EP2283902B1 - Extinguishing apparatus and method for local fire-fighting - Google Patents

Extinguishing apparatus and method for local fire-fighting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2283902B1
EP2283902B1 EP10015115.8A EP10015115A EP2283902B1 EP 2283902 B1 EP2283902 B1 EP 2283902B1 EP 10015115 A EP10015115 A EP 10015115A EP 2283902 B1 EP2283902 B1 EP 2283902B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
extinguishing
water
extinguishing agent
pressure
extinguishing water
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EP10015115.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2283902A1 (en
Inventor
Hasso von Blücher
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Bluecher GmbH
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Bluecher GmbH
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an extinguishing device and a method for local firefighting outside of buildings at the location of a fire with the preamble features of claim 1 or of claim 5 or of patent claim 7.
  • a quenching device which is designed for local firefighting outside of buildings at the location of a fire.
  • the known extinguishing device has a movable extinguishing unit having at least one extinguishing agent container.
  • the extinguishing agent container is a manually operable Hoch Kunststoffsprüh
  • at least one pressure generating device for discharging extinguishing agent via the Hoch réellesprüh is provided, wherein the pressure generating means for generating a discharge pressure of the extinguishing agent of at least 10 formed bar and the extinguishing agent can be discharged as a spray.
  • the extinguishing agent may be a mixture of extinguishing water with at least one extinguishing water additive.
  • the US 2006/0213565 A1 discloses an extinguishing system for discharging preferably foamy extinguishing agent.
  • the extinguishing agent consists of extinguishing water and an extinguishing water additive, which is added to the extinguishing water immediately before discharge.
  • aqueous system comprising a sodium or potassium ion-containing aqueous phase in which hydration-swollen gel particles are dispersed as individual polyanionic macromolecules of moderately crosslinked, water-insoluble acrylic acid copolymers as extinguishing water.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an extinguishing device and an extinguishing method of the aforementioned type in each case, which enable local firefighting outside of buildings at the location of a fire with high efficiency and are easy to handle.
  • Another object of the present invention is the inventive method for local firefighting outside of buildings at the site of a fire source according to claim 5; Further, advantageous developments and refinements are the subject of the relevant subclaim.
  • the extinguishing device comprises at least one moveable extinguishing agent container having movable Erlösheitheit, at least one fluidkommunipreparingd connected to the extinguishing agent, manually operable Hoch Kunststoffsprüh worn with at least one extinguishing nozzle and at least one pressure generating device for discharging extinguishing agent on the high-pressure spraying on the fire, wherein the pressure generating means for generating a discharge pressure of the extinguishing agent of at least 10 bar, preferably up to 1500 bar, in particular between 20 to 200 bar, is formed. Accordingly, it is provided in the inventive method that the extinguishing agent is discharged at high pressure.
  • the invention is based on this point, first of all the basic idea, the quenching unit with the extinguishing agent container movable form, so that it can be driven in the immediate vicinity of a fire.
  • This is compared to the previously known portable Löhne fraud a larger fluid reservoir for extinguishing agent at the location of the source of fire at your disposal.
  • the method of erasing unit can be done in the simplest case with muscle power. In principle, however, it is also possible to provide a motor drive for off-road operation.
  • the removal of the extinguishing agent from the extinguishing agent container via the high-pressure spraying device which is preferably carried and operated by a firefighter.
  • the high-pressure spraying device is connected in a fluid-communicating manner with the extinguishing agent container, wherein the desired high-pressure is generated by means of the pressure-generating device.
  • the pressure generating device may comprise at least one (high pressure) pump.
  • a plurality of high-pressure spraying devices can also be connected to a quenching unit. It is equally possible that the pressure generating device is integrated into the Hochdrucksprüh worn, so that the erase unit is provided only as an extinguishant memory.
  • the discharge of the extinguishing agent under high pressure makes it possible to extinguish embers or high-efficiency fires.
  • the extinguishing agent is discharged in the form of a finely dispersed mist or spray, which also contributes to an improved extinguishing effect.
  • the combination of high-pressure technology and high-jet nozzle enables a particularly fine atomization of the extinguishing agent.
  • the small droplets evaporate completely, thereby removing the maximum amount of energy from the fire. In practice, this results in an optimal extinguishing effect of the water used. By changing the extinguishing nozzles or by simply turning a jet adjustment can be achieved from the spray to the full jet.
  • the opening angle of the spray cone generated by an extinguishing nozzle is less than 15 °, preferably less than 10 °. With even smaller opening angle, it is also possible in principle to discharge the extinguishing agent as a full jet.
  • the extinguishing agent is water.
  • the extinguishing agent may also have at least one hydrophilic, swellable component, wherein, preferably, the component should be dispersible in water.
  • swellable polymers for example polyacrylate-based or polymethacrylate-based and / or based on the modifications, can be added to the extinguishing water as extinguishing water additives.
  • Hydrophilic swellable materials that can be used as extinguishing agents, for example, from DE 35 15 865 A1 and the DE 38 14 751 A1 each known to the applicant.
  • At least two extinguishing agent containers are provided, wherein a first extinguishing agent container for receiving extinguishing water and a second extinguishing agent container for receiving the extinguishing water additive is provided.
  • a concentrate of superabsorbent polymer particles may be contained in the second extinguishing agent container as the extinguishing water additive, wherein the polymer particles are slightly pre-swollen with water and prevented from further absorption of water by introduction into an organic phase.
  • Firesorb® is a liquid polymer preparation that can absorb many times more water. This forms a heat-shielding gel that adheres even to ceilings and vertical walls. Due to its high toughness (viscosity), the Firesorb® gel only flows very slowly away from burning material and therefore remains extinguishing for longer. The protective film absorbs the heat of combustion at the surface, under which the air-closing function remains. Water added with Firesorb® acts as a liquid fire blanket, stifling the fire by closing the air and providing cooling. Firesorb® is a concentrate of superabsorbent polymer particles that are slightly pre-swollen with water. By incorporation into a special, biodegradable oil, the polymers are prevented from further water absorption. In this form, the additive is very easy to transport and handle.
  • the extinguishing agent from a mixture of extinguishing water with a concentrate of the type described above is available as extinguishing water additive.
  • a mixing device In order to mix the extinguishing water and the extinguishing water additive, a mixing device is provided, wherein the extinguishing water and the extinguishing water additive are preferably supplied separately to the extinguishing nozzle and mixed together only immediately before the discharge of the extinguishing agent.
  • the water binding of superabsorbent polymer particles accelerates considerably. Here it must be ensured that the swelling does not hinder the discharge. This requires a corresponding design of the extinguishing nozzle. In principle, however, it can also be provided to discharge the extinguishing water and the extinguishing water additive via separate extinguishing nozzles simultaneously or via the same extinguishing nozzles in succession.
  • the extinguishing water additive can be further provided to discharge the extinguishing water finely distributed in the form of a mist, while the extinguishing water additive less finely distributed is discharged with larger liquid droplets.
  • the extinguishing water additive is superabsorbent polymer particles in the gel state, they lay over the source of fire like a carpet, so that it is suffocated.
  • the finely distributed extinguishing water evaporates completely, thus removing a large amount of heat from the fire.
  • the discharge quantity of the extinguishing agent should be between 100 and 2,500 l / h, preferably between 500 and 1,600 l / h.
  • the first extinguishing agent container for the extinguishing water can have a filling volume of at least 50 l, in particular between 100 and 500 l.
  • the second extinguishing agent container for the extinguishing water additive preferably has a smaller volume.
  • the filling volume of the first and / or the second extinguishing agent container also correspondingly to be taller. It is important that the filling volume of the or the extinguishing agent container allows a method of Löhneheit in the field.
