EP2216273A1 - Pneumatic waste suction system with a storage device and a method for transferring waste objects using such a waste suction system - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a driving device rigidly connected to an inner surface of a drum-shaped storage container (6). The storage container is rotatably mounted around an axis by two bearings. The storage container has a supply opening (5) and a discharge opening, which are axially arranged at opposite sides of the storage container. A supply unit is provided between the discharge opening and a transportation pipe to supply waste objects (3) to the pipe. An air inlet valve is arranged outside the container and directly connected with the pipe. An independent claim is also included for a method for transferring waste objects from an input station to a central waste collection point.

Description

Background of the invention

The invention relates to a pneumatic Müllsaugsystem with an input station for introducing garbage objects in a filling device, a storage device with a storage container having a feed opening, an outlet opening, and inside a propulsion device for transporting garbage objects within the storage container in the direction of discharge opening, wherein the storage container is connected via the feed opening to the filling device, a transport tube which connects the storage container with a central refuse collection point and an air inlet valve for generating an air flow through which the refuse objects are transported to the central refuse collection point.

Such a pneumatic Müllsaugsystem is known from WO 2006/135296 A1 ,

Pneumatic Müllsaugsysteme serve for the underground transport of waste objects, especially from densely populated or difficult to access areas to a central collection point, from where the waste objects are transported by means of special garbage trucks. The transport to the central refuse collection point via transport tubes, in which an air flow is generated, which conveys the garbage objects through the transport tube.

WO 2006/135296 A1 describes a Müllsaugsystem with a tank in the garbage objects can be stored temporarily for a short time when the amount of waste exceeds the suction capacity of the Abfallsaugsystems. The garbage collection system via a garbage chute fed to the Müllsaugsystem first arrive in the stationary tank, which is located below the refuse collection station. The stationary tank tapers towards the lower area. There, a conveyor in the form of a screw conveyor is arranged, which rotates relative to the tank. The auger ensures a loose distribution and forward movement of the garbage objects in the tank. The forward movement of the garbage objects to an outlet opening, which leads into a transport tube through which the garbage objects are transported pneumatically to a central collection point.

However, this type of caching quickly reaches its limits when the system is supplied in a very short time a large amount of waste, as is the case for large events, for example. Thus, if the tank is overfilled, the auger may be adversely affected, in particular by parts that become jammed due to the increasing filling between the rotating auger and the tank shell. In order to avoid this, the tank of the amount of waste would have correspondingly large proportions, which in turn would bring an enormous amount of space and the associated costs.

Furthermore, in the case of large amounts of waste in such a system, the outlet opening of the storage container or the inlet opening of the transport tube may clog, as a result of which the air flow in the transport tube breaks off and a transport of the refuse objects is prevented.

It is known that garbage trucks (e.g., http://www.faun.com/faunkat/dbimg/x111_L.jpg) use a compressor screw to compact the refuse.

DE 35 38 813 A1 describes a refuse storage, which instead of a driven auger guide bleach on the inner wall of a rotatably mounted container, which provide for the transport of the garbage objects. With increasing filling of the waste is compacted by a pressure cone located in the feed opening. The drum has one of the feed opening axially opposite outlet opening. This device was developed to feed recycling plants.

Although this garbage storage can accommodate large amounts of garbage in a short time, the amount of garbage exiting the outlet opening is too irregular for use with a garbage suction system. In addition, in the case of the outlet device provided in such a device, a short-term rotary movement in the opposite direction is recommended in order to avoid clogging of the outlet opening. In a garbage disposal system, in which a permanent entry must be expected during the removal, such a rotation in the opposite direction is not practical.

Furthermore, such a refuse accumulator aggravates the problem of the tearing air flow in Müllsaugsystemen the above type.

US 5,845,566 describes a garbage storage, but unlike in DE 35 38 813 A1 described system uses no compressor screw for compression, but a rotating about an axis screw conveyor. This system reaches its limits where large amounts of waste have to be dealt with in a short time and has only very limited ones Compaction capabilities, since with increasing filling of the refuse storage, the risk of jamming between wall and auger bulk objects increases sharply.

Object of the invention

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a pneumatic Müllsaugsystem, on the one hand takes up little space in relation to the amount of waste, on the other hand, but also ensures reliable operation with large amounts of waste.

