EP2227570B1 - Method for producing a shaped component comprising at least two joining areas having different ductility - Google Patents

Method for producing a shaped component comprising at least two joining areas having different ductility Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2227570B1
EP2227570B1 EP08854114.9A EP08854114A EP2227570B1 EP 2227570 B1 EP2227570 B1 EP 2227570B1 EP 08854114 A EP08854114 A EP 08854114A EP 2227570 B1 EP2227570 B1 EP 2227570B1
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Prior art keywords
temperature
blank
furnace
zone
type
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2227570A1 (en
Inventor
Otto Buschsieweke
Stefan Adelbert
Johannes Böke
Markus Pellmann
Jürgen Krogmeier
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F27B9/028—Multi-chamber type furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a molded component having at least two structural regions of different ductility from a metallic circuit board separated from strip material, in which the board is heated differently in regions and then subjected to a thermoforming process for the purpose of forming into the molded component (preamble of claims 1, 2 and 3) ).
  • the DE 102 56 621 B3 describes a method for producing a molded component having at least two structural regions of different ductility and a continuous furnace for this process.
  • a semifinished product made of a hardenable steel passes through a continuous furnace with at least two zones arranged side by side in the direction of passage and with different temperature levels.
  • the semi-finished product is different heated so that set in a subsequent thermoforming process two microstructures of different ductility.
  • a method for producing a molded component with at least two structural areas of different ductility known.
  • a semi-finished product made of a hardenable steel passes through a heating device with a homogeneous temperature distribution and is heated in this completely austenitizing.
  • a portion of the first type of semifinished product is cooled during its further transport so that a transformation of the base material of austenite into ferrite and / or pearlite can take place. Consequently, no or only small amounts of martensite are formed during a subsequent thermoforming process. Consequently, the portion of the first type has a high ductility.
  • the temperature is kept just high enough that in the subsequent thermoforming process sufficient martensite components are formed. Consequently, the partial area of the second type has lower ductility properties compared to the partial area of the first type, but higher strength.
  • WO 2005/009642 A1 shows a method in which a semifinished product from a high-strength boron steel with an Al / Si precoating in a cold forming process, in particular a drawing process, first formed into a component blank, then cut this component blank edge, then the trimmed component blank heated and then press-hardened in a hot-forming tool.
  • This press-hardened component blank is ultimately to be coated in a further coating step with a corrosion-protecting second layer.
  • the pre-coating ie an Al / Si (aluminum-containing) coating, prevents decarburization of the material during curing.
  • the pre-coating should avoid scaling during the hardening process, so that the Requirements for an inert atmosphere during curing can be reduced. In the case of Al / Si coatings, however, as a rule no inert atmosphere is necessary.
  • the invention is - based on the prior art - based on the object to provide a method for producing a molded component having at least two structural areas of different ductility, wherein on a scaling-based problems are avoided.
  • a first solution of the problem underlying the invention consists in the features of claim 1.
  • a material separated board first completely homogeneous heated to such a temperature and held for a certain time at this temperature level that forms a diffusion layer as corrosion relationship scale protection layer, wherein material from the coating diffuses into the base material.
  • the heating temperature is about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C.
  • This homogeneous heating is advantageously carried out in a first zone of a continuous furnace having a plurality of temperature zones.
  • a first type of board in a second zone of the furnace is cooled down to a temperature at which austenite decomposes. This is done at about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably about 625 ° C. This lowered temperature level is maintained for a certain time, so that the decomposition of austenite also proceeds properly.
  • the temperature is kept just high enough in at least one area of the second type that sufficient martensite portions can still be formed in the subsequent hot forming in a corresponding press.
  • This temperature is 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 900 ° C.
  • the regions of the first and second types of the molded component have different ductility properties, with the region of the second type having a lower ductility compared to the first type, but higher strength properties.
  • the molded components produced in this way can be specifically adapted to specific requirements with regard to specific sections, to which they must comply in their capacity as structural component, for example as part of a vehicle body.
  • a second solution of the problem underlying the invention consists in the features of claim 2.
  • strip material from a high-strength boron steel provided with an Al / Si coating in a pre-furnace is continuously alloyed through in a first working step and then cooled.
  • the temperature is 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C.
  • each severed board is transferred to a two-zone furnace.
  • a region of the second type of the board is austenitized at a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 930 ° C.
  • the area of the first kind is heated to a maximum temperature below the austenitizing temperature. This is about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably about 680 ° C.
  • This type of heat treatment means that the regions of the second type of the molded components, which are ultimately produced from the boards in a thermoforming process, have low ductility properties compared to the regions of the first type, but higher strength properties.
  • a third solution of the problem underlying the invention consists in the features of claim 3.
