EP2232045B1 - Injecteur de combustible - Google Patents

Injecteur de combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2232045B1
EP2232045B1 EP08870377A EP08870377A EP2232045B1 EP 2232045 B1 EP2232045 B1 EP 2232045B1 EP 08870377 A EP08870377 A EP 08870377A EP 08870377 A EP08870377 A EP 08870377A EP 2232045 B1 EP2232045 B1 EP 2232045B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
fuel injection
spring element
actuator
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08870377A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2232045A1 (fr
Inventor
Cetin Irmak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2232045A1 publication Critical patent/EP2232045A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2232045B1 publication Critical patent/EP2232045B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/004—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve with a piezoelectric actuator. Specifically, the invention relates to the field of injectors for fuel injection systems of air compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines.
  • an injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines in particular direct injection diesel engines known.
  • a arranged in an injector piezoelectric actuator is provided, which is held on first spring means on the one hand with the injector body and on the other hand with a sleeve-like booster piston in abutment.
  • a nozzle body connected to the injector body and having a nozzle discharge opening is provided, in which a graduated nozzle needle is guided in an axially displaceable manner.
  • second spring means are arranged within the booster piston, which hold the nozzle needle in the closed position together with the injection pressure acting on the back of the nozzle needle.
  • a control chamber formed at a nozzle needle-side end of the booster piston communicates with a fuel supply under injection pressure one
  • Leak gap in connection wherein the nozzle needle is acted upon by the fuel located in the control chamber in the opening direction.
  • a control of the nozzle needle can be achieved by the piezoelectric actuator.
  • the from the DE 103 26 259 A1 known injector has the disadvantage that gaseous components, in particular air, which may be provided in the region of the booster piston, for example when starting the internal combustion engine, affect the performance for at least a certain start time. This can lead to problems when starting the internal combustion engine, especially after longer periods.
  • a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-A-102005059437 known.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that a reliable operation is possible even in a start-up phase or after longer periods. Specifically, the reliability of the fuel injection valve and thus an internal combustion engine having such a fuel injection valve can be improved.
  • valve sleeve has a support cap and that the actuator within the valve sleeve is arranged and supported from the inside to the support cap.
  • valve piece is provided, which rests against the second side of the throttle plate, and that the valve piece is partially surrounded circumferentially of the valve sleeve. It is also advantageous that between the valve piece and the valve sleeve, an annular second control chamber is formed, in which the extended through the valve piece outlet throttle opens.
  • the second spring element is arranged together with the piezoelectric actuator within the valve sleeve, wherein the second spring element is supported on the one hand on the valve piece and on the other hand rests at least indirectly on the actuator. Temperature and thus length changes of components of the fuel injection valve can be compensated by the first spring element and the second spring element. Further, it is advantageous that the second spring element is configured relatively hard, while the first spring element is configured relatively soft, that is, that a Spring constant of the first spring element smaller, in particular significantly smaller, is as a spring constant of the second spring element.
  • the spring elements are preferably designed as a tube springs, whereby in particular an axially symmetric deflection and an axially symmetrical application of force of the spring elements is achieved.
  • the valve sleeve is preferably provided with one or more holes which form openings to connect the interior of the valve sleeve with the actuator chamber, so that the exchange of a medium, in particular an escape of gaseous components, especially air, is possible.
  • Fig. 1 shows a fuel injection valve 1 with a piezoelectric actuator 2 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 can serve in particular as an injector for fuel injection systems of air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines.
  • a preferred use of the fuel injection valve 1 is for a fuel injection system with a common rail, the diesel fuel under high pressure leads to a plurality of fuel injection valves 1.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention is also suitable for other applications.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has a valve housing 3.
  • a high-pressure bore 4 is configured, can be guided via the high-pressure fuel in a fuel chamber 5 in the interior of the valve housing 3.
  • a section 6 of the high-pressure bore 4 leads through a throttle plate 7, which is connected in a suitable manner to the valve housing 3.
  • From the high-pressure bore 4 branches off an inlet throttle 8, which is configured in the throttle plate 7.
  • the inlet throttle 8 carries fuel into a control chamber 9 which is delimited by a first side 10 of the throttle plate 7, a control chamber sleeve 12 and an end face 13 of a valve needle 14. In the initial state is thus in the control chamber 9 under high pressure fuel, so that the valve needle 14 is pressed in the direction of a valve seat body 15.
  • a valve seat surface 16 is formed, which cooperates with the valve needle 14 to form a sealing seat.
  • an actuator chamber 20 is also formed.
  • the actuator chamber 20 is located on one of the first side 10 facing away from the second side 11 of the Throttle plate 7.
  • a valve sleeve 21 and a valve member 22 are arranged, wherein the valve member 22 is located directly on the second side 11 of the throttle plate 7.
  • a bore portion 23 is formed, which extends an outlet throttle 24 formed in the throttle plate 7.
  • the outlet throttle 24 thereby connects the control chamber 9 with an annular second control chamber 25, which is formed between the valve member 22 and the valve sleeve 21.
  • an annular groove is formed on a cylinder jacket-shaped outer side 26 of the valve piece 22 for the design of the second control chamber 25.
  • the valve piece 22 has a shoulder 27, which forms a valve seat with respect to the valve sleeve 21, so that in the in the Fig. 1 illustrated initial position of the second control chamber 25 is separated from the rest of the actuator chamber 20.
  • the actuator chamber 20 is connected via a return bore 28 to a tank of the fuel injection system, so that there is a relatively low pressure at the return bore 28.
  • the fuel provided in the actuator chamber 20 is under low pressure.
  • the second control chamber 25 is in the starting position under high pressure.
  • the valve sleeve 21 has an inner space 30, which is bounded on the one hand by the valve piece 22 and on the other hand by a support cap 31 of the valve sleeve 21 and circumferentially by a wall 32 of the valve sleeve 21.
  • bores 33, 34 are provided, so that a connection between the interior 30 of the valve sleeve 21 and the actuator chamber 20 is made.
