EP2270821B1 - Wind energy system with a converter and at least one high performance resistor - Google Patents

Wind energy system with a converter and at least one high performance resistor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2270821B1
EP2270821B1 EP10185934.6A EP10185934A EP2270821B1 EP 2270821 B1 EP2270821 B1 EP 2270821B1 EP 10185934 A EP10185934 A EP 10185934A EP 2270821 B1 EP2270821 B1 EP 2270821B1
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Prior art keywords
resistor
connection
wind power
power installation
performance
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EP10185934.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2270821A2 (en
EP2270821A3 (en
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Aloys Wobben
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Wobben Properties GmbH
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Wobben Properties GmbH
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Priority to SI200531815T priority Critical patent/SI2270821T1/en
Priority to PL10185934T priority patent/PL2270821T3/en
Publication of EP2270821A2 publication Critical patent/EP2270821A2/en
Publication of EP2270821A3 publication Critical patent/EP2270821A3/en
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Publication of EP2270821B1 publication Critical patent/EP2270821B1/en
Priority to CY20141100059T priority patent/CY1114779T1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C1/00—Details
    • H01C1/16—Resistor networks not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C3/00—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids
    • H01C3/10—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids the resistive element having zig-zag or sinusoidal configuration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine with an inverter and at least one high-power resistor.
  • Fig. 5 simplified and in Fig. 6 shown in sections
  • different connections are provided depending on the placement of a resistor element within the resistor.
  • the two outer elements one of which is in Fig. 6 can be seen, have a straight connection and a once folded, substantially rectangular bent connection.
  • the remaining resistance elements have two connection lugs, each bent once at right angles, but which are bent in opposite directions.
  • a starting and an end element 12, 13 and a predeterminable number of right and left intermediate elements 10, 11. While the intermediate elements 10, 11 are formed with two connections bent in opposite directions, the starting and ending elements Element 12, 13 each have a straight terminal for connection to a circuit, and a right-angled terminal for connection with an adjacent resistance element. Depending on the installation situation, the bent connection is bent to the left or to the right.
  • adjacent resistance elements are connected to each other at the right angles bent terminals, resulting from the length of the bent portion of the distance of the adjacent resistance elements to each other. Therefore compete as compact a design (without taking into account thermal aspects) and a montage friendly arrangement of the resistance elements together.
  • the distance between adjacent resistance elements in the interest of a compact design should be as low as possible, but on the other hand, a larger distance between adjacent resistance elements is easier to install than a smaller one.
  • DE 10 206 828 shows a wind turbine with a converter and a load resistor.
  • US 5,159,310 shows a special load resistance.
  • US 2,647,978 shows a high-power resistor with a plurality of electrically connected in series resistive elements.
  • the resistance elements are connected to each other via rods.
  • a connection is provided, wherein the connection is configured at right angles to the resistance element.
  • a connecting piece is attached in each case, wherein resistance elements are connected to each other by means of the connecting pieces via the rods.
  • US 2,662,958 also shows a high power resistor having a plurality of resistive elements electrically connected in series.
  • the resistance elements have at their two ends in each case terminals for connecting the resistor elements.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a compact and easy to install high performance resistor.
  • a wind turbine with a converter and at least one high-power resistor having a plurality of electrically connected in series resistive elements each having a first and a second side and a first and second end is provided, wherein at the first end a first terminal and at the second end a second terminal is provided for connecting the resistor elements, characterized in that the first and second terminal having an inner portion and an outer portion, wherein the inner portion of the first terminal in a predetermined angle with respect to the first side of the resistance element is bent and the outer portion of the first terminal lies in a plane which is substantially parallel to the plane of the resistance element, and wherein the inner portion of the second terminal at a predetermined angle relative to the second side of the resistance element is bent and the outer portion of the second terminal lies in a plane which is substantially parallel to the plane of the resistive element and wherein the high-power resistor is disposed in the vicinity of the inverter.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that in the embodiment according to the invention, the distance between the terminals on one side of the resistance elements and thus the space available during assembly between adjacent terminals is doubled to twice the plate spacing.
  • the assembly at the same distance of the resistive elements and thus the same size of the high-power resistor is greatly facilitated.
  • the connections are offset by a predetermined amount on both sides with respect to the longitudinal axis of the resistance element.
  • a high-performance resistor according to the invention can be constructed from similar standard resistance elements by suitable arrangement of the individual resistance elements.
  • a high-performance resistor which can be advantageously used as a load resistor (dump load) in power generators, in particular wind turbines.
  • a load resistor dump load
  • several high-power resistors can be arranged in cabinets or other suitable racks, so as to achieve a dimensioning for a sufficiently large allowable power loss.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a high-performance resistor according to the invention.
  • This high-performance resistor consists of first resistance elements 10 and second resistance elements 11, which are arranged alternately one behind the other.
  • the design of the high-power resistor shown in this figure is achieved by the resistance elements 10, 11 are threaded onto holder 20, which are designed here as a threaded rod.
