EP2295798A1 - Dispositif d'entraînement pour le piston d'une pompe à fluide - Google Patents

Dispositif d'entraînement pour le piston d'une pompe à fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2295798A1
EP2295798A1 EP09075367A EP09075367A EP2295798A1 EP 2295798 A1 EP2295798 A1 EP 2295798A1 EP 09075367 A EP09075367 A EP 09075367A EP 09075367 A EP09075367 A EP 09075367A EP 2295798 A1 EP2295798 A1 EP 2295798A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
drive device
spring
movement
drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09075367A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Göllner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Berlin Heart GmbH
Original Assignee
Berlin Heart GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Berlin Heart GmbH filed Critical Berlin Heart GmbH
Priority to EP09075367A priority Critical patent/EP2295798A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2010/005110 priority patent/WO2011018244A1/fr
Priority to DE202010017609U priority patent/DE202010017609U1/de
Publication of EP2295798A1 publication Critical patent/EP2295798A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
    • F04B9/103—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber
    • F04B9/105—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber reciprocating movement of the pumping member being obtained by a double-acting liquid motor

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of mechanical engineering or precision engineering and can be used, for example, in medical technology.
  • a special field of application comprises the so-called pulsatile pumps, ie those which alternately generate pressures of certain different levels. In particular, it may be necessary to alternately generate positive and negative pressure.
  • Such an application occurs, for example, in medical technology in the blood circulation support, since by this Function the functioning of the heart muscle can be supported.
  • the drive is also suitable for blood pumps, which represent a so-called “full heart replacement”. The heart is completely removed and replaced by such a blood pump. In principle, the pump therefore alternately aspirate blood by negative pressure and convey it back into the vessels by overpressure.
  • Such a device is for example from the DE OS 26 19 324 known. There, however, the focus of the presentation is on a pulse limiter between a drive pump and the actual blood pump.
  • the DD 264 380 discloses a computer control of a pump drive by means of Um Spotifyhubmagneten, wherein both the geometric characteristic by design of the magnet and the computer control contributes to the desired pressure profile.
  • the Berlin Heart company also discloses a pulsatile cardiac assist system which comprises a heart pump with a blood chamber and an air chamber separated from it by a multiple membrane which communicates with a working pump in the form of a piston pump.
  • the blood chamber can be connected to the circulatory system of a patient by means of an inlet and an outlet, both of which are valve-controlled.
  • the changing pressure levels on the air side of the membrane are generated by means of the working pump, which is connected via a hose to the housing of the blood pump.
  • the invention can be used advantageously when the piston or the motor element is loaded differently in both directions of movement.
  • the piston drive or the transmission of the drive movement for the two phases of the piston movement can be adjusted such that the total loads for the drive in the different phases are approximated to each other.
  • the piston drive / motor element and the drive transmission in the overpressure generation and the negative pressure generation is approximately equally loaded.
  • the working space may also be designed as a bellows or a rolling diaphragm, wherein the bellows or the membrane is connected on one side with a plunger and the bottom of the bellows forms the piston.
  • the energy storage can on the one hand be designed so that it stores energy in any form and this converts during the piston movement in a force to support this movement.
  • the energy can be stored, for example, in electrical or magnetic form.
  • the electrical energy can, for example, also be fed back directly to the motor element, in order thus to reduce the necessary external electrical energy supply to the motor element.
  • the energy storage can also be constructed mechanically, store the energy mechanically and feed directly into the kinematic chain of the piston drive.
  • the energy storage stores energy in mechanical form, in particular in a spring element.
  • the storage in a mechanical element, in particular in a spring element is mechanically very easy to set up and also works with particularly low energy losses, since the energy does not have to be converted into another form of energy between charging and discharging the energy storage.
  • the motor element may for this purpose have a linearly movable armature and a stretched electrical or magnetic stator. This provides a magnetic or electrical direct drive, which further minimizes losses in the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy. Incidentally, such an engine is easy to control.
  • the motor element has a rotary motor and a spindle.
  • the spindle is thereby rotated about its longitudinal axis and drives a guided on this threaded nut linear.
  • the linear movement of the threaded nut is cyclically reversed.
  • the nut must in this case be coupled to the piston to drive its linear motion.
  • kinematic combinations such as one non-rotatable, coupled to the piston and a spindle rotatably driven stationary threaded nut or a non-rotatable and stationary threaded nut in combination with a rotatably driven and axially displaceable, connected to the piston spindle, which is driven by a rotationally secured, movable motor, conceivable.
  • the spindle passes through the drivable piston.
  • a coil spring or conical spring supported on the first side and can be tensioned between this and a fixed abutment, in particular compressible.
  • This shape of the spring element can be particularly easily integrated into the piston guide, and corresponding characteristics of coil springs or conical springs can be designed in large areas, so that the corresponding spring elements are adaptable to the purpose of the invention. It can be supported by means of such spring elements and large piston paths.
