EP2214850A1 - Motor block having molded cylinder sleeves comprising a plurality of material layers and method for producing the cylinder sleeves - Google Patents
Motor block having molded cylinder sleeves comprising a plurality of material layers and method for producing the cylinder sleevesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2214850A1 EP2214850A1 EP08854279A EP08854279A EP2214850A1 EP 2214850 A1 EP2214850 A1 EP 2214850A1 EP 08854279 A EP08854279 A EP 08854279A EP 08854279 A EP08854279 A EP 08854279A EP 2214850 A1 EP2214850 A1 EP 2214850A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- cylinder liner
- engine block
- cylinder
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/006—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/007—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of composite ingots, i.e. two or more molten metals of different compositions being used to integrally cast the ingots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/04—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of shallow solid or hollow bodies, e.g. wheels or rings, in moulds rotating around their axis of symmetry
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/10—Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings
- B22D13/101—Moulds
- B22D13/102—Linings for moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
Definitions
- the invention relates to an engine block, in particular a light metal engine block, with cast-in cylinder liners which comprise a plurality of material layers of different strength, with at least one inner layer forming a cylinder liner and at least one relative to this outer the bushing body forming layer.
- the invention further relates to cylinder liners for pouring into a light metal engine block, with at least two different layers of material of different strength, and method for producing a cylinder liner for pouring into a light metal engine block, wherein the cylinder liner has at least two different material layers of light metal with different strength by centrifugal casting or by extrusion of pipes with different materials.
- a further improvement of the wear resistance is achieved, for example, by additionally providing the running surface of cylinder liners with a wear-resistant coating.
- a wear-resistant coating for example, from DE 103 08 562 B3 cylinder liners for
- This coating consists of at least one layer layer based on a high-strength iron alloy with carbon and oxygen or based on TiC> 2 , wherein the wear protection layer has martensitic phases and forms oxides.
- the preferred coating method is high speed flame spraying (HVOF). From DE 10135618 Al further method for the production of cylinder liners made of Al-Si-raceways, with increased wear resistance is known. In this case, at least one process step of a fine machining is provided, during which a mechanical edge layer solidification is carried out.
- Another possibility is to produce the cylinder liner of hypereutectic Al alloys with high content of Si precipitates and the tread after the completion of the engine block, or the
- Cylinder crankcase post-treat in such a way that the silicon grains are exposed to the tread.
- the known methods have the disadvantage that they are sometimes complex, require several post-processing steps of the treads, cost-intensive coating process for the cylinder interior and sometimes expensive materials.
- the object of the invention is therefore to show cost-effective method for the production of cylinder liners for pouring into the crankcase or cylinder blocks, wherein the cylinder blocks have improved strength with high wear resistance of the tread and to provide engine blocks with cast-cylinder liners and the cylinder liners themselves.
- an engine block in particular a light metal engine block, with cast-in cylinder liners, which comprise a plurality of material layers of different strength, with at least one inner cylinder liner forming layer and at least one relative thereto outer the A socket body forming layer, wherein the socket body made of a high-strength aluminum alloy or reinforced by a reinforcing agent aluminum alloy and the track is formed by an Al-Si alloy capable of running with the features of claim 1 and by a cylinder liner for pouring into a
- Light metal engine block having at least two different layers of material, wherein the cylinder liner is integrally formed from a socket body made of a high-strength aluminum alloy or reinforced by reinforcing agent aluminum alloy and a track of a less solid running Al-Si alloy having the features of claim 11.
- an engine block, or cylinder crankcase is provided with cast-cylinder liner, which consists of at least two layers of material, which have the two functions of high strength and high wear resistance and good runnability. It is essential that the liner is constructed in one piece.
- the one-piece cylinder liners consist of a bushing made of a high-strength aluminum alloy or an aluminum alloy reinforced by reinforcing agent and the raceway made of an Al-Si alloy which can be run.
- the invention is based on the principle in a bushing to connect the properties Hochfest with wear resistant.
- a continuous material occurs while an Al alloy whose composition and additives change over the radial extent of the socket.
- the change in composition takes place more or less continuously, or can take place with different substance gradients. Outside the transition or penetration areas, the compositions are substantially constant, so that these areas are expediently defined as material layers.
- the cylinder liner has at least two layers of material which correspond to the cylinder surface and the socket body.
- the integral nature of the cylinder liner has the advantage that there are no interruptions of form or material bond, as this can occur for example in coatings of any kind.