  • a power supply device arranged in the erase unit can be provided for the power supply independently of a deletion train or a stationary power supply line, it being possible for the energy supply device to have at least one rechargeable battery as an energy store.
  • the energy supply device At the location of an accumulator, a preferably gasoline-powered generator can be used.
  • the extinguishing agent should be discharged for a period of 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 2 to 5 minutes.
  • it may be provided to deliver the extinguishing agent clocked, with a predetermined amount of the extinguishing agent is discharged in short sprays each.
  • a corresponding control device can be provided.
  • the discharge of the extinguishing agent can also be controlled manually.
  • the invention makes it possible, if necessary, to combine the features mentioned in the claims and / or the features described with reference to the drawing, even if this is not described in detail. Also, a combination of previously described features of local firefighting in extinguishing devices, with features of such extinguishing devices are designed for local firefighting outside of buildings, is possible.
  • the above value specifications and the specified intervals in each case capture all values, ie not just the lower limits or at intervals the interval limits, without this requiring an explicit mention.
  • Fig. 1 is schematically illustrated an extinguishing device 1 designed for local fire fighting in buildings at the site or in the immediate vicinity of a fire.
  • the extinguishing device 1 has a nozzle device 2 with a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 3, designed for the discharge of extinguishing agent 4 only at the location or in the immediate vicinity of the fire and for decentralized arrangement in a building, not shown.
  • the discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 is in Fig. 1 shown schematically only for a single extinguishing nozzle 3. It is understood that in case of fire from a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 3, preferably from all extinguishing nozzles 3, the extinguishing agent 4 is discharged.
  • the nozzle device 2 is an integral part of a quenching unit designed as extinguishing column 5, which in the illustrated embodiment 2 extinguishing agent container 6, 7 and a pressure generating device 8 and a mixing device 9 has.
  • a plurality of fire sensors 10 are provided for the detection of a fire, which are set to a particular combined optics, smoke, CO, temperature indication.
  • the data recorded by the fire alarm sensors 10 are transmitted to a control device not shown in detail, wherein the control device in response to the received signals causes the activation of a deletion function. After activation of the deletion function is a release of extinguishing agent 4 via the extinguishing nozzles 3.
  • the control device may be integrated in addition to a telecommunication function for transmitting a message to a given recipient.
  • the fire detection sensors 10 are arranged as well as the extinguishing nozzles 3 distributed over a housing 11 of the erase unit 5.
  • the extinguishing agent 4 is obtainable from a mixture of extinguishing water 12 and at least one extinguishing water additive 13, wherein the extinguishing water additive 13 is a gel-like concentrate of at least one water-preswollen polymer in an organic phase.
  • the extinguishing water 12 is stored in the first extinguishing agent container 6 and the extinguishing water additive 13 in the second extinguishing agent container 7.
  • extinguishing water 12 and extinguishing water additive 13 is sucked out in a predetermined mixing ratio and passed to the mixing device 9.
  • the pressure generating device 8 generates the discharge pressure of the extinguishing agent 4 required for discharging the extinguishing agent 4 via the extinguishing nozzles 3 of at least 10 bar, preferably up to 1,500 bar, in particular between 20 and 200 bar. In a further preferred embodiment, a discharge pressure of about 40 bar is generated.
  • the pressure generating device 8 which may be a pump in the simplest case, is connected via pressure lines 14 with the extinguishing nozzles 3 on the one hand and via suction lines 15a-c to the mixing device 9 and the two extinguishing agent containers 6, 7.
  • the extinguishing agent 4 In case of fire, it comes to the discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 under pressure, the extinguishing agent 4 is discharged as a spray.
  • the high-pressure discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 allows a particularly fine atomization of the extinguishing agent. In practice, this results in an optimal extinguishing effect of the extinguishing agent used 4.
  • the room temperature level in the surrounding area of the fire is very quickly lowered and soot and suspended particles from the ambient air washed out. Thus, the visibility in a fire-exposed room is positively influenced.
  • the low extinguishing agent consumption with maximum effectiveness ensures cost-effective protection of the building inventory in a very short period of time within which a fire can be completely extinguished.
  • the extinguishing water additive 13 contains superabsorbent polymer particles which are slightly pre-swollen with water. The inclusion in a special, biodegradable oil, the polymers are prevented from further water absorption. In this form, the extinguishing water additive 13 is very easy to transport and handle. Once the extinguishing water additive 13 is mixed in the mixing device 9 with the extinguishing water 12, it comes to re-water binding, which can be further enhanced by stirring or pumping this effect. At the in Fig.
  • extinguishing nozzles 3 can be provided for the extinguishing water 12 on the one hand and further extinguishing nozzles 3 for the extinguishing water additive 13 on the other hand and designed accordingly.
  • the fire detection sensors 10 may be formed such that not only the occurrence of a fire, but also the Alignment to the deletion unit 5 is passed as control information to the controller. Depending on which side of the fire is localized, then the discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 takes place only on one or the other side or on the outside of the fire extinguishing unit 5.
  • the extinguishing nozzles are the third preferably uniformly distributed over the housing wall 11 of the Löhneheit 5, wherein the extinguishing nozzles 3 extend in the illustrated embodiment over the entire upper half of the housing 11. Moreover, a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 3 are provided on an upper end face 16 of the housing wall 11. As a result, the extinguishing agent discharge over the entire outer surface including the upper end face 16 of the Löscheheit 5 done, where it is in principle also possible that extinguishing nozzles 3 are also provided in the lower half of the housing 11.
  • an energy supply device is provided in the deleting unit 5, wherein the energy supply device has at least one rechargeable battery as an energy store for operating the pressure generating device 8.
  • the extinguishing unit designed as extinguishing column 5 can be arranged as required transportable or even stationary in the building.
  • an extinguishing device 17 is shown, which is designed for local firefighting outside of buildings at the site or in the immediate vicinity of a fire.
  • the extinguishing device 17 has a schematically represented moveable extinguishing unit 18 and at least one high-pressure spraying unit 19 shown schematically.
  • a first extinguishing agent container 20 for extinguishing water 21 and a second extinguishing agent container 22 for an extinguishing water additive 23 are disposed within the deleting unit 18.
  • the extinguishing water additive 23 corresponds to the extinguishing water additive 13, which at the in Fig. 1 shown erasing device 1 is used.
  • the erasing unit 18 has a pressure generating device 24 and a mixing device 25.
  • the pressure generating device 24 which is a high-pressure pump, the necessary discharge pressure for an extinguishing agent 26 is established, the extinguishing agent 26 is obtainable by mixing extinguishing water 21 with the extinguishing water additive 23 in a predetermined mixing ratio in the mixing device 25.
  • a metered addition of 1 to 10%, in particular of 2% to 3%, of the fire-extinguishing water 21 is provided.
  • the extinguishing water 21 and the extinguishing water additive 23 is sucked to the mixing device 25 by the pressure generating device 24 via suction lines 27a and 27b.
  • the extinguishing agent 26 is then fed via the further suction line 27c and a pressure line 28 to a extinguishing nozzle 29 of the high-pressure spraying device 19.
  • the discharge of the extinguishing agent 26 takes place in the form of a spray under high pressure, resulting in the in connection with the in Fig. 1 shown erasing device 1 results in the deletion process.
  • the Hochdrucksprüh worn 19 is manually carried by a firefighter and operable so that the spray of the extinguishing agent 26 can be targeted to the location of a source of fire aligned.
  • the erasing unit 18 has an energy supply device with at least one accumulator as an energy store for the pressure generating device 24.
  • the power supply device may also have a generator.
  • extinguishing device 17 makes it possible to transport a larger quantity of extinguishing water to the location of a fire and using the high-pressure spraying device 19 to discharge the extinguishing water 21 together with the extinguishing water additive 23, so that in particular embers and burns can be effectively combated.

