EP2290477B1 - Assembly for fixing the peripheral end of the hairspring of a device with balance wheel-hairspring for a timepiece - Google Patents
Assembly for fixing the peripheral end of the hairspring of a device with balance wheel-hairspring for a timepiece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2290477B1 EP2290477B1 EP09168602.2A EP09168602A EP2290477B1 EP 2290477 B1 EP2290477 B1 EP 2290477B1 EP 09168602 A EP09168602 A EP 09168602A EP 2290477 B1 EP2290477 B1 EP 2290477B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- balance
- spring
- stud
- channel
- hairspring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
- G04B17/325—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton for fastening the hairspring in a fixed position, e.g. using a block
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
- G04B18/02—Regulator or adjustment devices; Indexing devices, e.g. raquettes
- G04B18/023—Regulator or adjustment devices; Indexing devices, e.g. raquettes with means for fine adjustment of the indexing device
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne un ensemble de fixation de l'extrémité extérieure du spiral d'un dispositif à balancier-spiral pour pièce d'horlogerie. Elle concerne également un dispositif à balancier-spiral correspondant pour pièce d'horlogerie, ainsi que la pièce d'horlogerie associée.The invention relates to a fastening assembly for the outer end of the spiral of a sprung balance device for a timepiece. It also relates to a corresponding sprung balance device for a timepiece, as well as the associated timepiece.
Dans une montre mécanique, il est d'usage d'utiliser un organe régulateur comportant un dispositif à balancier-spiral. De façon classique, l'extrémité interne du spiral est fixée à une virole prévue sur l'axe de pivotement du balancier. Afin de fixer et positionner l'extrémité extérieure du spiral, il est connu d'utiliser un porte-piton logeant un piton, en association avec une vis de serrage permettant de serrer le piton contre la portion du spiral engagée dans le porte-piton. Dans un tel ensemble, le porte-piton est classiquement fixé à un coq servant également à fixer une des extrémités de l'axe du balancier. En pratique, lors du montage et/ou du réglage, les manipulations à effectuer avec ces différents éléments sont délicates, car l'accès est restreint et les pièces sont de très petites dimensions. En outre, avec de telles configurations, il est courant que la vis de serrage du spiral ou le porte-piton se détache, et/ou soit perdu lors d'une manipulation telle que l'ajustement de la longueur active du spiral.In a mechanical watch, it is customary to use a regulating member comprising a sprung balance device. Conventionally, the inner end of the hairspring is fixed to a ferrule provided on the axis of pivoting of the balance. In order to fix and position the outer end of the hairspring, it is known to use a peg holder housing a pin, in combination with a clamping screw for tightening the bolt against the portion of the hairspring engaged in the bolt carrier. In such an assembly, the bolt carrier is conventionally attached to a cock also serving to fix one end of the axis of the balance. In practice, during assembly and / or adjustment, the manipulations to be performed with these various elements are delicate because access is restricted and the parts are very small. In addition, with such configurations, it is common for the spiral clamping screw or peg holder to come loose, and / or be lost during handling such as adjusting the active length of the hairspring.
Un ensemble de fixation de l'extrémité extérieure du spiral d'un dispositif à balancier-spiral de l'art antérieur est par exemple décrit dans le document
Pour éviter de tels inconvénients, notamment pour faciliter la mise en place et les ajustements de la longueur active du spiral et ainsi minimiser les manipulations délicates à effectuer, l'invention prévoit divers moyens.To avoid such drawbacks, in particular to facilitate the introduction and adjustments of the active length of the hairspring and thus minimize the delicate manipulations to be performed, the invention provides various means.
L'invention prévoit tout d'abord un ensemble de fixation de l'extrémité extérieure du spiral d'un dispositif à balancier-spiral pour pièce d'horlogerie tel que défini par la revendication 1 du brevet.The invention firstly provides a fastening assembly of the outer end of the spiral of a sprung balance device for a timepiece as defined by claim 1 of the patent.
Un tel dispositif permet de faciliter la mise en place et l'ajustement de la longueur active du spiral. Cette facilité de manipulation permet par ailleurs l'obtention d'un ajustement plus fin de la longueur active.Such a device makes it easier to set up and adjust the active length of the hairspring. This ease of handling also makes it possible to obtain a finer adjustment of the active length.