  • the bore 34 forms an opening 35 in the valve piece 22, via which a balance between the inner space 30 of the valve sleeve 21 and the Actuator 20 exists.
  • a first spring element 40 is also arranged, which is designed as a tube spring.
  • the first spring element 40 is supported on the one hand on the valve housing 3 and on the other hand on the support cap 31 of the valve sleeve 21.
  • the first spring element 40 has a certain prestress, so that the valve sleeve 21 is pressed against the shoulder 27 of the valve piece 22, so that the valve seat formed between the valve piece 22 and the valve sleeve 21 is closed.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 2 and a second spring element 41 are arranged in the inner space 30 of the valve sleeve 21, the piezoelectric actuator 2 and a second spring element 41 are arranged.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 2 is supported on the support cap 31 of the valve sleeve 21, while the second spring element 41 is supported on the one hand on the valve member 22 and on the other hand rests against the piezoelectric actuator 2.
  • the second spring element 41 has a certain bias, so that the piezoelectric actuator 2 is biased.
  • the spring elements 40, 41 are preferably configured differently.
  • the first spring element 40 is soft, while the second spring element 41 is designed hard. That is, the first spring element 40 preferably has a smaller spring constant than the second spring element 41. Specifically, there is a relatively large difference in the spring constant of the spring elements 40, 41. This has the advantage that upon actuation of the piezoelectric actuator 2 of the Actuator 2 generated stroke at least substantially for shortening, that is, deflection, the first spring element 40 leads, while the second spring element 41 is not shortened as possible.
  • the stroke of the piezoelectric actuator 2 is at least substantially used for opening the valve seat formed between the valve sleeve 21 and the shoulder 27 of the valve piece 22 in order to partially or completely release the second control chamber 25.
  • the first spring element 40 in the de-energized and thus unactuated state of the piezoelectric actuator 2 a higher spring force than the second spring element 41st
  • the second spring element 41 is shortened until the biasing force of the first spring element 40 is reached. Then, the first spring element 40 is compressed and thus shortened, so that the valve sleeve 21 is lifted from the valve seat formed on the shoulder 27. If then the spring force of the first spring element 40 is again greater than the spring force of the second spring element 41, the second spring element 41 is again compressed until it again exceeds the spring force of the first spring element 40. So the first spring element 40 is gradually compressed. Thus, therefore, the valve sleeve 21 is gradually raised.
  • the second storage space 25 is opened to the actuator chamber 20, so that the outlet throttle 24 is released and the pressure of the fuel in the control chamber 9 decreases. The force effectively acting on the valve needle 14 is then executed to the control chamber 9, so that the valve needle 14 is lifted from its valve seat on the valve seat surface 16 and fuel is sprayed from the fuel chamber 5 through the open sealing seat and the nozzle opening 42.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has an axis 45.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 2 with respect to the axis 45 of the fuel injection valve 1 can be centered.
  • the spring elements 40, 41 can be aligned with respect to the axis 45, wherein a symmetrical force development of the spring elements 40, 41 is achieved by the design of the spring elements 40, 41 as a tube springs. This results in a compact design and high reliability of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • gaseous components, in particular air which are present in particular in a start phase of the fuel injection valve in the valve housing 3, can be removed in an advantageous manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Soupape d'injection de carburant (1), en particulier injecteur pour installations d'injection de carburant de moteurs à combustion interne à compression d'air et auto-allumage, comprenant un actionneur piézoélectrique (2) et une aiguille de soupape (14) pouvant être actionnée de manière indirecte par l'actionneur (2),
    une plaque d'étranglement (7) étant pourvue d'au moins un papillon de sortie (24), un espace de commande (9) étant prévu, lequel est limité par une surface frontale (13) de l'aiguille de soupape (14) et un premier côté (10) de la plaque d'étranglement (7), le papillon de sortie (24) étant associé à l'espace de commande (9), caractérisée en ce que
    pour la commande du papillon de sortie (24) sur un deuxième côté (11) de la plaque d'étranglement (7) opposé au premier côté (10) de la plaque d'étranglement (7) est prévu un manchon de soupape (21) qui peut être actionné par l'actionneur (2) à l'encontre d'une force de ressort d'un premier élément de ressort (40) pour libérer au moins en partie le papillon de sortie (24), et en ce que l'actionneur (2) peut être actionné à l'encontre d'une force de ressort d'un deuxième élément de ressort (41).
  2. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le manchon de soupape (12) présente une coiffe de support (31) et en ce que l'actionneur (2) est disposé à l'intérieur du manchon de soupape (21) et s'appuie sur la coiffe de support (31).
  3. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisée en ce
    qu'un élément de soupape (22) est prévu, lequel s'applique contre le deuxième côté (11) de la plaque d'étranglement (7) et en ce que l'élément de soupape (22) est entouré, au moins en partie sur sa périphérie, par le manchon de soupape (21).
  4. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisée en ce
    qu'entre l'élément de soupape (22) et le manchon de soupape (21) est réalisé un deuxième espace de commande annulaire (25), dans lequel débouche le papillon de sortie (24) prolongé par l'élément de soupape (22).
  5. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le deuxième élément de ressort (41) est disposé à l'intérieur du manchon de soupape (21).
  6. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le deuxième élément de ressort (41) s'appuie d'une part sur l'élément de soupape (22) et s'applique d'autre part au moins indirectement sur l'actionneur (2).
  7. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le premier élément de ressort (40) est configuré sous forme de ressort tubulaire et/ou en ce que le deuxième élément de ressort (41) est configuré sous forme de ressort tubulaire.
  8. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le manchon de soupape (21) est disposé dans un espace d'actionneur (20) et en ce que le manchon de soupape (21) présente au moins une ouverture (35) par le biais de laquelle un espace interne (30) du manchon de soupape (21) est connecté à l'espace d'actionneur (20).
  9. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la force de ressort du premier élément de ressort (40) dans l'état de départ est supérieure à la force de ressort du deuxième élément de ressort (41).
  10. Soupape d'injection de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisée en ce
    qu'une constante de ressort du premier élément de ressort (40) est inférieure à une constante de ressort du deuxième élément de ressort (41).
EP08870377A 2008-01-10 2008-12-03 Injecteur de combustible Not-in-force EP2232045B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810003851 DE102008003851A1 (de) 2008-01-10 2008-01-10 Brennstoffeinspritzventil
PCT/EP2008/066708 WO2009086997A1 (fr) 2008-01-10 2008-12-03 Injecteur de combustible