  • each board in a second step in a Vorofen to a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C, homogeneously heated, held for a certain time at this temperature level and then cooled again.
  • the formation of a diffusion layer takes place as a corrosion or scale protection layer from the Al / Si coating of the strip material.
  • each board is then transferred to a two-zone furnace and returned to a temperature of about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably about 680 ° C, in a first zone of the furnace in a first zone of the furnace. heated.
  • a second type zone in a second zone of the furnace is heated to a temperature of 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C.
  • the board is formed in a thermoforming process in a molding component.
  • the mold member then has lower ductility properties, but higher strength properties, with respect to the second type region compared to the first type region.
  • the local cooling of the area of the first type of board after heating can take place in that the area of the first type is briefly brought into contact with cooling jaws ,
  • this can be done according to claim 6, characterized in that nitrogen is used as the gas.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 1 denotes a shaped component with two structural regions 2, 3 of different ductility.
  • the molded component 1 is the B-pillar of a vehicle body not otherwise shown.
  • the production of the molded component 1 takes place from a high-strength boron steel provided with an Al / Si coating.
  • a strip material 4 made of such a steel is according to FIG. 1 wrapped into a coil 5.
  • the strip material 4 is then withdrawn continuously from this coil 5 and passed through a punch 6.
  • In the punch 6 boards 7 are separated from the strip material 4 and these then fed to a three temperature zones 8, 9, 10 having continuous furnace 11.
  • each board 7 is heated to a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably 920 ° C, completely homogeneous and kept at this temperature level over a certain time t ( FIG. 2 ).
  • an area 12 of the first type of the board 7 in a second zone 9 of the continuous furnace 11 is cooled down to a temperature of about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably about 625 ° C, and over a certain time t 1 at this lowered temperature level held.
  • an area 13 of the second type of the board 7 in a third zone 10 of the continuous furnace 11 is maintained at a temperature level of about 830 ° C. to 950 ° C., preferably about 900 ° C.
  • the heat-treated board 7 is then thermoformed in a press not shown in detail to the mold component 1.
  • the temperature profile over time in the passage of the board 7 through the continuous furnace 11 with respect to the first type area 12 and the second area 13 of the board 7 is shown, the lower curve 14, the heat treatment of the area 12 of the first kind , ie the temperature profile of the "soft" section of a board 7, and the upper curve 15 the heat treatment of the area 13 of the second kind, Consequently, the temperature profile of the "cured" section of a board 7, show.
  • FIG. 2 is a method for producing a molded component 1 with two structural areas 2, 3 illustrated different ductility, in which first strip material 4 is drawn from a provided with an Al / Si coating boron steel from a coil 5 and passed through a pre-furnace 16.
  • the strip material 4 is heated homogeneously to a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C, and maintained at this temperature level for a certain time.
  • the thus heat-treated strip material 4 is wound into a coil 17. From this coil 17, the heat-treated strip material 4 is fed to a punch 18, where 4 blanks 7 are separated from the strip material.
  • the strip material 4 can also be cooled immediately after leaving the pre-furnace 16 and then fed to the punch 18.
  • These boards 7 from the pretreated strip material 4 are then transferred to a two-zone furnace 19 and herein in a first zone 20 of the furnace 19 at a temperature of about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably in a first type zone 12 about 680 ° C, as well as with respect to a region 13 of the second kind at the same time in a second zone 21 of the furnace 19 to a temperature of about 830 ° C brought to 950 ° C.
  • the heat-treated blanks 7 in this manner are finally formed in a hot-forming process (not shown in detail) into shaped components 1 having two different structural regions 2, 3.
  • the lower curve 22 in the temperature-time diagram 23 of FIG. 2 shows in this connection the temperature profile in the area 12 of the first type of the board 7 and the upper curve 24 the temperature profile in the area 13 of the second type of each board 7.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates how strip material 4 made of boron steel provided with an Al / Si coating is drawn off a coil 5 and fed directly to a punch 18.
  • the punch 18 are from the strip material 4th Cut boards 7 and then fed to a pre-furnace 16, where the boards 7 are heated to a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C, homogeneously and kept at a certain time t 2 at this temperature level.
  • the thus heat-treated blanks 7 are then transferred to the above-mentioned two-zone furnace 19 and here in the 1st zone 20 with respect to a region 12 of the first kind, as described, to a temperature of about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably about 680 ° C, as well as with respect to a region 13 of the second kind at the same time brought in the second zone 21 of the furnace 19 to a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C.
  • the temperature-time graph 23 corresponds to that of FIG. 2 .
  • the thus heat-treated blanks 7 are finally formed in a thermoforming process to form components 1 with two different structural areas 2, 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formbauteils mit mindestens zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität aus einer von Bandmaterial abgetrennten metallischen Platine, bei welchem die Platine bereichsweise unterschiedlich erwärmt und dann einem Warmformprozess zwecks Umformen in den Formbauteil unterworfen wird (Oberbegriff der Ansprüche 1, 2 und 3).The invention relates to a method for producing a molded component having at least two structural regions of different ductility from a metallic circuit board separated from strip material, in which the board is heated differently in regions and then subjected to a thermoforming process for the purpose of forming into the molded component (preamble of claims 1, 2 and 3) ).