  • the spring elements can finally be claimed both on pressure and on train. Fatigue of conical springs or coil springs can be ruled out for a long time.
  • the spring can be used to prevent rotation of the piston and prevent its rotation with the spindle. Because of the torsional resistance of the spring about its longitudinal axis transmits this one, albeit not absolute, torsional strength. In reality, however, the spring allows a certain minimum rotation of the piston, especially at the reversal points of the movement. The minimum rotational movement of the piston / torsional vibration of the piston / spring system can prevent the piston from locking in the axial direction at the momentary standstill and becoming stuck due to stiction. The rotation ensures that the piston remains constantly in the sliding friction region
  • the piston may advantageously be connected to a guide tube running coaxially therewith, which is guided mechanically at least over part of the piston travel.
  • the guide tube may for example be made in one piece with the piston or screwed or welded to this.
  • the guide tube seals the piston with a minimal dead space increase.
  • the guide tube can project, for example, into a pressure chamber of the first fluid.
  • the guide tube can be positioned and designed such that it is guided, for example, on the threaded spindle passing through it or in an outer tube surrounding the guide tube on the outside.
  • the threaded spindle for example, protrude into the guide tube when the guide tube is placed on the point at which the threaded spindle penetrated the piston. In this case, it is important that the guide tube is connected gas-tight or fluid-tight with the piston.
  • the invention relates in addition to a drive device of the type mentioned also to a pumping device for a second fluid, which has a first pressure chamber, a second pressure chamber and a movable, fluid-tight intermediate element, wherein the second pressure chamber by the means of the drive means described drivable piston Working pump with or without interposition of a hose member with the first fluid is pressurizable and wherein the first pressure chamber for sucking and discharging a second fluid, in particular blood is set up.
  • the pumping device which can be embodied as a blood pump, has a first pressure chamber in a rigid housing which is delimited by a movable intermediate element, for example a diaphragm, which moves in the course of pressure changes in a second pressure chamber and thus carries out lifting movements.
  • the first pressure chamber is connected via two connections, for example, with a bloodstream of a patient, so that sucked in enlargement of the first pressure chamber blood and when a reduction of the first pressure chamber blood is ejected.
  • valves on the connections for example as a one-way valves, it is ensured that blood is sucked in each case only through one of the connections and ejected through the respective other connection.
  • the movement of the intermediate element / the membrane is caused by pressure changes in the second pressure chamber, which is directly connected to a limited by the drivable piston of a working pump working space.
  • the piston of the working pump by driving the piston of the working pump, the pressure and the volume in the work space delimited by it and thus the volume of the second pressure chamber in the blood pump changes, resulting in a corresponding movement of the intermediate element / membrane.
  • a fluid in the working space and the second pressure chamber advantageously a biocompatible gas such as air or nitrogen, but in principle also a liquid can be used.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating a drive device for a drivable in two opposite directions piston as described above, having an energy storage in the form of a spring element, wherein the working range of the motor drive with respect to the drive path according to the desired spring support, taking into account the Maximum pressure and the required piston stroke is set.
  • a spring element which supports the motor drive of the piston, naturally has a force-displacement characteristic, which causes the spring support of the piston drive is different pronounced depending on the point on the piston stroke.
  • this can be taken into account productively. If, for example, in particular when generating the overpressure, an intensive support of the piston drive by the spring is required, such. B. in the operation of a blood pump Infants, so the operating point can be chosen such that the piston is alternately reciprocated in the region of highest spring tension. If a lower support required by the energy storage, so the movement in the range of lower spring tension, ie less charging of the energy storage can be operated. In this way, the operation of the drive device can be optimized depending on the application, without changing the basic principle of something.
  • the abutment of the spring can be adjusted, if necessary, be moved in the axial direction of the piston movement when using a screw or conical spring. This can be done for example by means of a screw.
  • Fig. 1 first shows schematically the contour of a human 1 with a diaphragm pump 2 also shown schematically, which is connected via two cannulas with the bloodstream of the human 1 and a pressure line 3 with a fluid pump 4.
  • a fluid pump 4 Such pump systems are usually used for circulatory support in humans and can be implanted or arranged exkorporal.
  • the fluid pump 4 is usually arranged stationary or transportable outside the body and requires a power supply 5, for example by a battery.
  • the drive includes both a motor and the kinematic chain for transmitting drive forces to a piston.
  • the Fig. 2 shows the diaphragm pump 2 and the working pump / piston compressor 4 in more detail, but still schematically.
  • the membrane pump has an inlet 6, characterized by the arrow 7, and an outlet 8, characterized by the arrow 9, which are respectively connected to blood vessels or to the heart.
  • blood is sucked into a storage space / first pressure chamber 10 via the inlet 6, which is bounded on the one hand by a rigid housing 11 of the pump, on the other hand by a movable membrane 12.
