EP2249363A1 - Agencement, sous-station, procédé de fonctionnement et utilisation d'un commutateur de mise à la terre pour la protection d'un circuit électrique contre des défauts de court-circuit en ligne - Google Patents

Agencement, sous-station, procédé de fonctionnement et utilisation d'un commutateur de mise à la terre pour la protection d'un circuit électrique contre des défauts de court-circuit en ligne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2249363A1
EP2249363A1 EP09159681A EP09159681A EP2249363A1 EP 2249363 A1 EP2249363 A1 EP 2249363A1 EP 09159681 A EP09159681 A EP 09159681A EP 09159681 A EP09159681 A EP 09159681A EP 2249363 A1 EP2249363 A1 EP 2249363A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
grounding switch
arrangement
short
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09159681A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lutz Niemeyer
Christian Franck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to EP09159681A priority Critical patent/EP2249363A1/fr
Publication of EP2249363A1 publication Critical patent/EP2249363A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003—Earthing switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts

Definitions

  • transient voltage protection circuit for use with AC circuits that comprises a transient suppressor circuit with a threshold thyristor connected in series with a capacitor.
  • US 5,821,496 A discloses a method and an insulation switch gear for controlling transient recovery voltage wherein a saturable reactor having a capacity connected in parallel is connected to a gas circuit breaker in series, and wherein an LC resonance is produced between a self-inductance L of the reactor and an electrostatic capacitance C of the parallel capacitor.
  • WO 2007/068686 A1 an electric switchgear with an interrupter unit is disclosed.
  • Capacitive coated post insulators are provided so as to support the interrupter unit in an insulating manner.
  • the capacitive coating can be used to dampen a travelling voltage wave incoming during an interruption of a short-line fault.
  • DE 31 30 643 A1 discloses that in the event of a short-line fault on an overhead line a switch bypasses in current-dependent or voltage-dependent manner a high-frequency inductor coil disposed in the earth connection of the capacitive voltage transformer or of the coupling capacitor and a spark gap short circuits a high-frequency line trap disposed in the overhead line.
  • JP 3-190021 A and JP 3-190028 A disclose the provision of a magnetic member with a specific B-H characteristic for improving the breaking property in the event of a short-line fault.
  • an arrangement for protecting an electrical circuit from damage caused by a short-line fault comprises a circuit breaker, that connects a generator or a busbar of the electrical circuit with a line, in particular an overhead line, of the electrical circuit, and that further comprises a grounding switch that connects the overhead line to ground (also called: earth).
  • a short-line fault is understood as a short circuit fault to ground occurring at a place in the electrical network that is typically a few hundred metres to a few kilometres afar from the circuit breaker.
  • the electrical circuit is in particular an electrical power transmission and distribution network and the circuit breaker is in particular a high-voltage circuit breaker, preferably a gas circuit breaker, in particular a sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) circuit breaker.
  • SF6 sulfur hexafluoride
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a high-voltage or medium-voltage substation for energy transmission or energy distribution networks, that comprises such an arrangement for protecting an electrical circuit by combined and time-coordinated use of a circuit breaker and grounding switch, as disclosed in detail in this application.
  • the circuit breaker is initially set into a closed state (also called on-state), i.e. it has initially closed contacts, and the grounding switch is initially set into an open state (also called off-state).
  • a closed state also called on-state
  • the grounding switch is initially set into an open state (also called off-state).
  • the circuit breaker is closed and the grounding switch is open.
  • the grounding switch preferably closes a certain amount of time before the minimum breaking time of the circuit breaker is reached, i.e. slightly before the circuit breaker has fully completed circuit interruption.
  • Closing of the grounding switch initiates an artificial terminal fault close to the circuit breaker, i.e. the artificial terminal fault in particular occurring less then one hundred metres, preferably less than 10 metres, afar from the circuit breaker, with the short circuit current through the circuit breaker being basically 100% of the possible short circuit current of the electrical circuit in question as the circuit breaker is directly connected to ground with small impedance via the closed grounding switch.
