EP2236217B1 - Method and device for coating metallic tubes or other long components with limited cross-section - Google Patents

Method and device for coating metallic tubes or other long components with limited cross-section Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2236217B1
EP2236217B1 EP10157996A EP10157996A EP2236217B1 EP 2236217 B1 EP2236217 B1 EP 2236217B1 EP 10157996 A EP10157996 A EP 10157996A EP 10157996 A EP10157996 A EP 10157996A EP 2236217 B1 EP2236217 B1 EP 2236217B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
processing line
coated
coating
tubes
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Not-in-force
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EP10157996A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2236217A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Kreilos
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Babcock Borsig Service GmbH
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Babcock Borsig Service GmbH
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Priority to PL10157996T priority Critical patent/PL2236217T3/en
Publication of EP2236217A1 publication Critical patent/EP2236217A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0218—Pretreatment, e.g. heating the substrate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
    • B05D1/265—Extrusion coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0209—Multistage baking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B05D3/0281—After-treatment with induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/546—No clear coat specified each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/002—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials the substrate being rotated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
    • B05D2202/10—Metallic substrate based on Fe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2254/00—Tubes
    • B05D2254/02—Applying the material on the exterior of the tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B05D3/0272—After-treatment with ovens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
    • B05D3/0406—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
    • B05D3/0413—Heating with air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/10—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
    • B05D3/102—Pretreatment of metallic substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/12—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
    • B05D5/086—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers having an anchoring layer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for coating metallic pipes or other long components of limited cross-section, in particular of tubes for heat exchangers, and to an apparatus for carrying out this method.
  • modified PTFE materials that have properties similar to PFA in the area of acid resistance do not have a melting point in contrast to PFA. For this reason, they can not be melt-extruded processed but only paste-extruded. That is, the material is not fused (as in PFA) but pressed together only in pasty form, which amounts to a sintering.
  • the molecules align only longitudinally to the extrusion direction, although a relatively high strength in the longitudinal direction, in the transverse direction, the creep rupture strength is relatively low.
  • the material has a high cold flow property. That is, the material flows away under pressure over time. Unfortunately, this process can not be stopped so that leaks occur again and again at the sealing points of the hoses in the tubesheets. Otherwise, the same problems apply as with the PFA.
  • Chrome-nickel material "A59” is almost acid-resistant. However, even after a short period of operation, its smooth surface during production changes. The surface becomes rough and thus very susceptible to dirt, which can lead to the blocking of the flue gases. However, since "A59” has a high strength, pipes with a larger diameter can be used, which in turn partially counteracts the contamination. The biggest disadvantage of the "A59", however, is the high price. The costs for a heat exchanger of the same power are about twice as high for the "A59” as for the PFA.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object mentioned above and described in more detail above method and a corresponding device for coating of metallic components and further develop that even relatively long components can be mechanically coated under temporally and economically optimal conditions. In particular, it should be possible to continuously coat the components.
  • a corresponding device for carrying out the method achieves the object according to the invention by a first processing line with a first drive, a first preheater, a device for applying the primer layer and at least one oven for curing and drying and a second processing line with a second drive, a second preheater , an extruder with a crosshead for applying the coating, an induction furnace and a curing oven.
  • tube When the term "tube” is referred to in the following, it is intended to encompass all possible components to be coated whose length exceeds the extent and the cross section by a multiple. Since the coating takes place from the outside, the tubes or other hollow components can also be closed on one side.
  • the first and second processing line are operated separately.
  • the separate embodiment will generally be the preferred one, since on the one hand the length of the processing lines otherwise becomes relatively large and it is possible by the division to perform the coating with adhesive primer and the later actual fluoroplastic coating at different times and at different locations.
  • the standstill of a line does not immediately stop the entire system.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the pipes to be coated are connected before each processing line with suitable pipe connection elements and the treatment process proceeds continuously. In this way, so to speak, it is possible to coat "endless" components, which is particularly expedient from an economic point of view.
  • the components to be treated are to be degreased before being fed into the first processing line and / or sandblasted in order to ensure a secure connection between primer layer and component. If “sandblasting” is mentioned here, this also means the irradiation with corundum, glass bodies or the like.
  • the tube is transported not only axially in the first processing line, but at the same time about its longitudinal axis rotated so that its surface undergoes a sense of a helical movement.
  • the application of the primer layer can be carried out by spraying, wherein the range of spraying in the axial direction can be relatively short, when the rotational speed is adjusted in relation to the feed speed accordingly.
  • the adhesive primer is so to speak "helical" applied to the component to be coated.
  • the preheating of the component in the first processing line is effected by means of hot air.
  • a preheated tube allows better primer-to-tube contact when applying the primer layer, which is essential for even coating.
  • Another teaching of the invention provides that the preheating of the component takes place in the second processing line by means of hot air. Preheating is of particular importance here since the fluoroplastic applied in liquid form in the extruder would otherwise crosslink prematurely on the cold metal surface of the component and, in extreme cases, even lead to dripping of the fluoroplastic after leaving the extruder crosshead. Of course, the preheating can also be done by other suitable measures.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the application of the primer layer and the coating in the extruder are each carried out in a single operation. This is for an economic continuous manufacturing operation of particular interest. Attention must be paid to the application and drying process, so that the layer thickness on the component to be coated is the same everywhere. For example, when the primer is applied to a pipe, no "seams" may occur due to too thick or too thin "coating boundary lines".
  • the curing of the coated component takes place in an oven. In this way, it is ensured that a uniform curing of the fluoroplastic layer is made possible.
  • the organic fluoropolymers PFA (perfluoropropyl vinyl ether) or MFA (perfluoromethyl vinyl ether) are preferably used for the coating.
  • the first drive of the first processing line is provided with a rotary feed device.
  • This rotary feed device can be controlled so that axial and rotational movements can be influenced individually in order to allow optimum adaptation to the width of the application zone of the adhesion prime.
  • a spray nozzle is used to apply the adhesive primer layer, which is formed in an advantageous embodiment of the invention as a broad jet nozzle, which extends substantially parallel to the tube longitudinal axis.
  • An arbitrarily long tube 1 preferably made of steel, lies on a roller conveyor 2 and is advanced in rotation by a special rotary feed 3.
  • An endlessly long tube 1 is formed by fastening a tube to the next one by means of connecting elements in order to achieve a continuous process.
  • the rotation of the tube 1 is in a certain ratio to the feed. This ratio is diameter dependent.
  • a tube preheating 4 is switched to preheat the tube, preferably with a hot air blower 5 to a primer specific temperature.
  • a developed spray device 6 After preheating a developed spray device 6 is installed. In cooperation of the tube preheating 4 and spray device 6, it is possible to apply a uniform primer layer with the predetermined layer thickness on the rotating tube 1 in a single operation.
  • the tube 1 is driven by the rotary feed 3 through a drying oven 7, whose length is sized is that it ensures the predetermined residence time in the drying oven 7 in connection with the feed.
  • This residence time must be strictly adhered to in order to complete the polarization, that is to say the connection of the primer to the steel tube 1.
  • the volatiles must be completely expelled from the primer to prevent subsequent blistering in the PFA coating. It must be ensured that the drying takes place uniformly over the layer thickness. If, for example, the outer layer is dried first, microcracks occur in the layer since the residual moisture from the inner layers can no longer escape and therefore ruptures the already dried outer layer.
  • the drying oven 7 is then followed by a polarizing oven 8, in which the polarization, ie the combination of adhesive primer and steel tube 1 takes place.
  • the drying and polarization temperature in the oven 7 and 8 must be chosen and ensured so that, although the polarization temperature is reached and maintained over the full length of the furnaces, the polymerization temperature through which the subsequent connection between primer and PFA or MFA , but not reached.
  • the primer coating is completed. Behind the furnaces 7, 8 then provided with the adhesive primer tube 1 'can be removed and optionally separated. It goes without saying that the ovens 7 and 8, which are shown individually in the exemplary embodiment shown and preferred so far, can also be realized as a common structural unit.
  • a similar line is installed for the second coating with PFA or MFA.
  • the previously coated with primer tube 1 ' is again placed on a roller conveyor 10 and advanced by means of a belt withdrawal 11 at a constant speed.
  • the individual fluoropolymer layers are not applied successively as usual, but are melted by means of an extruder 14 with a crosshead (not shown) in a single operation.
  • the pipe 1' is preheated by means of a special device 12, whereby it must be ensured that the polymerization temperature is not reached.
  • the melt PFA or MFA is then melted in full thickness in one operation on the tube 1 '.
  • the tube 1 ' is heated by induction heat in an induction furnace 15 far above the polymerization. This ensures the connection of primer PFA (or MFA).
  • the furnace length is directly related to the pipe feed.
  • the now coated tube 1 is cooled and driven over a roller conveyor (not shown) for further use.
  • the individual tubes are plugged together with connectors so that an infinitely long tube 1 'is formed and can be coated without interruption.
  • an acid-resistant tube 1 of any length, which is given both by the applied PFA (or MFA) layer and by the acid-resistant primer.
  • Primer and PFA / MFA can not be infiltrated and detached by corrosion products
  • the pressure-resistant support tube can handle temperatures and pressures of any size, and the diameter of the pipes can be chosen as required by the overall process of the power plant it is possible to bend the tubes coated with the method according to the invention, for example coated U-tubes, such as those used in heat exchangers, can be produced.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Beschichten von metallischen Rohren oder anderen langen Bauteilen begrenzten Querschnitts, insbesondere von Rohren für Wärmetauscher sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for coating metallic pipes or other long components of limited cross-section, in particular of tubes for heat exchangers, and to an apparatus for carrying out this method.