Die DE 102 56 621 B3 beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formbauteils mit mindestens zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität und einen Durchlaufofen für dieses Verfahren. Gemäß diesem Vorschlag durchläuft ein Halbzeug aus einem härtbaren Stahl einen Durchlaufofen mit mindestens zwei nebeneinander in Durchlaufrichtung angeordneten Zonen mit unterschiedlichen Temperaturniveaus. Das Halbzeug wird dabei unterschiedlich hoch erwärmt, so dass sich bei einem anschließenden Warmformprozess zwei Gefügebereiche unterschiedlicher Duktilität einstellen.The DE 102 56 621 B3 describes a method for producing a molded component having at least two structural regions of different ductility and a continuous furnace for this process. According to this proposal, a semifinished product made of a hardenable steel passes through a continuous furnace with at least two zones arranged side by side in the direction of passage and with different temperature levels. The semi-finished product is different heated so that set in a subsequent thermoforming process two microstructures of different ductility.

Auch aus der DE 102 08 216 C1 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formbauteils mit mindestens zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität bekannt. Hierbei durchläuft ein Halbzeug aus einem härtbaren Stahl eine Erwärmungseinrichtung mit homogener Temperaturverteilung und wird in dieser komplett auf Austenitisierungstemperatur erwärmt. Anschließend wird ein Teilbereich erster Art des Halbzeugs während seines Weitertransports derart abgekühlt, dass eine Umwandlung des Grundwerkstoffs von Austenit in Ferrit und/oder Perlit erfolgen kann. Mithin entstehen bei einem anschließenden Warmformprozess keine oder nur geringe Martensitanteile. Folglich weist der Teilbereich erster Art eine hohe Duktilität auf. Gleichzeitig wird während des Transports in dem anderen Teilbereich zweiter Art des Halbzeugs die Temperatur gerade so hoch gehalten, dass bei dem anschließenden Warmformprozess noch ausreichend Martensitanteile entstehen. Demzufolge weist der Teilbereich zweiter Art im Vergleich zu dem Teilbereich erster Art geringere Duktilitätseigenschafte, aber dafür eine höhere Festigkeit auf.Also from the DE 102 08 216 C1 is a method for producing a molded component with at least two structural areas of different ductility known. Here, a semi-finished product made of a hardenable steel passes through a heating device with a homogeneous temperature distribution and is heated in this completely austenitizing. Subsequently, a portion of the first type of semifinished product is cooled during its further transport so that a transformation of the base material of austenite into ferrite and / or pearlite can take place. Consequently, no or only small amounts of martensite are formed during a subsequent thermoforming process. Consequently, the portion of the first type has a high ductility. At the same time during transport in the other part of the second type of semi-finished product, the temperature is kept just high enough that in the subsequent thermoforming process sufficient martensite components are formed. Consequently, the partial area of the second type has lower ductility properties compared to the partial area of the first type, but higher strength.

Obwohl gemäß beiden vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren die Erwärmung in einem Ofen unter Stickstoffatmosphäre durchgeführt wird, kann nicht verhindert werden, dass das jeweilige Halbzeug während seiner Verlagerung vom Ofen zu einer Umformpresse und auch während des Umformprozesses verzundert.Although the heating in a furnace under a nitrogen atmosphere is carried out according to both of the methods described above, it is not possible to prevent the respective semifinished product from scaling during its displacement from the furnace to a forming press and also during the forming process.

Aus der WO 2005/009642 A1 geht ein Verfahren hervor, bei welchem ein Halbzeug aus einem hochfesten Borstahl mit einer Al/Si-Vorbeschichtung in einem Kaltumformverfahren, insbesondere einem Ziehverfahren, zunächst in einen Bauteil-Rohling umgeformt, anschließend dieser Bauteil-Rohling randseitig beschnitten, dann der beschnittene Bauteil-Rohling erwärmt und anschließend in einem Warmumform-Werkzeug pressgehärtet wird. Dieser pressgehärtete Bauteil-Rohling soll letztlich in einem weiteren Beschichtungsschritt mit einer vor Korrosion schützenden zweiten Schicht überzogen werden. Auch heißt es in dieser Druckschrift, dass die Vorbeschichtung, also eine AI/Si- (aluminiumhaltige) Beschichtung, eine Entkohlung des Werkstoffs beim Härten verhindert. Ferner soll die Vorbeschichtung ein Verzundern beim Härteprozess vermeiden, so dass die Anforderungen an eine inerte Atmosphäre beim Härten verringert werden können. Bei Al/Si-Beschichtungen ist aber in der Regel keine inerte Atmosphäre notwendig.From the WO 2005/009642 A1 shows a method in which a semifinished product from a high-strength boron steel with an Al / Si precoating in a cold forming process, in particular a drawing process, first formed into a component blank, then cut this component blank edge, then the trimmed component blank heated and then press-hardened in a hot-forming tool. This press-hardened component blank is ultimately to be coated in a further coating step with a corrosion-protecting second layer. It also states in this document that the pre-coating, ie an Al / Si (aluminum-containing) coating, prevents decarburization of the material during curing. Furthermore, the pre-coating should avoid scaling during the hardening process, so that the Requirements for an inert atmosphere during curing can be reduced. In the case of Al / Si coatings, however, as a rule no inert atmosphere is necessary.

Diese Aussagen geben jedoch keine Hinweise an den zuständigen Fachmann, eine Platine in einem Ofen mit mehreren Temperaturzonen hinsichtlich bestimmter Bereiche der Platine gezielt wärmezubehandeln.However, these statements do not give any indication to the competent person skilled in the art to heat-treat a board in a furnace with a plurality of temperature zones with regard to specific areas of the board.

Der Erfindung liegt - ausgehend vom Stand der Technik - die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formbauteils mit mindestens zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität zu schaffen, bei welchem auf einer Verzunderung basierende Probleme vermieden werden.The invention is - based on the prior art - based on the object to provide a method for producing a molded component having at least two structural areas of different ductility, wherein on a scaling-based problems are avoided.