  • the grounding switch is preferably located about 10 m, more preferred 5 m, most preferred 1 to 2 metres from the circuit breaker. Closing of the grounding switch leads advantageously to a clipping/suppressing of the relatively steep recovery voltage transients that typically appear after interruption of the short circuit current by opening the circuit breaker and are caused by the line-side travelling waves.
  • the overall thermal interruption stress is decreased such that the requirements for the circuit breaker of the arrangement of the invention can be lowered, i.e. a circuit breaker with simpler design and lower costs can be employed as if no grounding switch were employed.
  • Thermal interruption takes place a few microseconds after current zero and the short-line fault is typically the most difficult fault to handle with respect to thermal interruption performance.
  • the short-line fault is hence advantageously transformed into a terminal fault which can be much easier handled by the circuit breaker, i.e. imposes much less requirements on the employed circuit breaker, as the slope of the transient recovery voltage is considerably less steep for a terminal fault than for a short-line fault.
  • the circuit breaker can advantageously be dimensioned to provide only a relatively small pressure build-up at highest possible currents.
  • the typically required pressure for extinguishing the arc between its contacts to interrupt the short circuit current in case of a short-line fault is around several ten bar if the circuit breaker is used alone.
  • the required pressure for extinguishing the arc can advantageously be much less than 10 bar ( ⁇ 10 bar).
  • the grounding switch is only required to close on a short-circuit current and not to open as the circuit breaker. Hence, it can be of corresponding simpler design with less intricate dimensioning of its components than the circuit breaker, while still supporting the circuit breaker in interrupting the short circuit current.
  • the grounding switch can in particular be used together with circuit breakers with a rated voltage of more than 245 kV and a rated current of more than or equal to 63 kA, for example with LTB (life tank breaker) circuit breakers.
  • the large parallel capacitors of the breakers can be omitted and/or a single pole breaker can be used instead of a double/two pole breaker in T-arrangement.
  • Figure 1 shows an arrangement 1 according to the invention with a circuit breaker 2 and a grounding switch 3.
  • the circuit breaker 2 connects via corresponding terminals a generator or busbar side 4 of an electrical circuit or network with the line side 5 of the electrical circuit or network.
  • the grounding switch 3 connects the line side 5 to ground.
  • the grounding switch 3 preferably comprises control and operating means for closing the grounding switch 3 in order to transform a short-line fault occurring on the line side 5 into a terminal fault of the circuit breaker 2.
  • the circuit breaker 2 and the grounding switch 3 are preferably not arranged in the same housing but may of course be so if appropriate.
  • the grounding switch 3 may be coupled mechanically to the circuit breaker 2 but preferably both, the circuit breaker 2 and the grounding switch 3, have separate actuator means 7, 11 that are described below.
  • the circuit breaker 2 comprises an interrupter 6 with two contacts 6.1 and 6.2, the interrupter 6 being located in the current path from the generator or busbar side 4 to the line side 5. At least contact 6.2 is movable.
  • the circuit breaker 2 further comprises actuator means 7 for moving the one or more movable contacts 6.1, 6.2 of the interrupter 6 such that the contact 6.2 touches the contact 6.1, thereby closing the circuit breaker 2 (i.e. its interrupter 6), and for separating the contact 6.2 from the contact 6.1, thereby opening the contact breaker 2 (i.e. its interrupter 6).
  • the actuator means 7 are preferably given by a stored-energy spring actuator.
  • the actuator means 7 are on ground potential.
  • the movable contact 6.2 is preferably connected to the actuator means 7 via an insulator rod 8 that provides insulation of the interrupter 6 against ground. By moving the insulator rod 8 with the actuator means 7, the contact 6.2 is moved to and from the contact 6.1.
  • the circuit breaker 2 comprises an outer insulator 9 filled with an inert gas, in particular SF6, in which the interrupter 6 and the insulator rod 8 are hermetically enclosed.
  • the outer insulator 9 and the contacts 6.1 and 6.2 may be placed in an alternative insulation and interruption medium, e.g. carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), synthetic air or vacuum.
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • a sensor (not shown) is provided for detecting a short-line fault, i.e. its occurrence. The sensor can form part of the circuit breaker 2.
  • the grounding switch 3 is designed such that it can provide a given pre-defined basic insulation level (BIL) in its open state and such that it withstands pre-defined maximum possibly occurring transient voltages in open condition/state.
  • the basic insulation level (BIL) is defined as the insulation capability of an element of electrical equipment (here: the grounding switch 3) to withstand specified voltage surges (BIL voltage).