Für die Kraftwerksindustrie werden große Wärmetauscher benötigt, welche in den Rauchgaskanälen eingebaut werden. Das Rauchgas verlässt den Kessel und den nachgeschalteten Luftvorwärmer, kurz LUVO genannt, mit etwa 130 bis 170° C. Diese Temperatur richtet sich nach der Brennstoffart und liegt auf jedem Fall weit über dem Säuretaupunkt des Rauchgases. Würde man die Rauchgase im LUVO unter den Säuretaupunkt abkühlen, würde dieser und die nachgeschalteteten Bauteile durch den Säurefraß zerstört. Aus diesem Grund muss die Rauchgastemperatur an der kältesten Stelle des LUVOs sicher über dem Säuretaupunkt liegen.For the power plant industry large heat exchangers are needed, which are installed in the flue gas ducts. The flue gas leaves the boiler and the downstream air preheater, called LUVO for short, with about 130 to 170 ° C. This temperature depends on the type of fuel and is in any case far above the acid dew point of the flue gas. If you were to cool the flue gases in the LUVO below the acid dew point, this and the downstream components would be destroyed by the acidity. For this reason, the flue gas temperature at the coldest point of the LUVO must be safely above the acid dew point.

In der dem LUVO nachgeschalteten Rauchgasentschwefelungsanlage, kurz REA genannt, werden jedoch je nach Fahrweise der REA nur Rauchgastemperaturen kleiner als 100 und 110° C benötigt. Diese Temperatursenke zwischen LUVO und REA von > 30 K kann zur Steigerung des Kraftwerkswirkungsgrades und damit zur Reduzierung des CO2-Ausstoßes oder aber zur Wiederaufheizung der Rauchgase hinter der REA genutzt werden. Um diese Energie zu nutzen, benötigt man jedoch säurebeständige Wärmetauscher, welche in den Rauchgasstrom geschaltet werden und mittels eines Wärmeträgermediums die Wärme abführen können. Auch aus der Automobilindustrie ist es bekannt, beschichtete Rohre herzustellen, wobei seit dem Jahre 2003 von der Automobilindustrie chromfreie Rohre gefordert werden. In der EP 1 384 523 A1 ist eine Außenbeschichtung von Rohren durch Wirbelsintern beschrieben, wobei Mittelfrequenz-Induktionsspulen zum Einbrennen des Primers zur Vorwärmung der Rohre und zum Aufbringen des Beschichtungsmittels eingesetzt werden. Eine weitere Mittelfrequenz-Induktionsspule dient zur Glättung der nicht komplett aufgeschmolzenen Beschichtung.However, depending on the driving style of the REA, only flue gas temperatures lower than 100 and 110 ° C are required in the flue gas desulphurisation plant downstream of the LUVO, known as REA for short. This temperature sink between LUVO and REA of> 30 K can be used to increase the power plant efficiency and thus to reduce the CO 2 emissions or to reheat the flue gases behind the REA. To use this energy, but you need acid-resistant heat exchangers, which in the Flue gas stream can be switched and can dissipate the heat by means of a heat transfer medium. It is also known from the automotive industry to manufacture coated tubes, whereby since 2003, the automotive industry has demanded chrome-free tubes. In the EP 1 384 523 A1 an external coating of pipes by vortex sintering is described, wherein medium frequency induction coils are used for baking the primer for preheating the tubes and for applying the coating agent. Another medium frequency induction coil is used to smooth the not completely melted coating.

