EP2281167A1 - Chaudière à vapeur équipée d un dispositif de refroidissement - Google Patents
Chaudière à vapeur équipée d un dispositif de refroidissementInfo
- Publication number
- EP2281167A1 EP2281167A1 EP09735467A EP09735467A EP2281167A1 EP 2281167 A1 EP2281167 A1 EP 2281167A1 EP 09735467 A EP09735467 A EP 09735467A EP 09735467 A EP09735467 A EP 09735467A EP 2281167 A1 EP2281167 A1 EP 2281167A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- steam boiler
- boiler
- water
- tube
- accordance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004326 stimulated echo acquisition mode for imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
- F28D7/12—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically the surrounding tube being closed at one end, e.g. return type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/32—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines
- F22D1/34—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines and returning condensate to boiler with main feed supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
- F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
- F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
- F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
- F28D7/103—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of more than two coaxial conduits or modules of more than two coaxial conduits
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a steam boiler with a circulation system for boiler water that preferably has natural circulation.
- the flue gases on their way out of the steam boiler, are conducted through ducts in which parts of the boiler are subject to extreme stress.
- the cyclone normally has an outlet tube which is extremely exposed to the hot flue gases.
- the outlet tube can be cooled with cooling water fed using a pump to piping that leads to the outlet tube.
- a pump is required to cool this component.
- the connection tube passes through the cyclone volume, thus disturbing the cyclone effect. This connection tube must be well protected against erosion.
- the aim of the present invention is to offer an improved steam boiler in which various exposed parts of the steam boiler can become more durable by being cooled effectively.
- the present invention concerns a steam boiler with a circulation system for boiler water that preferably has natural circulation.
- the circulation system comprises water pipes arranged in such a way that, when the steam boiler is in operation, they can circulate boiler water through the pipes in a circuit in which water passes from the steam dome in the outer down tube to the furnace and convection parts and in which water and steam pass from the furnace and convection parts up to a steam dome in which steam is separated from the circuit.
- the steam boiler comprises a device designed to cool a selected, exposed part of the steam boiler.
- the cooled device comprises an outer tube and an inner tube placed in the outer tube.
- the outer tube has an upper end with an open connection to one of the water pipes for boiler water and a sealed lower end.
- the inner tube has an upper open end connected to a water pipe for boiler water and a lower open end at the outer tube's sealed lower end.
- the inner tube's upper open end is located at the outer tube's upper end and they are connected to the same water pipe or flow for boiler water.
- the cooled device extends at least partially in a vertical direction downwards from the point at which the outer tube is connected to a water pipe.
- the steam boiler may comprise an element that is exposed to hot gases when the steam boiler is used.
- the element that is exposed to hot gases when the steam boiler is used may consist of a wall in the steam boiler or a holder for the heat exchanger in the path of the flue gas or the cooled device may be arranged in or in fact constitute
- the element that is exposed to hot gases when the steam boiler is used may also consist of, for example, a thermocouple or a through tube that extends through the pipe for boiler water and through the inner tube of the cooled device and, at its very end, connects to the outer tube of the cooled device.
- the steam boiler may comprise a cyclone for separation of particles from hot flue gases, in which connection the cyclone has an outlet tube for the hot gases.
- the cooled device may be arranged to create a cooled outlet tube.
- the cyclone's outlet tube may be constructed of or comprise a number of cooled devices, each of which cooled devices comprises an outer tube and an inner tube arranged in the outer tube, which outer tube, at an upper end, has an open connection to one of the pipes for boiler water and a sealed lower end and the inner tube has an upper end at the outer tube's upper end and a lower open end at the outer tube's sealed lower end and the cooled device may extend at least partially in a vertical direction downwards from the point at which the outer tube is connected to the water pipe.
- the pipes for boiler water may be inside the cyclone's walls and extend in a vertical direction from a lower part of the cyclone to a higher part of the cyclone.
- Some of the pipes for boiler water that extend inside the cyclone's walls may, in such case, be connected to cooled devices provided with an outer and an inner tube.
- the steam boiler may have walls that form a flue gas duct in which one or more elements are suspended by means of a holder, which holder comprises a cooled device in accordance with the present invention, i.e.