Abstract

The device (1) has a jet part (2) having several of discharging nozzles (3) containing discharging devices (5) and which are trained to discharge at the place of fire having a decentralized arrangement in the building. The discharge nozzle has a fluid interaction area arranged with associated extinguishing containers (6, 7). A gas pressure production facility (8) is provided to discharge of fire-extinguishing (4) on the nozzles, and a fire alarm sensor (10). The facility (8) produces extinguishing gas to smother a fire and is under a pressure of 10 bar. An independent claim is included for a and extinguishing system.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Löschvorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung außerhalb von Gebäuden am Ort eines Brandherdes mit den Oberbegriffsmerkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 bzw. des Patentanspruchs 5 bzw. des Patentanspruchs 7.The invention relates to an extinguishing device and a method for local firefighting outside of buildings at the location of a fire with the preamble features of claim 1 or of claim 5 or of patent claim 7.

Bei der Brandbekämpfung im offenen Gelände, beispielsweise bei der Waldbrandbekämpfung, kommen neben Löschflugzeugen und kompletten Feuerlöschzügen oft kleinere mobile Löscheinheiten zum Einsatz, insbesondere wenn es um die Bekämpfung von Glutnestern bzw. Brandnestern geht. Diese mobilen Löscheinheiten bestehen aus einem Vorratsbehälter, der sich auf dem Rücken tragen läßt, und einer Sprüheinrichtung zum Versprühen von in dem Vorratsbehälter gespeichertem Löschwasser auf Brand- bzw. Glutnester. Dies ist jedoch nur wenig wirksam, da zum einen die Löschwassermenge begrenzt ist und zum anderen auf diese Weise nur kleine Flächen mit dem Löschwasser benetzt werden können.When fighting fires in open terrain, for example in forest firefighting, in addition to fire fighting aircraft and complete fire extinguishers often smaller mobile fire fighting units are used, especially when it comes to fighting Glutnestern or fire nests. These mobile extinguishing units consist of a reservoir, which can be carried on the back, and a spray device for spraying extinguishing water stored in the reservoir on fire or Glutnester. However, this is only slightly effective because on the one hand, the amount of extinguishing water is limited and on the other hand, only small areas can be wetted with the fire water in this way.

Aus der WO 2006/085817 A ist eine Löschvorrichtung bekannt, die zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung außerhalb von Gebäuden am Ort eines Brandherdes ausgebildet ist. Die bekannte Löschvorrichtung weist eine wenigstens einen Löschmittelbehälter aufweisende verfahrbare Löscheinheit auf. Mit dem Löschmittelbehälter ist eine manuell betätigbare Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung mit wenigstens einer Löschdüse fluidkommunisierend verbunden. Darüber hinaus ist wenigstens eine Druckerzeugungseinrichtung zum Austrag von Löschmittel über die Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung vorgesehen, wobei die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Austragsdrucks des Löschmittels von wenigstens 10 bar ausgebildet und das Löschmittel als Sprühnebel austragbar ist. Bei dem Löschmittel kann es sich um eine Mischung von Löschwasser mit wenigstens einem Löschwasseradditiv handeln.From the WO 2006/085817 A a quenching device is known which is designed for local firefighting outside of buildings at the location of a fire. The known extinguishing device has a movable extinguishing unit having at least one extinguishing agent container. With the extinguishing agent container is a manually operable Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung with at least one extinguishing nozzle fluidkommunisierend. In addition, at least one pressure generating device for discharging extinguishing agent via the Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung is provided, wherein the pressure generating means for generating a discharge pressure of the extinguishing agent of at least 10 formed bar and the extinguishing agent can be discharged as a spray. The extinguishing agent may be a mixture of extinguishing water with at least one extinguishing water additive.

Die US 2006/0213565 A1 offenbart ein Löschsystem zum Austrag von vorzugsweise schaumartigem Löschmittel. Das Löschmittel besteht aus Löschwasser und einem Löschwasseradditiv, das dem Löschwasser unmittelbar vor dem Austrag zugegeben wird.The US 2006/0213565 A1 discloses an extinguishing system for discharging preferably foamy extinguishing agent. The extinguishing agent consists of extinguishing water and an extinguishing water additive, which is added to the extinguishing water immediately before discharge.

Weiterhin betrifft die DE 35 15 865 A1 die Verwendung eines wässrigen Systems aus einer Natrium- oder Kaliumionen enthaltenden wässrigen Phase, in der durch Hydratation gequollene Gelteilchen als einzelne polyanionische Makromoleküle aus mäßig vernetzten, wasserunlöslichen Acrylsäurecopolymerisaten dispergiert sind, als Löschwasser.Furthermore, the concerns DE 35 15 865 A1 the use of an aqueous system comprising a sodium or potassium ion-containing aqueous phase in which hydration-swollen gel particles are dispersed as individual polyanionic macromolecules of moderately crosslinked, water-insoluble acrylic acid copolymers as extinguishing water.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Löschvorrichtung und ein Löschverfahren jeweils der vorgenannten Art zur Verfügung zu stellen, die eine lokale Brandbekämpfung außerhalb von Gebäuden am Ort eines Brandherdes mit hohem Wirkungsgrad ermöglichen und leicht handhabbar sind.The object of the present invention is to provide an extinguishing device and an extinguishing method of the aforementioned type in each case, which enable local firefighting outside of buildings at the location of a fire with high efficiency and are easy to handle.

Die zuvor geschilderte Aufgabenstellung wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand von Patentanspruch 1 gelöst, welcher die erfindungsgemäße Löschvorrichtung betrifft; weitere, vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der entsprechenden Unteransprüche.The above-described task is inventively achieved by the subject matter of claim 1, which relates to the extinguishing device according to the invention; Further, advantageous developments and refinements are the subject of the corresponding subclaims.

Weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung außerhalb von Gebäuden am Ort eines Brandherdes gemäß Patentanspruch 5; weitere, vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand des diesbezüglichen Unteranspruchs.Another object of the present invention is the inventive method for local firefighting outside of buildings at the site of a fire source according to claim 5; Further, advantageous developments and refinements are the subject of the relevant subclaim.

Darüber hinaus ist Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 7.In addition, subject of the present invention, the inventive method according to claim 7.

Zur Lösung der vorgenannten Aufgabe weist die erfindungsgemäße Löschvorrichtung wenigstens eine einen verfahrbaren Löschmittelbehälter aufweisende verfahrbare Löscheinheit auf, wenigstens eine mit dem Löschmittelbehälter fluidkommunizierend verbundene, manuell betätigbare Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung mit wenigstens einer Löschdüse und wenigstens eine Druckerzeugungseinrichtung zum Austrag von Löschmittel über die Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung auf den Brandherd, wobei die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Austragsdrucks des Löschmittels von wenigstens 10 bar, vorzugsweise bis 1500 bar, insbesondere zwischen 20 bis 200 bar, ausgebildet ist. Dementsprechend ist es bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorgesehen, daß das Löschmittel mit Hochdruck ausgetragen wird.To achieve the above object, the extinguishing device according to the invention comprises at least one moveable extinguishing agent container having movable Erlösheitheit, at least one fluidkommunizierend connected to the extinguishing agent, manually operable Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung with at least one extinguishing nozzle and at least one pressure generating device for discharging extinguishing agent on the high-pressure spraying on the fire, wherein the pressure generating means for generating a discharge pressure of the extinguishing agent of at least 10 bar, preferably up to 1500 bar, in particular between 20 to 200 bar, is formed. Accordingly, it is provided in the inventive method that the extinguishing agent is discharged at high pressure.

Der Erfindung liegt an dieser Stelle zunächst der Grundgedanke zugrunde, die Löscheinheit mit dem Löschmittelbehälter verfahrbar auszubilden, so daß diese in die unmittelbare Nähe eines Brandherdes gefahren werden kann. Damit steht gegenüber den bislang bekannten tragbaren Löscheinheiten ein größeres Fluidreservoir für Löschmittel am Ort des Brandherdes zur Verfugung. Das Verfahren der Löscheinheit kann im einfachsten Fall mit Muskelkraft erfolgen. Grundsätzlich ist es jedoch auch möglich, einen motorischen Antrieb zum Verfahren im Gelände vorzusehen. Die Entnahme des Löschmittels aus dem Löschmittelbehälter erfolgt über die Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung, die, vorzugsweise, von einem Feuerwehrmann getragen und betätigt wird. Die Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung ist mit dem Löschmittelbehälter fluidkommunizierend verbunden, wobei mittels der Druckerzeugungseinrichtung der gewünschte Hochdruck erzeugt wird. Hierzu kann die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung wenigstens eine (Hochdruck-)Pumpe aufweisen. Grundsätzlich können auch mehrere Hochdrucksprüheinrichtungen mit einer Löscheinheit verbunden sein. Ebensogut ist es möglich, daß die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung in die Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung integriert ist, so daß die Löscheinheit lediglich als Löschmittelspeicher vorgesehen ist.The invention is based on this point, first of all the basic idea, the quenching unit with the extinguishing agent container movable form, so that it can be driven in the immediate vicinity of a fire. This is compared to the previously known portable Löhneheiten a larger fluid reservoir for extinguishing agent at the location of the source of fire at your disposal. The method of erasing unit can be done in the simplest case with muscle power. In principle, however, it is also possible to provide a motor drive for off-road operation. The removal of the extinguishing agent from the extinguishing agent container via the high-pressure spraying device, which is preferably carried and operated by a firefighter. The high-pressure spraying device is connected in a fluid-communicating manner with the extinguishing agent container, wherein the desired high-pressure is generated by means of the pressure-generating device. For this purpose, the pressure generating device may comprise at least one (high pressure) pump. In principle, a plurality of high-pressure spraying devices can also be connected to a quenching unit. It is equally possible that the pressure generating device is integrated into the Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung, so that the erase unit is provided only as an extinguishant memory.