Es ist auch bereits bekannt, die zuvor beschriebenen säurefesten Wärmetauscher entweder aus Fluorkunststoffen wie zum Beispiel "PFA", "MFA" oder "TFM" zu bauen oder aber aus hochwertigem Chrom-Nickel Werkstoff wie zum Beispiel "A59". Zeitweise sind auch emaillierte Rohre zum Einsatz gekommen, welche sich jedoch schlecht bewährt haben und nur unter ganz bestimmten Voraussetzungen eingesetzt werden können.It is also already known to build the acid-resistant heat exchangers described above either from fluoroplastics such as "PFA", "MFA" or "TFM" or from high-quality chromium-nickel material such as "A59". At times, enamelled pipes have also been used, but these have proven to be ineffective and can only be used under very specific conditions.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin so genannte "gelinerte Rohre" einzusetzen. Bei diesem Verfahren wird eine "PFA" Schicht, der so genannte "Liner", ohne festen Verbund auf ein Rohr, insbesondere auf ein Stahlrohr aufgebracht und dient so als Korrosionsschutz, Alle anderen Materialien haben sich nicht bewährt und mussten verworfen werden.Another possibility is to use so-called "gelatinized pipes". In this process, a "PFA" layer, the so-called "liner", applied without a solid composite on a pipe, especially on a steel pipe and thus serves as corrosion protection, All other materials have not been proven and had to be discarded.

Die Vor- und Nachteile der bekannten verwendeten Materialien werden nachfolgend kurz beschrieben:

  • PFA (Perfluorpropylvinylether)
  • PFA ist absolut säurebeständig. Selbst nach vielen Betriebsjahren ist keinerlei Säurefraß nachweisbar. Es gibt jedoch bestimmte Nachteile. Zum einen ist das Material sehr teuer, so dass man bemüht sein muss, die Wandstärke der Schläuche (man spricht hier auch von Rohren) so gering wie möglich zu halten. Hinzu kommt die schlechte Wärmeleitfähigkeit, welche ebenfalls zu geringen Wandstärken zwingt. Demgegenüber steht die im Vergleich zu Stahl sehr geringe Festigkeit, welche bei höheren Temperaturen noch stark nachlässt und damit entweder zu starken Wandstärken oder zu geringen Schlauchdurchmessern führt. Hohe Wandstärken führen gemeinsam mit den schlechten Leitfähigkeiten zu hohen Kosten und geringe Durchmesser der Schläuche auch zu engen Gassen für den Rauchgasdurchlass, was wiederum zu Verschmutzungen der Wärmetauscher führen kann. In den Turbulenzbereichen des Rauchgases können die Schläuche aneinander schlagen, wodurch mechanische Schäden auftreten können.
The advantages and disadvantages of the known materials used are briefly described below:
  • PFA (Perfluoropropyl vinyl ether)
  • PFA is absolutely acid resistant. Even after many years of operation no acidity is detectable. However, there are certain disadvantages. On the one hand, the material is very expensive, so that one must endeavor, the wall thickness of To keep hoses (one speaks of pipes) as low as possible. In addition, there is the poor thermal conductivity, which also forces to low wall thicknesses. On the other hand, in comparison with steel, there is very little strength, which at high temperatures still decreases considerably, and thus either excessive wall thicknesses or leads to small hose diameters. High wall thicknesses, together with the poor conductivities at high costs and small diameters of the hoses, also lead to narrow passages for the flue gas passage, which in turn can lead to contamination of the heat exchangers. In the turbulence zones of the flue gas, the hoses can bang against each other causing mechanical damage.

Modifiziertes PTFE (Polytetrafluorethylen)Modified PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)

Modifizierte PTFE-Werkstoffe, welche im Bereich der Säurefestigkeit ähnliche Eigenschaften wie PFA aufweisen haben jedoch im Gegensatz zu PFA keinen Schmelzpunkt. Aus diesem Grund können sie auch nicht schmelzextrudiert verarbeitet werden sondern lediglich pastenextrudiert. Das heißt, das Material wird nicht verschmolzen (wie bei PFA) sonder lediglich in pastöser Form zusammengepresst, welches einer Sinterung gleichkommt. Da sich die Moleküle zudem nur längs zur Extrusionsrichtung ausrichten, entsteht zwar eine relativ hohe Festigkeit in Längsrichtung, in Querrichtung ist die Dauerstandfestigkeit jedoch verhältnismäßig gering. Zudem weist das Material eine hohe Kaltflusseigenschaft auf. Das heißt, das Material fließt im Laufe der Zeit unter Druck weg. Dieser Prozess ist leider nicht zu stoppen, so dass an den Eindichtungsstellen der Schläuche in den Rohrböden immer wieder Leckagen auftreten. Ansonsten gelten die gleichen Probleme wie auch beim PFA.However, modified PTFE materials that have properties similar to PFA in the area of acid resistance do not have a melting point in contrast to PFA. For this reason, they can not be melt-extruded processed but only paste-extruded. That is, the material is not fused (as in PFA) but pressed together only in pasty form, which amounts to a sintering. In addition, since the molecules align only longitudinally to the extrusion direction, although a relatively high strength in the longitudinal direction, in the transverse direction, the creep rupture strength is relatively low. In addition, the material has a high cold flow property. That is, the material flows away under pressure over time. Unfortunately, this process can not be stopped so that leaks occur again and again at the sealing points of the hoses in the tubesheets. Otherwise, the same problems apply as with the PFA.

Chrom-Nickel WerkstoffChrome-nickel material

Chrom-Nickel Werkstoff "A59" ist nahezu säurebeständig. Bereits nach geringer Betriebszeit ändert sich jedoch seine bei der Fertigung glatte Oberfläche. Die Oberfläche wird rau und damit sehr schmutzanfällig, was zur Blockierung der Rauchgase führen kann. Da "A59" jedoch eine hohe Festigkeit aufweist, können Rohre mit größerem Durchmesser verwendet werden, was der Verschmutzung wiederum teilweise entgegenwirkt. Der größte Nachteil des "A59" ist jedoch der hohe Preis. Die Kosten für einen Wärmetauscher gleicher Leistung liegen beim "A59" etwa doppelt so hoch wie beim PFA.Chrome-nickel material "A59" is almost acid-resistant. However, even after a short period of operation, its smooth surface during production changes. The surface becomes rough and thus very susceptible to dirt, which can lead to the blocking of the flue gases. However, since "A59" has a high strength, pipes with a larger diameter can be used, which in turn partially counteracts the contamination. The biggest disadvantage of the "A59", however, is the high price. The costs for a heat exchanger of the same power are about twice as high for the "A59" as for the PFA.