  • spacers 21 are provided. These spacers 21 are made of an insulating material and at the same time isolate the resistive elements 10, 11 from the holder 20. This can be done in a known manner by z. B. a short extension of a spacer with a smaller outer diameter than the visible in the Fig.
  • each of the resistive elements 10, 11 engages and thus the resistance element on the (not shown) extension of the spacer 21 rests all around and thus is isolated from the holder 20.
  • the isolation can also be done by one or more patch on the holder, suitable sleeves.
  • the first and second resistance elements 10, 11 are configured in such a way that they each have a connection 16a, 16b at their two ends, wherein one of the connections 16a is bent towards the one side 10a and the other connection 16b is bent towards the other side 10b.
  • the terminals 16a, 16b have an inner and an outer portion.
  • the inner portion is bent in each case toward a first or second side of the resistance element, and the outer portion is then configured again substantially parallel to the respective resistance element. Due to the parallel configuration of the outer portion of the terminals 16a, 16b mounting of the respective resistive elements is substantially simplified.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a high-performance resistor according to the invention shown.
  • first resistance elements 10 and second resistance elements 11 are alternately arranged and mechanically connected to one another by means of holders 20 and spacers 21.
  • the adjacent resistance elements 10, 11 are connected to each other facing terminals 16 by screws. In this way, electrically results in a series connection of the individual resistance elements 10, 11.
  • the two outer resistance elements have on their right in the Fig. Right side each have a free terminal 16, to which they can be connected to the electrical leads.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of a resistor element according to the invention.
  • This resistor element 10 differs from that of the first embodiment by the arrangement of the terminals 16. These terminals 16 are offset by a predetermined amount d1, d2 relative to the marked longitudinal axis 25 of the resistance element 10, ie a connection is above the longitudinal axis and one is below the Longitudinal axis arranged.
  • the further structure substantially corresponds to the structure in the previous embodiment.
  • holder 20 and spacers 21 are provided.
  • adjacent resistance elements are also connected to each other in this embodiment for establishing an electrical connection to the terminals 16 by screws. It can clearly be seen in this figure, however, that the connection 16 is located above the holder 20 in the left-hand area of the FIGURE, while the connection 16 is located in the FIG right portion of Fig. An equal dimension below the corresponding holder 20 is located.
  • Fig. 4 shows a side view of a high power resistor of this second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the spacers 21 which together with the holder 20, the mechanical connection of the resistive elements 10 with each other.
  • the electrical connections are in turn made by screw connections to the terminals 16, the terminals 16 being free at the two outer resistance elements in order to allow the connection of electrical lines.
  • the decisive difference compared to the first embodiment is that only a single resistance element 10 is needed here in order to build up a resistor according to the invention. This results from the staggered arrangement of the terminals 16 with respect to the center line of the resistor element 10. This staggered arrangement makes it possible to connect the resistor elements by a suitably oriented arrangement according to the invention to a high-power resistor.
  • the resistance elements preferably all have the same or identical construction.
  • the high-power resistor described above can be advantageously arranged as a load resistor in the cabinets of the power electronics of a wind turbine or in a separate rack in a wind turbine to be used as a dump load.
  • the dimensioning of the high-power resistors is carried out in such a way that a sufficiently large allowable power loss can be achieved.
  • the power generated by the electric generator of the wind turbine can not be delivered to a network or should not be delivered, this electrical power is dissipated in whole or in part via the high-power resistor.
  • a fast power control can be done. Since such a power control is an electrical regulation, an adjustment of the pitch angle of the rotor blades of the wind energy plant is initially not absolutely necessary.
  • the high-power resistor or a plurality of high-power resistors is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the inverter of the wind turbine.
  • Embodiment 1 High power resistor comprising a plurality of electrically series connected resistive elements 10, 11 each having first and second sides 10a, 10b; 11a, 11b and first and second ends 10c, 10d; 11c, 11d, wherein at the first end 10c, 11c, a first terminal 16a and at the second end 10d; 11d, a second terminal 16b is provided for connecting resistor elements 10, 11, characterized in that the first and second terminals 16a, 16b each have an inner portion and an outer portion, wherein the inner portion of the first terminal 16a is bent at a predetermined angle with respect to the first side 10a, 11a of the resistive element 10, 11 and the outer portion of the first terminal 16a lies in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the resistive element 10, 11 lies, and wherein the inner portion of the second terminal 16b is bent at a predetermined angle with respect to the second side 10b, 11b of the resistive element 10, 11 and the outer portion of the second terminal 16b lies in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the
  • Embodiment 2 High-power resistor according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the first terminal 16a is offset a first predetermined dimension d1 with respect to the longitudinal axis 25 of the resistive element 10, 11 and the second terminal 16a is displaced a second predetermined amount d2 with respect to the longitudinal axis 25 of the resistive element 10, 11 ,
  • Embodiment 3 Use of at least one high-power resistor according to one of the preceding embodiments as a load resistance for a wind energy plant.
  • Embodiment 4 Wind turbine with at least one high-power resistor according to one of the embodiments 1-2.
  • Embodiment 5 A wind turbine according to Embodiment 4, wherein the at least one high-power resistor is used as a load resistor.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Windenergieanlage mit einem Umrichter und wenigstens einem Hochleistungswiderstand.The present invention relates to a wind turbine with an inverter and at least one high-power resistor.