Im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung konnte überraschenderweise festgestellt werden, daß es der Austrag des Löschmittels unter Hochdruck ermöglicht, Glutnester bzw. Brandnester mit hohem Wirkungsgrad zu löschen. Das Löschmittel wird in Form eines fein verteilten Nebels bzw. Sprühnebels ausgetragen, was ebenfalls zu einer verbesserten Löschwirkung beiträgt. Die Kombination von Hochdrucktechnik und Hochstrahldüse ermöglicht eine besonders feine Zerstäubung, des Löschmittels. Die kleinen Tröpfchen verdampfen vollständig und entziehen dadurch dem Brand ein Maximum an Energie. In der Praxis ergibt das eine optimale Löschwirkung des eingesetzten Wassers. Durch Auswechseln der Löschdüsen oder durch einfaches Verdrehen läßt sich eine Strahlverstellung vom Sprühstrahl bis hin zum Vollstrahl erreichen.In connection with the invention it has surprisingly been found that the discharge of the extinguishing agent under high pressure makes it possible to extinguish embers or high-efficiency fires. The extinguishing agent is discharged in the form of a finely dispersed mist or spray, which also contributes to an improved extinguishing effect. The combination of high-pressure technology and high-jet nozzle enables a particularly fine atomization of the extinguishing agent. The small droplets evaporate completely, thereby removing the maximum amount of energy from the fire. In practice, this results in an optimal extinguishing effect of the water used. By changing the extinguishing nozzles or by simply turning a jet adjustment can be achieved from the spray to the full jet.

Der Öffnungswinkel des von einer Löschdüse erzeugten Sprühkegels beträgt weniger als 15°, vorzugsweise weniger als 10°. Bei noch kleinerem Öffnungswinkel ist es grundsätzlich auch möglich, das Löschmittel als Vollstrahl auszutragen.The opening angle of the spray cone generated by an extinguishing nozzle is less than 15 °, preferably less than 10 °. With even smaller opening angle, it is also possible in principle to discharge the extinguishing agent as a full jet.

Im einfachsten Fall handelt es sich bei dem Löschmittel um Wasser. Das Löschmittel kann aber auch wenigstens eine hydrophile, quellfähige Komponente aufweisen, wobei, vorzugsweise, die Komponente in Wasser dispergierbar sein sollte. Insbesondere können quellfähige Polymere, beispielsweise auf Polyacrylatbasis oder Polymethacrylatbasis und/oder auf Basis der Modifikationen, als Löschwasseradditive dem Löschwasser zugesetzt werden. Hydrophile quellfähige Materialien, die als Löschmittel eingesetzt werden können, sind beispielsweise aus der DE 35 15 865 A1 und der DE 38 14 751 A1 jeweils der Anmelderin bekannt. In diesem Zusammenhang sind wenigstens zwei Löschmittelbehälter vorgesehen, wobei ein erster Löschmittelbehälter zur Aufnahme von Löschwasser und ein zweiter Löschmittelbehälter zur Aufnahme des Löschwasseradditivs vorgesehen ist. In dem zweiten Löschmittelbehälter kann als Löschwasseradditiv ein Konzentrat aus superabsorbierenden Polymerteilchen enthalten sein, wobei die Polymerteilchen mit Wasser geringfügig vorgequollen und durch Einbringen in eine organische Phase an der weiteren Wasseraufnahme gehindert sind.In the simplest case, the extinguishing agent is water. However, the extinguishing agent may also have at least one hydrophilic, swellable component, wherein, preferably, the component should be dispersible in water. In particular, swellable polymers, for example polyacrylate-based or polymethacrylate-based and / or based on the modifications, can be added to the extinguishing water as extinguishing water additives. Hydrophilic swellable materials that can be used as extinguishing agents, for example, from DE 35 15 865 A1 and the DE 38 14 751 A1 each known to the applicant. In this context, at least two extinguishing agent containers are provided, wherein a first extinguishing agent container for receiving extinguishing water and a second extinguishing agent container for receiving the extinguishing water additive is provided. A concentrate of superabsorbent polymer particles may be contained in the second extinguishing agent container as the extinguishing water additive, wherein the polymer particles are slightly pre-swollen with water and prevented from further absorption of water by introduction into an organic phase.

Aus dem Stand der Technik ist von der Firma Degussa beispielsweise ein Konzentrat mit dem Handelsnamen Firesorb® bekannt. Firesorb® ist eine flüssige Polymerzubereitung, die ein Vielfaches an Wasser aufnehmen kann. Dabei bildet sich ein hitzeabschirmendes Gel, das selbst an Decken und senkrechten Wänden haftet. Aufgrund seiner hohen Zähigkeit (Viskosität) fließt das Firesorb®-Gel nur sehr langsam von Brandgut ab und verbleibt deshalb länger löschwirksam. Der Schutzfilm nimmt die Verbrennungswärme an der Oberfläche auf, darunter bleibt die luftabschließende Funktion bestehen. Wasser, das mit Firesorb® versetzt wurde, wirkt wie eine flüssige Löschdecke, erstickt das Feuer durch Luftabschluß und sorgt für Kühlung. Firesorb® ist ein Konzentrat aus superabsorbierenden Polymerteilchen, die mit Wasser geringfügig vorgequollen sind. Durch die Einbindung in ein spezielles, biologisch abbaubares Öl werden die Polymere an einer weiteren Wasseraufnahme gehindert. In dieser Form ist das Additiv sehr gut transportier- und handhabbar.From the state of the art, for example, a concentrate with the trade name Firesorb® is known from Degussa. Firesorb® is a liquid polymer preparation that can absorb many times more water. This forms a heat-shielding gel that adheres even to ceilings and vertical walls. Due to its high toughness (viscosity), the Firesorb® gel only flows very slowly away from burning material and therefore remains extinguishing for longer. The protective film absorbs the heat of combustion at the surface, under which the air-closing function remains. Water added with Firesorb® acts as a liquid fire blanket, stifling the fire by closing the air and providing cooling. Firesorb® is a concentrate of superabsorbent polymer particles that are slightly pre-swollen with water. By incorporation into a special, biodegradable oil, the polymers are prevented from further water absorption. In this form, the additive is very easy to transport and handle.

Sobald die vorgequollenen Polymere in größere Wassermengen dosiert werden, beschleunigt sich die Wasserbindung erheblich. Durch Rühren oder Pumpen kann dieser Effekt weiter verstärkt werden. Gemäß dem zuletzt beschriebenen Beispiel kann es bei der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, daß das Löschmittel aus einer Mischung von Löschwasser mit einem Konzentrat der zuvor beschriebenen Art als Löschwasseradditiv erhältlich ist.As soon as the preswollen polymers are metered into larger amounts of water, the water binding accelerates considerably. By stirring or pumping this effect can be further enhanced. According to the last-described example, it can be provided in the invention that the extinguishing agent from a mixture of extinguishing water with a concentrate of the type described above is available as extinguishing water additive.