Emaillierte RohreEnamelled pipes

Emaillierte Rohre haben sich in der Praxis zu einem großen Teil nicht bewährt. Zwischen Stahlrohr und Emailschicht bildet sich Wasserstoff, welcher die Emailschicht aufplatzen lässt und somit zur Zerstörung der Rohre führt. Die Ursache der Wasserstoffbildung ist noch nicht genau geklärt. Entsprechende Untersuchungen werden zurzeit bei den Emailherstellern durchgeführt. Ein Ergebnis liegt jedoch noch nicht vor.Enamelled pipes have not proven in practice to a large extent. Hydrogen forms between the steel tube and the enamel layer, which breaks up the enamel layer and thus leads to the destruction of the tubes. The cause of hydrogen formation is not yet clear. Corresponding investigations are currently being carried out by the email manufacturers. However, a result is not yet available.

Rohre mit LinerPipes with liner

"Gelinerte" Rohre haben den Vorteil, dass sie als Druckkörper ein Stahlrohr verwenden. Hierdurch dient die PFA Schicht lediglich als Korrosionsschutz, und kann somit in geringer Wandstärke auf das Druckrohr aufgezogen werden. Dies führ zu einer starken Kostenreduzierung. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass die Säure wegen des Parzialdruckgefälles durch die "Linerung" hinurchdiffundiert und zwischen Druckrohr und "Liner" zu Korrosionsprodukten führt. Hierdurch platzt der "Liner" auf, was wiederum zur Zerstörung des Rohres durch Säure führt. Zudem ist der "Liner" mechanisch sehr anfällig. Bei Schlägen gegen die Rohre, ob gewollt beim Reinigen oder ungewollt bei anderen Reparaturarbeiten, wird der "Liner" oft unbeabsichtigt und unbemerkt durch kleinste Löcher beschädigt, welches beim anschließenden Betrieb bald zu Korrosionsschäden führt."Gelinerte" tubes have the advantage that they use a steel tube as the pressure body. As a result, the PFA layer serves only as corrosion protection, and thus can be mounted in a small wall thickness on the pressure tube. This leads to a strong cost reduction. However, it is disadvantageous that the acid diffuses through the "liner" because of the differential pressure gradient and leads to corrosion products between the pressure pipe and the "liner". This bursts the "liner", which in turn leads to the destruction of the pipe by acid. In addition, the "liner" is mechanically very vulnerable. In the case of impacts against the pipes, whether intentionally during cleaning or unintentionally during other repair work, the "liner" often becomes inadvertently and unnoticed through the smallest holes damaged, which in the subsequent operation soon leads to corrosion damage.

Die Beschichtung von Maschinenbauteilen mit organischen Fluorpolymeren ist in vielerlei Ausgestaltungen bekannt. Sie erfolgt immer dann, wenn Antihaftbeschichtungen benötigt werden, welche auch unter dem Markennamen Teflon® bekannt geworden sind oder aber wenn es gilt, die Bauteile vor äußeren Einflüssen zu schützen. Entsprechende Auskleidungen bzw. Beschichtungen gibt es beispielsweise in vielen Bereichen des chemischen Anlagenbaus. Allgemein gesagt ist eine Beschichtung dann von Nöten, wenn die Gefahr besteht, dass die metallischen Bauteile durch Korrosion beschädigt und damit die zugehörigen Anlagen hinsichtlich ihrer Standzeit beeinträchtigt sind. So werden beispielsweise Pumpenlaufräder oder Rührwerkskomponenten seit Jahren mit organischen Fluorpolymeren beschichtet.The coating of machine components with organic fluoropolymers is known in many embodiments. It always occurs when non-stick coatings are required, which have become known under the brand name Teflon ® or when it is important to protect the components from external influences. Corresponding linings or coatings are available, for example, in many areas of chemical plant construction. Generally speaking, a coating is necessary when there is a risk that the metallic components will be damaged by corrosion and thus the associated systems are impaired in terms of their service life. For example, pump impellers or agitator components have been coated with organic fluoropolymers for years.

Die bekannte Vorgehensweise zur Beschichtung von größeren Bauteilen geschieht wie folgt:

  • Zunächst wird das Werkstück entfettet und gesandstrahlt und dann eine Haftgrundierung der sogenannte Haftprimer aufgebracht. Auf diesen Haftprimer wird anschließend die Fluorkunststoffschicht aufgebracht. Dazu werden die einzelnen Werkstücke bei vorgegebener Temperatur in einen Ofen gefahren und dort eine bestimmte Zeit belassen, bis sie ihre Beschichtungstemperatur erreicht haben. Dann werden sie aus dem Ofen entfernt und mit Haftprimer beschichtet. Anschließend werden sie erneut eine vorbestimmte Zeit in den Ofen gefahren, um die Haftprimerschicht mit dem metallischen Bauteil zu verbinden (sog. Polarisation). Anschließend werden sie wiederum aus dem Ofen geholt und mit der ersten Fluorkunststoffschicht beschichtet. Dieser Prozess wiederholt sich mehrere Male, da beim herkömmlichen Verfahren in jedem Beschichtungsvorgang nur etwa eine Schichtstärke von 500 µm aufgebracht werden kann und das Werkstück ca. fünf Mal in den Ofen hinein und wieder aus dem Ofen herausgefahren werden muss. Zudem unterliegt das bekannte Verfahren Einschränkungen hinsichtlich der Größe der Werkstücke, da die Werkstücke nicht größer als der Ofen sein dürfen. Der weltweit größte uns bekannte Ofen für diese Zwecke hat eine Länge von etwa 11 m. Dies bedeutet, dass mit dem bekannten Beschichtungsverfahren nur kürzere Bauteile beschichtet werden können.
The known procedure for coating larger components is as follows:
  • First, the workpiece is degreased and sandblasted and then applied a primer so-called adhesive primer. The fluoroplastic layer is then applied to this adhesion primer. For this purpose, the individual workpieces are driven at a predetermined temperature in an oven and left there for a certain time until they have reached their coating temperature. Then they are removed from the oven and coated with adhesive primer. Then they are again driven a predetermined time in the oven to connect the adhesive primer layer with the metallic component (so-called polarization). Then they are taken out of the oven again and with the first one Fluoroplastic layer coated. This process is repeated several times, since the conventional method in each coating process only about a layer thickness of 500 microns can be applied and the workpiece about five times in the oven and out again has to be moved out of the oven. In addition, the known method is subject to restrictions on the size of the workpieces, since the workpieces must not be larger than the oven. The world's largest known oven for this purpose has a length of about 11 m. This means that only shorter components can be coated with the known coating method.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde das eingangs genannte und zuvor näher beschriebene Verfahren sowie eine entsprechende Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von metallischen Bauteilen so auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, dass auch relativ lange Bauteile unter zeitlich und wirtschaftlich optimalen Bedingungen maschinell beschichtet werden können. Insbesondere soll es ermöglicht werden, die Bauteile kontinuierlich zu beschichten.The invention is therefore based on the object mentioned above and described in more detail above method and a corresponding device for coating of metallic components and further develop that even relatively long components can be mechanically coated under temporally and economically optimal conditions. In particular, it should be possible to continuously coat the components.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht zu nächst in einem Verfahren zum Beschichten von metallischen Rohren oder anderen langen Bauteilen begrenzten Querschnitts mit säurebeständigen Korrosionsschutzschichten, welches durch die folgenden Schritte gekennzeichnet ist:

  • Zuführen des zu beschichtenden Rohres in eine erste Bearbeitungslinie, in der das Rohr axial transportiert wird,
  • Vorwärmen des Rohres oder eines Rohrabschnittes,
  • Aufbringen einer Haftgrundschicht,
  • Erwärmen des Rohres zum Erreichen einer Polarisation zwischen Haftgrund und Rohr,
  • Trocknen des Rohres zum vollständigen Austreiben aller löslicher Bestandteile,
  • Zuführen des Rohres in eine zweite Bearbeitungslinie, in der das Rohr axial transportiert wird,
  • Vorwärmen des Rohres,
  • Aufbringen der Beschichtung in einem Extruder mit Querkopf,
  • Aufheizen des Rohres in einem Induktionsofen,
  • Aushärten des beschichteten Rohres und
  • Abkühlen des beschichteten Rohres.
The solution to this problem is next in a process for coating metal pipes or other long components of limited cross-section with acid-resistant corrosion protection layers, which is characterized by the following steps:
  • Feeding the pipe to be coated into a first processing line, in which the pipe is transported axially,
  • Preheating the pipe or a pipe section,
  • Applying a primer layer,
  • Heating the tube to achieve a polarization between the primer and the tube,
  • Drying the tube to completely expel all soluble constituents,
  • Feeding the tube into a second processing line in which the tube is transported axially,
  • Preheating the pipe,
  • Applying the coating in an extruder with a crosshead,
  • Heating the pipe in an induction furnace,
  • Curing the coated tube and
  • Cooling the coated tube.

Eine entsprechende Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens löst die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch eine erste Bearbeitungslinie mit einem ersten Antrieb, einer ersten Vorwärmeinrichtung, einer Einrichtung zur Aufbringung der Haftgrundschicht und wenigstens einem Ofen zum Aushärten und Trocknen sowie einer zweiten Bearbeitungslinie mit einem zweiten Antrieb, einer zweiten Vorwärmeinrichtung, einem Extruder mit Querkopf zum Aufbringen der Beschichtung, einem Induktionsofen und einem Ofen zum Aushärten.A corresponding device for carrying out the method achieves the object according to the invention by a first processing line with a first drive, a first preheater, a device for applying the primer layer and at least one oven for curing and drying and a second processing line with a second drive, a second preheater , an extruder with a crosshead for applying the coating, an induction furnace and a curing oven.

Wenn im Folgenden kurz von 'Rohr' die Rede ist, sollen davon alle möglichen zu beschichtenden Bauteile umfasst sein, deren Länge die Ausdehnung und den Querschnitt um eine Vielfaches übersteigen. Da die Beschichtung von außen erfolgt, können die Rohre oder andere hohle Bauteile auch einseitig verschlossen sein.When the term "tube" is referred to in the following, it is intended to encompass all possible components to be coated whose length exceeds the extent and the cross section by a multiple. Since the coating takes place from the outside, the tubes or other hollow components can also be closed on one side.

Nach einer weiteren Lehre der Erfindung ist es möglich, dass die erste und zweite Bearbeitungslinie getrennt voneinander betrieben werden. Alternativ ist es auch denkbar, sie hintereinander gemeinsam zu betreiben. Die getrennte Ausführung wird jedoch im Allgemeinen die bevorzugte sein, da einerseits die Länge der Bearbeitungslinien sonst relativ groß wird und es durch die Aufteilung möglich ist, die Beschichtung mit Haftprimer und die spätere eigentliche Fluorkunststoffbeschichtung zu verschiedenen Zeiten und an verschiedenen Orten durchzuführen. Insbesondere führt bei getrennten Linien der Stillstand einer Linie nicht sofort zum Stillstand der gesamten Anlage.According to another teaching of the invention, it is possible that the first and second processing line are operated separately. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to operate them together in succession. The separate embodiment, however, will generally be the preferred one, since on the one hand the length of the processing lines otherwise becomes relatively large and it is possible by the division to perform the coating with adhesive primer and the later actual fluoroplastic coating at different times and at different locations. In particular, in the case of separate lines, the standstill of a line does not immediately stop the entire system.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die zu beschichtenden Rohre vor jeder Bearbeitungslinie mit geeigneten Rohrverbindungselementen verbunden werden und der Behandlungsprozess kontinuierlich abläuft. Auf diese Weise ist es also gewissermaßen möglich "endlose" Bauteile zu beschichten, was aus wirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten besonders zweckdienlich ist.A further embodiment of the invention provides that the pipes to be coated are connected before each processing line with suitable pipe connection elements and the treatment process proceeds continuously. In this way, so to speak, it is possible to coat "endless" components, which is particularly expedient from an economic point of view.

Nach weiteren Lehren der Erfindung sollen die zu behandelnden Bauteile vor Zufuhr in die erste Bearbeitungslinie entfettet und/oder gesandstrahlt werden, um eine sichere Verbindung zwischen Haftgrundschicht und Bauteil zu gewährleisten. Wenn hier von "Sandstrahlen" die Rede ist, soll darunter auch die Bestrahlung mit Korund-, Glaskörpern oder dergleichen verstanden werden.According to further teachings of the invention, the components to be treated are to be degreased before being fed into the first processing line and / or sandblasted in order to ensure a secure connection between primer layer and component. If "sandblasting" is mentioned here, this also means the irradiation with corundum, glass bodies or the like.

Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das Rohr in der ersten Bearbeitungslinie nicht nur axial transportiert, sondern gleichzeitig um seine Längsachse gedreht, so dass seine Oberfläche gewissermaßen eine schraubenlinienförmige Bewegung erfährt. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, dass das Aufbringen der Haftgrundschicht durch Aufsprühen erfolgen kann, wobei der Bereich des Aufsprühens in axialer Richtung relativ kurz ausfallen kann, wenn die Drehgeschwindigkeit in Bezug auf die Vorschubgeschwindigkeit entsprechend abgestimmt ist. Der Haftprimer wird also gewissermaßen "wendelförmig" auf das zu beschichtende Bauteil aufgetragen.According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the tube is transported not only axially in the first processing line, but at the same time about its longitudinal axis rotated so that its surface undergoes a sense of a helical movement. In this way, it is possible that the application of the primer layer can be carried out by spraying, wherein the range of spraying in the axial direction can be relatively short, when the rotational speed is adjusted in relation to the feed speed accordingly. The adhesive primer is so to speak "helical" applied to the component to be coated.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, das Vorwärmen des Bauteils in der ersten Bearbeitungslinie mittels Heißluft erfolgt. Ein vorgewärmtes Rohr erlaubt bei der Aufbringung der Haftgrundschicht einen besseren Kontakt zwischen Haftprimer und Rohr, was für eine gleichmäßige Beschichtung unerlässlich ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, the preheating of the component in the first processing line is effected by means of hot air. A preheated tube allows better primer-to-tube contact when applying the primer layer, which is essential for even coating.

Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Vorwärmen des Bauteiles auch in der zweiten Bearbeitungslinie mittels Heißluft erfolgt. Hier ist eine Vorwärmung von besonderer Wichtigkeit, da der im Extruder flüssig aufgebrachte Fluorkunststoff sonst an der kalten Metalloberfläche des Bauteiles vorschnell vernetzen würde und es im Extremfall sogar zum Abtropfen des Fluorkunststoffs nach Verlassen des Extruderquerkopfes kommen könnte. Natürlich kann die Vorwärmung auch durch andere geeignete Maßnahmen erfolgen.Another teaching of the invention provides that the preheating of the component takes place in the second processing line by means of hot air. Preheating is of particular importance here since the fluoroplastic applied in liquid form in the extruder would otherwise crosslink prematurely on the cold metal surface of the component and, in extreme cases, even lead to dripping of the fluoroplastic after leaving the extruder crosshead. Of course, the preheating can also be done by other suitable measures.

Eine andere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Aufbringen der Haftgrundschicht und auch die Beschichtung im Extruder jeweils in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang erfolgen. Dies ist für einen wirtschaftlichen kontinuierlichen Fertigungsbetrieb von besonderem Interesse. Dabei muss dem Aufbring- und Trocknungsprozess eine erhöhte Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt werden, damit die Schichtdicke auf dem zu beschichtenden Bauteil überall gleich dick ist. So dürfen beim Aufbringen der Haftgrundierung auf ein Rohr beispielsweise keine "Nähte" durch zu dicke oder zu dünne "Beschichtungsgrenzlinien" auftreten.Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the application of the primer layer and the coating in the extruder are each carried out in a single operation. This is for an economic continuous manufacturing operation of particular interest. Attention must be paid to the application and drying process, so that the layer thickness on the component to be coated is the same everywhere. For example, when the primer is applied to a pipe, no "seams" may occur due to too thick or too thin "coating boundary lines".

Nach einer weiteren Lehre der Erfindung erfolgt das Aushärten des beschichteten Bauteiles in einem Ofen. Auf diese Weise ist gewährleistet, dass eine gleichmäßige Aushärtung der Fluorkunststoffschicht ermöglich wird.According to another teaching of the invention, the curing of the coated component takes place in an oven. In this way, it is ensured that a uniform curing of the fluoroplastic layer is made possible.

Bevorzugt werden als Bauteile Rohre und dort insbesondere Stahlrohre verwendet. Für die Beschichtung werden bevorzugt die organischen Fluorpolymere PFA (Perfluorpropylvinylether)oder MFA (Perfluormethylvinylether) eingesetzt.Preference is given to using tubes as components and there especially steel tubes. The organic fluoropolymers PFA (perfluoropropyl vinyl ether) or MFA (perfluoromethyl vinyl ether) are preferably used for the coating.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist bei einer entsprechenden Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von Rohren der erste Antrieb der ersten Bearbeitungslinie mit einer Drehvorschubeinrichtung versehen. Diese Drehvorschubeinrichtung lässt sich so regeln, dass axiale und rotatorische Bewegungen einzeln beeinflusst werden können, um eine optimale Anpassung an die Breite der Aufbringzone des Haftprimes zu ermöglichen. Bevorzugt wird zum Aufbringen der Haftprimerschicht eine Sprühdüse verwendet, welche in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung als Breitstrahldüse ausgebildet ist, die sich im Wesentlichen parallel zur Rohrlängsachse erstreckt.According to a further embodiment of the invention, in a corresponding device for coating pipes, the first drive of the first processing line is provided with a rotary feed device. This rotary feed device can be controlled so that axial and rotational movements can be influenced individually in order to allow optimum adaptation to the width of the application zone of the adhesion prime. Preferably, a spray nozzle is used to apply the adhesive primer layer, which is formed in an advantageous embodiment of the invention as a broad jet nozzle, which extends substantially parallel to the tube longitudinal axis.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend einer lediglich ein bevorzugtes Einführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen

Fig. 1
schematisch, die Komponenten einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen Bearbeitungslinie und
Fig. 2
schematisch, die Komponenten einer zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Bearbeitungslinie.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing illustrating only a preferred introductory example. In the drawing show
Fig. 1
schematically, the components of a first inventive processing line and
Fig. 2
schematically, the components of a second inventive processing line.

Für die Beschichtung wurde eine Art "On Line" Verfahren entwickelt. Ein beliebig langes Rohr 1, bevorzugt aus Stahl, liegt auf einem Rollengang 2 und wird durch einen speziellen Drehvorschub 3 drehend vorgeschoben. Ein endlos langes Rohr 1 entsteht dabei dadurch, dass mittels Verbindungselementen ein Rohr am nächsten befestigt wird, um einen kontinuierlichen Prozess zu erreichen. Hierbei steht die Umdrehung des Rohres 1 in einem bestimmten Verhältnis zum Vorschub. Dieses Verhältnis ist durchmesserabhängig.For the coating a kind "on line" procedure was developed. An arbitrarily long tube 1, preferably made of steel, lies on a roller conveyor 2 and is advanced in rotation by a special rotary feed 3. An endlessly long tube 1 is formed by fastening a tube to the next one by means of connecting elements in order to achieve a continuous process. Here, the rotation of the tube 1 is in a certain ratio to the feed. This ratio is diameter dependent.

Hinter dem Drehvorschub 3 ist eine Rohrvorwärmung 4 geschaltet, um das Rohr, bevorzugt mit einem Heißluftgebläse 5 auf eine primerspezifische Temperatur vorzuwärmen.Behind the rotary feed 3, a tube preheating 4 is switched to preheat the tube, preferably with a hot air blower 5 to a primer specific temperature.

Nach der Vorwärmung ist eine entwickelte Spritzvorrichtung 6 installiert. Im Zusammenwirken der Rohrvorwärmung 4 und Spritzvorrichtung 6 ist es möglich, eine gleichmäßige Primerschicht mit der vorgegebenen Schichtdicke auf das sich drehende Rohr 1 in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang aufzutragen.After preheating a developed spray device 6 is installed. In cooperation of the tube preheating 4 and spray device 6, it is possible to apply a uniform primer layer with the predetermined layer thickness on the rotating tube 1 in a single operation.