  • the grounding switch 3 comprises two contacts 10.1 and 10.2 with at least the contact 10.2 being movable.
  • the contacts 10.1 and 10.2 can be arranged as plug and tulip (as shown in Fig. 2 ) or as head-to-head (not shown) in a current path from the line side 5 of the electrical circuit/network to ground.
  • Actuator means 11 are provided for moving the contact 10.2 such that it touches the contact 10.1, thereby closing the grounding switch 3, and for separating the contact 10.2 from the contact 10.1, thereby opening the grounding switch 3, i.e. for providing fast opening and closing of the grounding switch 3.
  • the actuator means 11 are on ground potential and are preferably given by a stored-energy spring actuator.
  • the grounding switch 3 preferentially comprises an outer insulator 12 filled with an inert gas, preferably SF6, in which the contacts 10.1 and 10.2 are hermetically enclosed (in the following: SF6 grounding switch).
  • the outer insulator 12 might be filled with an alternative insulation medium, e.g. CO 2 and/or synthetic air.
  • a possible detailed version of the grounding switch 3 is shown in Figure 2 with the actuator means 11 being not depicted for simplicity.
  • each contact 10.1, 10.2 has assigned to it an element 13 for electrical field control, in particular an electrical shield, that preferably cylindrically surrounds the respective contact 10.1, 10.2.
  • the grounding switch 3 may, for example, comprise or further comprise a vacuum switch or/and a semiconductor switch that are preferably arranged in series to the contacts 10.1 and 10.2 that constitute a mechanical switch. If both, a vacuum switch and a semiconductor switch, are provided, they are preferentially arranged in series.
  • semiconductor switch e.g. a IGBT-(insulated gate bipolar transistor) module may be used.
  • a control unit (not shown) is provided for tripping and resetting the circuit breaker 2 and the grounding switch 3 in dependence on the occurrence of a short-line fault, in particular if the sensor gives a corresponding output.
  • the control unit Preferably at the same time the control unit generates and transmits a further trigger signal to the grounding switch 3 to trigger the grounding switch 3 to close.
  • the maximum closing time of the grounding switch 3 is preferably lower than the minimum breaking time of the circuit breaker 2, so that the grounding switch 3 closes shortly before the circuit breaker 2 has interrupted.
  • the grounding switch 3 preferentially closes approximately 2 ms before the minimum breaking time of the interrupter 6/the circuit breaker 2 is reached to account for/compensate possible jitter in the grounding switch 3 and the interrupter 6 of the circuit breaker 2. If the grounding switch 3 comprises a semiconductor switch then its maximum closing time can be chosen even closer to the minimum breaking time of the interrupter 6/circuit breaker 2 due to the speed of the semiconductor switch.
  • the grounding switch 3 preferably closes before the first current zero that the circuit breaker 2 could interrupt.
  • the grounding switch 3 of the invention must have a fast mechanical actuator means 11 and/or the support of a series-connected vacuum or semiconductor switch.
  • the closing time of the grounding switch 3 between detection of the short-line fault and the closing of the grounding switch 3 shall be shorter than the interruption time of the circuit breaker 2.
  • the grounding switch 3 stays in the closed state to carry the current caused by the fault up to a certain amount of time until the circuit breaker 2 has interrupted. This is in the order of the 2 milliseconds mentioned above, but preferentially also one half-wave longer, i.e. in 50 Hz networks approximately 12 milliseconds in total.
  • the circuit breaker 2 interrupts the short circuit current by extinguishing the arc between its contacts 6.1 and 6.2.
  • the pressure that is required at least for gas (e.g. SF6) filled circuit breakers within the circuit breaker 2 for interrupting the short circuit current caused by a circuit breaker terminal fault (and hence the artificial terminal fault into which the short-line fault is converted by closing the grounding switch 3), is much lower than the pressure that would be required to extinguish the arc caused by a short-line fault, if actually no grounding switch 3 were provided.
  • gas e.g. SF6
  • the opening time instant is preferentially chosen such that the contact 10.2 has been moved so far by the actuator means 11 that the contacts 10.1 and 10.2 have reached its maximum distance or at least a distance that is sufficient to insulate the rated voltage - it not necessarily being required that the distance is sufficient to insulate an overvoltage or the BIL voltage - no later than at the maximum required O-C time interval (open-closed time interval) of the interrupter 6 of the circuit breaker 2.
  • the O-C time interval of a circuit breaker 2 is defined as the time for an opened circuit breaker 2 to close to check if a temporary fault, e.g. as caused by a lightning stroke, has been resolved.

