EP2209948B1 - Procédé pour la création d'un pilier de fondation - Google Patents

Procédé pour la création d'un pilier de fondation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2209948B1
EP2209948B1 EP07866762.3A EP07866762A EP2209948B1 EP 2209948 B1 EP2209948 B1 EP 2209948B1 EP 07866762 A EP07866762 A EP 07866762A EP 2209948 B1 EP2209948 B1 EP 2209948B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hole
stage
fact
soil
aforementioned
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EP07866762.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2209948A1 (fr
Inventor
Renato Canteri
Claudio Melotti
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CANTERI, RENATO
Melotti Claudio
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/28—Stressing the soil or the foundation structure while forming foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/48—Foundations inserted underneath existing buildings or constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E02D3/123—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil and compacting the soil

Definitions

  • the subject of this invention is a method for the creation of a foundation pile.
  • Foundation pilings are normally used to increase the load-bearing capacity of building foundations, whether they are buildings, bridges, etc. ...
  • Foundation pilings may be created before a building is erected or later (for example, following collapses occurring in the interim).
  • foundation piles are created by making a hole in the ground, inserting a tubular casing and then filling it with a cement-based cast.
  • the foundation piles are pre-fabricated rigid elements - in many cases, modular - that are inserted into the soil at the foundations, either by being driven in directly or through the prior creation of a vertical hole.
  • foundation piles are described, for example, in the patents WO 2005/028759 , GB 2150612 , US 975488 , US 1366179 , US 5713701 , EP 0413422 , GB 2179083 , GB 2299360 , GB 2351516 , GB 521683 , US 5228807 , US 5288175 , GB 1213548 , US 5228806 , GB 2261456 , US 3820347 , GB 2330370 , EP 0758699 , DE194125 , GB 1592591 , JP 8246448 and EP 0056287 .
  • FR2123821 discloses a process for making foundations for lightweight constructions as pavilions and the preamble of claim 1.
  • an elastically-deformable membrane is used for enlarging a bottom end of a hole made in the soil.
  • a space between the deformable membrane and the hole is filled with grout before the enlarging phase and, after curing of the grout, the chamber formed by the deformable membrane is filled with concrete.
  • This process is rather complex and slow, because it requires waiting times both for curing of the grout and for curing of the concrete.
  • piles as known require relatively large holes to be made in the foundations of the building (holes with dimensions substantially corresponding to that of the pile section).
  • the technical task at the basis of this invention is to devise a method for the creation of a foundation pile to overcome the problems mentioned above.
  • the first necessary stage for the creation of a foundation pile 1 includes the creation, in the soil 3, of a hole 4 with a generally vertical development axis and its own pre-determined cross section.
  • the hole 4 can be created.
  • the hole 4 can be made by boring with a drill 5 (solution illustrated in Figure 1 ) with or without removal of the material.
  • a drill 5 solution illustrated in Figure 1
  • the depth of the hole 4 needs to be established beforehand using known methods.
  • the execution of the hole 4 in the soil 3 may occur by driving without removing any material.
  • a boring head with a section corresponding to the hole 4 to be made This is planted into the soil 3 by percussion or thrust on a shaft connected to the head. Shafts with a section less than that of the bit are preferably used (to prevent lateral friction) which, in the event that there is little available space, can be comprised of modular jointed elements.
  • the depth of the hole 4 is decided while work is ongoing, given that the head driving proceeds until the resistance of the soil 3 reaches a pre-set limit which is considered to be sufficient (normally a depth of several metres). At this point, the shaft is separated from the head and retracted from the hole 4.
  • the creation of the foundation pile 1 can occur either before a building is commenced or at a later stage (while building work is ongoing or after the building has been completed).
  • the hole 4 is made directly in the soil 3, starting from the foundation bed.
  • the hole 4 is also made through the foundations 2 of the building (case illustrated in the annexed figures).
  • this invention foresees a stage of compacting the soil 3 around the hole 4, which occurs by widening the cross section of the hole 4 itself ( Figures 2 to 4 ).
  • the purpose of this stage is, on one hand, to create a side wall for the hole 4, which is both compact and substantially free of communication passages with the interstices in the soil 3 around it, and on the other hand, of increasing the load-bearing capacity of the soil around the hole itself.
  • the increased capacity will depend on the extent of the widening action on the hole as well as on the type of soil concerned.
  • the compaction stage takes place without removing material and foresees the compression of the soil 3 in outgoing radial directions compared to the development axis of the hole 4.
  • the embodiment illustrated in the annexed figures shows that this is achieved by inserting into the hole 4 at least one fluid dilator 6 (pneumatic or hydraulic), which is made to expand radially by supplying it with a pressurised working fluid (such as air, water, oil, etc.).
  • a pressurised working fluid such as air, water, oil, etc.
  • the fluid dilator 6 can advantageously be comprised of a dilating pipe 7 (made in rubber, etc., for example and reinforced, if necessary, with metal inserts) closed at the top end by a fitting 8 to supply the working fluid, and at the bottom by a closing element 9. Moreover, it can be foreseen for the dilator 6 to be made in such a way that, as it dilates, it may be subject to a certain shortening.
  • compaction may be planned for several successive stages, gradually moving the dilator 6 along the development axis of the hole 4, as illustrated as an example in the annexed figures, where compaction takes place in two successive stages (positions in Figures 2 and 4 ).
  • a single preferred embodiment includes the making of an initial hole 4 with a diameter of 30 mm, and a subsequent dilation stage up to 55 mm, using a first dilator 6 with a section a little under 30 mm.
  • a further widening is foreseen (with resulting compaction) using a dilator 6 with a section just under 55 mm, able to take the section of the hole 4 up to 95 mm.
  • each dilator 6 is generally able to increase the section of the hole 4 by a little under twice as much.
  • the method that is the subject of this invention includes a stage of pouring at least one solidifiable filler inside the hole 4, leaving said filler to cure until the column structure defining the foundation pile 1 is obtained.
  • the filler may be liquid or semi liquid.
  • the filler is comprised of an expanding resin 12, given that, in view of its expansion, this product is able to adhere to the soil 3 in the best possible manner.