Brief description of the invention

This object is achieved in a surprisingly simple as well as effective manner in that the propulsion device is rigidly connected to the inner surface of the storage container, that a storage is provided, through which the storage container is rotatably mounted about its axis, that the supply port and the outlet port of the Storage container are arranged on axially opposite sides of the storage container, that between the outlet opening of the storage container and the transport tube, a supply unit for supplying the garbage objects to the transport tube is provided and that the air inlet valve is arranged outside the storage container and connected directly to the transport tube.

In contrast to the prior art, the Müllsaugsystem invention includes no relative to the storage container moving conveyor, so that jamming of Müllobjekten can be reliably prevented. In order nevertheless to convey the waste objects in the direction of the outlet opening and / or to distribute them, the inner surface of the jacket surface of the storage container is rigidly connected to a propulsion device. Storage tank and propulsion device thus form a unit and can be rotated together about the axis of the storage container. "Axis" This describes no component, but rather the axis of rotation of the storage container, which is the axis of symmetry of the storage container. As a result of the rotation of the storage container, the supplied refuse objects can also be conveyed without a conveying device moving relative to the storage container, since the propulsion is realized by the joint rotation of the container with the advancing device. The storage container is preferably cylindrical for this purpose. The rotation of the storage container is made possible in particular by the opposite arrangement of the feed opening and the outlet opening. In addition, the opposing arrangement of the supply port and the discharge port makes effective use of the space available inside the storage container.

As a result, on the one hand a forward drive of the garbage objects is realized, on the other hand is avoided. that smaller garbage objects jam between the conveyor and the storage tank wall. This results in a particularly low-maintenance system.

The air inlet valve is arranged outside the storage container. In particular, the air inlet valve is connected directly to the transport tube. The suction generated by the air inlet valve thus serves only to transport the garbage objects through the transport tube, but not to empty the storage container. In this way, a tearing off of the air flow through the garbage objects in the Specherbehälter is avoided.

Between the outlet opening of the storage container and the transport tube, a supply unit is provided. As a result, the amount of waste fed to the transport pipe can be metered, in particular if the conveying speed of the waste quantity is adjusted. This ensures optimum transport performance in the transport tube.

Preferably, the storage container is a drum which is rotatably mounted on its peripheral surface. The storage is thus completely outside the storage container. Thus, on the one hand this allows easy access to the storage, for example for maintenance purposes. On the other hand, contamination by the refuse container in the storage tank objects and odor nuisance during maintenance is avoided. In addition, there are no moving parts inside the storage container. By this type of storage, in principle, the entire base surfaces (axial ends) of the drum for the arrangement of the supply or outlet opening available, whereby a complete emptying of the storage container is made possible in a simple manner.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the Müllsaugsystems invention has as propulsion device, the inner surface of the storage container on a helical guide plate.

It is particularly advantageous if a compression device, in particular a static compressor screw, is provided in the storage container. The rotation of the storage container results in a relative movement between the storage container and the compressor screw, so that with adequate filling of the storage container takes place compression. The absorption capacity of the storage container can thereby be increased by a multiple, so that an optimal filling of the storage container is ensured. Due to the conical shape of the compressor screw, jamming of objects can be excluded.

Preferably, the feed opening of the storage container is part of the static compressor screw. The supply of the garbage objects in the storage container thus takes place through the compressor screw, which is arranged at the frontal axial end of the storage container. Through the front-side feed opening in the compressor screw enter the garbage objects and fall directly through the bottom located in the compressor screw feed opening in the storage tank. The feed opening of the compressor screw remains free even in the compression phase, because the garbage objects are pressed by the outer profile of the screw compressor in the storage container.

An advantageous embodiment provides that an automatically, preferably electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically operated closure device is provided, with which the outlet opening of the storage container can be closed. The closure device ensures that only at defined times a controlled refuse collection takes place from the storage container.

The feed opening preferably comprises a frame to which on the one hand the input shaft and the compressor screw are connected. On the other hand, the storage container also binds to the frame. The feed unit connects the storage container with transport tube and is preferably located in a discharge chute. Since the storage container rotates, it is vorteilhat when the chute and / or the discharge chute each have a connection with a seal that prevents dust, garbage or liquids escape.

Instead of a chute can serve as a filling device and a conveyor belt or a lifting and tilting device. Alternatively, can be dispensed with a filling device and the supply of waste by hand directly via the feed opening.

