EP2204420A1 - Synthetic resin composition and automotive interior/exterior material - Google Patents
Synthetic resin composition and automotive interior/exterior material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2204420A1 EP2204420A1 EP08840816A EP08840816A EP2204420A1 EP 2204420 A1 EP2204420 A1 EP 2204420A1 EP 08840816 A EP08840816 A EP 08840816A EP 08840816 A EP08840816 A EP 08840816A EP 2204420 A1 EP2204420 A1 EP 2204420A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- synthetic resin
- resin composition
- composition according
- carbon atoms
- tert
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 7
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- UKJARPDLRWBRAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1NCCCCCCNC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 UKJARPDLRWBRAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- 0 *NCCCNCCN(*)CCCN* Chemical compound *NCCCNCCN(*)CCCN* 0.000 description 2
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1O NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 2
- FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisoctrizole Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=NN1C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)O)=C1O FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N indanthrone blue Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=C4NC5=C6C(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7C(=O)C6=CC=C5NC4=C3C(=O)C2=C1 UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGMCRJZYVLHHHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1 QGMCRJZYVLHHHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMZUHGYZWYNSOA-VVBFYGJXSA-N (1r)-1-[(4r,4ar,8as)-2,6-diphenyl-4,4a,8,8a-tetrahydro-[1,3]dioxino[5,4-d][1,3]dioxin-4-yl]ethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound C([C@@H]1OC(O[C@@H]([C@@H]1O1)[C@H](O)CO)C=2C=CC=CC=2)OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 FMZUHGYZWYNSOA-VVBFYGJXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEYCMBWKTZNPDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) benzoate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YEYCMBWKTZNPDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMUOXOJMXILBTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 JMUOXOJMXILBTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJYSXRBJOSZLEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4-ditert-butylphenyl) 3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 KJYSXRBJOSZLEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUYIZQZWDFCUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (pentadecachlorophthalocyaninato(2-))-copper Chemical class [Cu+2].N1=C([N-]2)C3=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C3C2=NC(C2=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C22)=NC2=NC(C2=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C22)=NC2=NC2=C(C(Cl)=C(C(Cl)=C3)Cl)C3=C1[N-]2 GUYIZQZWDFCUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTVSTXBMSHWVAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(2,5-ditert-butylphenyl)-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol dihydroxyphosphanyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound OP(O)OP(O)O.C(C)(C)(C)C1=C(C=C(C=C1)C(C)(C)C)C(O)(C(CO)(CO)CO)C1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C UTVSTXBMSHWVAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APQIUTYORBAGEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dibromoethane Chemical compound CC(Br)Br APQIUTYORBAGEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNQNXQYZMPJLQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CN2C(N(CC=3C=C(C(O)=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)N(CC=3C=C(C(O)=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C2=O)=O)=C1 VNQNXQYZMPJLQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFEXFIMXNKZYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-2,3-di(tridecyl)butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound CN1C(CC(CC1(C)C)C(C(C(C(C(=O)O)C1CC(N(C(C1)(C)C)C)(C)C)(C(=O)O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)(C(=O)O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)O)(C)C LFEXFIMXNKZYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXWDJHCUJLGPGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxycarbonylbutane-1,1,2-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound CCC(C(=O)O)C(C(=O)O)(C(=O)O)C(=O)OC1CC(N(C(C1)(C)C)C)(C)C XXWDJHCUJLGPGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-methoxy-3-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethanone Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1CN1CCCCC1 OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXGLGDHPHMLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxybenzone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DXGLGDHPHMLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012736 patent blue V Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940053834 phenol / resorcinol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- FCJSHPDYVMKCHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 FCJSHPDYVMKCHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000969 phenyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000874 polytetramethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001054 red pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDESWOTWNNGOMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol monobenzoate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(OC(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GDESWOTWNNGOMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VVNRQZDDMYBBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium 1-[(1-sulfonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]naphthalen-2-olate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=CC2=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(N=NC3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3O)=CC=C21 VVNRQZDDMYBBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical class [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZHROMWXOTYBIMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,3,7,9-tetratert-butyl-11-oxido-5h-benzo[d][1,3,2]benzodioxaphosphocine 11-oxide Chemical compound [Na+].C1C2=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C2OP([O-])(=O)OC2=C1C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C2C(C)(C)C ZHROMWXOTYBIMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- REENPYPZHGUSQE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;bis(2,4-ditert-butylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP([O-])(=O)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C REENPYPZHGUSQE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYKHQQHUHLNYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) butane-1,1,1,2-tetracarboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)C(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)C(CC)C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 NYKHQQHUHLNYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019303 thiodipropionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N thioindigo Chemical compound S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZIRZNRQHFVCDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L titan yellow Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C1=C(C)C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C2SC(C3=CC=C(C=C3)/N=N/NC3=CC=C(C=C3)C3=NC4=CC=C(C(=C4S3)S([O-])(=O)=O)C)=NC2=C1 CZIRZNRQHFVCDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP(OCCCC)OCCCC XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCC IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUPYNGCJRYOPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,5-ditert-butylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C(OP(OC=2C(=CC=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC=2C(=CC=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 AUPYNGCJRYOPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILLOBGFGKYTZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(OCC(CC)CCCC)OCC(CC)CCCC ILLOBGFGKYTZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZNDMMGBXUYFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(dodecylsulfanyl)phosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCSP(SCCCCCCCCCCCC)SCCCCCCCCCCCC JZNDMMGBXUYFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRSPWQHUHVRNFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[3,5-di(nonyl)phenyl] phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC(OP(OC=2C=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=2)OC=2C=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=2)=C1 WRSPWQHUHVRNFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWGJCIMEBVHMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;6-oxido-4-sulfo-5-[(4-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=CC=C2C(N=NC3=C4C(=CC(=CC4=CC=C3O)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=C1 SWGJCIMEBVHMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UIYCHXAGWOYNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl sulfide Chemical group C=CSC=C UIYCHXAGWOYNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3412—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
- C08K5/3432—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3435—Piperidines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
- C08K5/134—Phenols containing ester groups
- C08K5/1345—Carboxylic esters of phenolcarboxylic acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a synthetic resin composition and an automotive interior/exterior material, more particularly, to a synthetic resin composition, whose weather resistance is highly improved by combining a certain hindered amine compound and a certain benzoate compound, as well as an automotive interior/exterior material containing the synthetic resin composition.