Anschließend wird das Rohr 1 durch den Drehvorschub 3 durch einen Trocknungsofen 7 gefahren, dessen Länge so bemessen ist, dass er in Verbindung mit dem Vorschub die vorgegebene Verweilzeit im Trockenofen 7 gewährleistet. Diese Verweilzeit ist unbedingt einzuhalten, um die Polarisation, das heißt die Verbindung des Primers mit dem Stahlrohr 1, abschließen zu lassen. Außerdem müssen in dieser Zeit die flüchtigen Bestandteile vollständig aus dem Primer ausgetrieben werden, um eine spätere Blasenbildung bei der PFA-Beschichtung zu verhindern. Es muss sichergestellt werden, dass die Trocknung über die Schichtstärke gleichmäßig erfolgt. Wird beispielsweise zuerst die äußere Schicht getrocknet, kommt es zu Mikrorissen in der Schicht, da die Restfeuchte aus den inneren Schichten nicht mehr entweichen kann und deshalb die bereits getrocknete äußere Schicht aufreißt.Subsequently, the tube 1 is driven by the rotary feed 3 through a drying oven 7, whose length is sized is that it ensures the predetermined residence time in the drying oven 7 in connection with the feed. This residence time must be strictly adhered to in order to complete the polarization, that is to say the connection of the primer to the steel tube 1. In addition, during this time, the volatiles must be completely expelled from the primer to prevent subsequent blistering in the PFA coating. It must be ensured that the drying takes place uniformly over the layer thickness. If, for example, the outer layer is dried first, microcracks occur in the layer since the residual moisture from the inner layers can no longer escape and therefore ruptures the already dried outer layer.

Dem Trocknungsofen 7 schließt sich dann ein Polarisationsofen 8 an, in dem die Polarisation, also die Verbindung von Haftprimer und Stahlrohr 1 erfolgt. Die Trocknungs- und Polarisationstemperatur in dem Ofen 7 und 8 muss dabei so gewählt und sichergestellt werden, dass zwar die Polarisationstemperatur über die volle Länge der Öfen erreicht und beibehalten wird, die Polymerisationstemperatur, durch die die spätere Verbindung zwischen Primer und PFA bzw. MFA erfolgt, jedoch nicht erreicht wird. Nach Durchfahren des Trocknungs- und Polarisationsofens 7 und 8 ist die Primerbeschichtung abgeschlossen. Hinter den Öfen 7, 8 kann dann das mit dem Haftprimer versehene Rohr 1' entnommen und ggf. vereinzelt werden. Es versteht sich, dass die im dargestellten und insoweit bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel einzeln dargestellten Öfen 7 und 8 auch als gemeinsame Baueinheit realisiert werden könne.The drying oven 7 is then followed by a polarizing oven 8, in which the polarization, ie the combination of adhesive primer and steel tube 1 takes place. The drying and polarization temperature in the oven 7 and 8 must be chosen and ensured so that, although the polarization temperature is reached and maintained over the full length of the furnaces, the polymerization temperature through which the subsequent connection between primer and PFA or MFA , but not reached. After passing through the drying and polarizing furnace 7 and 8, the primer coating is completed. Behind the furnaces 7, 8 then provided with the adhesive primer tube 1 'can be removed and optionally separated. It goes without saying that the ovens 7 and 8, which are shown individually in the exemplary embodiment shown and preferred so far, can also be realized as a common structural unit.

Neben der Beschichtungslinie für den Primer ist eine ähnliche Linie für die zweite Beschichtung mit PFA oder MFA installiert. Bei dieser Linie wird das zuvor mit Primer beschichtete Rohr 1' wiederum auf einen Rollengang 10 gelegt und mittels eines Bandabzuges 11 mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit vorgeschoben. Erfindungsgemäß werden die einzelnen Fluorpolymer-Schichten nicht wie üblich nacheinander aufgetragen, sondern mit Hilfe eines Extruders 14 mit Querkopf (nicht dargestellt) in einem einzigen Vorgang aufgeschmolzen. Um das kalte Rohr 1' nicht in den mehrere Grad heißen Querkopf zu fahren, wird das Rohr 1' mittels einer speziellen Einrichtung 12 vorgewärmt, wobei genau darauf zu achten ist, dass die Polymerisationstemperatur nicht erreicht wird.In addition to the coating line for the primer, a similar line is installed for the second coating with PFA or MFA. In this line, the previously coated with primer tube 1 'is again placed on a roller conveyor 10 and advanced by means of a belt withdrawal 11 at a constant speed. According to the invention, the individual fluoropolymer layers are not applied successively as usual, but are melted by means of an extruder 14 with a crosshead (not shown) in a single operation. In order not to drive the cold pipe 1 'into the multi-degree crosshead, the pipe 1' is preheated by means of a special device 12, whereby it must be ensured that the polymerization temperature is not reached.

Mit Hilfe des Extruders 14 wird dann das in Schmelze befindliche PFA oder MFA in voller Schichtstärke in einem Arbeitsgang auf das Rohr 1' aufgeschmolzen. Erst nach Aufbringen der Schmelze wird das Rohr 1' mittels Induktionswärme in einem Induktionsofen 15 weit über den Polymerisationspunkt aufgewärmt. Hierdurch wird die Verbindung Primer-PFA (bzw. MFA) gewährleistet. In einem nachgeschalteten Ofen 16 wird diese Temperatur so lange gehalten, bis die Polymerisation abgeschlossen ist. Auch hier steht wie bei der Primerbeschichtung die Ofenlänge im direkten Zusammenhang zum Rohrvorschub. Nach Verlassen des Ofens 16 wird das nun fertig beschichtete Rohr 1" gekühlt und über einen Rollengang (nicht dargestellt) zur weiteren Verwendung gefahren. Wie bei der Primerlinie werden auch hier die einzelnen Rohre mit Verbindern zusammengesteckt, so dass ein unendlich langes Rohr 1' entsteht und ohne Unterbrechung beschichtet werden kann.With the help of the extruder 14, the melt PFA or MFA is then melted in full thickness in one operation on the tube 1 '. Only after application of the melt, the tube 1 'is heated by induction heat in an induction furnace 15 far above the polymerization. This ensures the connection of primer PFA (or MFA). In a downstream oven 16, this temperature is maintained until the polymerization is complete. Again, as with the primer coating, the furnace length is directly related to the pipe feed. After leaving the furnace 16, the now coated tube 1 "is cooled and driven over a roller conveyor (not shown) for further use. As in the case of the primer line, the individual tubes are plugged together with connectors so that an infinitely long tube 1 'is formed and can be coated without interruption.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße dieses Beschichtungsverfahrens ist es gelungen, ein säurefestes Rohr 1" beliebiger Länge herzustellen. Die Säurefestigkeit ist sowohl durch die aufgebrachte PFA-(bzw. MFA-)Schicht gegeben als auch durch den säurefesten Primer. Durch die feste unlösbare Verbindung zwischen Rohr, Primer und PFA/MFA können die Schichten nicht durch Korrosionsprodukte unterwandert und abgelöst werden. Durch das druckfeste Trägerrohr werden Temperaturen und Drücke beliebiger Größe beherrscht. Auch die Durchmesser der Rohre können so gewählt werden wie es das Gesamtverfahren des jeweiligen Kraftwerks erfordern. Schließlich ist es auch möglich die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren beschichteten Rohre zu biegen. So lassen sich beispielsweise beschichtete U-Rohre herstellen, wie sie in Wärmetauschern Verwendung finden.By means of the coating method according to the invention, it has been possible to produce an acid-resistant tube 1 "of any length, which is given both by the applied PFA (or MFA) layer and by the acid-resistant primer. Primer and PFA / MFA can not be infiltrated and detached by corrosion products, the pressure-resistant support tube can handle temperatures and pressures of any size, and the diameter of the pipes can be chosen as required by the overall process of the power plant it is possible to bend the tubes coated with the method according to the invention, for example coated U-tubes, such as those used in heat exchangers, can be produced.