- a continuous AI phase is formed. This results in particular in a high thermal conductivity of the socket and a maximum of physical compatibility of the different Material layers among each other. This is a big advantage compared to coated cylinder liners.
- the engine block in closed or open-deck design is particularly preferably made of Al or Mg die-cast alloys.
- the existing aluminum alloy cylinder liner, in particular the socket body made of aluminum shows due to the very similar materials a very good connection or fabric and positive engagement with Umgussleg réelle.
- the track After pouring into the cylinder crankcase, the track already carries the required workable or wear-resistant material layer and no additional coating is required.
- the aftertreatment may be limited to a fine turning of the tread.
- the raceways in the engine block are honed smooth, leaving the Si particles in the alloy so that the surface of the raceway is covered with a thin Al layer above the Si grains.
- the thickness of the Al coating is in the range of 2-10 ⁇ m.
- the cylinder liner has high stability due to the use of a high strength Al alloy for the bushing body, which also allows for highest combustion pressures in the cylinder without the need to use high strength Al alloys for encapsulation.
- inexpensive die-cast alloys for the cylinder crankcase are applicable.
- Wrought alloys also called extruded alloys
- cast alloys are preferably used for the bushing body.
- the aluminum wrought alloys for the bushing body are typically produced by plate and strip production by hot and cold forming (rolling, extrusion, forging).
- Typical curable aluminum wrought alloys or extruded alloys are the systems AlMgSi, AlCuMg, AlZnMg, AlZnMgCu, collectively Al (Mg, Si, Mn, Cu and / or Zn) 6100 (AlSiIMgMnCu), 4032 (A1SÜ2, 5MgCuNi), 2016 (AlCu9SiMg), 2219 (AlCu ⁇ Mn), 2014 AlCu4SiMg, or 2024 (AlCu4Mg)
- the Zn-containing alloys of the type 7000 are important, although they are more sensitive to corrosion In addition, the Zn content results in a reduced melting temperature, whereby the casting surface of the cylinder bore can
- the cylinder liner can be singulated or as a cylinder liner package, i. contiguous cylinder liners are used.
- the suitable cast alloys for the socket body of the cylinder liner are in particular the alloys based on AlCu4Ti or AlCu4MgTi interesting, which can reach a yield strength of 240-350 MPa and a tensile strength of 350-420 MPa. Furthermore, the alloy type AlCu4MgAgTi with attainable yield strengths of 410-450 MPa and tensile strengths of 460-510 MPa is well suited.
- AlMg5 or AlMg5Si2Mn Due to the comparatively low material costs, AlMg5 or AlMg5Si2Mn with a yield strength of 150-200 MPa and a tensile strength of 250-300 MPa are of great interest to the socket body.
- the classical low-cost Al casting alloys such as AlSi8Cu3, AlSi9Mg, AlSiIlMg, or AlSil2CuNiMg, can be used.
- the disadvantage of lower strength can optionally be made up for by the structural design. For example comparatively higher wall thicknesses of the socket body feasible.
- the inner material layer corresponds to the cylinder liner.
- an operable Al-Si alloy is provided according to the invention. These are in particular hypereutectic Al-Si alloys, in which Si precipitates lead to increased wear resistance.
- the preferred alloys for forming the cylinder liner are alloys based on AlSi12CuMgNi, AlSil2Cu4Ni2Mg, AlSil ⁇ CuMgNi, or AlSi25CuMgNi.
- an AlSi9-13 alloy in particular with additions of Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni and / or Ti in an amount of less than 3 wt. %
- a further embodiment of the invention provides to provide the cylinder liner with bound in the alloys additional material.
- the cylinder liner can be further reinforced by reinforcing material of fibers or particles.
- the additional materials have the tasks to reinforce the bush body or to improve the wear resistance and running properties of the cylinder liner.
- the modulus of elasticity in the bearing socket can be significantly increased. This has advantages in terms of the delay in operation and thus has an advantageous effect in terms of fuel and oil consumption.
- the reinforcing material materials for example the SiC particles for increasing the E-modulus, are not present in the raceway area. There would otherwise be problems regarding machinability of the raceway and wear of the friction partners, ie piston ring or piston. Different additive materials can be used simultaneously to achieve both effects at the same time.
- the reinforcing materials Si 3 N 4 , TiC, ZrO 2 and / or SiC are preferable. These can be used as particles, in particular as reinforcing fibers.
