EP2245639B1 - Isolateur à haute tension - Google Patents

Isolateur à haute tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2245639B1
EP2245639B1 EP09712010A EP09712010A EP2245639B1 EP 2245639 B1 EP2245639 B1 EP 2245639B1 EP 09712010 A EP09712010 A EP 09712010A EP 09712010 A EP09712010 A EP 09712010A EP 2245639 B1 EP2245639 B1 EP 2245639B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adhesive
groove
insulating tube
metal armature
supporting ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09712010A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2245639A1 (fr
Inventor
Bruno Widmer
Jean-Claude Mauroux
Martin Lakner
Leopold Ritzer
Reto Weder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP09712010A priority Critical patent/EP2245639B1/fr
Publication of EP2245639A1 publication Critical patent/EP2245639A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2245639B1 publication Critical patent/EP2245639B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/54—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form having heating or cooling devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/38—Fittings, e.g. caps; Fastenings therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high voltage insulator according to the preamble of claim 1, a method of manufacturing a high voltage insulator and a cooling element with this high voltage insulator.
  • the above-mentioned high-voltage insulator includes a metal fitting, an insulating tube, which is glued to an end formed as a support ring with the metal fitting, and guided around the axis of the insulating, axially symmetric adhesive joint.
  • the adhesive joint is bounded on the inside by an adhesive surface arranged on the support ring and to the outside by an adhesive surface arranged on the metal fitting and filled with a hardened adhesive layer in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • the end facing away from the support ring of the insulating tube is also formed as a support ring and connected via an adhesive joint with another metal fitting.
  • Such an insulator can be used as an insulating section in a passive cooling of a high-current high-voltage device, with high voltage basically an operating voltage greater than 1 kV to understand.
  • the preferred voltage range is below 100 kV and mainly relates to high-current devices and systems with nominal voltages of typically 10 to 50 kV.
  • the current carrying capacity of such apparatus and equipment is thermally limited.
  • high current devices typically 10 to 50 kA
  • active cooling elements eg air-air heat exchanger with Fans
  • passive cooling elements used with particularly good efficiency, in particular heat pipes (heat pipes), which also contain an evaporator and a heat exchanger and a working fluid in addition to the high-voltage insulator defined above.
  • heat pipes heat pipes
  • Heat generated in the high-current device due to current losses is used to evaporate the working fluid.
  • the vaporized working fluid is transported to an externally arranged heat exchanger and returns there by condensation, the heat loss formed in the high-current device again.
  • a generator switch running high-current devices are generally carried out single-phase encapsulated and have a disposed in the enclosure and located at high voltage potential inner conductor. Heat generated by current losses on the inner conductor is dissipated through the enclosure to the ambient air. This means that there must be an electrically insulating path between a high-voltage potential evaporator and a heat pipe condenser held at ground potential, which must be designed according to the required high voltage (e.g., 150 kV BIL). Evaporator and heat exchanger (condenser) are vacuum-sealed at the two ends of the high-voltage insulator.
  • the high-voltage insulator fulfills several functions, especially those of the guide of the working fluid and the separation of the potentials of evaporator and condenser.
  • the reliability of such a powerful passive cooling element and equipped with such a cooling element high-voltage system is only guaranteed if the insulator performs the above functions over many years.
  • Such an insulator should therefore be maintenance-free over a long period, typically 20 years.
  • Such a high long-term stability requires an extremely low leakage rate. A loss of work equipment and the ingress of air and moisture are thus avoided.
  • a high voltage insulator of the aforementioned type is described in DE 694 762 C ,
  • This high voltage insulator has a metal cap d and a rod insulator a fitted with the metal cap.
  • a groove c is formed, in which an annular trained gripping head b of the rod insulator a penetrates to form the joint.
  • a cavity present between the cap and the gripping head is filled by a layer g of a solidifying binder.
  • the cap d is provided with channels h. To prevent ingress of water, these channels are sealed after introduction and curing of the binder with an elastic mass.
  • DE 533 573 C shows a high voltage insulator used as a supporter of a high voltage line with a hollow body a closed on one side, which is cemented into a grounded socket b and carries a cap carrying the high voltage line.
  • the high-voltage insulator described is part of a heat pipe designed as a hollow cooling element, which serves to dissipate heat from a generator lead. He has a coaxial arrangement a mechanical supporting insulating tube made of a reinforced with fibers and / or filler polymer and coaxially held diffusion barriers and two hollow metal fittings, which are bonded vacuum-tight with the two, each designed as a support ring ends of the insulating tube. Between an adhesive surface of each of the two support rings and an adhesive surface of each of the two metal fittings extending from the front side of each support ring on its lateral surface adhesive joint is provided, which is filled vacuum-tight with a set adhesive layer.