Eine erste Lösung der der Erfindung zu Grunde liegenden Aufgabe besteht in den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.A first solution of the problem underlying the invention consists in the features of claim 1.

Danach wird in der Anwendung auf einen Formbauteil aus einem mit einer AI/Si-Beschichtung versehenen hochfesten Borstahl eine von Bandmaterial aus einem derartigen Werkstoff abgetrennte Platine zunächst komplett homogen auf eine solche Temperatur erwärmt und über eine bestimmte Zeit auf diesem Temperaturniveau gehalten, dass sich eine Diffusionsschicht als Korrosionsbeziehungsweise Zunderschutzschicht bildet, wobei Material aus der Beschichtung in den Grundwerkstoff eindiffundiert. Die Erwärmungstemperatur beträgt etwa 830 °C bis 950 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 920 °C. Diese homogene Erwärmung wird vorteilhaft in einer 1. Zone eines mehrere Temperaturzonen aufweisenden Durchlaufofens durchgeführt. Im Anschluss an diesen Verfahrensschritt wird ein Bereich erster Art der Platine in einer 2. Zone des Ofens auf eine Temperatur heruntergekühlt, bei der Austenit zerfällt. Dies erfolgt bei etwa 550 °C bis 700 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 625 °C. Dieses abgesenkte Temperaturniveau wird für eine bestimmte Zeit gehalten, so dass der Zerfall von Austenit auch einwandfrei abläuft.Thereafter, in the application to a molded component made of a high-strength boron steel provided with an Al / Si coating, one of strip material Such a material separated board first completely homogeneous heated to such a temperature and held for a certain time at this temperature level that forms a diffusion layer as corrosion relationship scale protection layer, wherein material from the coating diffuses into the base material. The heating temperature is about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C. This homogeneous heating is advantageously carried out in a first zone of a continuous furnace having a plurality of temperature zones. Following this process step, a first type of board in a second zone of the furnace is cooled down to a temperature at which austenite decomposes. This is done at about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably about 625 ° C. This lowered temperature level is maintained for a certain time, so that the decomposition of austenite also proceeds properly.

Gleichzeitig mit dem lokalen Abkühlen des Bereichs erster Art der Platine wird in einer 3. Zone des Ofens in wenigstens einem Bereich zweiter Art die Temperatur gerade so hoch gehalten, dass bei dem sich anschließenden Warmumformen in einer entsprechenden Presse noch ausreichend Martensitanteile entstehen können. Diese Temperatur liegt bei 830 °C bis 950 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 900 °C.Simultaneously with the local cooling of the area of the first type of board, in a third zone of the furnace, the temperature is kept just high enough in at least one area of the second type that sufficient martensite portions can still be formed in the subsequent hot forming in a corresponding press. This temperature is 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 900 ° C.

Auf diese Weise besitzen die Bereiche erster und zweiter Art des Formbauteils unterschiedliche Duktilitätseigenschaften, wobei der Bereich zweiter Art im Vergleich zu dem Bereich erster Art zwar eine geringere Duktilität, jedoch dafür höhere Festigkeitseigenschaften aufweist.In this way, the regions of the first and second types of the molded component have different ductility properties, with the region of the second type having a lower ductility compared to the first type, but higher strength properties.

Die derartig gefertigten Formbauteile können demzufolge bezüglich konkreter Abschnitte gezielt den Anforderungen angepasst werden, denen sie in ihrer Eigenschaft als Strukturbauteil, beispielsweise als Bestandteil einer Fahrzeugkarosserie, gerecht werden müssen.Consequently, the molded components produced in this way can be specifically adapted to specific requirements with regard to specific sections, to which they must comply in their capacity as structural component, for example as part of a vehicle body.

Eine zweite Lösung der der Erfindung zu Grunde liegenden Aufgabe besteht in den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 2.A second solution of the problem underlying the invention consists in the features of claim 2.

Zur Bildung einer Diffusionsschicht als Korrosions- beziehungsweise Zunderschutzschicht wird hierbei in einem ersten Arbeitsschritt Bandmaterial aus einem mit einer Al/Si-Beschichtung versehenen hochfesten Borstahl in einem Vorofen im Durchlauf durchlegiert und dann abgekühlt. Die Temperatur beträgt 830 °C bis 950 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 920 °C.In order to form a diffusion layer as a corrosion or scale protection layer, strip material from a high-strength boron steel provided with an Al / Si coating in a pre-furnace is continuously alloyed through in a first working step and then cooled. The temperature is 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C.

Dann werden in einem weiteren Arbeitsschritt Platinen von diesem durchlegierten Bandmaterial abgetrennt. Anschließend wird jede abgetrennte Platine in einen Zwei-Zonen-Ofen überführt. Hierbei wird ein Bereich zweiter Art der Platine bei einer Temperatur von etwa 830 °C bis 950 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 930 °C, austenitisiert. Der Bereich erster Art wird maximal auf eine Temperatur unter der Austenitisierungstemperatur erwärmt. Diese beträgt etwa 550 °C bis 700 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 680 °C.Then boards are separated from this durchlegierten strip material in a further step. Subsequently, each severed board is transferred to a two-zone furnace. In this case, a region of the second type of the board is austenitized at a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 930 ° C. The area of the first kind is heated to a maximum temperature below the austenitizing temperature. This is about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably about 680 ° C.

