EP2251633A2 - Metal-to-fixing-material-seal and method for manufacturing a base element with a metal-to-fixing-material-seal - Google Patents

Abstract

The bushing (1.2) has a metal pin (4.2) placed in a circular through-hole (11.2) in a base body (3.2) in a glass stopper (6.2). A unit placed between rear and front sides (12.2, 13.2) of the body avoids a relative movement of fixing material in a direction opposite to an inner circumference of the through-hole. The unit provides a non-positive connection and/or a positive connection between the stopper and the body under a tension effect and/or pressure on the stopper. A cross-section of the through-hole is narrowed from the front side toward the rear side. The pin is fused with the stopper. An independent claim is also included for a method for producing a base body of a metal bushing.

Description

The invention relates to a metal fixing material implementation, in detail with the features of the preamble of claim 1; Furthermore, a method for producing a base body of a metal-fixing material implementation, in detail with the features of the preamble of claim 23.

Metal fuser feedthroughs are previously known in various designs in the art. This refers to vacuum-tight fusions of fixing materials, in particular glasses in metals. The metals act as electrical conductors. Deputy becomes thereby on US-A-5,345,872 . US-A-3,274,937 directed. Such feedthroughs are widely used in electronics and electrical engineering. The glass used for melting serves as an insulator. Typical metal fuser feedthroughs are constructed such that metallic inner conductors are fused into a preformed sintered glass part, wherein the sintered glass part or the glass tube is fused into an outer metal part with the so-called base body. Examples of preferred applications of such metal-fuser feedthroughs are lighters. These are used, inter alia, for airbags or belt tensioners in motor vehicles. In this case, the metal fuser feedthroughs are part of an igniter. The entire ignition device comprises, in addition to the metal-Fixiermaterial- implementation of a fuse bridge, the explosive and a metal cover, which encloses the ignition mechanism tight. Through the implementation of either one or two or more than two metallic pins can be passed. In a preferred embodiment with a metallic pin, the housing is grounded, in a preferred two-pole design one of the pins. The ignition device described above is used in particular for airbags or for belt tensioners in motor vehicles. Known ignition devices of the aforementioned or similar type are described in US 6,274,252 . US 5,621,183 . DE 29 04 174 A1 or DE 199 27 233 A1 , their The disclosure content is included in full in the present application. The aforementioned ignition units have two metal pins. But there are also electronic igniters possible, which have only a single pin. The ignition devices shown in the prior art comprise a metal base body, for example a metal sleeve, which is designed as a turned part. The metal base body has at least one passage opening through which at least one metal pin is performed. A major problem with this design is that such a design is material and costly.

The invention is therefore based on the object to make a metal-fixing material implementation of the type mentioned in such a way that it is characterized by a high strength with low material and labor costs and the suitability for higher loads and also assembly errors caused by the Inaccurate assignment of the individual elements result, be avoided.

The solution according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 1. The procedural implementation for producing a main body is described in claim 34. Advantageous embodiments are given in the subclaims.

The metal fixing material lead-through comprises a metallic base body through which at least one metal pin is made. If, in a preferred embodiment, two metal pins are provided, one of the two makes at least indirectly, ie directly or indirectly via further elements, the ground connection to the main body. When executed with two metal pins these metal pins are preferably arranged parallel to each other. At least one of the metal pins is arranged in a passage opening in the base body and fixed relative thereto by fixing material, preferably in the form of a glass plug. According to the invention, the base body is formed by a sheet-metal element, wherein in a first embodiment at least the passage opening is produced by a cutting process, in particular punching becomes. The main body itself is preferably likewise punched out of a solid material, but the final geometry of the basic body is obtained by a forming process, for example deep-drawing. In a preferred embodiment, even the outer geometry describing the outer contour and the basic geometry describing the passage opening are produced at least by a separation process, in particular punching. End geometry means that no forming operations have to be performed on it. Basic geometry means that it does not represent the final geometry in the event of any further changes required, or that changes can still be made to this by further production processes, in particular forming processes, the final geometry being achieved only after these additional processes. Between front and back means are provided for preventing a relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the rear side relative to the inner circumference of the passage opening. The funds are an integral part of the body or form a structural unit with this.

The generation of the geometry by a separation process means that the final geometry on the outer circumference of the base body is made by cutting and the geometry of the through hole by punching. In order to get the resulting problem when melting the single metal pin in a through hole and also to ensure the security against leakage of the unit fixing material and metal pin in the handle, the means for preventing relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the back against the inner circumference of the through hole intended. These act as a kind of barbs and lead with relative movement in the direction of the back to a positive connection between Fixiermaterialpfropfen, in particular glass plug and body. These include, for example, at least one local constriction in the passage opening, which can be provided in the entire region of the inner circumference, except at the front of the body.

The solution according to the invention makes it possible, on the one hand, to resort to more cost-effective production methods and starting materials, wherein the use of material is considerably minimized. Furthermore, the entire base body may be formed as an integral component, in which the metal pin is fused by means of fixing material. Another significant advantage is that even under increased loads on the individual metal pin, for example, a pressure load, a pressing out of the metal pin with the glass plug from the through hole is reliably avoided. The entire design also builds smaller in width and is suitable for smaller size by ensuring the secure fixation of the metal pin in the body even at higher forces.