  • the high-voltage insulator forms an insulating section of a cooling element which transmits heat formed by current losses in the high-voltage conductor to the encapsulation.
  • a working medium contained in the interior of the cooling element such as in particular acetone or a hydro-fluoro ether, the heat transfer and circulates as vapor from the evaporator through the insulating tube to the condenser, in which the vapor condenses while releasing the heat as a liquid. The liquid is returned to the evaporator through the high voltage insulator.
  • the high-voltage insulator therefore serves not only as an insulating section, but also as a conduit for the working fluid. Since this line receives a chemical medium, a continuous temperature of typically 80 ° C is exposed and must be liquid, gas and vacuum tight over many, typically 20 years, are to the adhesive joints between each formed as a support ring both ends of the insulating tube and high demands placed on metal fittings.
  • the object is to provide a high-voltage insulator of the type mentioned, which has a low leakage rate and also after many years of operation under strong mechanical, electrical, thermal and chemical stress characterized by a high level of operational reliability, and to provide a method for producing this high-voltage insulator and a cooling element containing this insulator.
  • an inner flank of a groove formed in a metal fitting carries a first sealing surface which centers a supporting ring of an insulating tube, and a second sealing surface is formed in the supporting ring.
  • Both sealing surfaces are arranged and designed such that during grouting of insulating tube and metal fitting, the two sealing surfaces slide on each other to form a seal and acting as a displacement carrier ring before grouting in the groove introduced adhesive in a grouting between an outer surface of the support ring and an outer Edge of the groove formed Klebfuge presses.
  • the high-voltage insulator according to the invention and a cooling element containing this high-voltage insulator are distinguished by a very small one Leakage rate and by excellent dielectric behavior, in particular a high tracking resistance, from.
  • High voltage insulator and cooling element according to the invention accordingly have a high long-term stability.
  • metal fittings can now be used in the manufacture of the insulator, which enclose after completion of the insulator only accessible from the interior of the insulating tube from cavity.
  • the adhesive joint extends into the base of the groove and if it is connected at the end remote from the base of the groove to at least one ventilation opening guided outwards through the metal fitting, then excess adhesive and air can escape from the entire adhesive joint when the insulating pipe and metal fitting are glued together. It is so effectively prevented that in the dielectrically particularly critical boundary region between the metal fitting, insulating tube and air (triple point) adhesive passes, whereby a mechanically, vacuum technically and dielectrically particularly high-quality adhesive bond between insulating and metal fitting is ensured.
  • this guide surface and the centering sealing surface formed in the inner groove flank can have a low production engineering advantage Have expansion in the axial direction. A secure centering of the insulating tube via two in the axial direction with a relatively large distance held in the metal fitting guide surfaces is then yes guaranteed.
  • At least one of the abovementioned two adhesive surfaces has at least one rib extending predominantly in the circumferential direction, then the diffusion path for moisture and air penetrating from the outside into the adhesive joint is lengthened, thus largely avoiding undesired penetration of moisture and air into the interior of the high-voltage insulator. At the same time the juxtaposition of several small air bubbles in the axial direction is counteracted in the adhesive and so a vacuum-tight seal is achieved.
  • the liquid adhesive is therefore introduced free of air bubbles and well distributed in the joint, whereby a vacuum-tight adhesive bond is achieved in a safe and easily reproducible manner.
  • the method therefore enables vacuum-tight high-voltage insulators with a low leakage rate and a long service life to be produced virtually without rejects.
  • the tubular high-voltage insulator shown comprises an insulating tube 1 extending along an axis A and provided with a creepage-extending shield on its outside.
  • the insulating tube 1 is made of a polymeric composite, for example based on a duromer such as an epoxide, and a filler such as silica flour or glass fibers, but may also be made of a ceramic such as porcelain.
  • the two ends of the insulating tube 1 are each formed as a support ring 10 and 10 'and are each vacuum-tight in a coaxial arrangement with a metal fitting 2 and 2' glued.
  • the upper armature 2 is annular and provided with an external thread 20 and a guided around the insulating field electrode 21, which during operation of the insulator controls the electrical field caused by the applied high voltage in the triple point formed by metal fitting, insulating tube and surrounding air.