Diese Art der Wärmebehandlung führt dazu, dass die Bereiche zweiter Art der letztlich in einem Warmformprozess aus den Platinen gefertigten Formbauteile im Vergleich zu den Bereichen erster Art geringe Duktilitätseigenschaften, dafür aber höhere Festigkeitseigenschaften aufweisen.This type of heat treatment means that the regions of the second type of the molded components, which are ultimately produced from the boards in a thermoforming process, have low ductility properties compared to the regions of the first type, but higher strength properties.

Eine dritte Lösung der der Erfindung zu Grunde liegenden Aufgabe besteht in den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 3.A third solution of the problem underlying the invention consists in the features of claim 3.

Hierbei werden in der Anwendung auf einen Formbauteil aus einem mit einer Al/Si-Beschichtung versehenen hochfesten Borstahl in einem ersten Arbeitsschritt Platinen von Bandmaterial aus einem derartigen Werkstoff abgetrennt. Anschließend wird jede Platine in einem zweiten Arbeitsschritt in einem Vorofen auf eine Temperatur von etwa 830 °C bis 950 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 920 °C, homogen erwärmt, über eine bestimmte Zeit auf diesem Temperaturniveau gehalten und dann wieder abgekühlt. Hierbei erfolgt die Bildung einer Diffusionsschicht als Korrosions- beziehungsweise Zunderschutzschicht aus der Al/Si-Beschichtung des Bandmaterials. In einem dritten Arbeitsschritt wird dann jede Platine in einen Zwei-Zonen-Ofen überführt und hinsichtlich eines Bereichs erster Art in einer 1.Zone des Ofens wieder auf eine Temperatur von etwa 550 °C bis 700 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 680 °C, erwärmt. Gleichzeitig wird ein Bereich zweiter Art in einer 2. Zone des Ofens auf eine Temperatur von 830 °C bis 950 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 920 °C, erwärmt. Letztlich wird die Platine in einem Warmformprozess in ein Formbauteil umgeformt. Das Formbauteil weist dann hinsichtlich des Bereichs zweiter Art im Vergleich zu dem Bereich erster Art geringere Duktilitätseigenschaften, jedoch höhere Festigkeitseigenschaften auf.Here, in the application to a molded component made of a high-strength boron steel provided with an Al / Si coating, in a first step blanks of strip material are separated from such a material. Subsequently, each board in a second step in a Vorofen to a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C, homogeneously heated, held for a certain time at this temperature level and then cooled again. Here, the formation of a diffusion layer takes place as a corrosion or scale protection layer from the Al / Si coating of the strip material. In a third step, each board is then transferred to a two-zone furnace and returned to a temperature of about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably about 680 ° C, in a first zone of the furnace in a first zone of the furnace. heated. At the same time, a second type zone in a second zone of the furnace is heated to a temperature of 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C. Ultimately, the board is formed in a thermoforming process in a molding component. The mold member then has lower ductility properties, but higher strength properties, with respect to the second type region compared to the first type region.

Zur beschleunigten Abkühlung auf die Umwandlungstemperatur, bei der Austenit in Ferrit und Perlit zerfällt, kann nach den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 4 die lokale Abkühlung des Bereichs erster Art der Platine nach der Erwärmung dadurch erfolgen, dass der Bereich erster Art kurzzeitig mit Kühlbacken in Kontakt gebracht wird.For accelerated cooling to the transition temperature at which austenite decomposes into ferrite and pearlite, according to the features of claim 4, the local cooling of the area of the first type of board after heating can take place in that the area of the first type is briefly brought into contact with cooling jaws ,

Gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 5 ist es aber auch möglich, dass nach der Erwärmung der Bereich erster Art der Platine mit gekühltem Gas angeblasen wird.According to the features of claim 5, it is also possible that after heating the area of the first type of board is cooled with cooled gas.

Vorzugsweise kann dies nach Anspruch 6 dadurch erfolgen, dass als Gas Stickstoff verwendet wird.Preferably, this can be done according to claim 6, characterized in that nitrogen is used as the gas.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
im Schema die Herstellung eines Formbauteils mit zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität;
Figur 2
im Schema ein weiteres Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formbauteils mit zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität und
Figur 3
im Schema ein drittes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formbauteils mit zwei Gefügebereichen unterschiedlicher Duktilität.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
in the diagram, the production of a molded component with two structural areas of different ductility;
FIG. 2
in Scheme another method for producing a molded component with two structural areas of different ductility and
FIG. 3
in the diagram, a third method for producing a molded component with two structural areas of different ductility.

In den Figuren 1 bis 3 ist mit 1 ein Formbauteil mit zwei Gefügebereichen 2, 3 unterschiedlicher Duktilität bezeichnet. Bei dem Formbauteil 1 handelt es sich um die B-Säule einer ansonsten nicht näher dargestellten Fahrzeugkarosserie.In the FIGS. 1 to 3 1 denotes a shaped component with two structural regions 2, 3 of different ductility. The molded component 1 is the B-pillar of a vehicle body not otherwise shown.