Um das Löschwasser und das Löschwasseradditiv zu vermischen, ist eine Mischeinrichtung vorgesehen, wobei das Löschwasser und das Löschwasseradditiv vorzugsweise getrennt voneinander der Löschdüse zugeführt und erst unmittelbar vor dem Austrag des Löschmittels miteinander vermischt werden. Beim Vermischen beschleunigt sich die Wasserbindung von superabsorbierenden Polymerteilchen erheblich. Hier muß sichergestellt sein, daß es durch das Aufquellen nicht zu einer Behinderung des Austrags kommt. Dies setzt eine entsprechende Ausbildung der Löschdüse voraus. Grundsätzlich kann es aber auch vorgesehen sein, das Löschwasser und das Löschwasseradditiv über getrennte Löschdüsen gleichzeitig oder über dieselben Löschdüsen nacheinander auszutragen. Hier kann weiter vorgesehen sein, das Löschwasser fein verteilt in Form eines Nebels auszutragen, während das Löschwasseradditiv weniger fein verteilt mit größeren Flüssigkeitstropfen ausgetragen wird. Handelt es sich bei dem Löschwasseradditiv um superabsorbierende Polymerteilchen im Gelzustand, legen sich diese wie ein Teppich über den Brandherd, so daß dieser erstickt wird. Das fein verteilte Löschwasser dagegen verdampft vollständig und entzieht dem Brand somit eine große Wärmemenge. Grundsätzlich ist es auch möglich, auch das Löschwasseradditiv durch Hochdruckaustrag in Form eines fein verteilten, großflächigen Nebels auszutragen, der eine größere Fläche abdeckt.In order to mix the extinguishing water and the extinguishing water additive, a mixing device is provided, wherein the extinguishing water and the extinguishing water additive are preferably supplied separately to the extinguishing nozzle and mixed together only immediately before the discharge of the extinguishing agent. During mixing, the water binding of superabsorbent polymer particles accelerates considerably. Here it must be ensured that the swelling does not hinder the discharge. This requires a corresponding design of the extinguishing nozzle. In principle, however, it can also be provided to discharge the extinguishing water and the extinguishing water additive via separate extinguishing nozzles simultaneously or via the same extinguishing nozzles in succession. Here it can be further provided to discharge the extinguishing water finely distributed in the form of a mist, while the extinguishing water additive less finely distributed is discharged with larger liquid droplets. If the extinguishing water additive is superabsorbent polymer particles in the gel state, they lay over the source of fire like a carpet, so that it is suffocated. The finely distributed extinguishing water, on the other hand, evaporates completely, thus removing a large amount of heat from the fire. In principle, it is also possible to discharge the extinguishing water additive by high-pressure discharge in the form of a finely distributed, large-area mist covering a larger area.

Die Austragsmenge des Löschmittels sollte zwischen 100 bis 2.500 1/h, vorzugsweise zwischen 500 bis 1.600 1/h, betragen. Der erste Löschmittelbehälter für das Löschwasser kann in diesem Zusammenhang ein Füllvolumen von wenigstens 50 1, insbesondere zwischen 100 bis 500 1, aufweisen. Der zweite Löschmittelbehälter für das Löschwasseradditiv weist vorzugsweise ein kleineres Volumen auf. Je nach Art des Antriebs der Löscheinheit, kann das Füllvolumen des ersten und/oder des zweiten Löschmittelbehälters auch entsprechend größer sein. Hierbei kommt es darauf an, daß das Füllvolumen des oder der Löschmittelbehälter ein Verfahren der Löscheinheit im Gelände zuläßt.The discharge quantity of the extinguishing agent should be between 100 and 2,500 l / h, preferably between 500 and 1,600 l / h. In this context, the first extinguishing agent container for the extinguishing water can have a filling volume of at least 50 l, in particular between 100 and 500 l. The second extinguishing agent container for the extinguishing water additive preferably has a smaller volume. Depending on the nature of the drive of the quenching unit, the filling volume of the first and / or the second extinguishing agent container also correspondingly to be taller. It is important that the filling volume of the or the extinguishing agent container allows a method of Löhneheit in the field.

Zur Stromversorgung unabhängig von einem Löschzug oder einer stationären Energieversorgungsleitung kann eine in der Löscheinheit angeordnete Energieversorgungseinrichtung vorgesehen sein, wobei die Energieversorgungseinrichtung wenigstens einen Akkumulator als Energiespeicher aufweisen kann. An der Stelle eines Akkumulators kann auch ein vorzugsweise benzinbetriebener Generator eingesetzt werden.A power supply device arranged in the erase unit can be provided for the power supply independently of a deletion train or a stationary power supply line, it being possible for the energy supply device to have at least one rechargeable battery as an energy store. At the location of an accumulator, a preferably gasoline-powered generator can be used.

Um sicherzustellen, daß Glut- oder Brandnester vollständig gelöscht werden, sollte das Löschmittel über einen Zeitraum von 1 bis 10 min., vorzugsweise 2 bis 5 min., ausgetragen werden. Um eine möglichst optimale Löschwirkung der verfügbaren Löschmittelmenge zu gewährleisten, kann vorgesehen sein, das Löschmittel getaktet auszutragen, wobei in kurzen Sprühstößen jeweils eine vorgegebene Menge des Löschmittels ausgetragen wird. Hierzu kann eine entsprechende Steuerungseinrichtung vorgesehen sein. Alternativ kann der Austrag des Löschmittels auch manuell gesteuert werden.To ensure that embers or incinerators are completely extinguished, the extinguishing agent should be discharged for a period of 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 2 to 5 minutes. In order to ensure the best possible extinguishing effect of the amount of extinguishing agent available, it may be provided to deliver the extinguishing agent clocked, with a predetermined amount of the extinguishing agent is discharged in short sprays each. For this purpose, a corresponding control device can be provided. Alternatively, the discharge of the extinguishing agent can also be controlled manually.

Im übrigen läßt es die Erfindung bedarfsweise zu, die in den Ansprüchen genannten und/oder die anhand der Zeichnung beschriebenen Merkmale miteinander zu kombinieren, auch wenn dies nicht im einzelnen beschrieben ist. Auch eine Kombination von zuvor beschriebenen Merkmalen der zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung in Gebäuden ausgebildeten Löschvorrichtungen, mit Merkmalen von solchen Löschvorrichtungen die zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung außerhalb von Gebäuden ausgebildet sind, ist möglich. Die vorstehenden Werteangaben und die angegebenen Intervalle erfassen jeweils sämtliche Werte, also nicht nur die Untergrenzen bzw. bei Intervallen die Intervallgrenzen, ohne daß dies einer ausdrücklichen Erwähnung bedarf.Moreover, the invention makes it possible, if necessary, to combine the features mentioned in the claims and / or the features described with reference to the drawing, even if this is not described in detail. Also, a combination of previously described features of local firefighting in extinguishing devices, with features of such extinguishing devices are designed for local firefighting outside of buildings, is possible. The above value specifications and the specified intervals in each case capture all values, ie not just the lower limits or at intervals the interval limits, without this requiring an explicit mention.

Im einzelnen gibt es eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten, die erfindungsgemäßen Löschvorrichtungen und die erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, wobei einerseits auf die abhängigen Patentansprüche und andererseits auf die nachfolgende detaillierte Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung verwiesen wird. In der Zeichnung zeigen

Fig. 1
eine schematische Querschnittsansicht einer Löschvorrichtung ausgebildet zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung in Gebäuden am Ort eines Brandherdes und
Fig. 2
eine schematische Querschnittsansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Löschvorrichtung ausgebildet zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung außerhalb von Gebäuden am Ort eines Brandherdes.
In particular, there are a variety of ways to design and further develop the extinguishing devices according to the invention and the method according to the invention, reference being made on the one hand to the dependent claims and on the other hand to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings. In the drawing show
Fig. 1
a schematic cross-sectional view of an extinguishing device designed for local firefighting in buildings at the site of a fire and
Fig. 2
a schematic cross-sectional view of an extinguishing device according to the invention designed for local firefighting outside of buildings at the site of a fire.

In Fig. 1 ist schematisch eine Löschvorrichtung 1 ausgebildet zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung in Gebäuden am Ort bzw. in unmittelbarer Umgebung eines Brandherdes dargestellt. Die Löschvorrichtung 1 weist eine Düseneinrichtung 2 mit einer Mehrzahl von Löschdüsen 3, ausgebildet zum Austrag von Löschmittel 4 lediglich am Ort bzw. in unmittelbarer Umgebung des Brandherdes und zur dezentralen Anordnung in einem nicht dargestellten Gebäude auf. Der Austrag des Löschmittels 4 ist in Fig. 1 schematisch lediglich für eine einzelne Löschdüse 3 dargestellt. Es versteht sich, daß im Brandfall aus einer Mehrzahl von Löschdüsen 3, vorzugsweise aus allen Löschdüsen 3, das Löschmittel 4 ausgetragen wird.In Fig. 1 is schematically illustrated an extinguishing device 1 designed for local fire fighting in buildings at the site or in the immediate vicinity of a fire. The extinguishing device 1 has a nozzle device 2 with a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 3, designed for the discharge of extinguishing agent 4 only at the location or in the immediate vicinity of the fire and for decentralized arrangement in a building, not shown. The discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 is in Fig. 1 shown schematically only for a single extinguishing nozzle 3. It is understood that in case of fire from a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 3, preferably from all extinguishing nozzles 3, the extinguishing agent 4 is discharged.