- Si particles are important as additional material for the improvement of the raceway.
- the different Al alloys with filler material from bushing body and race or tread merge into each other by the alloy compositions change in a gradient, the Al is maintained as a continuous phase.
- the engine block may have a more or less thick intermediate layer between the socket body and the Umgussmaterial.
- This is a mixing zone of cylinder liner material and the casting material.
- Such an intermediate layer is observed in particular when the cylinder liner has an outer coating or an outer material layer prior to pouring.
- This layer or layer are applied for the purpose of better connection or improved StoffSchlusses between the cylinder liner and the Umgussmaterial.
- coatings of Zn or Sn alloys are known.
- the cylinder liner for pouring into a light metal engine block itself. It has at least two different layers of material of different strength and wear resistance, the cylinder liner being in one piece of a high strength aluminum alloy sleeve or an aluminum alloy reinforced by reinforcing agent and a raceway is formed of a less solid Al-Si alloy that can be run.
- FIG. 1 The structure of a cylinder liner in cross section is shown schematically in FIG. The proportions are changed for clarity.
- the Fig.l shows a cylinder liner (1), a cylinder bore (2), a socket body (3) and a material outer layer (4).
- the layers of material merge into one another in a gradient.
- the gradients are preferably very steep, so that a pronounced layer-like or layer-like structure with a cylinder liner (2) and a bushing body (3) results.
- the thickness of the non-graded layer of the high-strength aluminum alloy is preferably above 3 mm.
- a preferred embodiment provides a socket body (3) made of particle-reinforced or unreinforced A1SÜ2, AlCu4Ti, AlCu4MgTi or AlZn4.5MgI to AlZn8MgCu and an inner material layer forming the cylinder liner (2) from one of the cast alloy A1SÜ7, AlSil ⁇ CuMgNi or AlSi25CuMgNi.
- cylinder liner provides a material outer layer (4). These can be coatings to improve the encapsulation process.
- the cylinder bore (2) and the outer material layer of the same alloy are preferred embodiments of the invention.
- the invention also relates to methods for producing a cylinder liner.
- the centrifugal casting technique is used. It is envisaged to carry out the centrifugal casting of an Al alloy with Si particles in such a way that the Si particles accumulate indoors to form an Al-Si alloy which can be processed and depleted in the outer region to form a solid aluminum alloy. This phase separation and formation of an Si gradient is possible because Si and the Al alloy differ significantly in terms of their density. Due to the centrifugal forces during spinning, the specifically lighter Si particles can float upwards or accumulate.
- the Al alloy to be spun additionally has ceramic reinforcing particles with a higher density than the Al alloy, which accumulate in the outer area during centrifugal casting.
- Preferred reinforcing particles include SiC, TiC, Si 3 N 4 and / or ZrO 2 .
- Si and SiC are suitable combinations of specific lighter and heavier particles. Due to the differences in density, in the case of hypereutectic AlSi alloy with SiC particles, the Si particles preferably accumulate on the inside and the SiC particles preferentially on the outside. This means that the Si can be used as an improvement of the raceway, while the SiC content increases to the outer edge, thus increasing the rigidity of the socket body.
- the coating of the Al tube is preferably carried out by casting aluminum alloy. Likewise, other methods are suitable. This process step can rely on cost-effective and simple processes, since it does not have to be made to measure. Even the connection between the two layers can be incomplete, since the subsequent step of coextrusion causes a mechanical alloying or a firm connection of the material layers with each other.
- the aluminum tubes can be additionally provided on the outside with a material layer (material outer layer (4)) made of an Al alloy.
- material layer material outer layer (4)
- this is essentially the same composition as the aluminum or magnesium die casting alloy for the engine block.
- the coating of the Al tube can also be done by immersion in an AlSi alloy melt, so that the socket body is covered on both sides with an AlSi alloy.
- the coated tube is extruded, whereby the wall thickness is reduced. This takes place due to the high pressure a firm mechanical connection and a welding of the different material layers.
- the coarse cylinder liner formed by coextrusion with at least two layers of material is then mechanically post-processed to adjust the final dimension.
- the aluminum tubes are preferably formed from wrought alloys, in particular extruded wrought alloy or from Al casting alloys with particle reinforcement.
- Light metal engine block with an inner material layer of a running AlSi alloy and an outer material layer of a solid Al alloy are composite casting, in which different cast melts are cast simultaneously.
