EP2236816A2 - Petite éolienne - Google Patents

Petite éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2236816A2
EP2236816A2 EP10003310A EP10003310A EP2236816A2 EP 2236816 A2 EP2236816 A2 EP 2236816A2 EP 10003310 A EP10003310 A EP 10003310A EP 10003310 A EP10003310 A EP 10003310A EP 2236816 A2 EP2236816 A2 EP 2236816A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wind turbine
housing
small wind
ring
impeller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10003310A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2236816A3 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Dr. Döge
Beate Dr. Mikoleit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EA Energiearchitektur GmbH
Original Assignee
EA Energiearchitektur GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EA Energiearchitektur GmbH filed Critical EA Energiearchitektur GmbH
Publication of EP2236816A2 publication Critical patent/EP2236816A2/fr
Publication of EP2236816A3 publication Critical patent/EP2236816A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/34—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/133—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines with a convergent-divergent guiding structure, e.g. a Venturi conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/911—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure already existing for a prior purpose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/10—Geometry two-dimensional
    • F05B2250/12—Geometry two-dimensional rectangular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05B2250/501—Inlet
    • F05B2250/5011—Inlet augmenting, i.e. with intercepting fluid flow cross sectional area greater than the rest of the machine behind the inlet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/30—Wind power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a small wind turbine, which is particularly suitable for use in, on, on or between buildings.
  • Wind turbines now make a major contribution to meeting the basic requirements for electrical energy in windy regions.
  • the wind turbines are designed to make economic use of wind energy very large. This means that they are mounted on tall masts, because the wind speed and the associated wind energy increase with the height and that they are provided with large rotor blades. As a result, the tips of the rotor blades can reach speeds that are in the range of the speed of sound at a corresponding strength of the wind. This creates z. T. considerable noise pollution.
  • the shadows or reflections of the rotor blades can cause mental disturbances to residents near the wind turbine.
  • wind turbines Due to their negative side effects (blighting of the landscape, strong noise, causing mental disturbances by stroboscopic effect) wind turbines are therefore usually set up decentralized from inhabited area, ie in open terrain.
  • the production of bent wind deflectors is complicated and expensive.
  • the effective for the production of wind energy inflow surface is reduced relative to the inflow surface of the housing.
  • the impeller is a Western wheel used, with which only a relatively small proportion of wind energy can be converted into mechanical energy.
  • Arizona State University also recognizes wind turbines installed on roof edges of buildings. These systems have another roof, which directs the wind flowing up the front of the building into the rotor, thereby increasing the wind yield.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • a small wind turbine is to be created, which can be retrofitted in many ways in, on, on or between existing buildings.
  • the small wind turbine should be simpler and more powerful than previous small wind turbines.
  • the invention relates to a small wind turbine for mounting in, on or on buildings, having an axial impeller consisting of an impeller hub and impeller blades, around which a housing with a rectangular, preferably square cross section, the components of a bottom plate, side walls and a roof are arranged.
  • the housing serves not only, as usual, to attach the impeller to the building and to protect the components therein, but also to guide the air flow. Due to its rectangular cross-section, the housing can also be easily integrated into various building structures.
  • the impeller is preferably an (axial, since the flow direction and the wind direction during normal operation of the small wind turbine are identical) used impeller having the same design as the wheels used in free-standing wind turbines.
  • impellers as part of high-speed turbines, wind energy is converted to mechanical and, ultimately, electrical energy with much greater efficiency than with impellers (eg, western wheels) used in conjunction with low-speed turbines.
  • the impeller drives a generator via a shaft, which is connected via a vibration damper and a support in column or cross-beam form with the housing directly.
  • the ring which is connected to the diaphragm and the impeller as closely as possible, prevents the axial impeller is flowed around by the wind.
  • flow around the impeller blades of a free impeller arise at the tips of the impeller blades end vortices and associated pressure fields, which lead to loss of power and noise.
  • the ring prevents the formation of end vortices around the outer ends of the impeller blades, which arise as a result of the pressure difference between the pressure and suction side of the blade profiles. Instead of the free flow around the blade tips, so-called crevice vertebrae occur, but their intensity is very low in comparison with those of the end vertebrae and continues to decrease as the gap width is reduced.
  • the distance between the impeller blade tip and the ring is chosen to be as small as possible according to the invention.
