EP2245203A1 - Tôle en acier inoxydable austenitique et procede d'obtention de cette tôle - Google Patents
Tôle en acier inoxydable austenitique et procede d'obtention de cette tôleInfo
- Publication number
- EP2245203A1 EP2245203A1 EP08872296A EP08872296A EP2245203A1 EP 2245203 A1 EP2245203 A1 EP 2245203A1 EP 08872296 A EP08872296 A EP 08872296A EP 08872296 A EP08872296 A EP 08872296A EP 2245203 A1 EP2245203 A1 EP 2245203A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- temperature
- steel
- rolled
- hot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- -1 chromium carbides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
- C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Definitions
- the invention relates to stainless steel sheets having high mechanical properties and good resistance to corrosion in order to be intended in particular for the manufacture of automotive parts, such as structural parts or engine head gaskets.
- the stainless steels considered here are in the sense given to this expression by the ISO 6929 standard, ie steels containing at least 10.5% by weight of chromium and not more than 1 , 2% by weight of carbon.
- austenitic steels are alloy steels containing chromium, nickel, manganese, nitrogen, carbon and optionally copper and molybdenum, in order to produce an austenitic microstructure, which has the advantage of presenting a large crystalline mesh for the iron (cubic face-centered), which increases the solubility of the various elements of alloys in iron, including carbon.
- austenitic stainless steels are characterized by relatively modest mechanical properties in the annealed state. In fact, unlike the martensitic steels which take the quenching, these do not harden significantly by heat treatment.
- Rm 1500MPa
- the use of these hardened products poses several problems, on the one hand the cost associated with the additional rolling operation compared to an annealed product, on the other hand the low elongation capacities and the planar anisotropy. This is why solutions in the annealed state are sought.
- the usual process for producing austenitic stainless steels is as follows: after hot rolling of a strip followed by annealing, a cold rolling is carried out whose rate depends on the final characteristics concerned.
- the steel then has good mechanical strength, but its ductility is too low, especially for its subsequent shaping. To overcome this, it is subjected to a final recrystallization treatment in the form of an annealing furnace, that is to say a heating with temperature maintenance the time required for complete recrystallization before controlled cooling.
- the main purpose of annealing is to put the metal in a structural state close to the state of equilibrium.
- the internal energy accumulated during the cold-working is evacuated.
- a recrystallization annealing will use this internal energy differential to promote the germination of new metal grains and their growth. It is understood that the greater the internal energy increase due to hardening is important, the more likely there will be new seeds during the annealing, and thus a small final grain size. Also, is it advantageous to perform a strong work hardening prior to annealing.
- the recrystallization temperature is also an important parameter for controlling the final grain size since the grain boundary mobility increases with temperature. It is therefore recommended to lower the annealing temperature to obtain a fine grained structure.
- the heating conventionally used during the recrystallization annealing is also a quenching, that is to say it must exceed the solvus of chromium carbides to put in solution all the carbon in the austenite.
- the objective of this step is to avoid any risk of localized corrosion caused by decrepit areas around chromium carbides.
- the solution temperature of the chromium carbides thus constitutes a limit to the decrease of the annealing temperature in order to refine the microstructure. This limit depends on the chemical composition and mainly the carbon content. An equilibrium has been found in the prior art using steels having low carbon contents, which makes it possible to lower the solvus of chromium carbides and to delay the kinetics of precipitation. As can be seen in FIG.
- the total recrystallization temperature Tc is achieved without entering the area Ai of precipitation of chromium carbides, relative to these steels with a C content of less than 0.05% C.
- the mechanical strength of the steel can be further improved by hardening after this heat treatment.
- all tests of grain size refinement have failed, resulting in a high precipitation of chromium carbides caused by the lowering of the annealing temperature.
- the object of the invention is to provide an answer to this problem which has not yet been solved by means of a steel with a very fine austenitic microstructure, whose carbon content significantly increased compared with the practice of the prior art, makes it possible to obtain increased mechanical strength together with very good corrosion resistance.
- the invention relates to a stainless steel sheet whose composition comprises, the contents being expressed by weight: 0.05% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.30 %, 0.3% ⁇ If ⁇ 1%, 0.5% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 3%, 4% ⁇ Ni ⁇ 10%, 15% ⁇ Cr ⁇ 20%, N ⁇ 0.2%, P ⁇ 0.05 %, S ⁇ 0.015%, optionally 0.1 ⁇ V ⁇ 0.5%, optionally Mo ⁇ 3%, optionally Cu ⁇ 0.5%, the remainder of the composition consisting of iron and unavoidable impurities resulting from the production, the microstructure of the steel being essentially austenitic, the average size of the austenite grains being less than 2 microns, the sheet containing chromium carbides precipitated at the austenitic grain boundaries for more than 90% of them.