L'invention prévoit également un dispositif à balancier-spiral pour pièce d'horlogerie tel que défini par la revendication 6 du brevetThe invention also provides a sprung balance device for a timepiece as defined by claim 6 of the patent
Selon l'invention, la vis de serrage comporte un pointeau prévu dans le prolongement du corps fileté, à l'opposée de la tête de vis, et le piton comporte un logement dans lequel le pointeau est susceptible d'être inséré.According to the invention, the clamping screw comprises a needle provided in the extension of the threaded body, opposite the screw head, and the stud has a housing in which the needle is insertable.
Le taraudage du porte-piton est de préférence orienté selon un axe sensiblement radial par rapport à l'axe de virole, et pratiqué du côté éloigné du canal par rapport à l'axe de la virole, la face d'appui du canal étant prévue sensiblement en face du taraudage.The tapping of the bolt carrier is preferably oriented along a substantially radial axis with respect to the ferrule axis, and made on the side remote from the channel relative to the axis of the ferrule, the bearing face of the channel being provided substantially opposite the tapping.
Selon encore un mode de réalisation avantageux, le canal de fixation du spiral est convexe, avec un centre de courbure sensiblement correspondant à l'axe du spiral. Grâce à cette caractéristique, les rayons de courbure de la portion de spiral à fixer et du canal sont sensiblement correspondants, pour un assemblage plus aisé et plus précis.According to yet another advantageous embodiment, the hanger of the hairspring is convex, with a center of curvature substantially corresponding to the axis of the hairspring. With this feature, the radii of curvature of the spiral portion to be fixed and the channel are substantially corresponding, for easier assembly and more accurate.
Dans une variante, le piton est pourvu d'un patin anti-frottement disposé sur la face du piton prévue pour coopérer avec le spiral. La présence d'un tel élément permet de faciliter le glissement longitudinal et l'ajustement du spiral.In a variant, the stud is provided with an anti-friction pad disposed on the face of the stud designed to cooperate with the hairspring. The presence of such an element makes it possible to facilitate the longitudinal sliding and the adjustment of the hairspring.
L'invention prévoit par ailleurs une montre comportant un ensemble de fixation tel que préalablement présenté.
- L'invention prévoit également un procédé de fixation de l'extrémité périphérique d'un spiral dans un dispositif à balancier-spiral pour pièce d'horlogerie comportant un porte-piton fixé à un coq tel que défini par la
revendication 8 du brevet.
- The invention also provides a method of fixing the peripheral end of a hairspring in a sprung balance device for a timepiece comprising a peg holder fixed to a cock as defined by
claim 8 of the patent.
Tous les détails de réalisation sont donnés dans la description qui suit, complétée par les
- La
figure 1 est une vue de dessus montrant un dispositif balancier-spiral dont l'axe est fixé à un coq sur lequel est prévu un porte-piton; - La
figure 2 est une coupe axiale du porte-piton de lafigure 1 .
- The
figure 1 is a top view showing a sprung-balance device whose axis is fixed to a cock on which is provided a bolt carrier; - The
figure 2 is an axial section of the doorpost of thefigure 1 .
La
Le coq 5 sert par ailleurs de support à un porte-piton 2 destiné à la fixation de l'extrémité extérieure du spiral 1. Le coq 5 supporte aussi une raquette 8, prévue pour coopérer avec la spire extérieure du spiral 1, en amont de l'extrémité à fixer.The cock 5 also serves as a support for a
Dans l'exemple illustré aux
Le canal 3 permet de loger au moins une portion du piton 10. Le piton est prévu mobile radialement et latéralement dans le canal 3. Un tel montage mobile permet de fixer l'extrémité du spiral 1 par serrage et de réaliser son positionnement précis dans le canal, de façon à régler la longueur active du spiral. Le piton 10 comporte une forme adaptée à celle du canal 3 et à celle du spiral 1, de façon à offrir une bonne surface de contact entre le piton et la face adjacente du spiral.The
Le piton 10 est maintenu en place dans le canal 3 par la vis 11 de serrage et d'ajustement. Cette vis offre une double fonction: elle permet d'assurer le maintien en place du piton 10 dans le canal 3 avant le serrage du spiral et d'ajuster le taux ou niveau de serrage du spiral 1, en permettant de pousser le spiral contre une face d'appui 7 du canal 3. Dans l'exemple illustré, en vissant la vis 11, le piton 10 est repoussé contre la face d'appui 7, suivant une force déterminée par le taux de serrage/desserrage de la vis 11. En dévissant la vis 11, la force de serrage s'atténue jusqu'à ce que le spiral soit libre de coulisser dans le canal 3, en fonction du niveau de desserrage.The