- a cooled device with an outer tube and an inner tube arranged in the outer tube, which outer tube, at an upper end, has an open connection to one of the water pipes for boiler water and a sealed lower end, in which connection the inner tube has an upper open end at the outer tube's upper end and a lower open end at the outer tube's sealed lower end and the cooled device extends at least partially in a vertical direction downwards from the point at which the outer tube is connected to the water pipe.
- a flue gas duct formed from the walls of the steam boiler may comprise a separating partition wall that separates two parts of the flue gas duct from each other.
- the partition wall may be at least partially constructed of cooled devices in accordance with the present invention, i.e. cooled devices comprising an outer tube and an inner tube arranged in the outer tube, which outer tube, at an upper end, has an open connection to one of the water pipes for boiler water and a sealed lower end, in which connection the inner tube has an upper open end at the outer tube's upper end and a lower open end at the outer tube's sealed lower end and the cooled device extends at least partially in a vertical direction downwards from the point at which the outer tube is connected to the water pipe.
- cooled devices in accordance with the present invention, i.e. cooled devices comprising an outer tube and an inner tube arranged in the outer tube, which outer tube, at an upper end, has an open connection to one of the water pipes for boiler water and a sealed lower end, in which connection the inner tube has
- the cooled device is used as a dust-separating beam in a flue gas duct formed from the walls of the steam boiler.
- a number of cooled devices may be placed next to each other in the flue gas duct.
- the cooled device may be provided with outer rails that extend along the cooled devices.
- the inner tube's upper end may be funnel-shaped.
- the inner tube may, at its upper end, have a mouth that is at a slant to the inner tube's longitudinal axis.
- connection to the water pipe for boiler water may be in an area in which the lower side of the pipe for boiler water has been expanded to meet the outer tube.
- a lid may be arranged to cover part of the gap area between the outer and the inner tubes.
- the inner tube may be inclined towards the wall of the outer tube.
- FIGURE 1 shows schematically a section of a steam boiler.
- Figure 2 shows in perspective and in section a cyclone for a steam boiler.
- Figure 3 shows a cooled device in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 4 shows in perspective the construction of an outlet in a cyclone provided with cooled devices.
- Figure 5 is a side view of the upper part of the cyclone outlet shown in Figure 4.
- Figure 6 is a top view of part of the cyclone outlet shown in Figure 4.
- Figure 7 shows a section of a part in the lower part of Figure 4.
- Figure 8 shows in section part of a cyclone with a cooled outlet tube.
- Figure 9 is a schematic side view of a sand seal between the cyclone and the furnace in a steam boiler.
- Figure 10 is an enlargement of part of Figure 9 showing another embodiment of the cooled device.
- Figure 11 shows a section of an embodiment of the cooled device used in the invention.
- Figure 12 is a schematic side view of another embodiment.
- Figures 13a and 13b show another embodiment seen in a side view and a top view.
- Figure 14 is a schematic side view of an embodiment in which one or more cooled devices are used as holders for one or more elements suspended in a flue gas duct.
- Figure 15 shows schematically how one or more cooled devices are used as a wall that supports elements.
- Figure 16 shows schematically how a partition wall may be arranged in a flue gas duct.
- Figure 17 shows in section a side view of an embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 18 shows a variant of the embodiment shown in Figure 17.
- Figures 19 - 30 show side views in section of various embodiments of the cooled device itself.
- FIG. 1 shows a steam boiler 1 that comprises a furnace 6 in which combustion takes place.
- the steam boiler 1 may, for example, be a CFB boiler (Circulating Fluidised Bed boiler) in which the combustion air is supplied at the base.
- the steam boiler 1 has a circulation system 2 for boiler water.
- the circulation system 2 comprises water pipes 3, 4 arranged in such a way that, when the steam boiler 1 is in operation, they can circulate boiler water through the pipes 3, 4 in a circuit in which water and steam pass from the furnace 6 up to a steam dome 5 in which steam is separated from the circuit and water runs back towards the furnace 6.
- the reference number 3 indicates water pipes in which water and steam rise towards the steam dome 5, while the reference number 4 designates water pipes in which water runs down from the steam dome 5 towards the area of the furnace 6.
- the downward water pipes 4 may appropriately be arranged separate from the furnace 6, for example on the outside of the steam boiler 1, so that no heat is supplied to water running from the steam dome on its way down. Down in the area of the furnace 6, the water may then be used to absorb thermal energy and transfer the thermal energy to the steam dome.