It is crucial that the local narrowing of the cross section takes place in the region of the back or between the back and the front, but the front side is always characterized by a larger diameter.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the second metal pin is grounded or fixed as a ground pin on the back of the body. This eliminates additional measures to put a fixed in the base body with fixing metal pin to ground or to electrically couple with the body. Furthermore, only a pin is to be fixed in a through hole, the possibilities are thus more diverse, completely secure the individual pin in the circumferential direction and the possible connection surface for the ground pin can be increased.

The fixing material used is, for example, a glass plug, a ceramic plug, a glass ceramic plug or a high-performance polymer.

For the specific embodiment of the means for preventing a relative movement between the fixing material and the passage opening, in particular the sliding out, there are a plurality of possibilities. These are characterized by measures on the body. In the simplest case will open Measures taken at the base body, which can be realized in the production, especially during the punching process, with. In this case, the passage opening between the back and front is characterized by a change in the cross-sectional profile. In the simplest case, at least two regions of different internal dimensions are provided, when designed as a passage opening with a circular cross-section with a different diameter. The change in cross section can be done in stages or continuously. In the latter case, the passage opening between the front and rear side is conical, which narrows towards the rear.
The measures on the main body are usually further characterized by the provision of a plurality of recesses or projections. These form at least one from the back viewed on the inner circumference of the through hole in the base between the back and front arranged undercut, the front is free of such undercuts. In the case of a symmetrical design of the passage opening, this is characterized by three partial areas - a first partial area which extends from the rear side in the direction of the front side, a second adjoining area and a third partial area which extends from the front side to the rear side. The second partial area is characterized by smaller or larger dimensions of the passage opening than the first and third partial area. Preferably, the first and third subareas are then characterized by identical cross-sectional dimensions.

In embodiments with more than two areas of different dimensions, in particular different diameters, methods are selected which are created by machining the base body on both sides. If, in the previously described embodiments, an asymmetrical design of the passage opening is turned off, in these embodiments, with more than two areas, an embodiment of the passage opening is preferably selected which can be used with regard to the installation position. This is, based on a theoretical center axis which is perpendicular to the pin axis of the guided in the main body pin and extending in the central region of the body, formed symmetrically. This front and back can also be reversed in terms of their function. The undercuts formed by these counteract possible movements of the Fixiermaterialpfropfens in both directions.

According to a further embodiment, a plurality of circumferentially spaced from each other on a common length between the front and rear projections arranged can be provided. These are usually embossed, d. H. local deformation under pressure generated in the area of the back. The production process is thus particularly cost-effective.

Another way to avoid relative movements between Fixiermaterialpfropfen and through hole is the formation of a positive connection between them. Normally, for example, the glass is introduced into the opening together with the metal pin, and the glass and metal ring are heated, so that after cooling, the metal shrinks onto the glass plug. In general, the passage opening after punching the passage opening substantially to the final diameter. Of course, the punched through hole itself can still be edited, for example, be ground without the end diameter changes significantly. The passage opening may have a circular cross-section. Other possibilities are conceivable, for example an oval cross section.

According to an advantageous development, measures are provided on the metal pin for additional avoidance of relative movements under load between metal pin and fixing material. These may each be protrusions or recesses extending over the entire outer circumference of the metal pin, or they may be adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction with any desired or fixed predefined and fixed projections.

The method for producing a main body of a metal bushing is characterized in that the outer contour describing the final contour is obtained by a separation process free of exciting machining of a sheet metal predefined thickness. Likewise, the achievement of the basic shape of the passage opening descriptive basic geometry to form the passage opening for at least one metal pin by punching out of the sheet metal part. Both processes can be laid in a cost-saving manner in a tool and a single operation. The undercuts in the through holes are formed by deformation of the through hole, for example embossing. The individual embossing process can be carried out before or after the punching process. Preferably, embossing and punching are carried out in each case on the same side of the body in order to avoid unnecessary changes in the workpiece position and to allow any of these processes to take place immediately after one another.

According to the desired geometries to be achieved, the embossing operations are carried out on one side or both sides, wherein in the latter case preferably the same embossing parameters are set in order to ensure a symmetrical design of the passage opening.

Figur 1 a

verdeutlicht eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial- Durchführung;

Figuren 1 b bis 1 e

verdeutlichen in schematisch stark vereinfachter Darstellung das Grundprinzip eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Grundkörpers gemäß der Erfindung;

Figur 2a

verdeutlicht eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial- Durchführung mit konischer Ausführung der Durchgangsöffnung;

Figuren 2b und 2c

verdeutlichen eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Grundkörpers gemäß Figur 2a nach einem Ausstanzvorgang;

Figur 3

verdeutlicht eine dritte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial- Durchführung mit teilweise konischer Gestaltung der Durchgangsöffnung;

Figur 4

verdeutlicht eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit einer einen Vorsprung zwischen Vorder- und Rückseite in der Durchgangsöffnung beschreibenden Kontur;

Figur 5

verdeutlicht eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit einer eine Ausnehmung zwischen Vorder- und Rückseite in der Durchgangsöffnung beschreibenden Kontur;

Figur 6

verdeutlicht eine Ausführung gemäß Figur 1a mit zusätzlichen Vorsprüngen am Metallstift;

Figur 7

verdeutlicht eine Weiterentwicklung gemäß Figur 6;

Figur 8

verdeutlicht eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial- Durchführung mit punktueller Verengung des Querschnittes im Bereich der Rückseite;

Figur 9

verdeutlicht eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit Oberflächengestaltung in der Durchgangsöffnung;

Figur 10

verdeutlicht eine weitere alternative Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial- Durchführung.