  • the plug 13 has been made level with the section of the hole 4 obtained through the foundations 2, for example, cementing the injection pipe 14 in this section of the hole 4.
  • the positioning stage for the injection pipe 14 can be carried out so as to place the bottom end of the injection pipe 14 at a pre-defined depth inside the hole 4.
  • the bottom end of the injection pipe 14 is positioned level with the plug 13, in other embodiments, it may be positioned halfway down the hole 4, in proximity to the bottom section of same, etc.
  • the bottom end of each is positioned at a different depth.
  • the injection pipe 14 Once the injection pipe 14 has been positioned, it is connected to a supply unit 15 for the resins 12, which then proceeds to fill the hole 4.
  • the casting stage is carried out using high-density expanding resins 12 (advantageously between 300 and 500 kg/m3), with an expansion coefficient of less than four (preferably between two and three times) and with curing times (solidification) of between 40 and 80 seconds.
  • high-density expanding resins 12 advantageousously between 300 and 500 kg/m3
  • an expansion coefficient of less than four preferably between two and three times
  • curing times (solidification) of between 40 and 80 seconds preferably, in this way, it is possible to create piles with a high degree of compressive strength (even in the range of 150-200 kg/cm2).
  • this insertion stage may include the insertion into the hole 4 of a reinforcement support 16 and/or aggregates 17 (such as washed, fine gravel).
  • the reinforcement support 16 may be formed by a complex structure as in Figure 7 , or by simple bars, tubes or round elements; it can be made in metal or manmade fibres.
  • the reinforcement support 16 is sunken into a matrix formed by the hardened resin 12 used to define the column structure of the pile.
  • This invention presents significant advantages.
  • the method that is the subject of this invention means it is possible to realise foundation piles simply, quickly, with little effort and at relatively little cost.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Un procédé pour la création d'un pilier de fondation (1) qui comprend les phases opérationnelles consistant à :
    pratiquer un trou (4) dans le sol (3) avec un axe de développement et une section qui lui est propre ;
    après avoir pratiqué le trou (4), compacter le sol (3) autour dudit trou (4) en élargissant la section du trou (4) proprement dit ; cette phase comprenant une première phase consistant à introduire un dilatateur à fluide (6) dans le trou (4) et une deuxième phase consistant à alimenter le dilatateur à fluide (6) avec un fluide de travail sous pression pour la compression radiale du sol (3) autour du trou (4) par expansion radiale du dilatateur à fluide (6) ;
    ôter le dilatateur à fluide (6) du trou (4) ;
    après quoi, couler dans le trou (4) au moins un matériau de remplissage solidifiable ;
    laisser durcir le matériau de remplissage afin d'obtenir une structure en colonne définissant le pilier de fondation (1) ;
    dans lequel la phase consistant à alimenter le dilatateur à fluide (6) avec un fluide de travail sous pression pour la compression radiale du sol (3) autour du trou (4) est effectuée de manière à obtenir une bande de sol compacté autour du trou (4) ;
    caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un matériau de remplissage solidifiable est constitué d'une résine expansive (12), et en ce que la phase de coulage est effectuée en coulant dans le trou (4) la résine expansive (12) de manière à ce qu'elle adhère au sol (3).
  2. Le procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite phase de compactage a lieu sans enlèvement de matériau.
  3. Le procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la phase de compactage susmentionnée comprend la compression du sol (3) dans des directions radiales sortantes par rapport à l'axe de développement du trou (4).
  4. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la phase de compactage susmentionnée a lieu via un certain nombre d'élargissements successifs de la section du trou (4).
  5. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la phase de coulage susmentionnée comprend l'injection dans le trou (4) de résines expansives à haute densité (12).
  6. Le procédé selon la revendication 5 précédente, caractérisé en ce que la phase de coulage susmentionnée comprend l'injection dans le trou (4) de résines expansives (12) ayant une densité comprise entre 300 et 500 kg/m3.
  7. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications de 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la phase de coulage susmentionnée comprend l'injection dans le trou (4) de résines expansives (12) ayant un coefficient de dilatation inférieur à quatre.
  8. Le procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la phase de coulage susmentionnée comprend l'injection dans le trou (4) de résines expansives (12) ayant un coefficient de dilatation compris entre deux et trois.
  9. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la phase susmentionnée consistant à pratiquer un trou (4) dans le sol (3) comprend la création dudit trou (4) également à travers les fondations (2) d'un bâtiment et en ce que la phase susmentionnée consistant à élargir la section du trou (4) n'affecte pas la partie du trou (4) réalisée à travers les fondations (2).
  10. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, avant la phase de coulage, une phase consistant à réaliser un bouchon (13) de niveau avec l'extrémité supérieure du trou (4) et à positionner, à travers ce bouchon (13), au moins un conduit d'injection (14).
  11. Le procédé selon les revendications 9 et 10, caractérisé en ce que ledit bouchon (13) est réalisé de niveau avec la section du trou (4) réalisé à travers les fondations (2).
  12. Le procédé selon les revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que ladite phase de positionnement du conduit d'injection (14) est effectuée de manière à ce que l'extrémité inférieure du conduit d'injection (14) soit positionnée à une profondeur prédéfinie à l'intérieur dudit trou (4).
  13. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend aussi, avant la phase de coulage, une phase consistant à introduire un matériau pour renforcer le pilier de fondation (1) dans le trou (4).
  14. Le procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la phase susmentionnée d'introduction de matériau comprend l'introduction d'une structure de renforcement (16) dans le trou (4).
  15. Le procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la phase susmentionnée d'introduction de matériau comprend l'introduction de matériaux pierreux (17) dans le trou (4).
  16. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la phase susmentionnée consistant à pratiquer un trou (4) dans le sol (3) a lieu par perçage avec enlèvement du matériau.
  17. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la phase susmentionnée consistant à pratiquer un trou (4) dans le sol (3) a lieu par forage, avec ou sans enlèvement de matériau.
EP07866762.3A 2007-11-16 2007-11-16 Procédé pour la création d'un pilier de fondation Active EP2209948B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2007/000808 WO2009063513A1 (fr) 2007-11-16 2007-11-16 Procédé pour la création d'un pilier de fondation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2209948A1 EP2209948A1 (fr) 2010-07-28
EP2209948B1 true EP2209948B1 (fr) 2015-07-15