  • a metal vessel can be screwed vacuum-tight. The interior of this vessel is then connected in a vacuum-tight manner to the interior of the insulating tube 1.
  • Such a sealed insulator can be filled with a working medium, in particular acetone or hydro-fluoro ether.
  • a working medium in particular acetone or hydro-fluoro ether.
  • the fitting 2 ' is then thermally attached to a loaded with large currents current conductor, while the metal vessel held on the fitting 2 can be connected to a located at ground potential and the removal of heat metal encapsulation.
  • the high-voltage insulator is then a cooling element, which removes heat from the power conductor in the serving as evaporator metal fitting 2 'by evaporation of liquid working fluid, which is dissipated by condensation of the vaporized working fluid at the serving as a condenser, cooled metal vessel to the outside.
  • the two support rings 10, 10 ' are identical. As in Figure 3 When the support ring 10 is shown, the support rings 10, 10 'each contain on its outer side a fitting at the end of the insulating 1 conical adhesive surface 11 and an adjoining cylindrical guide surface 12. It is evident on the inside each have a fitting at the pipe end cylindrical surface thirteenth on which sealing and guiding function is fulfilled.
  • the surfaces 11, 12 and 13 are formed by machining, such as turning and / or grinding, in the support rings 10, 10 '.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 is shown in the metal fitting 2, they each contain a paragraph 22, in which a guided around the axis of the insulating tube 1, annular groove 23 is formed.
  • This groove 23 has two coaxial arrangement mainly along the axis A aligned flanks on.
  • the outer flank carries a sealing surface 24 centering the support ring 10.
  • the outer flank carries a cylindrical adhesive surface 25 extending into the base of the groove 23.
  • a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed ventilation openings 26 are guided predominantly radially outward through the metal fitting 2 , At the end facing away from the groove bottom end of the outer edge of the support ring 10 centering, cylindrical guide surface 27 is formed in the metal fitting 2 above the vent openings 26.
  • Fig. 4 It can be seen that the adhesive surfaces 11 and 25 extend into the bottom of the groove 23 and annularly guided about the axis A bond line 30 which is filled vacuum-tight with a set adhesive layer. Since the adhesive surface 11 widens conically upwards from the bottom of the groove 23 and since the adhesive surface 25 is cylindrical, the cross section of the adhesive joint 30 decreases from the bottom of the groove 23 to the ventilation openings 26. In at least one of the adhesive surfaces 11, 25, at least one predominantly circumferentially extending rib 28 (in Fig.2 dashed lines indicated) be formed.
  • liquid adhesive 32 for example, a two-component adhesive based on an epoxy, introduced into the annular groove 23 and distributed uniformly over the entire circumference of the groove.
  • a typical 40 to 60 mm diameter insulating tube used for high voltages of 10 to 30 kV typically 2 to 3 ml of adhesive are introduced into the groove.
  • the insulating tube 1 is inserted in the direction of an arrow 33 from above into the metal fitting 2 and grouted with the metal fitting to form the joint.
  • the free end portion of the support ring 10 penetrates into the groove 23 a.
  • the two guide surfaces 12 and 13 of the support ring 10 slide here on the corresponding guide surfaces 24 and 27 of the metal fitting 2 and ensure that the insulating tube 1 is centered.
  • the support ring 10 acts as a displacement body and presses the adhesive upwards.
  • the Guide surfaces 13 and 24 are formed as sealing surfaces and when sliding together form a seal for the adhesive 32, the displaced adhesive 32 is pressed from the bottom of the groove along the adhesive surfaces 11 and 25 in the adhesive joint. Excess glue and air escape through the ventilation openings 26 connected to the adhesive joint to the outside.
  • the joining and displacement process is completed and is then - as in Figure 4 shown - the adhesive joint 30 completely filled with adhesive.
  • a bond is achieved, which is characterized by a high mechanical tensile shear strength of typically 20 [N / mm 2 ] and a good vacuum tightness with a leakage rate of less than 10 -9 [mbar l / s]. Since the excess adhesive in the joining and displacement process in the vents 26 through the metal fitting 2 passes out through the penetration of adhesive into an above the openings 26 arranged air-filled annulus, through the free end of the metal fitting 2 and the insulating 1 is limited, avoided.
  • a good distribution of the adhesive 32 in the joint 30 and thus a void-free, set adhesive layer is achieved in that the adhesive before Grouting, such as by turning the valve 2 and mixer 30 against each other, is introduced particularly uniformly in the groove 23. Due to the fact that the cross-section of the joint in the direction of flow of the liquid adhesive 32 is reduced, the liquid adhesive passes very evenly and without bubbles from the groove bottom into the joint 30. Therefore, a void-free set adhesive layer is achieved at the point of adhesion. In addition, the thickness of this adhesive layer to the end of the support ring 10 increases towards. Unwanted voltage peaks at the end of the insulating tube 1 are so greatly reduced.
  • the insulating tube 1 can also be glued to the metal fitting 2 '.
  • the metal fitting 2 is accessible from the outside.