Bei bekannten Hochleistungswiderständen, wie dem in Fig. 5 vereinfacht und in Fig. 6 ausschnittsweise dargestellt, sind je nach Platzierung eines Widerstandselements innerhalb des Widerstandes unterschiedliche Anschlüsse vorgesehen. Die beiden äußeren Elemente, von denen eines in Fig. 6 erkennbar ist, weisen einen geraden Anschluss und einen einmal abgekanteten, im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig abgebogenen Anschluss auf. Die übrigen Widerstandselemente weisen zwei jeweils einmal rechtwinklig abgebogene Anschlussfahnen auf, die aber in entgegengesetzten Richtungen abgebogen sind.In known high power resistors, such as in Fig. 5 simplified and in Fig. 6 shown in sections, different connections are provided depending on the placement of a resistor element within the resistor. The two outer elements, one of which is in Fig. 6 can be seen, have a straight connection and a once folded, substantially rectangular bent connection. The remaining resistance elements have two connection lugs, each bent once at right angles, but which are bent in opposite directions.

Wie in Fig. 5 erkennbar ist, sind daher zur Herstellung eines Hochleistungswiderstandes vier unterschiedliche Arten von Widerstandselementen erforderlich. Dies sind ein Anfangs- und ein End-Element 12, 13 sowie eine vorgebbare Anzahl von rechten und linken Zwischenelementen 10, 11. Während die Zwischenelemente 10, 11 mit zwei in entgegengesetzten Richtungen abgebogenen Anschlüssen ausgebildet sind, weisen das Anfangs- und das End-Element 12, 13 jeweils einen geraden Anschluss zur Verbindung mit einem Stromkreis auf, und einen rechtwinklig abgebogenen Anschluss zur Verbindung mit einem benachbarten Widerstandselement. Je nach Einbausituation ist der abgebogene Anschluss nach links oder nach rechts abgebogen.As in Fig. 5 can be seen, therefore, four different types of resistive elements are required to produce a high power resistor. These are a starting and an end element 12, 13 and a predeterminable number of right and left intermediate elements 10, 11. While the intermediate elements 10, 11 are formed with two connections bent in opposite directions, the starting and ending elements Element 12, 13 each have a straight terminal for connection to a circuit, and a right-angled terminal for connection with an adjacent resistance element. Depending on the installation situation, the bent connection is bent to the left or to the right.

Da benachbarte Widerstandselemente an den rechtwinklig abgebogenen Anschlüssen miteinander verbunden werden, ergibt sich aus der Länge des abgebogenen Abschnitts der Abstand der benachbarten Widerstandselemente zueinander. Hier konkurrieren daher eine möglichst kompakte Bauform (ohne Berücksichtigung thermischer Aspekte) und eine möglichst montagefreundliche Anordnung der Widerstandselemente miteinander. Einerseits soll der Abstand zwischen benachbarten Widerstandselementen im Interesse einer kompakten Bauform möglichst gering sein, andererseits ist aber ein größerer Abstand zwischen benachbarten Widerstandselementen montagefreundlicher als ein kleinerer.Since adjacent resistance elements are connected to each other at the right angles bent terminals, resulting from the length of the bent portion of the distance of the adjacent resistance elements to each other. Therefore compete as compact a design (without taking into account thermal aspects) and a montage friendly arrangement of the resistance elements together. On the one hand, the distance between adjacent resistance elements in the interest of a compact design should be as low as possible, but on the other hand, a larger distance between adjacent resistance elements is easier to install than a smaller one.

DE 10 206 828 zeigt eine Windenergieanlage mit einem Umrichter und einem Lastwiderstand. US 5 159 310 zeigt einem speziellen Lastwiderstand. DE 10 206 828 shows a wind turbine with a converter and a load resistor. US 5,159,310 shows a special load resistance.

US 2,647,978 zeigt einen Hochleistungswiderstand mit mehreren elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Widerstandselementen. Die Widerstandselemente werden über Stangen miteinander verbunden. An den beiden Enden der Widerstandselemente ist jeweils ein Anschluss vorgesehen, wobei der Anschluss rechtwinklig zum Widerstandselement ausgestaltet ist. An diesem Anschluss wird jeweils ein Anschlussstück befestigt, wobei Widerstandselemente mittels der Anschlussstücke über die Stangen miteinander verbunden werden. US 2,647,978 shows a high-power resistor with a plurality of electrically connected in series resistive elements. The resistance elements are connected to each other via rods. At each of the two ends of the resistance elements, a connection is provided, wherein the connection is configured at right angles to the resistance element. In this connection, a connecting piece is attached in each case, wherein resistance elements are connected to each other by means of the connecting pieces via the rods.

US 2,662,958 zeigt ebenfalls einen Hochleistungswiderstand mit mehreren elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Widerstandselementen. Die Widerstandselemente weisen an ihren beiden Enden jeweils Anschlüsse zum Verbinden der Widerstandselemente auf. US 2,662,958 also shows a high power resistor having a plurality of resistive elements electrically connected in series. The resistance elements have at their two ends in each case terminals for connecting the resistor elements.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen kompakten und gleichzeitig montagefreundlichen Hochleistungswiderstand zu schaffen.The object of the invention is to provide a compact and easy to install high performance resistor.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Windenergieanlage gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a wind energy plant according to claim 1.