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
EP09159681A 2009-05-07 2009-05-07 Agencement, sous-station, procédé de fonctionnement et utilisation d'un commutateur de mise à la terre pour la protection d'un circuit électrique contre des défauts de court-circuit en ligne Withdrawn EP2249363A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09159681A EP2249363A1 (fr) 2009-05-07 2009-05-07 Agencement, sous-station, procédé de fonctionnement et utilisation d'un commutateur de mise à la terre pour la protection d'un circuit électrique contre des défauts de court-circuit en ligne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09159681A EP2249363A1 (fr) 2009-05-07 2009-05-07 Agencement, sous-station, procédé de fonctionnement et utilisation d'un commutateur de mise à la terre pour la protection d'un circuit électrique contre des défauts de court-circuit en ligne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2249363A1 true EP2249363A1 (fr) 2010-11-10

Family

ID=41066565

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09159681A Withdrawn EP2249363A1 (fr) 2009-05-07 2009-05-07 Agencement, sous-station, procédé de fonctionnement et utilisation d'un commutateur de mise à la terre pour la protection d'un circuit électrique contre des défauts de court-circuit en ligne

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2249363A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014117392A1 (fr) * 2013-02-01 2014-08-07 厦门华电开关有限公司 Appareillage de commutation à isolation solide et sa structure d'isolation à espace de gaz
CN112945528A (zh) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 白慧 一种充气隔离开关分合闸检测装置及其检测方法
DE102020204315A1 (de) 2020-04-02 2021-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschaltröhre mit feststehendem und bewegbaren Schaltstück und Schaltstück sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Vakuumschaltröhre oder eines Schaltstücks

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1184837B (de) * 1962-02-02 1965-01-07 Sachsenwerk Licht & Kraft Ag Trenn- oder Erdungsschalter
US3192440A (en) * 1960-09-16 1965-06-29 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Load switch with parallel connected capacitors
DE3130643A1 (de) 1981-07-28 1983-02-24 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka Hochspannungs- traegerfrequenz- kopplungsanordnung
DE3901180A1 (de) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-19 Plasmatech Gmbh Elektrotechnis Selbstloeschende gaselektronische schalter (pseudofunkenschalter)
WO1990013932A1 (fr) * 1989-05-12 1990-11-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Interrupteur avec un commutateur a trois positions
JPH03190021A (ja) 1989-12-19 1991-08-20 Toshiba Corp 遮断器
JPH03190028A (ja) 1989-12-19 1991-08-20 Toshiba Corp ガス遮断器
US5821496A (en) 1994-09-20 1998-10-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of controlling transient recovery voltage and gas insulation switch gear using the same
US20050103514A1 (en) * 2003-11-17 2005-05-19 Tomoaki Utsumi Vacuum switchgear
EP1638124A1 (fr) * 2004-09-16 2006-03-22 DE BIASI Giovanni Sectionneur de terre
WO2007068686A1 (fr) 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de coupure électrique, en particulier disjoncteur à haute tension, pourvu d'un boîtier
US7333316B1 (en) 2003-04-23 2008-02-19 Littelfuse, Inc. AC power line protection using thyristors
US20090045171A1 (en) * 2007-08-18 2009-02-19 Ema Electromecanica S.A. Circuit breaker with high speed mechanically-interlocked grounding switch