- the composition preferably comprises, the contents being expressed by weight: 0.09% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.30%.
- the composition comprises, the contents being expressed by weight: 16% ⁇ Cr ⁇ 18%
- the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a stainless steel sheet, according to which:
- a steel of composition is supplied according to any one of the above compositions, and then
- the slab is hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled sheet, and then
- the hot-rolled sheet is annealed at a temperature greater than 1000 ° C., and then
- the hot-rolled sheet is scraped off, then the hot-rolled sheet is cold-rolled at a reduction rate greater than 40%, then
- a total recrystallization heat treatment is carried out on the cold-rolled sheet, the heat treatment comprising a rapid heating phase, at a speed Vc of between 50 and 800 ° C./s up to a temperature of between Tc and Tc + 50 ° C, Tc denoting the total recrystallization temperature, so as to obtain a heated sheet and completely recrystallized, then
- the sheet is maintained at the temperature Tm for a period of between 1 and 100 seconds in order to obtain a precipitation of chromium carbides, and then
- the sheet is cooled to room temperature.
- the rapid heating is up to a temperature greater than 800 ° C. and less than or equal to 900 ° C.
- the subject of the invention is also a process for manufacturing a stainless steel sheet, according to which: a composition steel is supplied according to any one of the above compositions, and then
- the slab is hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled sheet, and then
- the hot-rolled sheet is annealed at a temperature greater than 1000 ° C., and then the hot-rolled sheet is scoured, then
- the hot-rolled sheet is rolled cold at a reduction rate greater than 40%, and then
- a partial recrystallization heat treatment is carried out on the cold-rolled sheet, the heat treatment comprising a rapid heating phase, at a speed V 0 of between 50 and 800 ° C./s up to a temperature of between Tc and Tc; -50 ° C, Tc denoting the total recrystallization temperature, so as to obtain a partially recrystallized heated sheet, and then
- the partially recrystallized heated sheet is cooled at a speed greater than 50 ° C./s up to a temperature Tm of approximately 750 ° C., and then the sheet is maintained at the temperature Tm for a duration of between 1 and 100s; in order to get a precipitation of chromium carbides and then
- the sheet is cooled to room temperature
- the rapid heating is up to a temperature greater than or equal to 700 ° C. and less than or equal to 800 ° C.
- the sheet cooled a cold deformation operation capable of generating the appearance of martensite within the structure of the steel.
- the rapid heating is preferably carried out by electromagnetic induction.
- the resistance may vary between about 1000 and 1600 MPa.
- the invention also relates to an installation for implementing a recrystallization annealing comprising a rapid heating device by electromagnetic induction for heating the sheet during the heating phase during the implementation of the process defined above.
- the invention also relates to a stainless steel sheet manufactured by the manufacturing method above.
- the invention also relates to a mechanical stainless steel part obtained from a sheet made by the manufacturing process above.
- the invention also relates to the use of a sheet obtained by the above manufacturing process for the manufacture of structural parts for automobiles.
- the invention also relates to the use of a sheet obtained by the above manufacturing method for the manufacture of motor cylinder head gaskets.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the heating of an austenitic steel with a carbon content of less than 0.05% (whose chromium carbide precipitating region Ai has been represented) or a higher carbon content (precipitation domain A 2 ) during a recrystallization annealing with a heating rate V 0 according to the prior art.
- FIG. 2 is a similar diagram illustrating an embodiment according to the invention with total recrystallization annealing followed by destabilization of the structure. Domain A precipitation of chromium carbides was also included as well as the total recrystallization temperature Tc.
- the invention essentially consists of a new sheet of austenitic stainless steel with very fine grains, having a significant carbon content, greater than 0.05 or 0.09%, and in a new process for obtaining a sheet from this steel which offsets the undesired effects of this increase in the carbon content by a very rapid heating annealing to quickly reach the recrystallization temperature.
- the main problem raised by the recrystallization annealing of austenitic stainless steel is that it can proceed to recrystallization without the precipitation of chromium carbides. On the one hand, these carbides are detrimental to the corrosion resistance of the steel, but they also prevent the recrystallization from starting.