Die Fertigung des Formbauteils 1 erfolgt aus einem mit einer AI/Si-Beschichtung versehenen hochfesten Borstahl.The production of the molded component 1 takes place from a high-strength boron steel provided with an Al / Si coating.

Ein Bandmaterial 4 aus einem derartigen Stahl ist entsprechend der Figur 1 zu einem Coil 5 gewickelt. Das Bandmaterial 4 wird dann von diesem Coil 5 kontinuierlich abgezogen und durch eine Stanze 6 geführt. In der Stanze 6 werden Platinen 7 von dem Bandmaterial 4 abgetrennt und diese danach einem drei Temperaturzonen 8, 9, 10 aufweisenden Durchlaufofen 11 zugeführt.A strip material 4 made of such a steel is according to FIG. 1 wrapped into a coil 5. The strip material 4 is then withdrawn continuously from this coil 5 and passed through a punch 6. In the punch 6 boards 7 are separated from the strip material 4 and these then fed to a three temperature zones 8, 9, 10 having continuous furnace 11.

In einer 1. Zone 8 des Durchlaufofens 11 wird jede Platine 7 auf eine Temperatur von etwa 830 °C bis 950 °C, vorzugsweise 920 °C, komplett homogen erwärmt und über eine bestimmte Zeit t auf diesem Temperaturniveau gehalten (Figur 2).In a first zone 8 of the continuous furnace 11, each board 7 is heated to a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably 920 ° C, completely homogeneous and kept at this temperature level over a certain time t ( FIG. 2 ).

Anschließend wird ein Bereich 12 erster Art der Platine 7 in einer 2. Zone 9 des Durchlaufofens 11 auf eine Temperatur von etwa 550 °C bis 700 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 625 °C, heruntergekühlt und über eine bestimmte Zeit t1 auf diesem abgesenkten Temperaturniveau gehalten. Gleichzeitig wird ein Bereich 13 zweiter Art der Platine 7 in einer 3. Zone 10 des Durchlaufofens 11 auf einem Temperaturniveau von etwa 830 °C bis 950 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 900 °C, gehalten.Subsequently, an area 12 of the first type of the board 7 in a second zone 9 of the continuous furnace 11 is cooled down to a temperature of about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably about 625 ° C, and over a certain time t 1 at this lowered temperature level held. At the same time, an area 13 of the second type of the board 7 in a third zone 10 of the continuous furnace 11 is maintained at a temperature level of about 830 ° C. to 950 ° C., preferably about 900 ° C.

Nach dem Austritt aus dem Durchlaufofen 11 wird dann die wärmebehandelte Platine 7 in einer nicht näher dargestellten Presse zum Formbauteil 1 warmumgeformt.After leaving the continuous furnace 11, the heat-treated board 7 is then thermoformed in a press not shown in detail to the mold component 1.

Unterhalb und oberhalb des Durchlaufofens 11 ist der Temperaturverlauf über die Zeit beim Durchgang der Platine 7 durch den Durchlaufofen 11 hinsichtlich des Bereichs 12 erster Art und des Bereichs 13 zweiter Art der Platine 7 dargestellt, wobei die untere Kurve 14 die Wärmebehandlung des Bereichs 12 erster Art, also den Temperaturverlauf des "weichen" Abschnitts einer Platine 7, und die obere Kurve 15 die Wärmebehandlung des Bereichs 13 zweiter Art, mithin den Temperaturverlauf des "gehärteten" Abschnitts einer Platine 7, zeigen.Below and above the continuous furnace 11, the temperature profile over time in the passage of the board 7 through the continuous furnace 11 with respect to the first type area 12 and the second area 13 of the board 7 is shown, the lower curve 14, the heat treatment of the area 12 of the first kind , ie the temperature profile of the "soft" section of a board 7, and the upper curve 15 the heat treatment of the area 13 of the second kind, Consequently, the temperature profile of the "cured" section of a board 7, show.

In der Figur 2 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formbauteils 1 mit zwei Gefügebereichen 2, 3 unterschiedlicher Duktilität veranschaulicht, bei welchem zunächst Bandmaterial 4 aus einem mit einer Al/Si-Beschichtung versehenen Borstahl von einem Coil 5 abgezogen und durch einen Vorofen 16 geführt wird. In dem Vorofen 16 wird das Bandmaterial 4 auf eine Temperatur von etwa 830 °C bis 950 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 920 °C, homogen erwärmt und über eine bestimmte Zeit auf diesem Temperaturniveau gehalten. Anschließend wird das derart wärmebehandelte Bandmaterial 4 zu einem Coil 17 gewickelt. Von diesem Coil 17 wird das wärmebehandelte Bandmaterial 4 einer Stanze 18 zugeführt, wo aus dem Bandmaterial 4 Platinen 7 abgetrennt werden. Das Bandmaterial 4 kann aber auch direkt nach dem Austritt aus dem Vorofen 16 abgekühlt und dann der Stanze 18 zugeführt werden. Diese Platinen 7 aus dem vorbehandelten Bandmaterial 4 werden sodann in einen Zwei-Zonen-Ofen 19 überführt und hierin hinsichtlich eines Bereichs 12 erster Art in einer 1. Zone 20 des Ofens 19 auf eine Temperatur von etwa 550 °C bis 700 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 680 °C, sowie hinsichtlich eines Bereichs 13 zweiter Art gleichzeitig in einer 2. Zone 21 des Ofens 19 auf eine Temperatur von etwa 830 °C bis 950 °C gebracht.In the FIG. 2 is a method for producing a molded component 1 with two structural areas 2, 3 illustrated different ductility, in which first strip material 4 is drawn from a provided with an Al / Si coating boron steel from a coil 5 and passed through a pre-furnace 16. In the pre-furnace 16, the strip material 4 is heated homogeneously to a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C, and maintained at this temperature level for a certain time. Subsequently, the thus heat-treated strip material 4 is wound into a coil 17. From this coil 17, the heat-treated strip material 4 is fed to a punch 18, where 4 blanks 7 are separated from the strip material. However, the strip material 4 can also be cooled immediately after leaving the pre-furnace 16 and then fed to the punch 18. These boards 7 from the pretreated strip material 4 are then transferred to a two-zone furnace 19 and herein in a first zone 20 of the furnace 19 at a temperature of about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably in a first type zone 12 about 680 ° C, as well as with respect to a region 13 of the second kind at the same time in a second zone 21 of the furnace 19 to a temperature of about 830 ° C brought to 950 ° C.