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WO (1) WO2009063513A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114908812B (zh) * 2022-06-21 2024-03-19 广东电网有限责任公司 一种隧道下穿浅薄基础输电塔的地层变形控制系统
CN114960788A (zh) * 2022-06-21 2022-08-30 广东电网有限责任公司 一种隧道下穿桩基础杆塔控制地层变形设备

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3099911A (en) * 1958-10-08 1963-08-06 Lee A Turzillo Means of grouting or concreting
DE1484448A1 (de) * 1964-08-12 1969-10-16 Dorendorf Heinrich H Verdraengungsbohrgeraet,gleichzeitig als Bohrgeraet und Fuellgutschuettrohr mit nochmaliger Bodenverdraengung beim Verfuellen,zum Herstellen von Ortbetonpfaehlen,Bodenverfestigungen und zum Heben von Strassenfahrbahnplatten
FR2123821A5 (fr) * 1971-02-02 1972-09-15 Brami Pierre
DE3332256C2 (de) * 1983-02-26 1986-02-27 MC-Bauchemie Müller GmbH & Co, Chemische Fabrik, 4300 Essen Verfahren zum Verfestigen von oberflächennahen Bodenschichten, insbesondere des Untergrundes von Baugruben
JPS59130910A (ja) * 1983-10-20 1984-07-27 Japanese National Railways<Jnr> 線路地盤の強化工法
DE4319239C2 (de) * 1993-06-09 1997-07-17 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Nachgründung tragender Bauwerkteile oder von Fundamentteilen
EP1536069B1 (fr) * 2003-11-25 2005-12-21 Uretek S.r.l. Procédé de stabilisation du sol pour fondations

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EP2209948A1 (fr) 2010-07-28
WO2009063513A1 (fr) 2009-05-22

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