- the circulation of the boiler water in the pipes is driven by the strong heat generated in the furnace 6. Low- density water mixed with steam rises in the pipes while water with a higher density from the steam dome 5 runs down.
- Figure 1 and Figure 2 also show that the steam boiler 1 comprises a cyclone 7 that is used to separate ash and sand from the hot flue gases formed in the furnace 6.
- the hot flue gases can pass out through the outlet tube 11 while sand and ash fall towards the lower part 9 of the cyclone 7.
- Combustible material that has not been fully combusted is also separated and can return to the furnace 6 via the lower part 9 of the cyclone 7.
- the hot flue gases in the cyclone 7 cause major stress, in particular to the outlet tube 11.
- Such outlet tubes 11 are normally made of fireproof sheet metal. However, the outlet tube is sensitive to hot gas corrosion, in particular in waste-fired boilers. It is also difficult to cope with expansion close to the suspension.
- Figure 1 and Figure 2 also show how water pipes 3 for boiler water run inside the cyclone 7's walls 8 and from there to the steam dome 5.
- the cooled device 12 is shown in Figure 3 connected to a pipe 3 for flowing boiler water.
- the cooled device 12 comprises an outer tube 13 and an inner tube 14 arranged in the outer tube 13.
- the outer tube 13 has, at an upper end 15, an open connection to the water pipe 3 for boiler water and a sealed lower end 16.
- the inner tube 14 has an upper open end 17 that is also connected to a water pipe 3 and a lower open end 18 at the outer tube's sealed lower end 16.
- the inner tube 14's lower end 18 is arranged at the outer tube 13's sealed lower end 16 and both the outer tube 13 and the inner tube 14 are connected to the same water pipe 3 for boiler water.
- the cooled device 12 extends at least partially in a vertical direction downwards from the point at which the outer tube 13 is connected to a water pipe 3.
- Figure 1 shows how the water pipe 3 for boiler water runs horizontally. It is suitable for the cooled device 12 to be connected at a point where the water pipe 3 is horizontal but the water pipe 3 could also be inclined upwards in the direction of flow.
- the cooled device 12 works as follows. When the cooled device 12 extends downwards into an area with hot flue gases, water that is located in the gap between the outer tube 13 and the inner tube 14 will be mixed with steam and have a lower density than the water located inside the inner tube 14.
- the steam/water mixture therefore rises in the gap between the outer tube 13 and the inner tube 14.
- the water located inside the inner tube 14 has a higher density and will fall instead. Part of the boiler water that flows in pipe 3 will then be sucked down in the inner tube 14 and will subsequently return upwards, absorbing thermal energy from the area around the cooled device 12.
- the boiler water in the water pipe 3 flows from left to right in the figure, as shown by the arrows.
- the normal water flow rate in the water pipe 3 is in the range 0.3 to 1.5 m/s.
- the water flow rate established in the downward tube 14 is 0.5 to 2.5 m/s and in the outer gap between tubes
- a cooled device 12 is used that works according to the principle shown in Figure 3 to cool a selected, exposed part of the steam boiler 1.
- the steam boiler may comprise a cyclone 7 to separate solid particles such as ash, sand or fuel that was not combusted in the furnace from flue gases.
- Water pipes 3 pass the cyclone on their way up to the steam dome 5.
- Figure 2 shows how water pipes 3 for boiler water extend in a vertical direction from a lower part 9 of the cyclone 7 to a higher part 10 of the cyclone 7.
- the cyclone 7's outlet tube 11 may comprise at least one cooled device 12.
- the cooled device 12 comprises an outer tube 13 and an inner tube
- the outer tube 13 has, at an upper end 15, an open connection to a water pipe 3.
- the cooled device 12 may use the water in water pipe 3 to cool the outlet tube 11.
- the outlet tube 1 1 consists of a number of the cooled devices 12, each of which comprises an outer tube 13 and an inner tube 14 arranged in the outer tube 13.
- the water pipe 3 that is used is suitably one of the water pipes 3 that run inside the walls 8 of the cyclone 7. In practice, a number of such water pipes 3 pass through the cyclone 7 and meet higher up in the system.