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3192440A (en) * 1960-09-16 1965-06-29 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Load switch with parallel connected capacitors
DE1184837B (de) * 1962-02-02 1965-01-07 Sachsenwerk Licht & Kraft Ag Trenn- oder Erdungsschalter
DE3130643A1 (de) 1981-07-28 1983-02-24 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka Hochspannungs- traegerfrequenz- kopplungsanordnung
DE3901180A1 (de) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-19 Plasmatech Gmbh Elektrotechnis Selbstloeschende gaselektronische schalter (pseudofunkenschalter)
WO1990013932A1 (fr) * 1989-05-12 1990-11-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Interrupteur avec un commutateur a trois positions
JPH03190028A (ja) 1989-12-19 1991-08-20 Toshiba Corp ガス遮断器
JPH03190021A (ja) 1989-12-19 1991-08-20 Toshiba Corp 遮断器
US5821496A (en) 1994-09-20 1998-10-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of controlling transient recovery voltage and gas insulation switch gear using the same
US7333316B1 (en) 2003-04-23 2008-02-19 Littelfuse, Inc. AC power line protection using thyristors
US20050103514A1 (en) * 2003-11-17 2005-05-19 Tomoaki Utsumi Vacuum switchgear
EP1638124A1 (fr) * 2004-09-16 2006-03-22 DE BIASI Giovanni Sectionneur de terre
WO2007068686A1 (fr) 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de coupure électrique, en particulier disjoncteur à haute tension, pourvu d'un boîtier
US20090045171A1 (en) * 2007-08-18 2009-02-19 Ema Electromecanica S.A. Circuit breaker with high speed mechanically-interlocked grounding switch

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014117392A1 (fr) * 2013-02-01 2014-08-07 厦门华电开关有限公司 Appareillage de commutation à isolation solide et sa structure d'isolation à espace de gaz
DE102020204315A1 (de) 2020-04-02 2021-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschaltröhre mit feststehendem und bewegbaren Schaltstück und Schaltstück sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Vakuumschaltröhre oder eines Schaltstücks
CN112945528A (zh) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 白慧 一种充气隔离开关分合闸检测装置及其检测方法
CN112945528B (zh) * 2021-01-29 2023-04-28 河北能瑞科技有限公司 一种充气隔离开关分合闸检测装置及其检测方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9450394B2 (en) Method, circuit breaker and switching unit for switching off high-voltage DC currents
US9520713B2 (en) Fast switch fault current limiter
EP2669921A1 (fr) Appareil de disjoncteur
EP2403091A2 (fr) Disjoncteur avec protection contre les surtensions
RU2657009C1 (ru) Баковый выключатель с импульсным разрядником, соединенным через изоляционные втулки каждого полюса
RU2458425C2 (ru) Высоковольтный выключатель с функцией разъединителя и способ управления выключателем
WO2015062644A1 (fr) Disjoncteur
US7986061B2 (en) Electrical switching device
EP2249363A1 (fr) Agencement, sous-station, procédé de fonctionnement et utilisation d'un commutateur de mise à la terre pour la protection d'un circuit électrique contre des défauts de court-circuit en ligne
WO2012045360A1 (fr) Coupe-circuit pour courant continu
CA2310619C (fr) Systeme de protection contre les arcs de rupture pour armoire electrique
Uglešić et al. Transients due to switching of 400 kV shunt reactor
Schoonenberg et al. Control of inductive load switching transients
Bojić et al. Switching transients in 400 kV transmission network due to circuit breaker failure
JP3337749B2 (ja) 高速再閉路接地開閉器
JP3369228B2 (ja) 高速再閉路接地開閉器
Gentsch et al. New Ultra Fast Earthing Switch (UFES) device based on the vacuum switching principle
CN211907314U (zh) 一种带非线性分合闸电阻的断路器
Farag et al. Guidelines for the application of vacuum contactors
Singh Switchgear and power system protection
Agarwal Vacuum interrupter applications in electrical power systems
CN111489913A (zh) 一种带非线性分合闸电阻的断路器
JP3369321B2 (ja) ガス絶縁開閉器
KR200268194Y1 (ko) 가스절연 개폐장치용 차단기의 고정접촉자 고정 장치
KR100521240B1 (ko) 이상전압 발생 방지용 고속도 접지스위치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20110511