Figur 11

verdeutlicht eine Ausführungsform mit einem Metallstift, einen sogenannten Monopin

The solution according to the invention is explained below with reference to figures. It details the following:

FIG. 1 a

illustrates a first embodiment of an inventively designed metal Fixiermaterial- implementation;

FIGS. 1 b to 1 e

illustrate in schematic simplified representation of the basic principle of a method according to the invention for the production of a basic body according to the invention;

FIG. 2a

illustrates a second embodiment of an inventively designed metal Fixiermaterial- implementation with conical design of the through hole;

FIGS. 2b and 2c

illustrate a further embodiment of the method according to the invention for the production of a basic body according to FIG. 2a after a punching operation;

FIG. 3

illustrates a third embodiment of an inventively designed metal Fixiermaterial- implementation with partial conical design of the through hole;

FIG. 4

illustrates an embodiment of the inventively designed metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation with a projection between the front and back in the through hole descriptive contour;

FIG. 5

illustrates an embodiment of the inventively designed metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation with a recess between the front and back in the through hole descriptive contour;

FIG. 6

illustrates an embodiment according to FIG. 1a with additional projections on the metal pin;

FIG. 7

clarifies a further development according to FIG. 6 ;

FIG. 8

illustrates a further embodiment of the inventively designed metal-Fixiermaterial- Execution with point narrowing of the cross section in the area of the rear side;

FIG. 9

illustrates an embodiment of the inventively designed metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation with surface design in the through hole;

FIG. 10

illustrates another alternative embodiment of the inventively designed metal Fixiermaterial- implementation.

FIG. 11

illustrates an embodiment with a metal pin, a so-called monopin

The FIG. 1 a illustrates on the basis of an axial section a first embodiment of an inventively designed metal fixing material bushing 1, for example for use as a lighter of an airbag. This comprises a basic body 3 forming a metal collar 2, with which two mutually parallel metal pins 4 and 5 are electrically coupled. The two metal pins 4 and 5 are arranged parallel to each other. One acts as a conductor, while the second is grounded. In the illustrated case, the first metal pin 4 acts as a conductor and the metal pin 5 as a ground pin. At least one of the metal pins, in particular acting as a conductor metal pin 4 is guided by the base body 3. The ground pin 5 is fixed in the illustrated case directly to the back 12 of the base body 3 at this. For this purpose, the metal pin 4 is melted onto a part I _{1 of} its length I in fixing material 34, in particular a glass plug 6 cooled down from a molten glass. The metal pin 4 protrudes beyond the end face 7 of the glass plug 6 at least on one side and, in the illustrated embodiment, terminates flush with the second end face 8 of the glass plug 6. Other variants are conceivable. Preferably, not only the passage opening, but also the base body 3 is designed as a punching element 9. This means that the outer contour descriptive Geometry, in particular the outer circumference 10 by cutting, preferably punching was generated. The stamped part can either continue to be used in the geometry as it is after the punching process or else be formed in a further working step, for example, deep-drawn. The provided for receiving and fixing the metal pin 4 by means of the glass plug 6 through hole 11 is generated according to the invention in a preferred embodiment by a punching process in the form of punching. Subsequently, the metal pin 4 is inserted at the back 12 of the metal fixing material passage 1 together with the glass plug into the through hole 11 and the metal body containing the glass plug and the metal pin heated so that shrinks after a cooling process, the metal and so a positive connection between Glass plug 6 with metal pin 4 and body 3 is formed. It is also conceivable to introduce the fixing material in the molten or flowable state, in particular the molten glass from the front side 13 into the passage opening 11. During cooling, a positive and cohesive connection is formed both between the outer circumference 14 of the metal pin 4 and the inner circumference 15 of the through opening 11 in order to release the metal pin 4 with the glass plug 6 when the entire metal fixing material bushing 1 is loaded To avoid the base body 3, means for preventing relative movement between the fixing material 34 and the inner periphery 15 of the passage opening in the direction of the rear side 12, which are designated here by 35, are provided. These act more or less as barbs and cause a positive connection between the base body 3 and glass plug 6 under tensile force and / or pressure on the glass plug 6 and / or the metal pin 4 and thus prevent sliding out on the back 12. For this purpose, according to a first embodiment, the through hole 11th configured such that it has an undercut 36 which is formed by a projection 37. This is arranged in the region of the rear side 12 and in the case illustrated is flush with the latter. The passage opening 11, which is preferably formed in the illustrated case with a circular cross section, is through this projection 37 by two different diameters d ₁ and d ₂ characterized. The diameter d _{1 is} greater than the diameter d ₂ . The diameter d ₂ is the diameter of the passage opening 11 on the rear side 12. The diameter d ₁ is the diameter of the passage opening 11 on the front side 13. The passage opening 11 is designed to have the same diameter d ₁ over a substantial part of its extension I _d1 , I _d2 stands for the formation of the passage opening 11 with the diameter d ₂ . That is, the passage opening has two partial areas, a first partial area 16 and a second partial area 17, wherein the first partial area 16 is characterized by the diameter d ₁ and the second partial area 17 is characterized by the diameter d ₂ . These diameters are characterized by a one-sided punching operation in the form of punching from the side of the front side 13 or back 12 with subsequent forming process under pressure, in particular embossing, as in the Figures 1b to 1c shown on the base body 3, generated. Preferably, punching and forming process each take place from the same side, in the illustrated case from the front side 13. The cutting out of the main body 3 can also be carried out as part of a punching process or a previous cutting process, such as water or laser cutting. Preferably, however, this is done by punching. The tool for this is designed such that the entire base body 3 with a through hole 11 in a single step from a sheet 38 of certain sheet thickness b, which corresponds to a thickness D of the base body 3, is punched out.