- a stainless steel of composition as defined below, which comprises:
- silicon having a content of between 0.05 and 0.30% by weight. If the C content is less than 0.05%, the mechanical strength is insufficient. A carbon content greater than or equal to 0.09% is particularly suitable for the process described in FIG. 2. On the other hand, if the content is greater than 0.30%, the cold rolling forces are considerably increased, which reduces the accessible dimensional range.
- silicon with a content of between 0.3 and 1% by weight. Silicon is used as a deoxidizer for liquid steel. In addition, it participates in hardening in solid solution and reduces the stacking fault energy which partly controls the martensitic transformation induced by the deformation. Its content is limited to 1% by weight because it has a tendency to disturb the manufacturing process of the steel sheet by posing problems of segregation during the casting of steel slab;
- Manganese at a content between 0.5 and 3%. Manganese promotes the formation of austenite and increases the solubility of nitrogen in austenite. At less than 0.5%, manganese can no longer trap sulfur as MnS and hot forgeability degrades, causing surface defects on hot-rolled strip. Beyond 3%, these effects are saturated.
- chromium at a content of between 15 and 20%. Chromium promotes the formation of deformation martensite, and is an essential element in giving steel good corrosion resistance. If the chromium content is less than 15%, the corrosion resistance will be insufficient; if the chromium content exceeds 20%, the ferrite fraction during hot rolling becomes too large and can lead to the formation of bank cracks. These different effects are stably obtained in a preferred range of 16 to 18% chromium.
- Nickel at a content of between 4 and 10%.
- Nickel stabilizes the austenite and promotes the re-passivation of the steel. This is the formation on the steel surface of a very thin protective film with low ionic permeability. If the nickel content is less than 5%, the corrosion resistance of the steel is insufficient. If the nickel content is greater than 10%, the austenite is over-stabilized. The formation of deformation martensite is then no longer sufficient and the characteristics of the steel are insufficient; - nitrogen with a content less than or equal to 0.2%. In addition to its action in favor of the formation of austenite, nitrogen delays the precipitation of chromium carbides. Beyond 0.2%, it may deteriorate the hot ductility of the steel;
- Phosphorus is an easily segregating element. It promotes the solid solution hardening of steel, however its content must be limited to 0.05% because it increases the fragility of steel and decreases its weldability;
- sulfur at a content less than or equal to 0.015%.
- Sulfur is also a segregating element whose content must be limited in order to avoid cracks during hot rolling.
- composition may optionally include:
- vanadium at a content of between 0.1 and 0.5%. Vanadium promotes the weldability of steel and inhibits the growth of austenite grains in the heat affected zone. Beyond 0.5%, vanadium does not contribute to the improvement of the weldability, and below 0.1%, the weldability of the steel is not improved.
- molybdenum at a content of less than or equal to 3%. Molybdenum promotes the formation of deformation martensite and increases corrosion resistance, especially when combined with nitrogen. Beyond 3%, the corrosion resistance of the steel is no longer improved and hardening at high temperature makes hot rolling too difficult.
- the rest of the composition consists of iron and other elements that are usually expected to be found as impurities resulting from the development of stainless steel, in proportions that do not affect the desired properties.
- the slab is hot rolled in a strip train to form a hot rolled sheet. This is annealed at a temperature above 1000 ° C. in order to allow subsequent cold rolling. The sheet is then etched by a method known per se.
- the hot rolled sheet is then cold rolled at room temperature at a reduction rate of greater than 40%.
- the heat treatment according to the invention consists in subjecting the cold-rolled steel sheet to a total recrystallization annealing comprising, in a first step, a rapid heating phase at a speed of between 50.degree. and 800 ° C / s to reach a temperature between Tc and Tc + 50 ° C.
- the rapid heating will preferably be carried out at a temperature greater than 800 ° C. and less than or equal to 900 ° C.
- This temperature must be reached before the onset of precipitation of chromium carbides.
- an ultra-fine austenitic grain having an average size of less than 2 microns is obtained. Indeed, obtaining a fine grain does not only depend on the rate of preliminary hardening, but also the annealing conditions (temperature and hold time).
- the higher the carbon content of the steel the higher the heating rate must be.
- the heating rate should reach about 100 ° C / s.
- such a heating rate is achieved by the use of an electromagnetic induction heating device.