Die Düseneinrichtung 2 ist integraler Bestandteil einer als Löschsäule ausgebildeten Löscheinheit 5, die bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform 2 Löschmittelbehälter 6, 7 sowie eine Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 8 und eine Mischeinrichtung 9 aufweist. Darüber hinaus ist eine Mehrzahl von Brandsensoren 10 zur Detektion eines Brandes vorgesehen, die auf eine insbesondere kombinierte Optik-, Rauch-, CO-, Temperaturindikation eingestellt sind. Die von den Brandmeldesensoren 10 aufgenommenen Daten werden auf eine nicht im einzelnen dargestellte Steuereinrichtung übertragen, wobei die Steuereinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von den empfangenen Signalen die Aktivierung einer Löschfunktion bewirkt. Nach Aktivierung der Löschfunktion erfolgt eine Abgabe von Löschmittel 4 über die Löschdüsen 3. In der Steuereinrichtung kann zusätzlich eine Fernmeldefunktion zur Übertragung einer Nachricht an einen vorgegebenen Empfänger integriert sein. Die Brandmeldesensoren 10 sind ebenso wie die Löschdüsen 3 über eine Gehäusewandung 11 der Löscheinheit 5 verteilt angeordnet.The nozzle device 2 is an integral part of a quenching unit designed as extinguishing column 5, which in the illustrated embodiment 2 extinguishing agent container 6, 7 and a pressure generating device 8 and a mixing device 9 has. In addition, a plurality of fire sensors 10 are provided for the detection of a fire, which are set to a particular combined optics, smoke, CO, temperature indication. The data recorded by the fire alarm sensors 10 are transmitted to a control device not shown in detail, wherein the control device in response to the received signals causes the activation of a deletion function. After activation of the deletion function is a release of extinguishing agent 4 via the extinguishing nozzles 3. In the control device may be integrated in addition to a telecommunication function for transmitting a message to a given recipient. The fire detection sensors 10 are arranged as well as the extinguishing nozzles 3 distributed over a housing 11 of the erase unit 5.

Das Löschmittel 4 ist aus einer Mischung von Löschwasser 12 und wenigstens einem Löschwasseradditiv 13 erhältlich, wobei als Löschwasseradditiv 13 ein gelförmiges Konzentrat aus wenigstens einem in Wasser vorgequollenen Polymer in einer organischen Phase eingesetzt wird. Das Löschwasser 12 ist in dem ersten Löschmittelbehälter 6 und das Löschwasseradditiv 13 in dem zweiten Löschmittelbehälter 7 gespeichert. Im Brandfall wird nach Aktivierung der Löschfunktion von der Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 8 Löschwasser 12 und Löschwasseradditiv 13 in einem vorgegebenen Mischungsverhältnis ausgesaugt und zu der Mischeinrichtung 9 geleitet. Vorzugsweise ist eine Zudosierung von 1 bis 10 %, insbesondere von 2 bis 3 %, des Löschwasseradditivs 13 zum Löschwasser 12 vorgesehen. Die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 8 erzeugt dabei den zum Austragen des Löschmittels 4 über die Löschdüsen 3 erforderlichen Austragsdruck des Löschmittels 4 von wenigstens 10 bar, vorzugsweise bis 1.500 bar, insbesondere zwischen 20 bis 200 bar. Bei einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird ein Austragsdruck von ca. 40 bar erzeugt. Die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 8, bei der sich im einfachsten Fall um eine Pumpe handeln kann, ist über Druckleitungen 14 mit den Löschdüsen 3 einerseits und über Saugleitungen 15a-c mit der Mischeinrichtung 9 und den beiden Löschmittelbehältern 6, 7 verbunden.The extinguishing agent 4 is obtainable from a mixture of extinguishing water 12 and at least one extinguishing water additive 13, wherein the extinguishing water additive 13 is a gel-like concentrate of at least one water-preswollen polymer in an organic phase. The extinguishing water 12 is stored in the first extinguishing agent container 6 and the extinguishing water additive 13 in the second extinguishing agent container 7. In case of fire, after activation of the extinguishing function of the pressure generating device 8 extinguishing water 12 and extinguishing water additive 13 is sucked out in a predetermined mixing ratio and passed to the mixing device 9. Preferably, a metered addition of 1 to 10%, in particular of 2 to 3%, of the extinguishing water additive 13 to the extinguishing water 12 is provided. In this case, the pressure generating device 8 generates the discharge pressure of the extinguishing agent 4 required for discharging the extinguishing agent 4 via the extinguishing nozzles 3 of at least 10 bar, preferably up to 1,500 bar, in particular between 20 and 200 bar. In a further preferred embodiment, a discharge pressure of about 40 bar is generated. The pressure generating device 8, which may be a pump in the simplest case, is connected via pressure lines 14 with the extinguishing nozzles 3 on the one hand and via suction lines 15a-c to the mixing device 9 and the two extinguishing agent containers 6, 7.

Im Brandfall kommt es zum Austrag des Löschmittels 4 unter Überdruck, wobei das Löschmittel 4 als Sprühnebel ausgetragen wird. Der Hochdruckaustrag des Löschmittels 4 ermöglicht eine besonders feine Zerstäubung des Löschmittels. In der Praxis ergibt das eine optimale Löschwirkung des eingesetzten Löschmittels 4. Zudem wird das Raumtemperaturniveau im Umgebungsbereich des Brandherdes sehr schnell gesenkt sowie Ruß und schwebende Partikel aus der Umgebungsluft ausgewaschen. Somit wird auch die Sichtweite in einem brandbelasteten Raum positiv beeinflußt. Der geringe Löschmittelverbrauch bei höchster Wirksamkeit sorgt für einen kostengünstigen Schutz des Gebäudeinventars bei einer sehr kurzen Zeitdauer, innerhalb der ein Brandherd vollständig gelöscht werden kann. Im übrigen wird durch den Hochdruckaustrag des Löschmittels 4 sichergestellt, daß Glut- bzw. Brandnester vollständig gelöscht werden können, so daß ein Wiederaufflammen des Brandes nicht befürchtet werden muß.In case of fire, it comes to the discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 under pressure, the extinguishing agent 4 is discharged as a spray. The high-pressure discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 allows a particularly fine atomization of the extinguishing agent. In practice, this results in an optimal extinguishing effect of the extinguishing agent used 4. In addition, the room temperature level in the surrounding area of the fire is very quickly lowered and soot and suspended particles from the ambient air washed out. Thus, the visibility in a fire-exposed room is positively influenced. The low extinguishing agent consumption with maximum effectiveness ensures cost-effective protection of the building inventory in a very short period of time within which a fire can be completely extinguished. Moreover, it is ensured by the high-pressure discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 that embers or fire nests can be completely extinguished, so that a resurgence of the fire does not have to be feared.

Das Löschwasseradditiv 13 enthält superabsorbierende Polymerteilchen, die mit Wasser geringfügig vorgequollen sind. Durch die Einbindung in ein spezielles, biologisch abbaubares Öl werden die Polymere an einer weiteren Wasseraufnahme, gehindert. In dieser Form ist das Löschwasseradditiv 13 sehr gut transportier- und handhabbar. Sobald das Löschwasseradditiv 13 in der Mischeinrichtung 9 mit dem Löschwasser 12 vermischt wird, kommt es zur erneuten Wassereinbindung, wobei durch Rühren oder Pumpen dieser Effekt weiter verstärkt werden kann. Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Löschvorrichtung 1 ist es daher erforderlich, daß nach dem Vermischen von Löschwasser 12 und Löschwasseradditiv 13 die so erhaltene Löschmittelmischung möglichst schnell über die Löschdüsen 3 ausgetragen wird, bevor der Quellungsgrad der Polymerteilchen derart zugenommen hat, daß ein Versprühen des Löschmittels 4 nicht mehr möglich ist oder behindert wird. Die im Löschwasseradditiv 13 enthaltenen Polymerteilchen legen sich nach dem Versprühen wie ein Löschteppich über den Brandherd und ersticken diesen.The extinguishing water additive 13 contains superabsorbent polymer particles which are slightly pre-swollen with water. The inclusion in a special, biodegradable oil, the polymers are prevented from further water absorption. In this form, the extinguishing water additive 13 is very easy to transport and handle. Once the extinguishing water additive 13 is mixed in the mixing device 9 with the extinguishing water 12, it comes to re-water binding, which can be further enhanced by stirring or pumping this effect. At the in Fig. 1 1, it is therefore necessary that after mixing extinguishing water 12 and extinguishing water additive 13, the extinguishing agent mixture thus obtained is discharged as quickly as possible via the extinguishing nozzles 3, before the degree of swelling of the polymer has increased so much that a spraying of the extinguishing agent 4 is no longer possible or obstructed. The polymer particles contained in the extinguishing water additive 13 settle over the source of the fire like an extinguishing carpet after spraying and suffocate it.