Hierbei wird eine Windenergieanlage mit einem Umrichter und wenigstens einem Hochleistungswiderstand mit mehreren elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Widerstandselementen jeweils mit einer ersten und einer zweiten Seite und einem ersten und zweiten Ende vorgesehen, wobei an dem ersten Ende ein erster Anschluss und an dem zweiten Ende ein zweiter Anschluss zum Verbinden der Widerstandselemente vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste und zweite Anschluss einen inneren Abschnitt und einen äußeren Abschnitt aufweist, wobei der innere Abschnitt des ersten Anschlusses in einem vorgegebenen Winkel gegenüber der ersten Seite des Widerstandselementes gebogen ist und der äußere Abschnitt des ersten Anschlusses in einer Ebene liegt, die im Wesentlichen parallel zur Ebene des Widerstandselementes liegt, und wobei der innere Abschnitt des zweiten Anschlusses in einem vorgegebenen Winkel gegenüber der zweiten Seite des Widerstandselementes gebogen ist und der äußere Abschnitt des zweiten Anschlusses in einer Ebene liegt, die im Wesentlichen parallel zur Ebene des Widerstandselementes liegt und wobei der Hochleistungswiderstand in der Nähe des Umrichters angeordnet ist.In this case, a wind turbine with a converter and at least one high-power resistor having a plurality of electrically connected in series resistive elements each having a first and a second side and a first and second end is provided, wherein at the first end a first terminal and at the second end a second terminal is provided for connecting the resistor elements, characterized in that the first and second terminal having an inner portion and an outer portion, wherein the inner portion of the first terminal in a predetermined angle with respect to the first side of the resistance element is bent and the outer portion of the first terminal lies in a plane which is substantially parallel to the plane of the resistance element, and wherein the inner portion of the second terminal at a predetermined angle relative to the second side of the resistance element is bent and the outer portion of the second terminal lies in a plane which is substantially parallel to the plane of the resistive element and wherein the high-power resistor is disposed in the vicinity of the inverter.

Dabei liegt der Erfindung die Erkenntnis zu Grunde, dass bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform der Abstand der Anschlüsse an einer Seite der Widerstandselemente und damit der bei der Montage zur Verfügung stehende Raum zwischen benachbarten Anschlüssen sich auf das Zweifache des Plattenabstands verdoppelt. Damit wird die Montage bei gleichbleibendem Abstand der Widerstandselemente und damit gleicher Baugröße des Hochleistungswiderstandes außerordentlich erleichtert.In this case, the invention is based on the recognition that in the embodiment according to the invention, the distance between the terminals on one side of the resistance elements and thus the space available during assembly between adjacent terminals is doubled to twice the plate spacing. Thus, the assembly at the same distance of the resistive elements and thus the same size of the high-power resistor is greatly facilitated.

In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die Anschlüsse ein vorgegebenes Maß beidseitig gegenüber der Längsachse des Widerstandselementes versetzt. Dadurch, dass also einer der Anschlüsse ein vorgegebenes Maß oberhalb und der andere das gleiche Maß unterhalb der Längsachse ausgebildet ist, kann durch geeignete Anordnung der einzelnen Widerstandselemente ein erfindungsgemäßer Hochleistungswiderstand aus gleichartigen Standard-Widerstandselementen aufgebaut werden.In a preferred development of the invention, the connections are offset by a predetermined amount on both sides with respect to the longitudinal axis of the resistance element. By virtue of the fact that one of the connections has a predetermined dimension above and the other the same dimension below the longitudinal axis, a high-performance resistor according to the invention can be constructed from similar standard resistance elements by suitable arrangement of the individual resistance elements.

Auf die vorbeschriebene Weise wird ein Hochleistungswiderstand geschaffen, der vorteilhaft als Lastwiderstand (Dump Load) bei Energieerzeugern, insbesondere Windenergieanlagen, verwendet werden kann. Dazu können mehrere Hochleistungswiderstände in Schränken oder anderen geeigneten Gestellen angeordnet werden, um so eine Dimensionierung für eine ausreichend große zulässige Verlustleistung zu erreichen.In the manner described above, a high-performance resistor is provided, which can be advantageously used as a load resistor (dump load) in power generators, in particular wind turbines. For this purpose, several high-power resistors can be arranged in cabinets or other suitable racks, so as to achieve a dimensioning for a sufficiently large allowable power loss.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der Fig. näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungs- gemäßen Hochleistungswiderstandes;
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf den in Fig. 1 dargestellten Hochleistungswiderstand;
Fig. 3
eine Vorderansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Hochleistungswiderstandes;
Fig. 4
eine perspektivische Seitenansicht des in Fig. 3 dargestellten Hochleistungswi- derstandes;
Fig. 5
eine vereinfachte Draufsicht auf einen bekannten Hochleistungswiderstand; und
Fig. 6
Einzelheiten des bekannten Hochleistungswiderstandes.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. Showing:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a first embodiment of a high-performance resistor according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a top view of the in Fig. 1 illustrated high power resistor;
Fig. 3
a front view of a second embodiment of a high-power resistor according to the invention;
Fig. 4
a side perspective view of the Fig. 3 high performance resistance;
Fig. 5
a simplified plan view of a known high-power resistor; and
Fig. 6
Details of the known high power resistor.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Hochleistungswiderstandes. Dieser Hochleistungs-widerstand besteht aus ersten Widerstandselementen 10 und zweiten Widerstandselementen 11, die abwechselnd hintereinander angeordnet sind. Die in dieser Fig. dargestellte Bauform des Hochleistungswiderstandes wird erreicht, indem die Widerstandselemente 10, 11 auf Halter 20 aufgefädelt werden, die hier als Gewindestange ausgebildet sind. Um die Widerstandselemente fest einbauen zu können, sind Distanzstücke 21 vorgesehen. Diese Distanzstücke 21 bestehen aus einem Isoliermaterial und isolieren gleichzeitig die Widerstandselemente 10, 11 von dem Halter 20. Dies kann in bekannter Weise geschehen, indem z. B. ein kurzer Fortsatz eines Distanzstückes mit einem geringeren Außendurchmesser als dem in der Fig. sichtbaren in eine entsprechend groß ausgeführte Bohrung in jedem der Widerstandselemente 10, 11 eingreift und somit das Widerstandselement auf dem(nicht dargestellten) Fortsatz des Distanzstücks 21 rundum aufliegt und damit von dem Halter 20 isoliert ist. Natürlich kann die Isolierung auch durch eine oder mehrere auf die Halter aufgesetzte, geeignete Hülsen erfolgen. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a high-performance resistor according to the invention. This high-performance resistor consists of first resistance elements 10 and second resistance elements 11, which are arranged alternately one behind the other. The design of the high-power resistor shown in this figure is achieved by the resistance elements 10, 11 are threaded onto holder 20, which are designed here as a threaded rod. In order to permanently install the resistance elements, spacers 21 are provided. These spacers 21 are made of an insulating material and at the same time isolate the resistive elements 10, 11 from the holder 20. This can be done in a known manner by z. B. a short extension of a spacer with a smaller outer diameter than the visible in the Fig. In a correspondingly large hole in each of the resistive elements 10, 11 engages and thus the resistance element on the (not shown) extension of the spacer 21 rests all around and thus is isolated from the holder 20. Of course, the isolation can also be done by one or more patch on the holder, suitable sleeves.