Die in dieser Weise wärmebehandelten Platinen 7 werden letztlich in einem nicht näher dargestellten Warmumformprozess zu Formbauteilen 1 mit zwei unterschiedlichen Gefügebereichen 2, 3 umgeformt.The heat-treated blanks 7 in this manner are finally formed in a hot-forming process (not shown in detail) into shaped components 1 having two different structural regions 2, 3.

Die untere Kurve 22 im Temperatur-Zeit-Schaubild 23 der Figur 2 zeigt in diesem Zusammenhang den Temperaturverlauf im Bereich 12 erster Art der Platine 7 und die obere Kurve 24 den Temperaturverlauf im Bereich 13 zweiter Art jeder Platine 7.The lower curve 22 in the temperature-time diagram 23 of FIG. 2 shows in this connection the temperature profile in the area 12 of the first type of the board 7 and the upper curve 24 the temperature profile in the area 13 of the second type of each board 7.

In der Figur 3 ist veranschaulicht, wie Bandmaterial 4 aus einem mit einer AI/Si-Beschichtung versehenen Borstahl von einem Coil 5 abgezogen und direkt einer Stanze 18 zugeführt wird. In der Stanze 18 werden vom Bandmaterial 4 Platinen 7 abgetrennt und dann einem Vorofen 16 zugeleitet, wo die Platinen 7 auf eine Temperatur von etwa 830 °C bis 950 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 920 °C, homogen erwärmt und über eine bestimmte Zeit t2 auf diesem Temperaturniveau gehalten werden.In the FIG. 3 FIG. 4 illustrates how strip material 4 made of boron steel provided with an Al / Si coating is drawn off a coil 5 and fed directly to a punch 18. In the punch 18 are from the strip material 4th Cut boards 7 and then fed to a pre-furnace 16, where the boards 7 are heated to a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably about 920 ° C, homogeneously and kept at a certain time t 2 at this temperature level.

Die derart wärmebehandelten Platinen 7 werden sodann in den vorstehend bereits erwähnten Zwei-Zonen-Ofen 19 überführt und hier in der 1. Zone 20 hinsichtlich eines Bereichs 12 erster Art, wie geschildert, auf eine Temperatur von etwa 550 °C bis 700 °C, vorzugsweise etwa 680 °C, sowie hinsichtlich eines Bereichs 13 zweiter Art gleichzeitig in der 2. Zone 21 des Ofens 19 auf eine Temperatur von etwa 830 °C bis 950 °C gebracht.The thus heat-treated blanks 7 are then transferred to the above-mentioned two-zone furnace 19 and here in the 1st zone 20 with respect to a region 12 of the first kind, as described, to a temperature of about 550 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably about 680 ° C, as well as with respect to a region 13 of the second kind at the same time brought in the second zone 21 of the furnace 19 to a temperature of about 830 ° C to 950 ° C.

Das Temperatur-Zeit-Schaubild 23 entspricht demjenigen der Figur 2.The temperature-time graph 23 corresponds to that of FIG. 2 ,

Auch die derart wärmebehandelten Platinen 7 werden schließlich in einem Warmformprozess zu Formbauteilen 1 mit zwei unterschiedlichen Gefügebereichen 2, 3 umgeformt.The thus heat-treated blanks 7 are finally formed in a thermoforming process to form components 1 with two different structural areas 2, 3.