FIGS. 1b to 1e illustrate in a simplified schematic representation of the basic principle of the inventive method for producing a base body 3 with the required geometry. FIG. 1b illustrates in a schematically simplified representation of the formation of the punching tool 39 of two sub-tools, a lower part in the form of a die 40 and a top in the form of a punch 41. The punch 41 is moved relative to the resting on the die 40 plate 38. The feed direction is indicated by an arrow. The resulting base body 3 'with respect to its outer end geometry and the geometry of the passage opening 11' after punching is in Figure 1c played. The main body 3 'can be subjected to a further embossing process in this state and this position in order to achieve the in FIG. 1a The embossing tool 42 is assigned to the front side 23 of the main body 3 'and is at the through hole 11 ", as it is present after punching, from the side of the front side 12 in the direction of the rear side 12. The effective depth t ₁ , which in the final state of the main body 3 characterizes the distance of the undercut 36 from the front side 13, is ensured by the shape of the embossing tool 42 and the stamping depth or else only the embossing depth caused thereby . The Figure 1e illustrates the position of the embossing tool 42 relative to the base body 3 'in the final state, ie after the embossing, in which state the base body 3' corresponds to the main body 3. The additives characterize the condition of the element to be processed during production. In order to achieve an optimal embossing result, metallic materials with good flowability at the selected pressure are used as plates 38 or thin-walled elements. The metals used are preferably Cu-Ni alloys or Al alloys or Ni or Fe alloys. Particularly preferred is the use of steels, for example. Stainless steel, CRS 1010, structural steels or Cr-Ni steel.

In the in the FIGS. 1a to 1e As shown, the passage opening 11 has a circular cross-section. However, other shapes are also conceivable, in which case an undercut is formed by changing the internal dimensions of the opening. Furthermore, the illustrated geometries are idealized. In practice, surface areas that are not completely perpendicular to one another will generally arise. It is crucial that a basic contour of the through hole is created, which is on the one hand, the inclusion of a melted metal pin and further preventing the withdrawal of the entirety of metal pin and fixing, in particular Glaspfropfen, ie also the Undercut forming surface areas and the adjacent surface areas can be arranged at an angle to each other.

The FIG. 2a illustrated by an axial section through a metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation 1.2 a further inventive embodiment of the body 3.2. The basic structure of the metal-Fixiermaterial implementation 1.2 corresponds to that in the FIG. 1 Therefore, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements. In the execution according to FIG. 2a However, the passage opening 11.2 is conical. In this case, the diameter d decreases steadily, starting from the front side 13.2 to the rear side 12.3. This continuous reduction in diameter through the formation of a cone forms the means 35 for preventing relative movement between the fixing means and the inner periphery 15 of the passage opening.

FIG. 2b illustrates the resulting after punching body 3 'after punching. It can be seen that a passage opening 11 'with the same dimensions throughout. Figure 2c illustrates the embossing tool 43, which has a conical configuration and on the base body 3 'according to FIG. 2b from the front 13.2 forth against a die 44 acts. In contrast, the disclosed FIG. 3 a combination of the execution according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in which only a part of the passage opening 11.3 is conical. In this embodiment, the passage opening 11.3 of the metal fixing material bushing 1.3, in particular in the base body 3.3 is also divided into two sections, a first portion 16.3 and a second portion 17.3. The second portion 17.3 is characterized by a constant diameter d _2.3 over its length I _d2.3 . The second portion 17.3 extends from the back 12.3 toward the front 13.3. The first portion 16.3 is characterized by a continuous reduction in cross section of the passage opening 11.3. The reduction takes place from a diameter d _1.3 to a diameter d _2.3 . The smaller diameter on the backs 12.2, 12.3 according to the embodiments of Figures 2 and 3 offer the advantage of a larger connection surface 18 for the metal pin 5.2 or 5.3, especially the mass pen. The undercut 36.3 is due to the change in diameter from the second to the first portion 16.3 considered.

At all in the FIGS. 1 to 3 As shown, the asymmetrical geometry of the passage opening 11 from the front side 13 towards the rear side 12 offers the advantage of preventing the glass plug 6 from slipping out or pulling out on the rear side 12 or in the direction of this. Furthermore, during installation due to the asymmetrical geometry, an easier orientation for the installation position of the individual elements, in particular of the metal pins 4 and 5, can be given. Due to the undercut, a detachment of the assembly of metal pin 4 and glass plug 6 is avoided from the body during ignition. The additional material on the back side 12 offers the advantage of a larger connection surface for the metal pin 4.5 to be grounded. Furthermore, this increases the strength of the glass seal of the metal pin when pressure is applied to the front.

The FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate two further embodiments of a metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation 1.4 and 1.5 according to the invention with through hole 11.4 and 11.5. In these embodiments, the passage opening 11 is subdivided into three subregions. In the execution according to FIG. 4 into the subregions 20, 21 and 22, wherein the respective first and third subregions 20 and 22 are preferably characterized by equal diameters d ₂₀ and d ₂₂ . The second portion 21 is characterized by a smaller diameter d ₂₁ than the diameter d ₂₀ and d ₂₂ and thus forms a projection 23. This forms the between the front and rear disposed undercut 36.4 to prevent the relative movement of the glass plug 6.4 toward the rear 12.4 the inner circumference 15.4 of the passage opening 11.4. In particular, the surfaces 24 and 25 directed respectively toward the front side 13.4 and rear side 12.2 form the stop surfaces for the glass plug 6.4 in the axial direction. This embodiment is characterized by a fixation of the glass plug 6.4 in both directions, so that this design of the base body is particularly suitable for can be installed and positioned as desired, in particular with regard to the connection of the metal pins 4.4.

This applies analogously also to those in the FIG. 5 illustrated embodiment of the metal-Fixiermaterial-implementation 1.5, in particular of the main body 3.5. This is also subdivided into at least three subregions, these individual subregions, which are denoted here by 20.5, 21.5 and 22.5, describe a recess 26 which is arranged between the rear and front sides 12.5 and 13.5. The two outer portions - first portion 20.5 and third portion 22.5 - form protrusions 27 and 28. The mutually facing surfaces 29 and 30 of the individual projections 27 and 28 form a stop for the cooled glass plug 6.5 when moving between the back 12.5 and Front side 13.5. Both versions require an increase of the required hydrostatic forces to move the glass plug 6 with shearing of parts of these under pressure loading in motion.

In all the solutions described so far, it is possible to use a narrower base body 3 compared to the known solutions of the prior art with the same or increased strength of the gas plug 6 caused by the seal.

The production of the main body 3.4 according to FIG. 4 is done by punching the base body 3 'with a through hole 11' of constant diameter. The projection is achieved by embossing on both sides with a predefined embossing depth and a stamping tool with a larger diameter than the diameter of the passage opening 11 'present after stamping. Due to the increase in the surface tension of the material at the base body 3 'under the influence of the embossing tool when the yield point is exceeded, the material flows, which then forms the projection 23. It is irrelevant whether the embossing process takes place first from the front or back of the body.

However, if symmetrical design is required, the embossing forces and embossing depth should be the same on both sides. The statements made apply analogously to the training of the body according to FIG. 5 , Again, in the first step, punching out the outer geometry of the base body 3.5 'with passage opening 11.5'. The two projections 27 and 28 in the region of the front and back 12 and 13 are then formed by on the front and back sides 12, 13 on the body 3.5 'becoming effective compressive forces. The illustrated shape of the recess is idealized.

Clarify the FIGS. 4 and 5 Measures on the body 3.4 and 3.5, in particular the through holes 11.4 and 11.5 to prevent relative movement of the glass plug 6 with respect to this, so show the FIGS. 6 and 7 exemplary measures on the metal pin 4.6 or 4.7, which serve to prevent the escape of the metal pin 4.6 or 4.7 from the glass plug 6.6 or 6.7 during the test and also during the ignition process. It represents the FIG. 6 a combination of in the FIG. 1 The pin 4.6 has in the coupling region with the base 3.6 at least one projection on, this is designated 31 and extends in the circumferential direction around the outer circumference 32 of the pin 4.6. In the illustrated embodiment, it is a projection 31 which extends around the entire outer periphery 32 of the metal pin 4.6. This can be formed by compression or pinching of the metal pin 4.6. Another possibility, not shown here, involves the arrangement of several mutually adjacent in the circumferential direction, preferably with the same distance adjacent to each other arranged projections on the metal pin 4.6 in the region of the coupling in the base 3.6. The feature of the projections on the metal pin 4.6 contributes significantly to improving the strength of the connection. This feature prevents the removal of the metal pin 4.6 during a corresponding test in which normally the metal pin fails to pull and remove the glass plug. This applies analogously to the embodiment according to FIG. 7 , In this case, the metal pin 4.7 in the contact area with the molten glass a plurality of over the axial extent of the passage opening arranged projections, which are connected in series. In the simplest case, a corrugation 33 is used. With this, the same effect can be achieved as in FIG. 6 described. The rest of the structure corresponds to that in the FIG. 6 Therefore, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements.

The in the FIGS. 6 and 7 also described with the in the FIGS. 2 to 5 shown measures on the body, in particular the through holes combined.

FIG. 8 describes an embodiment in which over the entire extent between the back 12 and front side 13, the through hole 11.8 is formed with the same diameter, wherein in the region of the back 12.8 of the base 3.8 is subjected to an embossing process. This is done by pressurization on the back 12.8, wherein this pressurization is made selectively in the region of the circumference of the passage opening 11.8. The pressure is applied to the pressure on the back 12.8. This leads to punctiform or over the entire region of the circumference of the passage opening 11 correspondingly formed to the metal pin 4.8 aligned projections that affect the pressure conditions in the through hole 11, starting from the front 13.8 to the back 12.8 crucial. In the case illustrated, the projections 37, 81, 37, 82, which are arranged equidistantly in the circumferential direction, are thereby produced. The glass plug 6.8 can be formed here as a pressed part.