- the cylinder liner can be made by stratified or graded co-thixocasting in strand form or co-extruded with the various Al alloys.
- the workable AlSi alloys are characterized by the fact that they contain crystalline and relatively coarse Si precipitates in the microstructure.
- the Si crystals are of great importance for increasing the wear resistance.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention provides, after pouring the cylinder liner into a light metal engine block perform a structuring honing the tread.
- the structuring should represent as possible the finishing of the surface.
- this finely turned raceway is honed as smoothly as possible, ie the supporting Si particles or intermetallic phases are not exposed mechanically or chemically but remain with a very thin coating of aluminum (2-10um). This allows a significant reduction in the coefficients of friction and thus the friction loss.
- a fine structure honing for example, a spiral honing introduced (fine grooves introduced in Siralform), which provide the required oil retention volume. Structure honing is thus used to form oil retention pockets or oil reservoirs for the engine oil. These are in particular formed as fine grooves or grooves, which typically run helically.
- the engine blocks with textured treads are preferably used in combination with pistons having slide-coated piston rings.
- Particularly preferred is the combination of structure-matched treads with pistons having DLC-coated piston rings.
- DLC is understood to mean diamond-like-carbon coatings, ie, diamond-like layers deposited in particular from the gas phase.
- the advantage of this combination is that the feared at high piston loads material welding between the piston rings and the Al of the tread is significantly reduced. In particular, it is thus harmless that the Si crystals are not particularly exposed. While so far smeared or distributed Al had to be removed again after honing in a further process step over the Si crystals, it can be dispensed with in the preferred combination with DLC-coated piston rings.
- coated piston rings in particular DLC-coated, ensures that seizing is avoided. It has been shown that DLC coated piston rings, the seizure safety of the structurally sound AlSi raceways, in which the Si particles were not exposed by about 100% have been improved.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200710057588 DE102007057588A1 (en) | 2007-11-28 | 2007-11-28 | Engine block with cast-in cylinder liners of several material layers and method for producing the cylinder liners |
PCT/EP2008/008357 WO2009068132A1 (en) | 2007-11-28 | 2008-11-21 | Motor block having molded cylinder sleeves comprising a plurality of material layers and method for producing the cylinder sleeves |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2214850A1 true EP2214850A1 (en) | 2010-08-11 |
EP2214850B1 EP2214850B1 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
Family
ID=40343463
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08854279.0A Not-in-force EP2214850B1 (en) | 2007-11-28 | 2008-11-21 | Method for producing cylinder liners for insert casting use of a motor block |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2214850B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2011506096A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007057588A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009068132A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3040546A1 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2016-07-06 | Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. | Engine and engine work machine provided with same |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7921901B2 (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2011-04-12 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Sacrificial sleeves for die casting aluminum alloys |
DE102010030499A1 (en) * | 2010-06-24 | 2011-12-29 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Cylinder head and thus equipped internal combustion engine |
DE102012207294A1 (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2013-11-07 | Peak-Werkstoff Gmbh | Method for producing a light metal part; Light metal part and internal combustion engine with cylinder liner made of light metal part |
DE102017111846A1 (en) | 2017-05-30 | 2018-12-06 | Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg | Process for the production of locally modified molded parts |
CN107214320B (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2019-07-16 | 浙江华业塑料机械有限公司 | A kind of production method and its processing unit (plant) of spiro rod machine tube wearing layer |
CN109940155A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-28 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | A kind of preparation method of magnesium/aluminum alloy dual-metal extruded rod |
CN111041309B (en) * | 2019-12-08 | 2020-10-16 | 江苏奇纳新材料科技有限公司 | Soluble magnesium-based alloy and preparation method thereof |
AT524755B1 (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2023-10-15 | Fill Gmbh | Casting with a first portion and a second portion with different properties, and method for producing the casting |
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- 2007-11-28 DE DE200710057588 patent/DE102007057588A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-11-21 EP EP08854279.0A patent/EP2214850B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-11-21 JP JP2010535252A patent/JP2011506096A/en active Pending
- 2008-11-21 WO PCT/EP2008/008357 patent/WO2009068132A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2009068132A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3040546A1 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2016-07-06 | Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. | Engine and engine work machine provided with same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2214850B1 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
WO2009068132A8 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
WO2009068132A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
DE102007057588A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
JP2011506096A (en) | 2011-03-03 |
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