- Figures 4 and 5 show how some water pipes 3a continue directly upwards when they reach the area of the outlet tube 11, while other water pipes 3b proceed to the cooled devices 12 that have an outer tube 13 and an inner tube 14, as shown in Figure 3.
- the inflow 3in is established to the pipes 3a, 3b towards the tube ends that are in a horizontal plane, oriented in towards the centre of the cyclone, and the outflow 3out is established in the tube ends that are vertically oriented in the figure.
- every other water pipe 3b may proceed to the cooled devices 12.
- the cooled devices 12 may be arranged side by side so that together they form an outlet tube 11 for hot flue gases, as shown in Figure 4.
- Figure 8 shows how this embodiment works.
- the boiler water rises in water pipes 3 that run inside the walls of the cyclone 7.
- some of the boiler water will descend in the cooled devices 12 that form the outlet tube 1 1.
- This boiler water will move downwards in the inner tubes 14 of the cooled devices while the steam/water mixture will, on account of its lower density, move upwards in the outer gap between tube 13 and tube 14.
- Figure 8 also indicates how the cooled devices 12 are connected to each other, at their lower ends, via an annular tube 33.
- the cooled device 12 may thus, in itself, form durable parts of the steam boiler 1 exposed to heat.
- the cooled device 12 may also be used to cool an element that, when the steam boiler 1 is used, is exposed to hot flue gases (directly or indirectly).
- Figure 9 shows a sand seal located in the lower part of the cyclone 7.
- the sand seal comprises a wall 19 that, when the steam boiler 1 is in operation, is exposed to major stress via strong heat.
- a cooled device 12 in accordance with the present invention is arranged inside the wall 19 in the part marked XIII in Figure 9.
- the cooled device 12 in the sand seal's wall 19 is constructed in the same way as the cooled device 12 in Figure 3 and it works in the same way.
- the cooled device 12 is connected to a pipe 3 for boiler water that rises inside the cyclone 7's walls 8 and part of this boiler water is therefore used to cool a wall 19 in the sand seal of the cyclone 7. After the cooled device 12, the water pipe 3 continues vertically upwards while the pipe up to the cooled device runs horizontally.
- FIG 11 Another embodiment is shown in Figure 11.
- a through tube 21 has been passed through the outer wall of the water pipe 3 and through the inner tube 14 of the cooled device 12. At its lower end, the through tube 21 connects to the outer tube 13 of the cooled device 12.
- the through tube 21 consists of an element that may be used to add an additive to the steam boiler or to suck out flue gases for sampling. Without the cooled device 12, the hot flue gases would act on this element unimpeded. The cooled device 12 can now cool the through tube and contribute to increasing its service life.
- thermocouple 20 may be introduced via the through tube 21. In such case, the thermocouple is kept cooled using the cooled device 12.
- Figure 13a shows how a number of dust separation beams were created by a number of cooled devices 12 being suspended as cooled separation beams in a flue gas duct.
- the cooled devices 12 may suitably be suspended in the flue gas duct 23 so that they form a thin row as shown in Figure 13b.
- the cooled devices 12 in Figure 13a are designed according to the same principle as shown in Figure 3 with an outer tube 13 and an inner tube 14.
- a water pipe 3 for boiler water in which water flow is established is connected to the cooled devices in Figure 13a.
- the cooled devices used as separation beams may be provided with outer rails 28 that extend along the cooling devices 12.
- FIG. 14 shows how an element 24 in a flue gas duct 23 may be suspended in the flue gas duct 23 in a cooled device 12 which functions as a holder for this element.
- the element 24 may consist, for example, of a tube structure such as part of a superheater or economiser. The holder for the tube structure 24 is then cooled and is better able to resist heat stress.
- FIG. 15 Another embodiment is shown in Figure 15.
- a separately fired superheater 35 is supported here by a wall created from cooled devices 12, each of which comprises an outer and an inner tube in accordance with the principle shown in Figure 3.
- the cooled devices 12 are connected to a water pipe 3 for boiler water in which a water flow is established.
- FIG 16 shows an embodiment in which a number of cooled devices 12 form a partition wall in a flue gas duct, which partition wall separates one part of the flue gas duct 23 from another part.
- the partition wall here has an increased service life due to its ability to resist heat.
- these cooled devices 12 also have an outer and an inner tube in accordance with the principle shown in Figure 3 and they are connected to a pipe 3 for boiler water.