La fonction de maintien du piton 10 par la vis de serrage 11 est assurée par un pointeau 15 prévu dans le prolongement du corps fileté 12 de la vis. Un logement 16, prévu dans le piton 10, du coté opposé à celui prévu pour entrer en contact avec le spiral, permet l'insertion du pointeau 15.The function of holding the
Grâce à cette liaison entre le piton 10 et la vis 11, qui par l'intermédiaire du pointeau 15 pénètre librement dans le logement 16, le piton 10 peut être aisément maintenu dans le canal 3 sans risquer d'être perdu. Ainsi, l'horloger peut se concentrer sur le positionnement de la spire extérieure du spiral 3 sur le porte piton avant le serrage de la vis sans se soucier de perdre le piton et/ou la vis. Cette configuration permet donc un montage sûr et rapide.Thanks to this connection between the
Le pointeau 15 est aménagé en continuité du corps fileté 12, les deux éléments formant de préférence une seule et même pièce, obtenue par exemple par usinage ou par tout autre moyen de fabrication permettant d'obtenir un niveau de précision en adéquation avec ce type de mécanisme.The
Le piton 10 illustré à la
Pour mettre en oeuvre le dispositif de l'invention on procède de la façon suivante :
- On dispose le
piton 10 dans lecanal 3. - On aligne ensuite le
logement 16 dupiton 10 avec le trou taraudé 14. - On dispose l'extrémité extérieure du spiral dans ledit canal, radialement intérieurement par rapport au piton.
- On insère la vis de serrage dans ledit taraudage de façon à permettre l'insertion du pointeau 15 dans le logement 16 et de façon à permettre un coulissement latéral de l'extrémité extérieure du spiral dans le
canal 3. - On ajuste la position latérale de l'extrémité du spiral dans son emplacement de fixation de façon à régler la longueur active du spiral et on serre complètement la vis de serrage de façon à empêcher tout coulissement latéral de l'extrémité du spiral dans le canal.
-
Piton 10 is placed inchannel 3. - The
housing 16 of thestud 10 is then aligned with the tappedhole 14. - It has the outer end of the hairspring in said channel, radially inwardly relative to the peak.
- The clamping screw is inserted into said tapping so as to allow the
needle 15 to be inserted into thehousing 16 and to allow lateral sliding of the outer end of the spiral in thechannel 3. - The lateral position of the end of the hairspring is adjusted in its attachment location so as to adjust the active length of the hairspring and the clamping screw is fully tightened so as to prevent any lateral sliding of the hairspring end into the channel.
Pour insérer la portion d'extrémité extérieure du spiral 1 dans le canal 3 ou pour modifier sa position longitudinale dans le canal, la vis 11 de serrage est tournée de façon à ce que le piton 10 dégage l'espace prévu pour le spiral dans le canal 3. Le spiral est ensuite placé et/ou sa position longitudinale ajustée. Pour assurer un maintien de cette position, la vis 11 est tournée de façon à pousser le piton 10 contre le spiral qui se trouve bloqué par la face d'appui 7, jusqu'à obtention d'un serrage suffisant pour éviter tout glissement du spiral dans le canal.To insert the outer end portion of the hairspring 1 into the
Les figures et leurs descriptions faites ci-dessus illustrent l'invention plutôt qu'elles ne la limitent. En particulier, l'invention et ses différentes variantes viennent d'être décrites en relation avec un exemple particulier comportant un piton occupant toute la largeur du canal 3 et une vis de serrage 11 avec une position axiale par rapport au porte-piton 2. Néanmoins, il est évident pour un homme du métier que l'invention, qui est définie par les revendications annexées, peut être étendue à d'autres modes de réalisation dans lesquels le piton est configuré autrement, et/ou la vis de serrage prévue dans une autre position par rapport à l'axe du porte-piton.The figures and their descriptions made above illustrate the invention rather than limiting it. In particular, the invention and its various variants have just been described in connection with a particular example having a peak occupying the entire width of the
Les signes de références dans les revendications n'ont aucun caractère limitatif. Les verbes "comprendre" et "comporter" n'excluent pas la présence d'autres éléments que ceux listés dans les revendications. Le mot "un" précédant un élément n'exclue pas la présence d'une pluralité de tels éléments.The reference signs in the claims are not limiting in nature. The verbs "to understand" and "to include" do not exclude the presence other elements than those listed in the claims. The word "a" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.