Die elektrische Verbindung der Widerstandselemente 10, 11 untereinander erfolgt mittels Schraubverbindungen an den Anschlüssen 16, wobei auch andere elektrisch leitende Verbindungen möglich sind. Gut zu erkennen ist dies bei dem vordersten Widerstandselement 10. Rechts im Bild ist ein Anschluss 16 frei. Dieser dient dem elektrischen Anschluss des Hochleistungswiderstandes. Hier können also auf einfache Weise z. B. Kabel oder andere, geeignete Gegenstücke angeschlossen werden. Der linke Anschluss 16 dieses vorderen Widerstandselementes 10 ist mittels zweier Schrauben 23 mit dem entsprechenden Anschluss des nachfolgenden Widerstandselementes 11 verbunden. Die Verbindung der einzelnen Widerstandselemente 10, 11 untereinander zu dem erfindungsgemäßen Hochleistungswiderstand ist in Fig. 2 gut erkennbar.The electrical connection of the resistance elements 10, 11 to each other by means of screw connections to the terminals 16, wherein other electrically conductive connections are possible. This can be clearly seen in the foremost resistance element 10. Right in the picture, a connection 16 is free. This serves for the electrical connection of the high-power resistor. So here in a simple way z. As cables or other, suitable counterparts are connected. The left-hand terminal 16 of this front resistance element 10 is connected by means of two screws 23 to the corresponding terminal of the following resistance element 11. The connection of the individual resistance elements 10, 11 to each other to the high-performance resistor according to the invention is in Fig. 2 good to see.

Die ersten und zweiten Widerstandselemente 10, 11 sind dabei derart ausgestaltet, dass sie an ihren beiden Enden jeweils einen Anschluss 16a, 16b aufweisen, wobei einer der Anschlüsse 16a zur einen Seite 10a und der andere Anschluss 16b zur anderen Seite 10b hin gebogen ist. Vorzugsweise weisen die Anschlüsse 16a, 16b einen inneren und einen äußeren Abschnitt auf. Hierbei ist der innere Abschnitt jeweils zu einer ersten oder zweiten Seite des Widerstandselementes hin gebogen, und der äußere Abschnitt ist dann wieder im Wesentlichen parallel zu dem jeweiligen Widerstandselement ausgestaltet. Durch die parallele Ausgestaltung des äußeren Abschnittes der Anschlüsse 16a, 16b wird eine Montage der jeweiligen Widerstandselemente wesentlich vereinfacht.The first and second resistance elements 10, 11 are configured in such a way that they each have a connection 16a, 16b at their two ends, wherein one of the connections 16a is bent towards the one side 10a and the other connection 16b is bent towards the other side 10b. Preferably, the terminals 16a, 16b have an inner and an outer portion. In this case, the inner portion is bent in each case toward a first or second side of the resistance element, and the outer portion is then configured again substantially parallel to the respective resistance element. Due to the parallel configuration of the outer portion of the terminals 16a, 16b mounting of the respective resistive elements is substantially simplified.