- Figure 17 shows schematically how a number of cooled devices 12 may be connected to a water pipe 3, for example to form a row of separation beams in accordance with Figures 13a and 13b or a partition wall in accordance with Figure 16.
- Figure 18 shows a variant of the arrangement shown in Figure 17.
- Figure 17 shows how the inner tube 14 in which water runs down is connected to a water pipe 3 other than the outer tube 13 in which a water/steam mixture with lower density moves upwards.
- the boiler water flows here in a first water pipe 3, descends via the inner tube 14, rises in the gap between tube 13 and tube 14 in one or more cooled devices 12 and flows out in a second water pipe 3.
- the cooling tubes are designed to make it easier for the boiler water to be sucked down in the inner tube 14.
- the inner tube 14 may, at its upper end 17, be shaped as a funnel 29 to reduce the pressure drop in this part and, to a certain extent, guide the rising steam/water mixture away from the inlet of the inner tube.
- This embodiment may also be applied when the cooled devices 12 are connected to a water pipe with boiler water in which a water flow is established.
- the effect of the water flow is utilised in the tube 3.
- the inner tube 14 has here, at its upper end, been given a mouth that is at a slant to the tube's longitudinal axis. This is so that the water that, in Figure 20, flows from left to right, finds it easier to flow into the inner tube 14 and establish a static pressure against the inlet of the inner tube.
- the embodiment is adapted to an established water flow in the pipe 3 which may contain some steam.
- the cooled device 12's connection to the water pipe 3 has here been arranged in an area 31 of the water pipe 3 in which the lower side of the water pipe 3 has been expanded to meet the outer tube 13. This lower position is advantageous if the water pipe 3 contains a lot of steam.
- Figure 22 shows how a lid has been arranged at the upper end 15 of the outer tube to cover part of the gap area between the outer tube 13 and the inner tube 14.
- the lid 32 prevents steam in the outer tube 13 from entering the water pipe 3 in this area. Steam goes instead out to the right in the figure, i.e. the steam continues in the water pipe.
- boiler water that comes from the left in the figure under increased pressure via the inlet is instead sucked down.
- the lid also produces an ejector effect on the steam/water mixture that flows out from the outer tube as the flow rate increases in this area.
- Figure 23 shows a similar embodiment but the lid 32 is extended here.
- the idea here is that the water flow passing with a certain increased ejector effect will take the steam/water mixture leaving the cooled device 12 with it.
- the embodiment in accordance with Figure 24 shows how the inner tube 14, at its upper end, is inclined towards the wall of the outer tube 13. This also results in a reduced risk of steam being sucked into the inner tube 14.
- the embodiment in accordance with Figure 25 shows how the embodiment in accordance with Figure 24 may be combined with the embodiment in accordance with Figure 21.
- Figure 26 shows an embodiment that, in principle, is similar to the embodiment in accordance with Figure 21.
- a through tube 21 has been added that can be used to suck out samples from the steam boiler or to add an additive.
- Figure 27 shows an embodiment that is similar to that in Figure 26 but in which the through tube 21 has also been utilised to introduce a thermocouple 20.
- Figure 28 shows an embodiment that is similar to that in accordance with Figure 27 but here a drainage tube 36 has also been added that can be used to drain the cooled device 12.
- Figure 29 shows an embodiment in which the inner tube 14 is arranged at the inner wall of the outer tube 13. This may also reduce the risk of steam being sucked down in the inner tube 14.
- the inner tube 14 may have a rear edge 37 at the side of the inner tube 14 that is downstream in the water pipe 3's direction of flow. The rear edge 37 that sticks up on the downstream side also contributes to reducing the risk of steam being sucked down in the inner tube 14.
- the inner tube 14 has been split in two in its upper part.
- the reference number 38 refers to the holder for the inner tube 14.
- Figures 31a and 31b show an embodiment in which the cooled devices 12 are arranged connected to a joint upper box 39 located at an angle in relation to the water pipe 3 for boiler water.
- the cooled devices 12 jointly form a wall that may, for example, be a partition wall.
- the cooled devices 12 may be connected to each other via the connection pieces 40, which may consist, for example, of welded-on sheet metal or flat steel.
- Figures 32a and 32b show an embodiment equivalent to that in accordance with Figure 31a but in which the lower ends of the cooled devices 12 are also connected via a joint lower box 34 that also constitutes a joint lower closed end for the outer tubes 13.