In a specific embodiment of the Müllsaugsystems invention, a secondary line (bypass) is provided between the storage container and the transport tube, which serves to generate an air flow from the storage container into the transport tube. The secondary line can also be provided between the insertion chute and the transport tube. By the secondary line then a slight negative pressure in the chute and storage container is generated. In this way it can be prevented dusty air and unpleasant odors get through the inlet opening of the storage container to the input station.

Especially in public places, it is often desirable to place the input stations as inconspicuously as possible. A particular embodiment therefore provides that the input station can be lowered in the ground. For this purpose, the input station and at least a part of the insertion chute are arranged vertically movable.

In particular, it is advantageous in this case if a pivotable connection device (chute) is provided between the retractable part of the insertion chute and the storage container or the stationary part of the insertion chute. The connecting device pivots in the extended state under the shaft and connects it with the stationary components of the Müllsaugsystems. By pivoting the connecting device we created the space required for sinking the input station.

It is particularly preferred if a sensor, in particular a pressure sensor, is provided for detecting the fill level of the storage container. Depending on the level, the opening and closing of the outlet opening of the storage container can be regulated.

Another aspect of the present invention is a method for transferring garbage objects from an input station to a central garbage collection point by means of the previously described Müllsaugsystems, comprising the following steps: input of the garbage objects in the filling device of the Müllsaugsystems via the input station, filling the storage container with the entered garbage objects via the feed opening of the storage container, conveying the refuse objects within the storage container in the direction of the outlet opening by means of the advancing device of the storage container, emptying the storage container via the (opened) outlet opening of the storage container, Supplying the garbage objects into the transport pipe of the Müllsaugsystems through the opened refuse supply valve, transporting the garbage objects to the central refuse collection point by means of an air flow in the transport tube, wherein the air flow is generated by opening the air inlet valve. According to the invention, the refuse objects are supplied to the transport tube after leaving the storage container by means of a feed unit.

Advantageously, the storage container is rotated about its axis together with the propulsion device during filling and / or emptying of the storage container.

Until the air inlet valve opens, there is the full vacuum in the pipe system. After opening the air inlet valve, the negative pressure decreases and a constant air velocity sets in. Only in this stable state opens the Müllzuführventil, through which the waste is sucked in the optimal air - waste ratio. Without feed unit, the garbage objects in front of the garbage supply valve would cause clogging.

Particularly preferred is a method in which during the filling of the storage container at least temporarily, preferably from a defined degree of filling of the storage container, a compression of the garbage objects within the storage container by means of the compression device takes place. In this way, the storage capacity of the storage container can be increased at an increased waste incidence.

The filling and emptying of the storage container can be done at least temporarily simultaneously.

Preferably, the emptying of the storage container sets only from a defined degree of filling of the storage container and / or time-controlled. In this way, the plant does not have to be operated continuously, whereby the energy costs necessary for operating the plant can be reduced. Of the Degree of filling, from which the emptying is to take place, can be determined in advance.

Preferably, in order to empty the storage container, first the air flow is generated by opening the air inlet valve, then the waste supply valve is opened and the supply unit is switched on. Subsequently, the outlet opening is opened by means of a closure device. By the maximum possible refuse supply by means of the feed unit in the transport tube, a maximum suction capacity can be achieved. With correct waste air ratio 90m ³ / h are possible.

It is particularly preferred if the throughput of the feed unit and the speed of the storage container are matched to the suction capacity of the transport tube. In this way, the garbage dosing can be optimized so that a maximum throughput is achieved.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description and the drawings. Likewise, the features mentioned above and those listed further can be used individually or in any combination. The embodiments shown and described are not to be understood as exhaustive enumeration, but rather have exemplary character for the description of the invention.

Drawing and detailed description of the invention Show it:

• Fig. 1 a longitudinal section of a Müllsaugsystems invention;
• Fig. 2 a detail from Fig.1 with a storage device; and
• Fig. 3 a plan view of the storage device Fig. 2 ,