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2232045A1 EP2232045A1 (fr) 2010-09-29
EP2232045B1 true EP2232045B1 (fr) 2013-02-20

Family

ID=40379811

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08870377A Not-in-force EP2232045B1 (fr) 2008-01-10 2008-12-03 Injecteur de combustible

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2232045B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101910607A (fr)
DE (1) DE102008003851A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009086997A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012083459A1 (fr) * 2010-12-21 2012-06-28 Tpp Energy Solutions Inc. Dispositif pour augmenter le rendement d'un moteur à combustion interne
CN104653374B (zh) * 2015-02-11 2017-04-12 江苏大学 一种分体式喷油器体
DE102016221547A1 (de) * 2016-11-03 2018-05-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil zum Einspritzen eines gasförmigen und/oder flüssigen Brennstoffs

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10326259A1 (de) 2003-06-11 2005-01-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor für Kraftstoff-Einspritzsysteme von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere von direkteinspritzenden Dieselmotoren
ES2277229T3 (es) * 2004-06-30 2007-07-01 C.R.F. Societa Consortile Per Azioni Servovalvula para controlar el inyector de combustible de un motor de combustion interna.
DE102005007543A1 (de) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit direkter Nadelsteuerung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102005059437A1 (de) * 2005-12-13 2007-06-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2232045A1 (fr) 2010-09-29
CN101910607A (zh) 2010-12-08
DE102008003851A1 (de) 2009-07-16
WO2009086997A1 (fr) 2009-07-16

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