  • An increase in the axial length of the ring beyond the impeller blades or an inclination of the ring to the axis would have little effect on the impeller flow, since the axial extent of the ring is very small compared to the diameter of the impeller.
  • the aperture separates the inflow and outflow side of the small wind turbine.
  • the diameter of the clear cross section of the ring and accordingly the diameter of the rotor preferably selected to be only slightly smaller than the length of the shorter of the two edges of the housing, which limit the cross-sectional area of the housing.
  • the entire Windanström design the housing is used; in a case with a square cross-section, the ratio of the axially normal surface of the diaphragm to the clear cross-section of the ring is ideally (infinitely thin ring, recess directly adjacent to the housing) ⁇ / 4 (0.784); in real case, the ratio is somewhat smaller, since, in order to build the small wind turbine as simple and stable, usually the breakthrough is not directly adjacent to the housing (in this case, the aperture would not consist of one, but four individual pieces) and also the ring Stability reasons must have a certain thickness.
  • the diameter of the clear cross-section of the ring is smaller than the length of the shorter of the two edges which limit the cross-sectional area of the housing.
  • the ratio of the axis normal area of the diaphragm to the clear cross section of the ring should not be less than 0.5.
  • the small wind turbines which are intended for installation in, on or between buildings, therefore, the two side walls, the roof and the bottom plate of the housing, each parallel and equal in length, shorter than the diameter of the impeller.
  • the roof of the housing is in each case on the windward side and on the lee side shorter over the aperture over than the bottom plate.
  • the aperture is arranged approximately centrally on the bottom plate. It is also intended to arrange the roof and the side walls of the housing so that they protrude when installing the small wind turbine over the roof edge of the building.
  • the air currents which usually have a vertical component upwards in front of the impeller (updrafts on the building front) are effectively absorbed.
  • the roof is made much shorter and is mainly used for weather protection.
  • the diaphragm also causes an improvement in the axial symmetry of the flow through the impeller. This reduces the intensity of the starting vortices, which occur when the axial velocity changes during one revolution. The reduction of the intensity of the starting vortices also causes a significant reduction of the sound radiation and the mechanical vibrations.
  • baffles for flow guidance in front of the baffle in such a way that it produces a steady reduction of the flow cross section starting from the larger rectangular cross section of the housing to ensure the smaller round cross-section of the ring.
  • baffles for the flow guidance may also be provided behind the baffle, which effect a continuous widening of the flow cross section starting from the round cross section of the ring to the larger rectangular cross section of the housing. The internals counteract the formation of vortices that can form both the windward and leeward sides of the baffle and cause lower power losses.
  • vibration and vibration isolating elements are located, which prevent vibrations and vibrations are transmitted to the building fabric.
  • a variant of the small wind turbine according to the invention provides that a hinge is installed to protect against damage at high wind speeds between the impeller and the housing, which makes it possible to tilt the impeller out of the wind.
  • the force acting on the impeller blades axial force is so large that it overcomes the moment of the weight of the impeller and subordinate components and tilts the impeller by an angle of preferably 30 °, so it goes into the so-called "helicopter position".
  • the circumferential force decreases, whereby the speed of the impeller and thus the generator are limited. If the impeller is tilted, the shape of the ring must be adjusted so that the impeller blades can not touch the ring during tilting.
  • the small wind turbine in total rotatable, so that they are always rotated in the field of usable wind directions directly into the wind.
  • the wind energy can always be used optimally.
  • the fulcrum is placed in juxtaposed small wind turbines in a corner of the bottom plate.
  • the small wind turbines can be placed close to each other;
  • the usable roof area can be optimally used.
  • Fig. 1 shows a small wind turbine from the side in vertical section.
  • the roof 7 drops slightly from the front of the wind turbine towards the rear, moreover, it protrudes forward beyond the bottom plate 9. This ensures that when mounting the small wind turbine is caught at a roof edge of the ascending on the building wall wind under the roof 7 and the impeller, which consists of the impeller hub 1 and the impeller blades 2, is passed.
  • the impeller is in a plane with the diaphragm 6 and the ring 5, which is connected to the diaphragm 6 and surrounds the impeller.
  • the shaft of the generator 3 is connected directly to the impeller.
  • Between the support 4 and the generator 3 is a vibration and vibration decoupling element 14.
  • the support 4 is connected to the bottom plate 9.
  • the wind direction 11 points frontally on the wind turbine; In this case, the small wind turbine achieves its maximum performance.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 Further variants of the invention are shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, namely:

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
EP10003310A 2009-03-31 2010-03-27 Petite éolienne Withdrawn EP2236816A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009015669A DE102009015669A1 (de) 2009-03-31 2009-03-31 Kleinwindkraftanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2236816A2 true EP2236816A2 (fr) 2010-10-06
EP2236816A3 EP2236816A3 (fr) 2012-03-07

Family

ID=42224543

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10003310A Withdrawn EP2236816A3 (fr) 2009-03-31 2010-03-27 Petite éolienne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2236816A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009015669A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112983731A (zh) * 2021-03-02 2021-06-18 江苏常友环保科技股份有限公司 一种带引风罩的风力发电机
CN113357087A (zh) * 2020-12-01 2021-09-07 中铁建工集团有限公司 一种建筑用风能利用系统和方法
CN113931801A (zh) * 2021-12-16 2022-01-14 绿水青山(辽宁)电力设计院有限公司 一种蝶型微风发电装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202011105711U1 (de) 2011-09-16 2011-11-04 Imo Holding Gmbh Kleinwindenergieanlage und Vorrichtung zum aktiven Verstellen eines Blattes einer (Klein)windenergieanlage
DE102011113372A1 (de) 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Imo Holding Gmbh Kleinwindenergieanlage und Vorrichtung zum aktiven Verstellen eines Blattes einer (Klein)windenergieanlage
EP2570655B1 (fr) 2011-09-16 2015-11-11 IMO Holding GmbH Dispositif de réglage actif d'une pale de (petite) éolienne

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9115618U1 (de) 1991-12-17 1992-04-02 Diedrich, Ferdinand, 4572 Essen Windrad zur Energiegewinnung, geeignet für die Plazierung auf Bauwerken, im besonderen bei Schrägdächern
US6041596A (en) 1998-03-23 2000-03-28 Royer; George R. Building structure for utilization of wind power
DE10056767A1 (de) 2000-11-14 2002-06-06 Segjo Imeri Windkraftanlage
US20080315592A1 (en) 2007-06-25 2008-12-25 Anthony Branco Parabolic bi-directional wind turbine assembly and omni-directional power array

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US833184A (en) * 1906-04-09 1906-10-16 Sahag Terzian Windmill.
US1361696A (en) * 1919-11-20 1920-12-07 Domenico Deiana Windmill
US4116581A (en) * 1977-01-21 1978-09-26 Bolie Victor W Severe climate windmill
DE2951085A1 (de) * 1979-12-19 1981-06-25 Alfred 4150 Krefeld Hochstein Vorrichtung zur ausnutzung von windenergie an bauwerken, insbesondere fassaden und daechern
DE3124892A1 (de) * 1981-06-25 1983-01-13 Gernot 5165 Hürtgenwald Gabriel Einrichtung zur energiegewinnung aus bewegter luft
DE10030292A1 (de) * 2000-06-27 2002-01-10 Manfred Ramthun Anordnung zum Gewinnen von Energie aus Wind- und/oder Sonnenkraft
DE20204945U1 (de) * 2002-03-27 2003-07-31 Stanger, Reinhard, 32339 Espelkamp Windkraftanlage zur Integration in ein Gebäude
FR2852063B1 (fr) * 2003-03-03 2008-02-08 Edmond Thuries Systeme de captation de l'energie eolienne
FR2854930A1 (fr) * 2003-05-15 2004-11-19 Louis Charles Gaucher Eolienne a capteur d'air en fuseau, couple a une roue motrice, une turbine ou autre dispositif sur lesquels on fait agir la vitesse de l'air
CA2449575A1 (fr) * 2003-11-18 2005-05-18 John S. Haskill Aerogenerateur
CA2590918A1 (fr) * 2004-12-17 2006-06-22 Composite Support & Solutions, Inc. Eolienne a accroissement de diffusion
US8668433B2 (en) * 2005-12-22 2014-03-11 Kevin L. Friesth Multi-turbine airflow amplifying generator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9115618U1 (de) 1991-12-17 1992-04-02 Diedrich, Ferdinand, 4572 Essen Windrad zur Energiegewinnung, geeignet für die Plazierung auf Bauwerken, im besonderen bei Schrägdächern
US6041596A (en) 1998-03-23 2000-03-28 Royer; George R. Building structure for utilization of wind power
DE10056767A1 (de) 2000-11-14 2002-06-06 Segjo Imeri Windkraftanlage
US20080315592A1 (en) 2007-06-25 2008-12-25 Anthony Branco Parabolic bi-directional wind turbine assembly and omni-directional power array

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GASCH, R.; TWELE, J.: "Windkraftanlagen", 2007, B. G. TEUBNER VERLAG

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113357087A (zh) * 2020-12-01 2021-09-07 中铁建工集团有限公司 一种建筑用风能利用系统和方法
CN112983731A (zh) * 2021-03-02 2021-06-18 江苏常友环保科技股份有限公司 一种带引风罩的风力发电机
CN113931801A (zh) * 2021-12-16 2022-01-14 绿水青山(辽宁)电力设计院有限公司 一种蝶型微风发电装置
CN113931801B (zh) * 2021-12-16 2022-02-22 绿水青山(辽宁)电力设计院有限公司 一种蝶型微风发电装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2236816A3 (fr) 2012-03-07
DE102009015669A1 (de) 2010-10-07

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