  • the housing 11 of the pump may for example consist of a transparent plastic.
  • the membrane may be formed either form-elastic in the form of a bellows or material elastic, for example made of rubber or a rubber-like material.
  • the inner walls of the storage space 10 may advantageously be coated with a substance which prevents or delays the coagulation of the blood. This substance can also be at least partially incorporated in the housing walls or the membrane.
  • the membrane 12 When the membrane 12 is moved in the direction of the arrow 13, the storage space 10 increases and blood is sucked in through the inlet 6. For this purpose, the valve 14 opens, so that blood can flow.
  • valve 15 which is formed as the valve 14 as a one-way valve, so that through the outlet 8 no blood can be sucked.
  • the drive of the membrane 12 is effected by pressure change in the drive chamber 16 / second pressure chamber of the diaphragm pump 2.
  • a movement of the diaphragm 12 in the direction of the arrow 13 is effected by a reduction in pressure in the drive space 16, so that a corresponding pressure reduction also takes place in the storage space 10 / first pressure chamber.
  • a movement of the diaphragm 12 in the direction of the arrow 17 takes place when the pressure in the drive space 16 is increased. This also leads to an increase in the pressure in the storage space 10, which causes the automatic check valve 14 closes and the check valve 15 opens to the outlet 8 out.
  • blood can be expelled through the outlet 8 in the direction of the arrow 9 toward a blood vessel.
  • the pressure changes caused by movement of a piston 18 in the directions of movement 19, 20.
  • a movement of the piston 18 in the direction of the arrow 20 causes an increase in pressure in the drive chamber 16, while a movement in the opposite direction 20a causes a lowering of the pressure in the drive chamber 16.
  • the Fig. 3 shows in more detail the fluid pump 4, which is designed as a piston compressor.
  • a drivable piston 18 is provided in a cylinder 19 and sealed against this.
  • a working chamber 20 is limited by the piston, in which the desired pressure is generated and which is connected via a connection 21 to the pressure line 3.
  • the piston 18 is driven by a spindle drive via a threaded spindle 22 which runs in a threaded nut 23 connected to the piston 18.
  • the threaded spindle 22 is rotationally driven by means of an electric motor 24 via a coupling 25.
  • For the spindle guide bearings 26, 27 are provided in a bearing block 28 within the cylinder 19.
  • this can run the guide tube in a guide 30 and thus prevent tilting of the piston 18.
  • the piston movement or its drive can be assisted by a helical spring 31 in one working direction.
  • the helical spring 31 is designed as a compression spring, which is supported on the block 28 and on the piston 18, the piston movement 18 is assisted during compression in the working space 20. Accordingly, the spindle drive must perform additional work on expansion into the working space 20 and movement of the piston 18 in the direction of the arrow 32 to compress the spring 31.
  • the spring can be useful for balancing the requirements of the drive and the mechanical load of the drive.
  • the positive stroke, in the upper right quadrant, is equivalent to a piston movement in the direction of the arrow 42.
  • the movement of the piston in the direction of the arrow 42 is equivalent to the generation of an overpressure using a positive pressure force.
  • the suction or negative pressure phase is also shown to the right in the lower right quadrant. This corresponds to an increase in the working space volume 20 upon movement of the piston in the direction of the arrow 32 in FIG Fig. 3 ,
  • a pressure of typically 100 mm / Hg is typically to be generated in the low pressure range, whereas up to 300 mm / Hg gauge pressure has to be generated during the overpressure phase.
  • FIG. 8 also shows the magnitude maximum load M acting on the drive elements (with the exception of the spring element) in a hatched, selected work area.
  • the workspace can be selected by selecting an initial stroke of the piston are selected. If the spring and the working range are selected appropriately, then the same maximum load for the drive chain without spring results in the compression and in the suction phase.
  • FIG. 6 shows the force curve of the applied by the motor driving force in the case that the highest possible compression pressure to be generated. This is the case, for example, with the operation of a cardiac assist system in infants requiring a higher pressure in the compression phase.
  • the driving force of the motor is then maximized in the compression phase and kept constant. In the suction phase, only the required to generate the negative pressure, lower force is applied.
  • the spring forces add up, so that acting as the total force on the piston diagram FIG. 7 results. If the pump is operated in the shaded area with the highest spring compression, the compression of the spring will have maximum effect and compression forces up to 166.9 N will be achieved.
  • the spring support decreases with the stroke to the right, as the spring relaxes.
  • the system can without exceeding the upper limit of 112 N engine power thanks to the spring support be operated in a much higher pressure range.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
EP09075367A 2009-08-13 2009-08-13 Dispositif d'entraînement pour le piston d'une pompe à fluide Withdrawn EP2295798A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09075367A EP2295798A1 (fr) 2009-08-13 2009-08-13 Dispositif d'entraînement pour le piston d'une pompe à fluide
PCT/EP2010/005110 WO2011018244A1 (fr) 2009-08-13 2010-08-13 Dispositif de pompe comportant un dispositif d'entraînement pour le piston d'une pompe à fluide
DE202010017609U DE202010017609U1 (de) 2009-08-13 2010-08-13 Pumpeneinrichtung mit einer Antriebseinrichtung für den Kolben einer Fluidpumpe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09075367A EP2295798A1 (fr) 2009-08-13 2009-08-13 Dispositif d'entraînement pour le piston d'une pompe à fluide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2295798A1 true EP2295798A1 (fr) 2011-03-16