- an electromagnetic induction heating device in particular by the choice of the frequency of the electric excitation current, makes it possible to rapidly obtain temperatures so high that it is no longer necessary to provide a maintenance phase of As the recrystallization temperature is reached faster than before, an advantage of the process according to the invention is that there is less internal energy loss during the heater. It therefore becomes possible to obtain the same fineness of grain for a lower work hardening rate than in the past. Although the increase in carbon content already allows itself to obtain high strength characteristics, it is still possible to improve them.
- the steel it is possible to perform only a partial recrystallization of the steel by heating only the sheet to a temperature between Tc and Tc-50 ° C.
- the sheet is preferably heated to a temperature greater than or equal to 700 ° C. and less than or equal to 800 ° C.
- martensite does not disappear totally in favor of austenite. It is therefore found in the form of martensitic islands distributed homogeneously in the steel. This presentation in the form of islands makes it possible not to unduly affect the elongation at break and the formability of the steel.
- the steel must not have more than 1% by volume of martensite. Beyond this limit, the elongation properties at break (A%) of steel may be deteriorated.
- a first cooling is carried out at a speed greater than 50 ° C./s so as to be placed in the vicinity of the nose of precipitation in isothermal conditions.
- This first cooling is carried out for example, up to a temperature Tm of about 750 ° C., that is to say between 700 and 800 ° C., where a maintenance lasting from 1 to 100 seconds is carried out. .
- Tm a temperature of about 750 ° C.
- the sheet is cooled to room temperature.
- the chromium carbides will predominantly precipitate, that is to say for more than 90% of them, at the austenitic grain boundaries.
- the invention will be particularly useful for the manufacture of motor cylinder head gaskets, which require a high yield strength and good resistance to fatigue and corrosion.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08872296.2A EP2245203B1 (fr) | 2007-12-20 | 2008-12-03 | Tôle en acier inoxydable austenitique et procede d'obtention de cette tôle |
SI200832034T SI2245203T1 (sl) | 2007-12-20 | 2008-12-03 | Avstenitna nerjavna jeklena pločevina in postopek za izdelavo te pločevine |
PL08872296T PL2245203T3 (pl) | 2007-12-20 | 2008-12-03 | Blacha z nierdzewnej stali austenitycznej i sposób otrzymywania tej blachy |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07291575A EP2072631A1 (fr) | 2007-12-20 | 2007-12-20 | Tole en acier inoxydable austenitique et procédé d'obtention de cette tole |
EP08872296.2A EP2245203B1 (fr) | 2007-12-20 | 2008-12-03 | Tôle en acier inoxydable austenitique et procede d'obtention de cette tôle |
PCT/FR2008/001687 WO2009101285A1 (fr) | 2007-12-20 | 2008-12-03 | Tôle en acier inoxydable austenitique et procede d'obtention de cette tôle |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2245203A1 true EP2245203A1 (fr) | 2010-11-03 |
EP2245203B1 EP2245203B1 (fr) | 2018-10-31 |
Family
ID=39186201
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07291575A Withdrawn EP2072631A1 (fr) | 2007-12-20 | 2007-12-20 | Tole en acier inoxydable austenitique et procédé d'obtention de cette tole |
EP08872296.2A Active EP2245203B1 (fr) | 2007-12-20 | 2008-12-03 | Tôle en acier inoxydable austenitique et procede d'obtention de cette tôle |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07291575A Withdrawn EP2072631A1 (fr) | 2007-12-20 | 2007-12-20 | Tole en acier inoxydable austenitique et procédé d'obtention de cette tole |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP2072631A1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK2245203T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2708578T3 (fr) |
HU (1) | HUE042000T2 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL2245203T3 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT2245203T (fr) |
SI (1) | SI2245203T1 (fr) |
TR (1) | TR201900950T4 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009101285A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2804962B1 (fr) * | 2012-01-20 | 2021-06-09 | Solu Stainless Oy | Procede de fabrication d'un acier inoxidable austenitique |