In dieser Fig. 2 ist eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Hochleistungswiderstand dargestellt. Vom unteren Bildrand beginnend sind abwechselnd erste Widerstandselemente 10 und zweite Widerstandselemente 11 angeordnet und mittels Halter 20 und Distanzstücken 21 mechanisch miteinander verbunden. Abgesehen von den beiden äußeren Widerstandselementen sind die benachbarten Widerstandselemente 10, 11 an den jeweils einander zugewandten Anschlüssen 16 durch Schrauben miteinander verbunden. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich elektrisch eine Reihenschaltung der einzelnen Widerstandselemente 10, 11. Die beiden äußeren Widerstandselemente weisen an ihrer in der Fig. rechten Seite jeweils einen freien Anschluss 16 auf, an welchen diese mit den elektrischen Zuleitungen verbunden werden können.In this Fig. 2 is a plan view of a high-performance resistor according to the invention shown. Starting from the lower edge of the image, first resistance elements 10 and second resistance elements 11 are alternately arranged and mechanically connected to one another by means of holders 20 and spacers 21. Apart from the two outer resistance elements, the adjacent resistance elements 10, 11 are connected to each other facing terminals 16 by screws. In this way, electrically results in a series connection of the individual resistance elements 10, 11. The two outer resistance elements have on their right in the Fig. Right side each have a free terminal 16, to which they can be connected to the electrical leads.

In dieser Fig. 2 ist auch gut zu erkennen, dass der Zwischenraum zwischen benachbarten Anschlüssen an einer Seite des Hochleistungswiderstandes dem zweifachen Abstand zwischen benachbarten Widerstandselementen entspricht.In this Fig. 2 It will also be appreciated that the gap between adjacent terminals on one side of the high power resistor is twice the distance between adjacent resistor elements.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Widerstandselementes. Dieses Widerstandselement 10 unterscheidet sich von demjenigen der ersten Ausführungsform durch die Anordnung der Anschlüsse 16. Diese Anschlüsse 16 sind um ein vorgegebenes Maß d1, d2 gegenüber der eingezeichneten Längsachse 25 des Widerstandselementes 10 versetzt, d. h. ein Anschluss ist oberhalb der Längsachse und einer ist unterhalb der Längsachse angeordnet. Der weitere Aufbau entspricht im Wesentlichen dem Aufbau in der vorherigen Ausführungsform. Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform sind natürlich Halter 20 und Distanzstücke 21 vorgesehen. Weiterhin werden benachbarte Widerstandselemente auch in dieser Ausführungsform zum Herstellen einer elektrischen Verbindung an den Anschlüssen 16 durch Schrauben miteinander verbunden. Deutlich ist in dieser Fig. aber zu erkennen, dass sich der Anschluss 16 im linken Bereich der Fig. oberhalb des Halters 20 befindet, während sich der Anschluss 16 im rechten Bereich der Fig. ein gleiches Maß unterhalb des entsprechenden Halters 20 befindet. Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of a resistor element according to the invention. This resistor element 10 differs from that of the first embodiment by the arrangement of the terminals 16. These terminals 16 are offset by a predetermined amount d1, d2 relative to the marked longitudinal axis 25 of the resistance element 10, ie a connection is above the longitudinal axis and one is below the Longitudinal axis arranged. The further structure substantially corresponds to the structure in the previous embodiment. Also in this embodiment, of course, holder 20 and spacers 21 are provided. Furthermore, adjacent resistance elements are also connected to each other in this embodiment for establishing an electrical connection to the terminals 16 by screws. It can clearly be seen in this figure, however, that the connection 16 is located above the holder 20 in the left-hand area of the FIGURE, while the connection 16 is located in the FIG right portion of Fig. An equal dimension below the corresponding holder 20 is located.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines Hochleistungswiderstandes dieser zweiten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung. Deutlich erkennbar sind wiederum die Distanzstücke 21, die zusammen mit dem Halter 20 die mechanische Verbindung der Widerstandselemente 10 untereinander bilden. Auch in dieser Fig. ist deutlich erkennbar, dass die elektrischen Verbindungen wiederum durch Schraubverbindungen an den Anschlüssen 16 erfolgen, wobei an den beiden äußeren Widerstandselementen die Anschlüsse 16 frei sind, um den Anschluss elektrischer Leitungen zu ermöglichen. Fig. 4 shows a side view of a high power resistor of this second embodiment of the present invention. Clearly recognizable in turn are the spacers 21, which together with the holder 20, the mechanical connection of the resistive elements 10 with each other. It can also be clearly seen in this figure that the electrical connections are in turn made by screw connections to the terminals 16, the terminals 16 being free at the two outer resistance elements in order to allow the connection of electrical lines.

Der entscheidende Unterschied gegenüber der ersten Ausführungsform liegt darin, dass hier nur noch ein einziges Widerstandselement 10 benötigt wird, um einen erfindungsgemäßen Widerstand aufzubauen. Dies ergibt sich aus der versetzten Anordnung der Anschlüsse 16 gegenüber der Mittellinie des Widerstandselementes 10. Diese versetzte Anordnung erlaubt es, die Widerstandselemente durch eine geeignet ausgerichtete Anordnung erfindungsgemäß zu einem Hochleistungswiderstand zu verbinden.The decisive difference compared to the first embodiment is that only a single resistance element 10 is needed here in order to build up a resistor according to the invention. This results from the staggered arrangement of the terminals 16 with respect to the center line of the resistor element 10. This staggered arrangement makes it possible to connect the resistor elements by a suitably oriented arrangement according to the invention to a high-power resistor.