Nicht dargestellt ist, daß auch vorgesehen sein kann, das Löschwasser 12 und das Löschwasseradditiv 13 erst unmittelbar vor dem Austritt aus den Löschdüsen 3 zu vermischen oder auch getrennt voneinander über die Löschdüsen 3 zu versprühen. Werden das Löschwasser 12 und das Löschwasseradditiv 13 getrennt voneinander versprüht, so können zwei Druckerzeugungseinrichtungen 8 vorgesehen sein, um den notwendigen Austrittsdruck des Löschwassers 12 einerseits und des Löschwasseradditivs 13 andererseits aufzubauen. Hier können Löschdüsen 3 für das Löschwasser 12 einerseits und weitere Löschdüsen 3 für das Löschwasseradditiv 13 andererseits vorgesehen und entsprechend ausgebildet sein. Werden das Löschwasser 12 und das Löschwasseradditiv 13 getrennt voneinander versprüht, so kann es bei ausreichender Menge des Löschwassers 12 dazu kommen, daß die im Löschwasseradditiv 13 enthaltenen vorgequollenen Polymerteilchen unter Aufnahme von Löschwasser 12 nach dem Versprühen noch weiter aufquellen, was sich günstig auf die Löschwirkung auswirkt.It is not shown that it can also be provided to mix the extinguishing water 12 and the extinguishing water additive 13 only immediately before exiting the extinguishing nozzles 3 or to spray them separately from one another via the extinguishing nozzles 3. If the extinguishing water 12 and the extinguishing water additive 13 sprayed separately, so two pressure generating means 8 may be provided to build the necessary outlet pressure of the extinguishing water 12 on the one hand and the extinguishing water additive 13 on the other. Here, extinguishing nozzles 3 can be provided for the extinguishing water 12 on the one hand and further extinguishing nozzles 3 for the extinguishing water additive 13 on the other hand and designed accordingly. If the extinguishing water 12 and the extinguishing water additive 13 sprayed separately, it may happen that the amount of extinguishing water 12 contained in the extinguishing water additive 13 swollen after receiving water extinguishing water 12 after spraying even further, which is beneficial to the extinguishing effect effect.

Darüber hinaus wird darauf hingewiesen, daß im Brandfall vorzugsweise über die einem Brandherd zugewandten Löschdüsen 3 ein Austrag des Löschmittels 4 vorgesehen ist. Hier können die Brandmeldesensoren 10 derart ausgebildet sein, daß nicht nur das Auftreten eines Brandherdes, sondern auch dessen Ausrichtung zur Löscheinheit 5 als Steuerinformation an die Steuereinrichtung weitergegeben wird. In Abhängigkeit davon, auf welcher Seite der Brandherd lokalisiert ist, erfolgt dann der Austrag des Löschmittels 4 lediglich auf der einen oder anderen Seite bzw. auf der dem Brandherd zugewandten Außenseite der Löscheinheit 5. Um eine hohe Löschwirkung sicher zu stellen, sind die Löschdüsen 3 vorzugsweise gleichverteilt über die Gehäusewandung 11 der Löscheinheit 5 angeordnet, wobei sich die Löschdüsen 3 bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform über die gesamte obere Hälfte der Gehäusewandung 11 erstrecken. Im übrigen sind eine Mehrzahl von Löschdüsen 3 an einer oberen Stirnfläche 16 der Gehäusewandung 11 vorgesehen. Dadurch kann der Löschmittelaustrag über die gesamte Außenfläche einschließlich der oberen Stirnfläche 16 der Löscheinheit 5 erfolgen, wobei es grundsätzlich auch möglich ist, daß Löschdüsen 3 auch im Bereich der unteren Hälfte der Gehäusewandung 11 vorgesehen sind.In addition, it should be noted that in case of fire preferably via the fire source facing extinguishing nozzles 3 a discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 is provided. Here, the fire detection sensors 10 may be formed such that not only the occurrence of a fire, but also the Alignment to the deletion unit 5 is passed as control information to the controller. Depending on which side of the fire is localized, then the discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 takes place only on one or the other side or on the outside of the fire extinguishing unit 5. In order to ensure a high extinguishing effect, the extinguishing nozzles are the third preferably uniformly distributed over the housing wall 11 of the Löhneheit 5, wherein the extinguishing nozzles 3 extend in the illustrated embodiment over the entire upper half of the housing 11. Moreover, a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 3 are provided on an upper end face 16 of the housing wall 11. As a result, the extinguishing agent discharge over the entire outer surface including the upper end face 16 of the Löscheheit 5 done, where it is in principle also possible that extinguishing nozzles 3 are also provided in the lower half of the housing 11.

Nicht dargestellt ist im übrigen, daß in der Löscheinheit 5 eine Energieversorgungseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, wobei die Energieversorgungseinrichtung wenigstens einen Akkumulator als Energiespeicher zum Betrieb der Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 8 aufweist. Im übrigen läßt sich die als Löschsäule ausgebildete Löscheinheit 5 bedarfsweise transportabel oder auch ortsfest in dem Gebäude anordnen.It is not shown, moreover, that an energy supply device is provided in the deleting unit 5, wherein the energy supply device has at least one rechargeable battery as an energy store for operating the pressure generating device 8. Moreover, the extinguishing unit designed as extinguishing column 5 can be arranged as required transportable or even stationary in the building.

In Fig. 2 ist eine Löschvorrichtung 17 dargestellt, die zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung außerhalb von Gebäuden am Ort bzw. in unmittelbarer Umgebung eines Brandherdes ausgebildet ist. Die Löschvorrichtung 17 weist eine schematisch dargestellte verfahrbare Löscheinheit 18 und wenigstens eine schematisch dargestellte Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung 19 auf. Im übrigen sind innerhalb der Löscheinheit 18 ein erster Löschmittelbehälter 20 für Löschwasser 21 und ein zweiter Löschmittelbehälter 22 für ein Löschwasseradditiv 23 angeordnet. Das Löschwasseradditiv 23 entspricht dem Löschwasseradditiv 13, das bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Löschvorrichtung 1 eingesetzt wird.In Fig. 2 an extinguishing device 17 is shown, which is designed for local firefighting outside of buildings at the site or in the immediate vicinity of a fire. The extinguishing device 17 has a schematically represented moveable extinguishing unit 18 and at least one high-pressure spraying unit 19 shown schematically. Moreover, a first extinguishing agent container 20 for extinguishing water 21 and a second extinguishing agent container 22 for an extinguishing water additive 23 are disposed within the deleting unit 18. The extinguishing water additive 23 corresponds to the extinguishing water additive 13, which at the in Fig. 1 shown erasing device 1 is used.