FIG. 9 illustrates an embodiment in which, however, the inner circumference 15.8 of the through hole 11.8 is characterized by a substantially constant average diameter d ₁ and further to achieve the holding effect for the glass plug 6.8, either the inner circumference 15.8 of the passage opening 11.8 in the base body 3.8 or the outer circumference of the glass plug 6.9 one Surface treatment, in particular a machining surface treatment, such. B. sandblasting or pickling was subjected. Roughness values in the range of μ ≥ 10 μm are realized. The roughening of the surface serves the fit and supports the strength. When in the FIG. 9 illustrated embodiment, preferably the entire inner circumference 15 of the through hole 11.5 educated a corresponding surface treatment. It is also possible to limit the surface treatment to only a partial area, which should extend at least in the region of the rear side 12.9.

Furthermore, it would be possible that the glass plug, which is inserted into the base body is additionally surrounded by a sleeve. Then, both the surface of the through hole and / or the sleeve and / or the metal pin can be roughened.

Another alternative embodiment is in FIG. 10 clarified. In this case, the passage opening 11.9 is characterized by a larger diameter d ₂ in the region of the rear side 12.9 than on the front side 13.9. This design makes it possible to make through holes 11.9 in thicker bodies 3.9. The passage opening 11.10 is, for example, punched or drilled only in the partial area 45.10. The second portion 46.10 is formed in both embodiments, for example, by drilling this portion 46.10. In the bored portion 46.10 of the glass plug 6.10 is introduced and held with the metal pin 4.10. Generally all are in the description of the FIGS. 1 to 9 said possibilities for introducing at least one passage opening in particular by punching into a base body also suitable to introduce this passage opening in a first portion of the body and the second portion, for example, then herauszuarbeiten by drilling out of the body. The glass plug 6 with metal pin can then as in Figure 1 to 9 described be introduced into the first or the second portion. While the embodiments described above are all based on metal fuser feedthroughs In principle, the invention is also applicable to more than 2 metal pins and so-called mono-pins, the two metal pins, which were preferably arranged parallel arranged, of which one of the metal pins on the back of the body is grounded to ground. Mono pins are ignition units that include only a single metal pin carried by a pin carrier. The pin carrier itself includes, for example, a metal ring which forms the ground connection.

Such a mono-pin is in FIG. 11 shown. The pin carrier 100 includes a metal pin 103 embedded in an insulated filling 104, which is preferably formed of glass. The pin carrier comprises a main body 101.1, which excludes the metal pin 103 and a sleeve 101.2 with an inner wall surface 101.2.1. The end of the fused part of the metal pin 103 by means of a bridge 105 electrically connected to the main body 101.1. The passage opening 106 is introduced into the base body, for example, by a punching step. The passage opening can as previously in the FIGS. 1 to 10 described be introduced into the body. Together with the passage opening, the main body 101.1 can be punched out as described above. Preferably, the passage opening is punched out together with the base body. Most preferably, the base body together with the sleeve 1012 forms a one-piece component. The production of a one-piece component can, for example, be done by punching out a stamped part in a method step and the sleeve is obtained by deep drawing.

Preferably, the inner wall surface of the sleeve and the free end of the metal pin 103 is coated. As a coating material, for example, gold is used. Preferably, the coating is applied by electrolytic means. The coating serves to keep the electrical resistance at the interface 108 between a plug 120 inserted into the sleeve and that of the inner side 101.1.2 of the sleeve 101.2 small. The connector is labeled 120 in the figure below.

At all in the FIGS. 1 to 10 illustrated embodiments of the executed in embodiments according to the prior art as a rotating body 3 is replaced by stampings. The individual measures to prevent withdrawal of the metal pin 4 from the base body under load, which were provided in the individual figures on the base body 3 and to avoid pulling out the metal pin from the fixing material on the metal pin, can also be used together in combination. In this regard, the execution is not subject to any restrictions. However, the aim is embodiments that ensure high strength of the overall connection between the metal pin 4 and the base body 3 and thus the metal fixing material bushing 1.

In all embodiments shown in the figures, the through holes can be formed with different cross-section. Preferably, however, circular cross sections are selected. The formation of the undercuts is an integral part of the body.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9

Metal fixing implementation

2

metal collar

3, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9

body

3 ', 3.2'

Basic body as a semi-finished product during production

4, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9

metal pin

5

metal pin

6, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9

glass plug

7

first end face

8th

second end face

9

punch

10

outer periphery

11, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.8, 11.9

Through opening

11 ', 11.2'

Through hole during production

12, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7, 12.8, 12.9

back

13, 13.2, 13.3, 13.4, 13.5, 13.6, 13.7, 13.8, 13.9

front

14

outer periphery

15

inner circumference

16

first subarea

17

second subarea

19

bonding surface

20, 20.5

first subarea

21, 21.5

second subarea

22, 22.5

third subarea

23

head Start

24

area

25

area

26

recess

27

head Start

28

head Start

29

area

30

area

31

head Start

32

recess

33

opening

34

fixing material

35

Means for preventing a relative movement between the fixing material and the inner circumference of the passage opening