Wie oben beschrieben, werden gemäß der Erfindung vorzugsweise flächige Widerstandselemente vorgesehen. Die Widerstandselemente weisen vorzugsweise alle den gleichen bzw. identischen Aufbau auf. Der oben beschriebene Hochleistungswiderstand kann vorteilhafterweise als ein Lastwiderstand in den Schränken der Leistungselektronik einer Windenergieanlage oder in einem gesonderten Gestell in einer Windenergieanlage angeordnet werden, um als Dump Load verwendet zu werden. Die Dimensionierung der Hochleistungswiderstände erfolgt dabei derart, dass eine ausreichend große zulässige Verlustleistung erreicht werden kann.As described above, according to the invention preferably flat resistive elements are provided. The resistance elements preferably all have the same or identical construction. The high-power resistor described above can be advantageously arranged as a load resistor in the cabinets of the power electronics of a wind turbine or in a separate rack in a wind turbine to be used as a dump load. The dimensioning of the high-power resistors is carried out in such a way that a sufficiently large allowable power loss can be achieved.

Wenn die von dem elektrischen Generator der Windenergieanlage erzeugte Leistung nicht an ein Netz abgegeben werden kann bzw. nicht abgegeben werden soll, wird diese elektrische Leistung ganz bzw. teilweise über den Hochleistungswiderstand abgeführt. Somit kann eine schnelle Leistungsregelung erfolgen. Da es sich bei einer derartigen Leistungsregelung um eine elektrische Regelung handelt, ist ein Verstellen des Pitchwinkels der Rotorblätter der Windenergieanlage zunächst nicht unbedingt erforderlich.If the power generated by the electric generator of the wind turbine can not be delivered to a network or should not be delivered, this electrical power is dissipated in whole or in part via the high-power resistor. Thus, a fast power control can be done. Since such a power control is an electrical regulation, an adjustment of the pitch angle of the rotor blades of the wind energy plant is initially not absolutely necessary.

Der Hochleistungswiderstand bzw. eine Vielzahl von Hochleistungswiderständen wird vorzugsweise in Nähe des Umrichters der Windenergieanlage angeordnet.The high-power resistor or a plurality of high-power resistors is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the inverter of the wind turbine.

Nachfolgend eine Liste weiterer Ausführungsfornen der ErfindungBelow is a list of further embodiments of the invention

Ausführungsform 1 Hochleistungswiderstand, mit mehreren elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Widerstandselementen 10, 11 jeweils mit einer ersten und einer zweiten Seite 10a, 10b; 11a, 11b und einem ersten und zweiten Ende 10c, 10d; 11c, 11d, wobei an dem ersten Ende 10c, 11c ein erster Anschluss 16a und an dem zweiten Ende 10d; 11d ein zweiter Anschluss 16b zum Verbinden von Widerstandselementen 10, 11 vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste und zweite Anschluss 16a, 16b jeweils einen inneren Abschnitt und einen äußeren Abschnitt aufweist,
wobei der innere Abschnitt des ersten Anschlusses 16a in einem vorgegebenen Winkel gegenüber der ersten Seite 10a, 11a des Widerstandselementes 10, 11 gebogen ist und der äußere Abschnitt des ersten Anschlusses 16a in einer Ebene liegt, die im Wesentlichen parallel zur Ebene des Widerstandselementes 10, 11 liegt, und
wobei der innere Abschnitt des zweiten Anschlusses 16b in einem vorgegebenen Winkel gegenüber der zweiten Seite 10b, 11b des Widerstandselementes 10, 11 gebogen ist und der äußere Abschnitt des zweiten Anschlusses 16b in einer Ebene liegt, die im Wesentlichen parallel zur Ebene des Widerstandselementes 10, 11 liegt.Embodiment 1 High power resistor comprising a plurality of electrically series connected resistive elements 10, 11 each having first and second sides 10a, 10b; 11a, 11b and first and second ends 10c, 10d; 11c, 11d, wherein at the first end 10c, 11c, a first terminal 16a and at the second end 10d; 11d, a second terminal 16b is provided for connecting resistor elements 10, 11, characterized in that the first and second terminals 16a, 16b each have an inner portion and an outer portion,
wherein the inner portion of the first terminal 16a is bent at a predetermined angle with respect to the first side 10a, 11a of the resistive element 10, 11 and the outer portion of the first terminal 16a lies in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the resistive element 10, 11 lies, and
wherein the inner portion of the second terminal 16b is bent at a predetermined angle with respect to the second side 10b, 11b of the resistive element 10, 11 and the outer portion of the second terminal 16b lies in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the resistive element 10, 11 lies.

Ausführungsform 2 Hochleistungswiderstand nach Ausführungsform 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Anschluss 16a ein erstes vorgegebenes Maß d1 gegenüber der Längsachse 25 des Widerstandselementes 10, 11 und der zweite Anschluss 16a ein zweites vorgegebenes Maß d2 gegenüber der Längsachse 25 des Widerstandselementes 10, 11 versetzt ist.Embodiment 2 High-power resistor according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the first terminal 16a is offset a first predetermined dimension d1 with respect to the longitudinal axis 25 of the resistive element 10, 11 and the second terminal 16a is displaced a second predetermined amount d2 with respect to the longitudinal axis 25 of the resistive element 10, 11 ,

Ausführungsform 3 Verwendung wenigstens eines Hochleistungswiderstandes nach einer der vorstehenden Ausführungsformen als Lastwiderstand für eine Windenergieanlage.Embodiment 3 Use of at least one high-power resistor according to one of the preceding embodiments as a load resistance for a wind energy plant.