Fig. 1 shows an inventive Müllsaugsystem with a storage device 1. The in Fig. 1 shown Müllsaugsystem has two input stations 2a, 2b at different levels. About the input stations 2a, 2b can be supplied to Müllsaugsystem to be disposed garbage 3. In order to ensure a comfortable handling, the opening of the input stations 2a, 2b can take place automatically, in particular by means of RFID chip recognition. The garbage objects 3 first pass into a chute 4, which is connected by a connecting frame (feed opening 5) with a compressor screw 12 and a drum-shaped storage container 6, the in Fig. 2 and Figure 3 shown in detail. The refuse objects then fall through an opening located below in the compressor screw 12 in the storage container 12. By means of a storage of the storage container is rotatably mounted on its outer jacket. As a result, a rotation about the axis 7 of the storage container is effected. The bearing comprises a plurality of bearing elements 8a, 8b, which are not located on the axis 7 of the storage container 6, but in the region of its outer jacket. In this way it is possible to arrange the feed opening 5 and an outlet opening 9 on axially opposite sides of the storage container 6. In the embodiment shown, two bearing elements 8a, 8b are respectively provided at the front and at the rear axial end of the storage container 6, on which the storage container 6 rests and can be rotated by a motor 10 in rotation.

The inner circumferential surface of the storage container 6 has the structure of a helical guide plate 11 . The storage container rotating about the fixed compressor screw, with its guide plates 11, ensures the further transport of the waste objects 3 in the direction of the outlet opening 9.

The feed opening 5 of the storage container 6 comprises, for example, a frame which can be connected by means of a seal to the compressor worm 12 and / or to the insertion chute 4. The compressor screw 12 is arranged statically on one of the base surfaces of the storage container 6. The garbage objects 3 fall through the feed opening 5 in the static compressor screw 12 into the cylindrical storage container 6, which rotates during filling. The rotation of the storage container 6 takes place in the direction of rotation, which moves the garbage objects through the helical turns of the propulsion device 11 to the front. The rotation of the storage container 6 causes the refuse objects 3 to be initially conveyed by the advancing device 11 in the direction of the outlet opening 9, that is to say away from the compressor screw 12, and distributed in the storage container 6. From a certain degree of filling, if no propulsion of the garbage objects 3 in the direction of the outlet opening is more effected, the garbage objects 3 are moved around the compressor worm 12 and compacted in their narrowing passages. The compression can reach up to 500 kg / m ³ . In this case, the charging of the storage container 6 can be carried out continuously with further refuse objects 3 until a previously set or system-related maximum pressure is reached.

The outlet opening 9 of the storage container 6 is connected via a feed unit 13 and an adjacent to the feed unit garbage supply valve 14 with a transport tube 15 through which the garbage objects 3 are transported to a central refuse collection point. In the transport tube 15, the required negative pressure for sucking the refuse objects prevails 3. First, an air inlet valve 16 is opened. The air inlet valve 16 is connected directly to the transport tube 15. Due to the pressure prevailing in the transport pipe 16 negative pressure air is sucked into the transport tube 15 after opening the air inlet valve 16 and thus generates a suction within the transport tube 15. After opening the air intake valve 16 , the Müilzufuhrventil 14 is opened and the feed unit 13 is set in motion. The system is now ready to empty the storage container 6. The emptying of the storage container 6 takes place via the outlet opening 9 of the storage container 6, which can be closed with an automatically controllable closure device 17 . By opening the closure device 17, the refuse expands and initially falls off of the storage container 6 by itself. By rotating the storage container 6, the helical guide plate 11 fixedly attached to the cylindrical jacket of the storage container 6 causes the refuse objects 3 to move in the direction of the outlet opening 9.

Below the outlet opening 9 is a connection funnel with the feed unit 13, which conveys the refuse objects 3 to the transport tube 15. Since it is unavoidable that more refuse objects 3 fall out of the storage container 6 than the refuse suction system can suck, the feed unit 13 ensures the correct "Mülldosierung" for the transport tube 15. For this purpose, the speeds of the storage container 6 and the feed unit 13 on the Suction capacity of the refuse suction system (up to 90m ³ / h). The garbage objects are detected by the suction in the transport tube 15 and conveyed to the central refuse collection point.

The Müllsaugsystem invention can absorb large amounts of household waste or household waste similar waste and caching in order to then supply them according to the suction capacity of the connected Müllsauganlage within a very short time. Depending on the amount of waste several storage tanks and transport tubes can be provided.