CN103484779A (zh) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-01-01 | 常熟市勤丰铸件厂 | 一种不锈钢铸件 |
CN106906428B (zh) * | 2015-12-23 | 2020-07-14 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | 一种传送带用硬态奥氏体不锈钢及其制造方法和应用 |
CN106011681B (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-04-20 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种提高316ln奥氏体不锈钢力学性能的方法 |
JP7049142B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-15 | 2022-04-06 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼板およびその製造方法並びにばね部材 |
KR102292016B1 (ko) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-08-23 | 한국과학기술원 | 균일하게 분포하는 나노 크기의 석출물을 다량 함유한 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN113637924A (zh) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-11-12 | 靖江市中信特种机械泵阀厂 | 一种醪液泵新型材料 |
CN113667903B (zh) * | 2021-08-11 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江久立特材科技股份有限公司 | 一种阶梯组织奥氏体不锈钢、无缝管及其制备方法和应用 |
CN113957322A (zh) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-21 | 烟台汽车工程职业学院 | 一种提高301不锈钢变形过程中马氏体形核能力及含量的方法 |
CN114480977B (zh) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-04-07 | 四川大学 | 一种低温2500MPa级超高强高韧钢及其制备方法 |
CN114317904B (zh) * | 2022-01-05 | 2024-01-19 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种航空发动机用沉淀硬化高温合金锻件成型方法 |
CN115948694B (zh) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-07-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种45mm以下高性能奥氏体不锈钢板及其制造方法 |
CN115595420B (zh) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-03-21 | 太原科技大学 | 一种高强韧含铜不锈钢及其生产工艺 |
CN115927965A (zh) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-04-07 | 广东甬金金属科技有限公司 | 一种铁镍合金及其应用以及一种焊接胀形强塑性铁镍不锈钢带及其制备方法 |
CN118241037B (zh) * | 2024-05-29 | 2024-08-02 | 太原科技大学 | 一种具有双峰组织的含铜不锈钢及其制备方法 |
CN118653098A (zh) * | 2024-08-22 | 2024-09-17 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种储氢容器用奥氏体不锈钢板及其制造方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB473331A (en) * | 1936-04-06 | 1937-10-06 | United States Steel Corp | Improvements in and relating to the heat treatment of austenitic nickel-chromium steels |
US3152934A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | 1964-10-13 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Process for treating austenite stainless steels |
GB1057168A (en) * | 1964-07-08 | 1967-02-01 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to heat treatment of metals |
GB1224114A (en) * | 1968-03-19 | 1971-03-03 | Japan Atomic Energy Res Inst | Stainless steel |
JPH05117813A (ja) * | 1991-04-18 | 1993-05-14 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 成形加工性および疲労特性に優れたメタルガスケツト用ステンレス鋼およびその製造方法 |
US5702543A (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1997-12-30 | Palumbo; Gino | Thermomechanical processing of metallic materials |
JP3691341B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-16 | 2005-09-07 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | 精密打抜き性に優れたオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板 |
FR2864108B1 (fr) * | 2003-12-22 | 2006-01-27 | Ugine Et Alz France | Tole en acier inoxydable presentant une grande resistance et un bon allongement, et procede de fabrication |
EP1739200A1 (fr) * | 2005-06-28 | 2007-01-03 | UGINE & ALZ FRANCE | Bande en acier inoxydable austenitique présentant un aspect de surface brillant et d'excellentes caractéristiques mécaniques |
-
2007
- 2007-12-20 EP EP07291575A patent/EP2072631A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-12-03 DK DK08872296.2T patent/DK2245203T3/en active
- 2008-12-03 EP EP08872296.2A patent/EP2245203B1/fr active Active
- 2008-12-03 HU HUE08872296A patent/HUE042000T2/hu unknown
- 2008-12-03 SI SI200832034T patent/SI2245203T1/sl unknown
- 2008-12-03 PT PT08872296T patent/PT2245203T/pt unknown
- 2008-12-03 PL PL08872296T patent/PL2245203T3/pl unknown
- 2008-12-03 ES ES08872296T patent/ES2708578T3/es active Active
- 2008-12-03 TR TR2019/00950T patent/TR201900950T4/tr unknown
- 2008-12-03 WO PCT/FR2008/001687 patent/WO2009101285A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2009101285A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HUE042000T2 (hu) | 2019-06-28 |
WO2009101285A1 (fr) | 2009-08-20 |
SI2245203T1 (sl) | 2019-04-30 |
PT2245203T (pt) | 2019-02-06 |
TR201900950T4 (tr) | 2019-02-21 |
ES2708578T3 (es) | 2019-04-10 |
EP2245203B1 (fr) | 2018-10-31 |
EP2072631A1 (fr) | 2009-06-24 |
PL2245203T3 (pl) | 2019-06-28 |
DK2245203T3 (en) | 2019-02-18 |
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