Claims (7)
- Assembly for securing the peripheral end of the balance-spring (1) of a sprung balance device for a timepiece, including:- a balance-spring stud holder (2), secured to a balance-cock (5) and positioned to enable the outer end of the balance-spring (1) to be fixed in a channel (3) in the stud holder (2), and devised to house a stud (10) against which the balance-spring (1) can be locked;- a screw (11) for locking the balance-spring stud, which comprises a threaded body (12) for assembly inside an inner thread (14) of the stud holder that opens onto the channel (3) and which pushes the stud (10) towards a back face (7) of the channel (3) and allows the balance-spring (1) to be secured by insertion between the stud (10) and said back face (7) of the channel characterized in that the locking screw (11) having a tip (15) in the extension of the threaded body (12), at the opposite end to the screw head; characterized in that the stud (10) has a housing (16) arranged to be aligned with said inner thread (14), and into which the tip (15) can be inserted to allow the stud to be maintained in place in the channel before tightening the balance spring.
- Securing assembly according to claim 1, wherein the inner thread of the stud holder (14) is oriented along an approximately radial axis relative to the axis of the collet (4), and is made on the side furthest from the channel (3) relative to the collet axis, the back face (7) of the channel being approximately opposite the inner thread (14).
- Securing assembly according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the balance-spring stud (10) is provided with an anti-friction pad (18) arranged on the surface of the stud that cooperates with the balance-spring (1).
- Securing assembly according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the channel for securing the balance-spring (1) is convex, with a centre of curvature that approximately matches the axis of the balance-spring.
- Watch including a securing assembly according to any of claims 1 to 4.
- Sprung balance device for a timepiece including:• a balance-spring (1) capable of generating an oscillating movement in a balance (6) that is pivotably mounted on a balance staff;• a balance-cock (5) used as a support for one of the ends of the balance staff;• a collet (4) fixed the balance staff for securing the inner end of the balance-spring (1); said device being characterized in that it comprises a securing assembly for the peripheral end of the balance-spring according to any of claims 1 to 4.
- Method of securing the peripheral end of a balance-spring (1) in a sprung balance device for a timepiece including a balance-spring stud holder (2) secured to a balance-cock (5) and said stud holder being provided, on the one hand, with a channel (3) devised for housing a balance-spring stud (10) and, on the other hand, with an inner thread (14) that opens onto the channel (3), said method including the steps of:• arranging the balance-spring stud (10) in the channel (3), a housing (16) having previously been made in the stud,• aligning the housing (16) of the balance-spring stud (10) with the inner thread (14) of the stud holder (2);• inserting a locking screw (11) that has a tip (15) in the extension of the threaded body (12) at the opposite end to the screw head, in said inner thread (14);• arranging the peripheral end of the balance-spring (1) in said channel (3), radially inside the balance-spring stud (10);• partially tightening the screw (11) so as to allow insertion of the tip (15) in the housing (16) and so as to allow the outer end of the balance-spring to slide laterally in the channel (3);• adjusting the lateral position of the end of the balance-spring in its fixed place so as to regulate the active length of the balance-spring;• completely tightening the screw (11) so as to prevent any lateral sliding of the outer end of the balance-spring in the channel (3).
