator that incinerates the waste from the waste pit, and a detoxification that makes the exhaust gas from the waste incinerator harmless A waste incineration process in a waste incineration treatment apparatus having a treatment apparatus and an exhaust gas emission apparatus for releasing the detoxified exhaust gas to the atmosphere and connected by an exhaust gas line from the waste incinerator to the exhaust gas emission apparatus In the method
Blow primary air for combustion into the combustion chamber from below the grate,
High-temperature gas is blown downward from the ceiling of the combustion chamber toward an arbitrary region between the combustion start region and the main combustion region in the combustion chamber in the furnace length direction, which is the moving direction of waste on the grate,
A part of the waste from the waste pit is moored to an intermediate mooring section located between the waste pit and the waste incinerator,
Waste incineration characterized in that the exhaust gas from at least one of the exhaust gas inflow portion position and the exhaust gas outflow portion position in the detoxification treatment device is discharged from the exhaust gas discharge device after heat exchange with the waste in the intermediate mooring portion. Processing method.

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