Bezugszeichen:Reference numerals:

1 -1 -
Formbauteilmold component
2 -2 -
Gefügebereich v. 1Microstructure v. 1
3 -3 -
Gefügebereich v. 1Microstructure v. 1
4 -4 -
Bandmaterialband material
5 -5 -
Coilcoil
6 -6 -
Stanzepunch
7 -7 -
Platinecircuit board
8 -8th -
1. Zone v. 111st zone v. 11
9 -9 -
2. Zone v. 112nd zone v. 11
10 -10 -
3. Zone v. 113rd zone v. 11
11 -11 -
DurchlaufofenContinuous furnace
12 -12 -
Bereich erster Art v. 7Area of the first kind v. 7
13 -13 -
Bereich zweiter Art v. 7Area of the second kind v. 7
14 -14 -
untere Kurvelower curve
15 -15 -
obere Kurveupper curve
16 -16 -
Vorofenprefurnace
17 -17 -
Coilcoil
18 -18 -
Stanzepunch
19 -19 -
Zwei-Zonen-OfenTwo-zone furnace
20 -20 -
1. Zone v. 191st zone v. 19
21 -21 -
2. Zone v. 192nd zone v. 19
22 -22 -
untere Kurve in 23lower curve in 23
23 -23 -
Schaubildgraph
24 -24 -
obere Kurve in 23upper curve in 23
t -t -
ZeitTime
t1 -t 1 -
ZeitTime
t2 -t 2 -
ZeitTime

Claims (6)

  1. Method for producing a moulded part (1) having at least two structure regions (2, 3) of different ductility from a metal blank (7) separated from strip material (4), in which the blank (7) is heated differently in different regions and is then subjected to a hot warming process for the purpose of forming the blank into the moulded part (1), characterised in that in the application of the method to a moulded part (1) of a high-strength boron steel provided with an Al/Si coating a blank (7) separated from strip material (4) of such a material is homogeneously heated in a furnace (11) comprising several temperature zones (8, 9, 10), first of all in a first zone (8) to a temperature of about 830°C-950°C and is held at this temperature for a certain time (t), that a first type of region (12) of the blank (7) is cooled in a second zone (9) of the furnace (11) to a temperature of about 550°C-700°C and is held at this lower temperature for a certain time (t1), and that simultaneously a second type of region (13) of the blank (7) is maintained in a third zone (10) of the furnace (11) for a time (t2) at a temperature of about 830°C-950°C, following which the blank (7) is formed in a subsequent heat forming process into the moulded part (1).
  2. Method for producing a moulded part (1) with at least two structure regions, (2, 3) of different ductility from a metal blank (7) separated from strip material (4), in which the blank (7) is heated differently in different regions and is then subjected to a heat forming process for the purposes of forming the blank into the moulded part (1), characterised in that in the application of the method to a moulded part (1) of a high-strength boron steel provided with an Al/Si coating, strip material (4) from such a material is homogeneously heated by passing it through a pre-furnace (16) to a temperature of about 830°C-950°C, is held at this temperature for a certain time and is then cooled, following which blanks (7) are separated from the strip material (4), and that after this each blank (7) separated from the strip material (4) is transferred to a two-zone furnace (19) and with regard to a first type of region (12) is heated in a first zone (20) of the furnace (19) to a temperature of about 550°C-700°C and also as regards a second type of region (13) is simultaneously heated in a second zone (21) of the furnace (19) to a temperature of about 830°C-950°C, and that finally the blank (7) is shaped in a heat forming process into the moulded part (1).
  3. Method for producing a moulded part (1) with at least two structure regions, (2, 3) of different ductility from a metal blank (7) separated from strip material (4), in which the blank (7) is heated differently in different regions and is then subjected to a heat forming process for the purpose of forming it into the moulded part (1), characterised in that in the application of the method to a moulded part (1) of a high-strength boron steel provided with an Al/Si coating, blanks (7) are separated from strip material (4) of such a material, and that each blank (7) is then homogeneously heated in a pre-furnace (16) to a temperature of about 830°C-950°C and is also held at this temperature for a certain time and is then cooled, following which the blank (7) is transferred to a two-zone furnace (19) and as regards a first type of region (12) is heated in a first zone (20) of the furnace (19) to a temperature of about 550°C-700°C and as regards a second type of region (13) is simultaneously heated in a second zone (21) of the furnace (19) to a temperature of about 830°C-950°C and is held at this temperature for a time (t3), and that finally the thus treated blanks (7) are formed in a hot forming process into the moulded part (1).
  4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that for the cooling to about 550°C-700°C the first type of region (12) of the blank (7) is briefly brought into contact with cooling brackets.
  5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that for the cooling to about 550°C-700°C the first type of region (12) of the blank (7) is blasted with cold gas.
  6. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that for the cooling to about 550°C-700°C the first type of region (12) of the blank (7) is blasted with nitrogen.
EP08854114.9A 2007-11-29 2008-11-03 Method for producing a shaped component comprising at least two joining areas having different ductility Active EP2227570B1 (en)

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DE102007057855A DE102007057855B3 (en) 2007-11-29 2007-11-29 Production of moldings with structure zones of different ductility comprises heat treatment of aluminum-silicon coated high-tensile steel blank, followed by treating zones at different temperature
PCT/DE2008/001799 WO2009067976A1 (en) 2007-11-29 2008-11-03 Method for producing a shaped component comprising at least two joining areas having different ductility

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DE635788C (en) 1936-09-24 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Cooling jaws for hardening steel straps
EP0106113A1 (en) 1982-09-21 1984-04-25 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Process and apparatus for the bright annealing of metallic parts using nitrogen as the protective atmosphere
EP0189759B1 (en) 1985-01-17 1989-12-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for heat treating work pieces
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ES2620804T3 (en) 2017-06-29
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EP2227570A1 (en) 2010-09-15
WO2009067976A1 (en) 2009-06-04
US20100300584A1 (en) 2010-12-02
CN101796202A (en) 2010-08-04
RU2445381C1 (en) 2012-03-20

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