36, 36.2, 36.3, 36.4, 36.5, 36.6, 36.7, 36.8

undercut

37, 37.3, 37.4, 37.5, 37.6, 37.7, 37.81, 37.82

head Start

38

sheet

39

punching tool

40

die

41

stamp

42

embossing tool

43

embossing tool

44

die

45

first subarea

46

second subarea

100

pin carrier

101.1

body

101.2

Sleeve of the main body

101.2.1

Inner wall surface of the sleeve

103

metal pin

105

bridge

106

Through opening

108

Checkpoint

120

Plug which is inserted into sleeve

d ₁ , d _1.3

diameter

d _2, d _2.3

diameter

I _d1

length

I _d2

length

I _d1.3

length

I _d2.3

length

The invention includes aspects set forth in the following sentences that are part of the description, but not sentences in accordance with Board of Appeal J 15/88:

sentences

1. 1. metal fixing material passage for lighter of airbags or belt tensioners, in particular metal-glass passage;
   • 1.1 having at least one metal pin which is arranged in a passage opening in the base body in a fixing material, wherein the base body has a front and a back characterized by the following features:
   • 1.2 the main body is formed by an element, wherein the basic geometry describing the passage opening is generated at least by a separation process;
   • 1.3 between the front and back of the body are provided means for preventing relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the back against the inner circumference of the through hole.
2. 2. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 1, characterized in that the end geometry descriptive contour is generated by the separation process.
3. 3. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 1 or 2, the funds are an integral part of the body or form with this form a structural unit.
4. 4. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of the sentences 1 to 3, characterized in that the metal fixing material passage comprises at least two mutually parallel metal pins.
5. 5. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of the sentences 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal pin is firmly connected to a fixing material resulting in a Fixiermaterialpfropfen.
6. 6. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 5, characterized in that the metal pin is fused with the fixing material.
7. 7. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to any one of sentences 1 to 6, characterized in that a glass plug formed from a glass plug or a high-performance polymer is used as a fixing material.
8. 8. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of sentences 1 to 7, characterized in that the means for preventing a relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the back against the inner circumference of the passage opening at least one viewed from the rear side on the inner circumference of the passage opening in the body between Rear and arranged front undercut, the front is free of such an undercut.
9. 9. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 8, characterized in that the undercut is formed by at least one projection.
10. 10. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 9, characterized by the following features:
    • 10.1 the passage opening is characterized by two partial areas - a first partial area which extends from the rear side towards the front side and a second partial area which extends from the front side to the rear side;
    • 10.2 the projection is formed by the second portion, which is characterized by smaller internal dimensions than the first portion;
    • 10.3 first and second subarea have over the length of a constant geometry with constant internal dimensions.
11. 11. metal fixation material passage according to sentence 9, characterized by the following features:
    • 11.1 the passage opening is characterized by two partial areas - a first partial area which extends from the rear side towards the front side and a second partial area which extends from the front side to the rear side;
    • 11.2 the projection is formed by the second portion, which is characterized by smaller internal dimensions than the first portion;
    • 11.3 first and / or second sub-area have over the length of a different geometry and / or different inner dimensions.
12. 12. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 11, characterized in that the first portion is characterized starting from the front by a continuous reduction of the dimensions to the second portion.
13. 13. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 11 or 12, characterized in that the passage opening has a circular cross-section and at least the first portion, preferably also the second portion is conical.
14. 14. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of the sets 8 or 9, characterized in that the undercut is arranged centrally.
15. 15. Metal fixation device according to one of the phrases 8, 9 or 14, characterized by the following features:
    • 15.1 each with an undercut in both directions;
    • 15.2 the passage opening is characterized by three subregions - a first subarea that extends from the rear towards the front extends, a second adjoining and a third portion extending from front to back;
    • 15.3 the second partial area is characterized by smaller dimensions of the passage opening than the first and third partial area.
16. 16. Metal fixing material bushing according to one of the sentences 8, 9 or 14, characterized by the following features:
    • 16.1 each with an undercut in both directions;
    • 16.2 the passage opening is characterized by three partial areas - a first partial area which extends from the rear side towards the front side, a second adjoining area and a third partial area which extends from the front side to the rear side;
    • 16.3 the second partial area is characterized by larger dimensions of the passage opening than the first and third partial area.
17. 17. Metal fixing material bushing according to one of the sentences 15 or 16, characterized in that the first and third partial regions are characterized by identical cross-sectional dimensions.
18. 18 metal fixing material passage according to one of the sentences 9 to 17, characterized in that a plurality of circumferentially spaced from each other on a common length between the front and rear projections are provided.
19. 19. Metal fixing material passage according to one of the sentences 1 to 18, characterized in that the passage opening has a circular cross-section.
20. 20. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of the sentences 1 to 18, characterized in that the passage opening has an arbitrary selectable cross-section.
21. 21. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of the sentences 1 to 20, characterized in that the base body is formed by a stamped part.
22. 22. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 21, characterized in that the stamped part is ground.
23. 23. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of the sentences 1 to 22, characterized in that the means for preventing a relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the rear side relative to the inner circumference of the passage opening comprise at least one between Fixiermaterialpfropfen and a part of the through-hole force fit connection.
24. 24. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to any one of sentences 1 to 8, characterized in that the means comprise an introduced into the passage opening element and the inner circumference of the passage opening and / or the outer periphery of the element has a roughness ≥ 10 microns.
25. 25. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of the sentences 1 to 24, characterized in that means are provided on the metal pin for preventing relative movement of the pin relative to the fixing material.
26. 26. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 25, characterized in that the means for preventing relative movement of the pin relative to the fixing material comprise at least one projection formed in the radial direction on the pin.
27. 27. Metal fixing bushing according to sentence 26, characterized in that the projection is an integral part of the pin.
28. 28. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 26, thereby characterized in that the projection is formed by a member connected to the pin.
29. 29. Metal fixing material passage according to one of the sets 26 to 28, characterized in that the means for preventing relative movement of the pin relative to the fixing material comprise a plurality of axially adjacent and radially formed on the pin projections.
30. 30. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of the sentences 1 to 29, characterized in that at least two metal pins are provided.
31. 31. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to sentence 30, characterized in that the least two metal pins are arranged parallel to each other.
32. 32. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of the sentences 30 to 31, characterized in that the second metal pin is grounded as a ground pin on the back of the body.
33. 33. metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to any one of sentences 1 to 29, characterized in that a metal pin is provided, which is arranged in a through hole in the base body in a fixing material, and a sleeve of the body, which is grounded.
34. 34. A process for producing a body of a metal bushing according to any one of sentences 1 to 33,
    • 34.1 in which of a part, in particular a sheet metal part, predefined thickness of the outer geometry descriptive final contour is obtained by a separation process;
    • 34.2 in which the formation of the passage opening for at least one metal pin, the basic shape of the passage opening descriptive basic geometry is obtained by punching out of the part, in particular the sheet metal part.
35. 35. Method according to sentence 34, characterized in that the outer geometry describing the final contour obtained by the separation process and the basic geometry describing the initial shape of the passage opening is produced in one working step in the form of punching with a working tool.
36. 36. The method according to any one of sentences 34 or 35, characterized in that the undercuts are formed in the through holes by deformation of the through hole.
37. 37. The method of clause 36, characterized in that the deformation is achieved by at least one embossing operation.
38. 38. The method according to one of the sentences 36 or 37, characterized in that the embossing and the punching process are carried out from the same side on the base body.
39. 39. The method according to one of the sentences 36 or 37, characterized in that the embossing and the punching process are performed on different sides of the base body.
40. 40. The method according to any one of sentences 36 to 39, characterized in that the embossing and the punching process are performed on both sides of the base body.
41. 41. Method according to sentence 40, characterized in that in each case tools with the same parameters or the same tools are used for embossing and punching.
42. 42. The method according to any one of sentences 34 to 41, characterized in that an embossing process is carried out prior to punching out the passage opening in the region of the passage opening to be produced on the sheet metal part.
43. 43. The method according to any one of sentences 34 to 42, characterized in that the sleeve of the base body is obtained after stamping by deep drawing.