- Figures 33a and 33b show an embodiment that is, in principle, similar to that in Figure 32a. However, these figures also show a drainage tube 36 that has been passed down through an inner tube 14 in a cooling device 12.
- Figures 34a and 34b show an embodiment that differs from the embodiment in accordance with Figure 33a in that the drainage tube 36 does not run through an inner tube 14. Instead one of the outer tubes in a row of the cooled devices only contains a drainage tube. The flow of water down in the cooled devices 12 takes place here in the inner tubes 14 in the other cooled devices.
- the embodiments shown in the figures may be used in steam boilers of different types and, in principle, everywhere there is a heated space or a part that is exposed to heating and where there is also a flow of water in a pipe that passes the area or the part that needs to be cooled.
- the invention offers a simple method for cooling parts that are exposed to strong heat.
- the invention When the invention is applied to the outlet tube in a cyclone, it offers the advantage that the existing flow of boiler water can be used and no separate pipe is required into the cyclone from outside with the additional complications this entails. In addition, no separate pump for the flow of cooling water is required.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne une chaudière à vapeur (1) comportant un système de circulation pour l’eau de chaudière, qui comprend des conduites d’eau (3, 4) agencées de manière à transporter l’eau de chaudière et la vapeur à travers les conduites, avec un dispositif de refroidissement (12) conçu pour refroidir une partie découverte choisie de la chaudière à vapeur (1). Conformément à la présente invention, le dispositif de refroidissement (12) comprend un tube externe (13) et un tube interne (14) agencé dans le tube externe (13), lequel tube externe (13) comprend, sur son extrémité supérieure (15), un raccordement ouvert à l’une des conduites d’eau (3) pour l’eau de chaudière, conduite d’eau dans laquelle un flux est établi.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0800924A SE532301C2 (sv) | 2008-04-23 | 2008-04-23 | En ångpanna försedd med kyld anordning |
PCT/SE2009/050405 WO2009131525A1 (fr) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-20 | Chaudière à vapeur équipée d’un dispositif de refroidissement |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2281167A1 true EP2281167A1 (fr) | 2011-02-09 |
Family
ID=41217057
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09735467A Withdrawn EP2281167A1 (fr) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-20 | Chaudière à vapeur équipée d un dispositif de refroidissement |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110048343A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2281167A1 (fr) |
SE (1) | SE532301C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009131525A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150027663A1 (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-01-29 | Areva Inc. | Instrumented Steam Generator Anti-Vibration Bar |
CN110542145B (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-10-27 | 浙江海伊自控科技有限公司 | 一种单管循环的水地暖用铺设水管 |
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EP0135473A1 (fr) * | 1983-08-13 | 1985-03-27 | Arc Technologies Systems, Ltd. | Assemblage d'électrode pour fours à arc |
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US4920924A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1990-05-01 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Fluidized bed steam generating system including a steam cooled cyclone separator |
DE4131825A1 (de) * | 1991-09-20 | 1993-03-25 | Ver Energiewerke Ag | Verfahren und anordnung zum trennen des bruedenanteils aus einem bruedengas-kohlenstaub-gemisch |
US5226936A (en) * | 1991-11-21 | 1993-07-13 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Water-cooled cyclone separator |
FR2712378B1 (fr) * | 1993-11-10 | 1995-12-29 | Stein Industrie | Réacteur à lit fluidisé circulant à extensions de surface d'échange thermique. |
DE4400686C1 (de) * | 1994-01-12 | 1995-06-22 | Elco Kloeckner Heiztech Gmbh | Verbrennungsgasführung |
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JP4959156B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-29 | 2012-06-20 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 熱回収設備 |
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JP4664857B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-28 | 2011-04-06 | 株式会社東芝 | 蒸気タービン |
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2008
- 2008-04-23 SE SE0800924A patent/SE532301C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-04-20 EP EP09735467A patent/EP2281167A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-04-20 WO PCT/SE2009/050405 patent/WO2009131525A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-04-20 US US12/988,682 patent/US20110048343A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2009131525A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009131525A1 (fr) | 2009-10-29 |
US20110048343A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
SE532301C2 (sv) | 2009-12-08 |
SE0800924L (sv) | 2009-10-24 |
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