Thus, especially in recurring Großveranstalfiungen, in shopping centers, old city areas, skyscrapers and in areas with dense development an underground pneumatic waste disposal can be realized with minimal space requirements.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

storage device

2a, 2b

input station

3

waste object

4

chute

5

Feed opening of the storage container

6

storage container

7

Axle of the storage tank

8a, 8b

Bearing elements for the storage container

9

Outlet opening of the storage tank

10

engine

11

helical guide plate (propulsion device)

12

compressor screw

13

feed

14

Waste supply valve

15

transport pipe

16

Air inlet valve

17

closure device

Claims (15)

Pneumatic refuse suction system with An input station (2a, 2b) for introducing refuse objects (3) into a filling device, • a storage device (1) with a storage container (6) having a feed opening (5), an outlet opening (9), and inside a propulsion device (11) for transporting refuse objects (3) within the storage container (6) in the direction of outlet opening (9), wherein the storage container (6) via the supply port (5) is connected to the filling device, A transport tube (15) which connects the storage container (6) to a central refuse collection point and An air inlet valve (16) for generating an air flow through which the waste objects (3) are transported to the central refuse collection point, characterized, • that the propulsion device (11) is rigidly connected to the inner surface of the storage container (6), That a bearing (8a, 8b) is provided, through which the storage container (6) is rotatably mounted about its axis (7), • that the supply opening (5) and the outlet opening (9) of the storage container (6) are arranged on axially opposite sides of the storage container (6), That between the outlet opening (9) of the storage container (6) and the transport tube (15) is provided a feed unit (13) for supplying the refuse objects (3) to the transport tube (15), and • that the air inlet valve (16) outside the storage container (6) is arranged and connected directly to the transport tube (15). Müllsaugsystem according to claim 1, characterized in that as a propulsion device (11), the inner surface of the storage container (6) has a helical guide plate. Müllsaugsystem according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the storage container (6) a static compressor screw (12) is provided. Müllsaugsystem according to claim 3, characterized in that the feed opening (5) of the storage container (6) is part of the static compressor screw (12). Müllsaugsystem according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an automatically, preferably electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically operated closure device (17) is provided, with which the outlet opening (9) of the storage container (6) can be closed. Müllsaugsystem according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a secondary line between the storage container (6) and the transport tube (15) is provided, which serves for generating an air flow from the storage container (6) in the transport tube (15). Müllsaugsystem according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling device is designed as a chute (4), and that the input station (2a, 2b) and at least a part of the insertion chute (4) is retractable in the ground. Müllsaugsystem according to claim 7, characterized in that a pivotable connection means between the retractable part of the insertion chute (4) and the storage container (6) or the stationary part of the insertion chute (4) is provided. Müllsaugsystem according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sensor, in particular a pressure sensor, for detecting the level of the storage container (6) is provided. Method for transferring refuse objects (3) from an input station (2a, 2b) to a central refuse collection point by means of a refuse suction system according to one of the preceding claims, with the following method steps: Inputting the waste objects (3) into the filling device of the refuse suction system via the input station (2a, 2b), Filling the storage container (6) with the entered refuse objects (3) via the feed opening (5) of the storage container (6), Conveying the waste objects (3) within the storage container (6) in the direction of the outlet opening (9) by means of the advancing device (11) of the storage container (6), Emptying the storage container (6) via the outlet opening (9) of the storage container (6), Feeding the refuse objects (3) into the transport pipe (15) of the refuse suction system through the opened refuse supply valve (14), Transporting the waste objects (3) to the central refuse collection point by means of an air flow in the transport tube (15), the air flow being generated by opening the air inlet valve (16), characterized,
that the waste objects (3) after leaving the storage container (6) by means of the feed unit (13) are supplied to the transport pipe (15). A method according to claim 10, characterized in that during the filling of the storage container (6) at least temporarily a Compaction of the refuse objects (3) takes place within the storage container by means of the compression device, preferably from a defined degree of filling of the storage container (6). Method according to one of the claims 10 or 11, characterized in that filling and emptying of the storage container (6) take place at least temporarily at the same time. Method according to one of the claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the emptying of the storage container (6) only starts at a defined degree of filling of the storage container (6) and / or time-controlled. Method according to one of the claims 10 to 13, characterized in that for emptying the storage container (6) first generates the air flow by opening the air inlet valve (16), then the refuse supply valve (14) opened, the supply unit (13) turned on and then the outlet opening (9) of the storage container (6) is opened by means of a closure device. Method according to one of the claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the throughput of the feed unit (13) and the speed of the storage container (6) are matched to the suction capacity of the transport tube (15).

Images