Claims (22)

  1. Method for coating metallic tubes or other long components with a limited cross-section, in particular tubes for heat exchangers, having an acid-resistant corrosion protection layer, characterised by the following steps:
    - feeding the tube to be coated to a first processing line, in which the tube is transported axially,
    - pre-heating the tube or a tube section,
    - applying a primer layer,
    - heating the tube in order to obtain a polarisation between the primer and the tube,
    - drying the tube in order to completely expel all soluble constituents,
    - feeding the tube to a second processing line, in which the tube is transported axially,
    - pre-heating the tube,
    - applying the coating in an extruder having a crosshead,
    - heating up the tube in an induction furnace,
    - hardening the coated tube and
    - cooling the coated tube.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the first and second processing lines are operated separately from one another.
  3. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the first and second processing lines are operated together.
  4. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the tubes to be coated are connected to appropriate tube connection elements before each processing line and the treatment process runs continuously.
  5. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the tubes to be coated are degreased before the first processing line.
  6. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the tubes to be coated are sandblasted before the first processing line.
  7. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the tube is transported axially and in a rotational manner in the first processing line.
  8. Method according to Claim 7, characterised in that the primer layer is sprayed on.
  9. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the tube is pre-heated in the first processing line by means of hot air.
  10. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the tube is pre-heated in the second processing line by means of hot air.
  11. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the primer layer and/or the coating is/are applied in the extruder in a single operation.
  12. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the coated tube is hardened in a furnace.
  13. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the tubes used are steel tubes.
  14. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that organic fluoropolymers PFA (perfluoropropylvinylether) or MFA (perfluoromethylvinylether) are used for the coating.
  15. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterised by a first processing line having a first drive (3), a first pre-heating device (4), a device (6) for applying the primer layer and at least one furnace (7, 8) for hardening and drying, as well as a second processing line having a second drive (11), a second pre-heating device (12), an extruder (14) having a crosshead for applying the coating, an induction furnace (15) and a furnace (16) for the hardening.
  16. Apparatus according to Claim 15, characterised in that the first drive (3) is a rotary feed device.
  17. Apparatus according to Claim 15 or 16, characterised in that the first pre-heating device (4) has a hot-air blower (5).
  18. Apparatus according to Claim 15 or 16, characterised in that the second pre-heating device (12) has a hot-air blower (13).
  19. Apparatus according to Claim 15 or 18, characterised in that a spray nozzle is used as the device (6) for applying the primer layer.
  20. Apparatus according to Claim 19, characterised in that the spray nozzle is designed as a wide jet nozzle.
  21. Apparatus according to any one of Claims 15 to 20, characterised in that a device (9) for degreasing and/or sand-blasting is connected upstream from the first processing line.
  22. Apparatus according to any one of Claims 15 to 21, characterised in that both processing lines are interconnected to form one overall line.
EP10157996A 2009-04-02 2010-03-26 Method and device for coating metallic tubes or other long components with limited cross-section Not-in-force EP2236217B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10157996T PL2236217T3 (en) 2009-04-02 2010-03-26 Method and device for coating metallic tubes or other long components with limited cross-section

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102009015533A DE102009015533B9 (en) 2009-04-02 2009-04-02 Method and apparatus for coating metallic pipes or other long components of limited cross section

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EP2236217A1 EP2236217A1 (en) 2010-10-06
EP2236217B1 true EP2236217B1 (en) 2012-06-27

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US (1) US20100255202A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2236217B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101261020B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101947507A (en)
CA (1) CA2696550C (en)
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US10016642B2 (en) * 2010-10-01 2018-07-10 Airbus Operations Gmbh Injector device for an aircraft fire-fighting system
KR101160509B1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2012-06-28 주식회사 우진아이엔에스 Coating method of inner surface fluorocarbon resin of pipe for semiconductor manufacturing equipment
CN103212506A (en) * 2013-03-26 2013-07-24 安徽省皖美装饰玻璃有限公司 Automatic paint spraying machine for glass
CN105508665A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-04-20 芜湖恒耀汽车零部件有限公司 Regulating valve for manually regulating opening of exhaust pipe
CN108297549B (en) * 2018-01-29 2020-01-17 福建远创喷码系统科技有限公司 Steel pipe mark spraying method and equipment
DE102018109927A1 (en) * 2018-04-25 2019-10-31 Säkaphen Gmbh Sea chest cooler and seacock radiator pipe coating method
KR102006602B1 (en) * 2018-05-25 2019-08-05 주식회사 아이파이프 Pipe coated with eco-friendly coating layer having an antibacterial function, method and apparatus for coating the pipe with eco-friendly coating layer
KR102283251B1 (en) 2019-09-04 2021-07-28 신윤호 Method of manufacturing pipe for heat exchanger
KR102208185B1 (en) * 2020-08-12 2021-01-27 주식회사 현대알비 Pipe varnish coating system

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KR100792947B1 (en) * 2006-09-19 2008-01-08 엘에스전선 주식회사 Method and apparatus for flux coating of tubular heat exchanger
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US20100255202A1 (en) 2010-10-07
CN101947507A (en) 2011-01-19
PL2236217T3 (en) 2012-11-30
KR20100110263A (en) 2010-10-12
EP2236217A1 (en) 2010-10-06
DE102009015533B3 (en) 2010-06-17
CA2696550C (en) 2014-09-16
CA2696550A1 (en) 2010-10-02
DE102009015533B9 (en) 2011-01-13
KR101261020B1 (en) 2013-05-06

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