Im übrigen weist die Löscheinheit 18 eine Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 24 und eine Mischeinrichtung 25 auf. Mittels der Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 24, bei der es sich um eine Hochdruckpumpe handelt, wird der notwendige Austragsdruck für ein Löschmittel 26 aufgebaut, wobei das Löschmittel 26 durch Mischen von Löschwasser 21 mit dem Löschwasseradditiv 23 in einem vorgegebenen Mischungsverhältnis in der Mischeinrichtung 25 erhältlich ist. Vorzugsweise ist eine Zudosierung von 1 bis 10 %, insbesondere von 2% bis 3 %, des Löschwassers 21 vorgesehen. Dabei wird von der Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 24 über Saugleitungen 27a und 27b das Löschwasser 21 und das Löschwasseradditiv 23 zur Mischeinrichtung 25 angesaugt. Das Löschmittel 26 wird dann über die weitere Saugleitung 27c und eine Druckleitung 28 einer Löschdüse 29 der Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung 19 zugeführt. Der Austrag des Löschmittels 26 erfolgt in Form eines Sprühnebels unter Hochdruck, was zu den im Zusammenhang mit der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Löschvorrichtung 1 beschriebenen Vorteilen beim Löschvorgang führt.Otherwise, the erasing unit 18 has a pressure generating device 24 and a mixing device 25. By means of the pressure generating device 24, which is a high-pressure pump, the necessary discharge pressure for an extinguishing agent 26 is established, the extinguishing agent 26 is obtainable by mixing extinguishing water 21 with the extinguishing water additive 23 in a predetermined mixing ratio in the mixing device 25. Preferably, a metered addition of 1 to 10%, in particular of 2% to 3%, of the fire-extinguishing water 21 is provided. In this case, the extinguishing water 21 and the extinguishing water additive 23 is sucked to the mixing device 25 by the pressure generating device 24 via suction lines 27a and 27b. The extinguishing agent 26 is then fed via the further suction line 27c and a pressure line 28 to a extinguishing nozzle 29 of the high-pressure spraying device 19. The discharge of the extinguishing agent 26 takes place in the form of a spray under high pressure, resulting in the in connection with the in Fig. 1 shown erasing device 1 results in the deletion process.

Die Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung 19 ist manuell von einem Feuerwehrmann trag- und betätigbar, so daß der Sprühnebel des Löschmittels 26 zielgerichtet auf den Ort eines Brandherdes ausgerichtet werden kann. Nicht dargestellt ist darüber hinaus, daß die Löscheinheit 18 eine Energieversorgungseinrichtung mit wenigstens einem Akkumulator als Energiespeicher für die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 24 aufweist. Damit ist ein autarker Betrieb der Löschvorrichtung 17 unabhängig von einer stationären Stromversorgung möglich. An der Stelle eines Akkumulators kann die Energieversorgungseinrichtung auch einen Generator aufweisen.The Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung 19 is manually carried by a firefighter and operable so that the spray of the extinguishing agent 26 can be targeted to the location of a source of fire aligned. In addition, it is not shown that the erasing unit 18 has an energy supply device with at least one accumulator as an energy store for the pressure generating device 24. Thus, a self-sufficient operation of the extinguishing device 17 is independent of a stationary power supply possible. At the location of a rechargeable battery, the power supply device may also have a generator.

Die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Löschvorrichtung 17 ermöglicht es, eine größere Löschwassermenge zum Ort eines Brandherdes zu transportieren und mittels der Hochdrucksprüheinrichtung 19 das Löschwasser 21 zusammen mit dem Löschwasseradditiv 23 auszutragen, so daß insbesondere Glut- und Brandnester wirkungsvoll bekämpft werden können.In the Fig. 2 shown extinguishing device 17 makes it possible to transport a larger quantity of extinguishing water to the location of a fire and using the high-pressure spraying device 19 to discharge the extinguishing water 21 together with the extinguishing water additive 23, so that in particular embers and burns can be effectively combated.

Claims (7)

  1. Fire extinguishing device (17), designed for local firefighting outside buildings at the site of a fire source and comprising
    - a first extinguishing agent container (20) for an extinguishing water (21), a second extinguishing agent container (22) for an extinguishing water additive (23), a mixing device (25) for mixing extinguishing water (21), and a mobile extinguishing unit (18) for an extinguishing water additive (23);
    - at least a manually operable high-pressure spraying device (19) with at least an extinguishing nozzle (29) in fluid communication with the extinguishing agent container (20, 22), and
    - at least a pressure generation device (24) for the discharge of an extinguishing agent (26) via the high-pressure spraying device (19),
    wherein the pressure generation device (24) is designed to generate a discharge pressure for the extinguishing agent (26) of at least 10 bar, and
    wherein the extinguishing agent (26) is produced from a mixture of extinguishing water (21) and an extinguishing water additive (23),
    characterized in that,
    a concentrate of at least one pre-swollen super-absorbent polymer in an organic phase is provided as the extinguishing water additive (23), wherein the extinguishing nozzle (29) is formed as a high-pressure jet nozzle, wherein the extinguishing agent (26) is dischargeable as a spray mist, and wherein the opening angle of the spray cone produced by the extinguishing nozzle (29) is less than 15°.
  2. Fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the extinguishing agent can be discharged with an opening angle of less than 10°.
  3. Fire extinguishing device according to one of the claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the discharge rate of the extinguishing agent (26) is 100 to 2500 l/h, preferably 500 to 1600 l/h.
  4. Fire extinguishing device according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first extinguishing agent container (20) has a filling volume of at least 50 I, in particular between 100 to 500 I, and that, preferably, the second extinguishing agent container (22) has a smaller volume.
  5. Method for local firefighting outside buildings at the site of a fire source by at least one extinguishing device (17), wherein the extinguishing device (17) comprises
    • a first extinguishing agent container (20) for extinguishing water (21), a second extinguishing agent container (22) for an extinguishing water additive (23), and a mixing device (25) for mixing the extinguishing water (21) and the extinguishing water additive (23), and a mobile extinguishing unit (18),
    • at least a manually operable high-pressure spraying device (19) with at least an extinguishing nozzle (29) in fluid communication with the extinguishing agent container (20, 22), and
    • at least a pressure generation device (24) for the discharge of extinguishing agent (26) via the high-pressure spraying device (19), wherein the pressure generation device (24) is designed to generate a discharge pressure of the extinguishing agent (26) of at least 10 bar,
    wherein the extinguishing agent (26) comprises a mixture of extinguishing water (21) and at least an extinguishing water additive (23), and is discharged as a spray at a pressure of at least 10 bar,
    characterized in that,
    a concentrate of at least one pre-swollen super-absorbent polymer in an organic phase is provided as the extinguishing water additive (23), wherein the extinguishing nozzle (29) is formed as a high-pressure jet nozzle and wherein the extinguishing agent (26) is dischargeable as a spray mist with an opening angle of less than 15°.
  6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the extinguishing water (21) and the extinguishing water additive (23) are supplied to the extinguishing nozzles (29) separately from each other, and that preferably the extinguishing water (21) and the extinguishing water additive (23) are mixed immediately before discharge.
  7. Method for local firefighting outside buildings at the site of a fire source by means of at least one extinguishing device (17), wherein the extinguishing device (17) comprises
    - a first extinguishing agent container (20) for an extinguishing water (21) and a second extinguishing agent container (22) for an extinguishing water additive (23), and a mobile extinguishing unit (18),
    - at least a manually operable high-pressure spraying device (19) having a plurality of extinguishing nozzles (29) in fluid communication with the extinguishing agent containers (20, 22), and
    - at least a pressure generation device (24) for discharge of the extinguishing water (21) and the extinguishing water additive (23) via the high-pressure spraying device (19),
    - wherein a concentrate comprising at least a pre-swollen super-absorbent polymer in an organic phase is provided as the extinguishing water additive (23),
    - wherein the extinguishing water (21) and the extinguishing water additive (23) are simultaneously discharged via separate extinguishing nozzles or in succession via the same extinguishing nozzles,
    wherein the extinguishing water (21) is finely discharged in the form of a spray mist, while the extinguishing water additive (23) is less finely discharged with larger liquid drops, and
    wherein the extinguishing agent (26) is discharged as a spray mist with a pressure of at least 10 bar.
EP10015115.8A 2007-08-06 2008-05-28 Extinguishing apparatus and method for local fire-fighting Active EP2283902B1 (en)

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DE102007036902A DE102007036902A1 (en) 2007-08-06 2007-08-06 Extinguishing device, extinguishing system and method for local firefighting
EP08758824A EP2175939B1 (en) 2007-08-06 2008-05-28 Extinguishing system, and method for local firefighting

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DE502008002956D1 (en) 2011-05-05
ATE502681T1 (en) 2011-04-15
US20110259615A1 (en) 2011-10-27
EP2175939B1 (en) 2011-03-23
WO2009018868A1 (en) 2009-02-12
CA2695483A1 (en) 2009-02-12
US9186532B2 (en) 2015-11-17
DE102007036902A1 (en) 2009-02-12
EP2283902A1 (en) 2011-02-16
CA2695483C (en) 2012-10-02

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