Ausführungsform 4 Windenergieanlage mit mindestens einem Hochleistungswiderstand nach einer der Ausführungsformen 1-2.Embodiment 4 Wind turbine with at least one high-power resistor according to one of the embodiments 1-2.

Ausführungsform 5 Windenergieanlage nach Ausführungsform 4, wobei der mindestens eine Hochleistungswiderstand als ein Lastwiderstand verwendet wird.Embodiment 5 A wind turbine according to Embodiment 4, wherein the at least one high-power resistor is used as a load resistor.

Claims (5)

  1. A wind power installation having a converter and at least one high-performance resistor comprising a plurality of resistor elements (10, 11) electrically connected in series and each having a first and a second side (10a, 10b; 11a, 11b) and a first and a second end (10c, 10d; 11c, 11d), there being provided at the first end (10c, 11c) a first connection (16a) and at the second end (10d; 11d) a second connection (16b) for connection of resistor elements (10, 11), characterised in that the first and second connections (16a, 16b) each have an inner portion and an outer portion,
    wherein the inner portion of the first connection (16a) is bent at a predefined angle to the first side (10a, 11 a) of the resistor element (10, 11) and the outer portion of the first connection (16a) lies in a plane that is substantially parallel to the plane of the resistor element (10, 11), and
    wherein the inner portion of the second connection (16b) is bent at a predefined angle to the second side (10b, 11 b) of the resistor element (10, 11) and the outer portion of the second connection (16b) lies in a plane that is substantially parallel to the plane of the resistor element (10, 11), and wherein the high-performance resistor is disposed in the vicinity of the converter,
    wherein the first connection (16a) is offset from the longitudinal axis (25) of the resistor element (10, 11) by a first predefined extent (d1) and the second connection (16a) is offset from the longitudinal axis (25) of the resistor element (10, 11) by a second predefined extent (d2),
    wherein the first extent (d1) corresponds to the second extent (d2) and the first and second connections are offset in the opposite direction to the longitudinal axis.
  2. A wind power installation according to claim 1,
    characterised in that the wind power installation has an electric generator and that, when the power generated by the electric generator of the wind power installation cannot be or is not to be delivered to a grid, that electrical power is entirely or partially dissipated by way of the high-performance resistor.
  3. A wind power installation according to claim 2,
    characterised in that the dissipation of electrical power by way of the high-performance resistor provides an electrical regulation which makes adjustment of the pitch angle of the rotor blades of the wind power installation unnecessary.
  4. A wind power installation according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that the at least one high-performance resistor is used as a load resistor.
  5. A wind power installation according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that a plurality of high-performance resistors are disposed in cabinets or other suitable racks.
EP10185934.6A 2004-07-09 2005-07-08 Wind energy system with a converter and at least one high performance resistor Active EP2270821B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200531815T SI2270821T1 (en) 2004-07-09 2005-07-08 Wind energy system with a converter and at least one high performance resistor
PL10185934T PL2270821T3 (en) 2004-07-09 2005-07-08 Wind energy system with a converter and at least one high performance resistor
CY20141100059T CY1114779T1 (en) 2004-07-09 2014-01-24 WIND ENERGY INSTALLATION WITH A REVERSE AND ATTACHMENT WITH A HIGH PERFORMANCE

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102004033680A DE102004033680B4 (en) 2004-07-09 2004-07-09 load resistance
EP05770177.3A EP1769514B1 (en) 2004-07-09 2005-07-08 High performance load resistor

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EP05770177.3A Division-Into EP1769514B1 (en) 2004-07-09 2005-07-08 High performance load resistor

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EP2270821A2 EP2270821A2 (en) 2011-01-05
EP2270821A3 EP2270821A3 (en) 2012-08-15
EP2270821B1 true EP2270821B1 (en) 2013-11-27

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DE102004033680B4 (en) 2009-03-12
KR20070029286A (en) 2007-03-13
CN1981350A (en) 2007-06-13
ES2442591T3 (en) 2014-02-12
DK1769514T3 (en) 2017-01-02
WO2006005542A1 (en) 2006-01-19
EP2270821A2 (en) 2011-01-05
EP1769514A1 (en) 2007-04-04
DE102004033680A1 (en) 2006-01-26
EP2270821A3 (en) 2012-08-15
BRPI0513031A (en) 2008-04-22
US20080191836A1 (en) 2008-08-14
PT1769514T (en) 2016-12-30
CY1114779T1 (en) 2016-12-14
JP4550114B2 (en) 2010-09-22
NZ552448A (en) 2009-08-28
DK2270821T3 (en) 2013-12-09
CN1981350B (en) 2011-04-20
AU2005261893B2 (en) 2009-10-01
PL2270821T3 (en) 2014-04-30
US7932808B2 (en) 2011-04-26
SI2270821T1 (en) 2014-02-28
AR049971A1 (en) 2006-09-20
PL1769514T3 (en) 2017-05-31
CA2571524A1 (en) 2006-01-19
AU2005261893A1 (en) 2006-01-19
ES2605408T3 (en) 2017-03-14
PT2270821E (en) 2013-12-27
CA2571524C (en) 2009-11-10
JP2008504702A (en) 2008-02-14
KR100848040B1 (en) 2008-07-23
HUE032382T2 (en) 2017-09-28
EP1769514B1 (en) 2016-09-21

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