Landscapes

  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Isolateur à haute tension, présentant
    - une armature métallique (2, 2'),
    - un tube isolant (1) collé sur l'armature métallique à une extrémité configurée comme bague de support (10, 10'),
    - un joint collé (30) posé autour de l'axe (A) du tube isolant, délimité vers l'intérieur par une première surface de collage (11) disposée sur la bague de support et vers l'extérieur par une deuxième surface de collage (25) disposée sur l'armature métallique et rempli d'une couche d'adhésif durcie,
    - une rainure annulaire (23) formée dans l'armature métallique autour de l'axe du tube isolant, qui reprend une partie d'extrémité de la bague de support et qui présente dans un agencement coaxial deux flancs orientés principalement dans la direction axiale et dont le flanc extérieur porte la deuxième surface de collage (25),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le flanc intérieur porte une première surface d'étanchéité (24) qui centre la bague de support (10), en ce qu'une deuxième surface d'étanchéité (13) est formée dans la bague de support (10),
    en ce que la première et la deuxième surface d'étanchéité sont disposées et formées de telle sorte que lorsque le tube isolant (1) et l'armature métallique (2) sont assemblés, la première surface d'étanchéité (24) et la deuxième surface d'étanchéité (13) glissent l'une sur l'autre en formant un joint d'étanchéité et que la bague de support (10) qui agit comme corps de poussée repousse dans le joint collé (30) l'adhésif (32) apporté dans la rainure (23) avant l'assemblage.
  2. Isolateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie d'extrémité de la bague de support (10) s'appuie sur le fond de la rainure (23).
  3. Isolateur selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le joint collé (30) s'étend au fond de la rainure (23) et est relié à l'extrémité non tournée vers le fond de la rainure à au moins une ouverture (26) d'évacuation d'air qui s'ouvre sur l'extérieur à travers l'armature métallique (2).
  4. Isolateur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le flanc extérieur de la rainure s'étend dans la direction axiale plus loin que le flanc intérieur de la rainure et en ce qu'une surface de guidage (27) qui centre la bague de support est formée sur l'extrémité, non tournée vers le fond de la rainure, du flanc extérieur de la rainure.
  5. Isolateur selon l'une des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la section transversale du joint collé (30) diminue depuis le fond de la rainure jusqu'à l'ouverture (26) d'évacuation d'air.
  6. Isolateur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la première surface de collage (11) a une forme conique et la deuxième surface de collage (25) une forme cylindrique.
  7. Isolateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une nervure (28) qui s'étend principalement dans la direction périphérique est formée dans la première surface de collage (11) et/ou dans la deuxième surface de collage (25).
  8. Isolateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'armature métallique (2') entoure une cavité qui s'ouvre uniquement sur le tube isolant (1).
  9. Elément de refroidissement doté d'un isolateur de haute tension selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'armature métallique (2') est configurée comme évaporateur.
  10. Procédé de fabrication d'un isolateur de haute tension doté d'une armature métallique (2), d'un tube isolant (1) et d'un joint collé (30) de forme annulaire formé autour de l'axe (A) du tube isolant, délimité vers l'intérieur par une bague de support (10) du tube isolant (1) et à l'extérieur par l'armature métallique (2), le tube isolant étant assemblé avec l'armature métallique par insertion d'une partie d'extrémité de la bague de support dans une rainure annulaire (23) formée dans l'armature métallique et autour de l'axe du tube isolant, les pièces assemblées étant collées l'une à l'autre,
    caractérisé en ce que
    avant l'assemblage, la rainure (23) est remplie au moins en partie par un adhésif liquide (32) réparti uniformément dans la direction périphérique de la rainure,
    en ce que lors de l'assemblage, l'adhésif liquide (32) est refoulé hors de la rainure (23) pour pénétrer dans le joint collé (30) par la bague de support (10) qui agit comme corps de refoulement et
    en ce que lors de l'opération de poussée, l'adhésif en excès et l'air sont évacués hors du joint collé (30) par au moins une ouverture (26) d'évacuation d'air formée à travers l'armature métallique (2).
EP09712010A 2008-02-21 2009-02-17 Isolateur à haute tension Active EP2245639B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09712010A EP2245639B1 (fr) 2008-02-21 2009-02-17 Isolateur à haute tension