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ID=41394975

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09075367A Withdrawn EP2295798A1 (fr) 2009-08-13 2009-08-13 Dispositif d'entraînement pour le piston d'une pompe à fluide

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2295798A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202010017609U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011018244A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104728088A (zh) * 2015-02-04 2015-06-24 苏州天荣能源环境科技有限公司 一种具有防液击功能的活塞压缩机

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012213293B4 (de) * 2012-07-27 2018-03-29 Pressure Wave Systems Gmbh Kompressorvorrichtung sowie eine damit ausgerüstete Kühlvorrichtung und eine damit ausgerüstete Kältemaschine
EP3536955A1 (fr) * 2018-03-08 2019-09-11 Berlin Heart GmbH Dispositif d'entraînement pour une pompe à fluide à membrane et procédé de fonctionnement

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB850991A (en) * 1957-08-30 1960-10-12 Stemple Hermetik G M B H Improvements in or relating to electrical oscillating piston compressors
DE2619324A1 (de) 1976-01-09 1977-07-21 Thermo Electron Corp Blutkreislaufstuetzungsvorrichtung und dabei verwendete steuervorrichtung
DD264380A1 (de) 1987-10-19 1989-02-01 Ilmenau Tech Hochschule Verfahren und vorrichtung zum antrieb einer assistblutpumpe
DE20307003U1 (de) 2003-05-05 2004-09-16 Deyerling, Karl-Wolfgang Kunstherzanordnung
US20050158191A1 (en) * 2004-01-21 2005-07-21 Innovative Mechanical Designs, Inc. Highly accurate pumping device
US20080134807A1 (en) * 2005-05-24 2008-06-12 Yves-Andre May Motorized pipette
US20080152515A1 (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Karg Jeffrey A Reciprocating antirotation pump

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB850991A (en) * 1957-08-30 1960-10-12 Stemple Hermetik G M B H Improvements in or relating to electrical oscillating piston compressors
DE2619324A1 (de) 1976-01-09 1977-07-21 Thermo Electron Corp Blutkreislaufstuetzungsvorrichtung und dabei verwendete steuervorrichtung
DD264380A1 (de) 1987-10-19 1989-02-01 Ilmenau Tech Hochschule Verfahren und vorrichtung zum antrieb einer assistblutpumpe
DE20307003U1 (de) 2003-05-05 2004-09-16 Deyerling, Karl-Wolfgang Kunstherzanordnung
US20050158191A1 (en) * 2004-01-21 2005-07-21 Innovative Mechanical Designs, Inc. Highly accurate pumping device
US20080134807A1 (en) * 2005-05-24 2008-06-12 Yves-Andre May Motorized pipette
US20080152515A1 (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Karg Jeffrey A Reciprocating antirotation pump

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104728088A (zh) * 2015-02-04 2015-06-24 苏州天荣能源环境科技有限公司 一种具有防液击功能的活塞压缩机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011018244A1 (fr) 2011-02-17
DE202010017609U1 (de) 2012-07-10

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