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09168602.2A EP2290477B1 (en) | 2009-08-25 | 2009-08-25 | Assembly for fixing the peripheral end of the hairspring of a device with balance wheel-hairspring for a timepiece |
US12/854,689 US8297833B2 (en) | 2009-08-25 | 2010-08-11 | Assembly for securing the outer end of the balance-spring of a sprung balance device for a timepiece |
CN201010267323.9A CN101995811B (en) | 2009-08-25 | 2010-08-24 | Assembly for fixing the peripheral end of the hairspring of device with balance wheel-hairspring for timepiece |
JP2010188243A JP5249292B2 (en) | 2009-08-25 | 2010-08-25 | Assembling for the outer end of the balance wheel spring of the balance device with a spring for a watch |
HK11110176.2A HK1155823A1 (en) | 2009-08-25 | 2011-09-27 | Assembly for securing the outer end of the balance-spring of a timepiece sprung balance device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09168602.2A EP2290477B1 (en) | 2009-08-25 | 2009-08-25 | Assembly for fixing the peripheral end of the hairspring of a device with balance wheel-hairspring for a timepiece |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2290477A1 EP2290477A1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
EP2290477B1 true EP2290477B1 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
Family
ID=41538308
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09168602.2A Active EP2290477B1 (en) | 2009-08-25 | 2009-08-25 | Assembly for fixing the peripheral end of the hairspring of a device with balance wheel-hairspring for a timepiece |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8297833B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2290477B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5249292B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101995811B (en) |
HK (1) | HK1155823A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9151351B2 (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2015-10-06 | Controls International, Inc. | Adjustable fail-safe rotary spring operator with a retaining band |
EP2876504B1 (en) | 2013-11-20 | 2017-07-26 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Screwless clock stud holder |
EP2876505B1 (en) | 2013-11-20 | 2018-11-14 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Clock stud holder with screw |
JP6710041B2 (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2020-06-17 | ロレックス・ソシエテ・アノニムRolex Sa | Balancing spring fixing system |
EP3037896B1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-05-10 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Detachable stud support |
EP3037895B1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-09-20 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Detachable stud support |
GB2539922B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-07-19 | Kinetrol Ltd | Spring return device |
EP3273310A1 (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-01-24 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Regulator key |
GB2598095B (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2024-03-06 | Kinetrol Ltd | Spring return device |
EP4006649A1 (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-06-01 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Attachment device for adjusting the movement of a balance |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH170A (en) | 1889-01-26 | Wilhelm Doerge | Chalk holder | |
US221180A (en) * | 1879-08-19 | 1879-11-04 | Improvement in hair-spring studs | |
US362559A (en) * | 1886-08-28 | 1887-05-10 | Screw-clamp pin for watch-regulators | |
US2698509A (en) * | 1951-11-23 | 1955-01-04 | Rhodes Inc M H | Balance spring for clockwork mechanisms |
US2982086A (en) * | 1957-12-26 | 1961-05-02 | Loretan Edouard | Regulating device for a timepiece having a balance and hairspring |
US3241307A (en) * | 1961-11-17 | 1966-03-22 | Hubert E Dickerman | Timepiece regulating means |
FR1313030A (en) * | 1962-01-31 | 1962-12-21 | Parechoc Sa | Rack for timepieces |
US3154912A (en) * | 1963-01-22 | 1964-11-03 | Pinkas David | Means for mounting and regulating the outer end of a spiral spring |
CH401836A (en) * | 1963-10-28 | 1966-05-14 | Erismann Schinz S A | Clamping device for the outer end of a timepiece hairspring |
CH499803A (en) * | 1968-08-09 | 1970-07-31 | Parechoc Sa | Rack for timepieces |
CH534909A (en) * | 1969-12-17 | 1972-11-30 | Portescap | Device for fixing the outer end of a balance spring of a clockwork balance |
CH520966A (en) * | 1970-01-02 | 1972-05-15 | Depraz Faure S A | Device for fixing the outer end of a spiral spring to the cock of a clockwork movement |
JPS5282453A (en) | 1975-12-29 | 1977-07-09 | Seiko Epson Corp | Outer end fixing structure for balance springs |
CN2149644Y (en) * | 1992-10-29 | 1993-12-15 | 大连手表工业公司 | Mechanism for fixing stud of a wrist watch |
JPH0643591U (en) * | 1992-11-17 | 1994-06-10 | シチズン時計株式会社 | Register ring mounting structure for wristwatch |
US6612734B1 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2003-09-02 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Mechanical timepiece with stud adjustment mechanism |
EP1437634A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-14 | Glashütter Uhrenbetrieb GmbH | Device for fine adjustment of a sprung balance |
-
2009
- 2009-08-25 EP EP09168602.2A patent/EP2290477B1/en active Active
-
2010
- 2010-08-11 US US12/854,689 patent/US8297833B2/en active Active
- 2010-08-24 CN CN201010267323.9A patent/CN101995811B/en active Active
- 2010-08-25 JP JP2010188243A patent/JP5249292B2/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-09-27 HK HK11110176.2A patent/HK1155823A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5249292B2 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
CN101995811A (en) | 2011-03-30 |
CN101995811B (en) | 2015-01-07 |
EP2290477A1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
US8297833B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 |
HK1155823A1 (en) | 2012-05-25 |
US20110051565A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
JP2011047941A (en) | 2011-03-10 |
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