Claims (12)

Metal fixing material passage for lighters of airbags or belt tensioners, in particular metal-glass bushing; - With at least one metal pin which is arranged in a passage opening in the base body in a glass plug, wherein the base body has a front and a back characterized by the following features: - The base body is formed by an element, wherein the passage opening descriptive basic geometry is generated at least by a punching operation; - Between the front and back of the body are provided means for preventing relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the back against the inner periphery of the passage opening, wherein the means for preventing the relative movement of a force and / or positive connection between the glass plug and body under tensile force and / or pressure on the glass plug is available and further to avoid the relative movement, the cross section of the passage opening narrows from the front to the back and the metal pin is fused with the glass plug. Metal fixing material bushing according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the passage opening has a circular passage opening and is configured conically between the front and rear sides. Metal fixing material bushing according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the contour describing the final geometry is generated by the punching process. Metal fixing material passage according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the metal fixing material passage comprises at least two mutually parallel metal pins. Metal fixing material bushing according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized by the following features: - The through hole is characterized by two sub-areas - a first portion extending from the back towards the front and a second portion extending from front to back; - The projection is formed by the second portion, which is characterized by smaller internal dimensions than the first portion; - First and / or second portion have over the length of a different geometry and / or different inner dimensions. Metal fixing material bushing according to claim 5,
characterized in that
the first portion, preferably also the second portion is conical. Metal fixing material bushing according to one of claims 3 to 6,
characterized in that
The main body, which is produced by a punching process, is ground. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that means are provided on the metal pin for preventing relative movement of the pin relative to the fixing material. Metal fixing material bushing according to claim 8,
characterized in that
the means for preventing a relative movement of the pin relative to the fixing material comprise a plurality of axially adjacent and radially formed on the pin projections. Metal Fixiermaterial implementation according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that
the main body is made of one of the following materials: - a Cu-Ni alloy an Al alloy - a Ni alloy - a Fe alloy - a steel, in particular stainless steel, CRS 1010, structural steel or Cr-Ni steel. Method for producing a main body of a metal bushing according to one of claims 1 to 10, - In which of a part, in particular a sheet metal part, predefined thickness, the outer geometry describing the final contour is obtained by a separation process; - In which the formation of the passage opening for at least one metal pin, the basic shape of the passage opening descriptive basic geometry is obtained by punching out of the part, in particular the sheet metal part. Method according to claim 11,
characterized in that
the final contour describing the outer geometry obtained by the separation process and the basic geometry describing the initial shape of the passage opening are produced in one working step in the form of punching out with a working tool.

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