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08151725 2008-02-21
EP09712010A EP2245639B1 (fr) 2008-02-21 2009-02-17 Isolateur à haute tension
PCT/EP2009/051840 WO2009103696A1 (fr) 2008-02-21 2009-02-17 Isolateur à haute tension

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2245639A1 EP2245639A1 (fr) 2010-11-03
EP2245639B1 true EP2245639B1 (fr) 2011-11-02

Family

ID=39493441

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09712010A Active EP2245639B1 (fr) 2008-02-21 2009-02-17 Isolateur à haute tension

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8278557B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2245639B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5265706B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101952907B (fr)
AT (1) ATE532187T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009103696A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103617845B (zh) * 2013-12-10 2016-09-21 国家电网公司 一种悬式绝缘子
CA3007729A1 (fr) * 2017-06-12 2018-12-12 Vibrosystm Inc. Methode de surveillance de decharges partielles dans une machine electrique a haute tension, et cable de connexion associe
KR102005864B1 (ko) * 2019-03-15 2019-10-08 (주)펨코엔지니어링건축사사무소 연면거리 조절 기능을 갖는 전기설비용 부하개폐기
US11227708B2 (en) 2019-07-25 2022-01-18 Marmon Utility Llc Moisture seal for high voltage insulator
CN111540550A (zh) * 2020-05-25 2020-08-14 江苏神马电力股份有限公司 支柱绝缘子及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (18)

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CH89623A (de) * 1920-05-06 1921-07-16 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Hochspannungsisolator mit Metallarmatur.
DE533573C (de) * 1928-12-05 1931-09-16 Paul Meyer A G Dr Stuetzer fuer Hochspannungsleitungen
US1830870A (en) * 1929-02-20 1931-11-10 Reyrolle A & Co Ltd Oil-jacketed insulator for electric switchgear and the like
DE694762C (de) * 1937-07-02 1940-08-07 Brown Boveri & Cie Akt Ges Haenge- oder Abspannisolator in Stabform
DE1771092U (de) * 1957-11-07 1958-07-31 Siemens Ag Halterung umbruchbeanspruchter keramischer teile durch eine aufgekittete armatur, z. b. metallkappe, insbesondere fuer hohlstuetzer.
CH384655A (de) * 1960-07-22 1964-11-30 Siemens Ag Stützisolator aus Kunststoff
DE1465287B2 (de) * 1964-05-14 1973-05-03 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Hochspannungsverbundisolator
US3571492A (en) * 1969-03-25 1971-03-16 Us Navy R.f. high voltage insulation link
FR2281827A1 (fr) * 1974-08-16 1976-03-12 Siemens Ag Materiau isolant plat ou en nappe pour organes electriques
DE2545413A1 (de) * 1975-10-10 1977-04-14 Licentia Gmbh Fassungsarmatur fuer isolatoren
US4185161A (en) * 1977-08-22 1980-01-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Modular guyline insulator
FR2412150A1 (fr) * 1977-12-14 1979-07-13 Ceraver Isolateur electrique de ligne en matiere organique
FR2511179A1 (fr) * 1981-08-05 1983-02-11 Ceraver Isolateur de hauban de type composite
US5243132A (en) * 1992-01-17 1993-09-07 Cooper Industries, Inc. Drain hole core for explosion-proof drain seal fittings
CA2349253C (fr) * 2000-12-26 2009-11-17 S&C Electric Company Methode et agencement pour la fourniture d'un joint de boitier etanche aux gaz
US7044458B2 (en) * 2001-04-30 2006-05-16 Maclean-Fogg Company Stabilizer bar
US6831232B2 (en) * 2002-06-16 2004-12-14 Scott Henricks Composite insulator
ATE441196T1 (de) 2004-11-16 2009-09-15 Abb Research Ltd Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit kühlung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8278557B2 (en) 2012-10-02
EP2245639A1 (fr) 2010-11-03
WO2009103696A1 (fr) 2009-08-27
CN101952907A (zh) 2011-01-19
ATE532187T1 (de) 2011-11-15
JP2011512634A (ja) 2011-04-21
CN101952907B (zh) 2012-04-25
US20110030994A1 (en) 2011-02-10
JP5265706B2 (ja) 2013-08-14

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