- Patent Document 6 has proposed phenyl benzoate and alkyl benzoate as benzoate type ultraviolet absorbers.
- Patent Documents 7 to 11 have proposed a combined use of a certain hindered amine compound and a benzoate type ultraviolet absorber.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic resin composition having better weather resistance than ever, and an automotive interior/exterior material using the same.
- the present inventors have intensively studied to meet the object, and have finally found that a combination of a certain hindered amine compound and a certain benzoate type ultraviolet absorber can exhibit unprecedentedly excellent weather resistance, thereby completing the present invention.
- a synthetic resin composition according to the present invention comprises a hindered amine compound (A) having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (1): (wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, the alkyl group being optionally substituted by a hydroxy group, or a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms) in an amount of 0.01 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the synthetic resin composition; and a benzoate compound (B) represented by the following general formula (2): (wherein R 5 and R 6 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R 7 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon
- the component mass ratio of the hindered amine compound (A) to the benzoate compound (B), namely ⁇ (A) / (B) ⁇ , is preferably between 1/2 and 1/4.
- a preferable hindered amine compound is exemplified a compound represented by the following general formula (3): (wherein R 8 represents the same as the R above). Futher, the R 7 in the general formula (2) is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- polyolefin resins can be favorably exemplified, and a polyethylene resin, a polypropylene resin or an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin is preferable.
- An automotive interior/exterior material according to the present invention comprises the afore-described synthetic resin composition.
- the present invention can provide a synthetic resin composition having better weather resistance than ever, and an automotive interior/exterior material using the same.
- Examples of a synthetic resin to be used according to the present invention include in the form of a thermoplastic resin: polyolefins or copolymers thereof, including ⁇ -olefin polymers, such as polypropylene, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polybutene-1 and poly-4-methylpentene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and ethylene-propylene copolymers; halogen-containing resins, such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, chlorinated rubber, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymers, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymers, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride-vinyl acetate terpolymers, vinyl chloride-acrylic acid ester copolymers, vinyl chloride-maleic acid ester
- thermosetting resin phenol resins, urea resins, melamine resins, epoxy resins, and unsaturated polyester resins.
- elastomers such as isoprene rubbers, butadiene rubbers, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubbers, and styrene-butadiene copolymer rubbers, may be used.
- synthetic resins polyolefin resins, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-propylene copolymer resins, are preferable for the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention.
- the synthetic resins can be used irrespective of the specific gravity, average molecular weight, melt viscosity, monomer composition, insoluble rate in a solvent, existence or nonexistence or type of stereoregularity, shape and size at the completion of the polymerization, type of a catalyst used for the polymerization, existence or nonexistence or method of a residual catalyst deactivation or removal treatment, existence or nonexistence, type, or concentration of a residual metal or acid component in the resin originated from a catalyst.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 of the hindered amine compound (A) used for the present invention containing the partial structure represented by the general formula (1) include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl and tert-butyl.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms represented by R in the general formula (1) include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, nonyl, isononyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl.
- Examples of an alkyl group substituted by a hydroxy group include groups that correspond to the above-exemplified alkyl groups but substituted by a hydroxy group, such as 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl and 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms represented by R in the general formula (1) include cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl.
- hindered amine compound having a partial structure represented by the general formula (1) include the following Compounds No. 1 to 6, provided that the present invention should not be construed to be limited by the following compounds in any manner.
- the Compound No. 1 is preferable in view of especailly high imparting activity of weather resistance.
- the benzoate compound (B) used for the present invention is represented by the general formula (2), wherein R 5 and R 6 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R 7 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms.
- R 5 and R 6 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 7 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms.
- R 7 is an alkyl group, because it is superior in the weather resistance improving activity for a curable resin composition according to the present invention.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms represented by R 5 and R 6 in the general formula (2) include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R 7 in the general formula (2) include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl.
- arylalkyl group is phenylmethyl exemplified.
- benzoate compound represented by the general formula (2) include the following Compounds No. 7 to 15, provided that the present invention should not be construed to be limited by the following compounds.
- To the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention are added, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the synthetic resin, 0.01 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass of a hindered amine compound (A); and 0.01 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass of a benzoate compound (B) ; at a component mass ratio of (A) / (B) between 1/1 and 1/5, and preferably between 1/2 and 1/4.
- hindered amine compound (A) is less than 0.01 part by mass, desirable stabilizing activity cannot be obtained, and reversely, in case it is beyond 20 parts by mass the appearance of the resin composition is deteriorated by blooming while stabilizing activity is not improved substantially.
- benzoate compound (B) is less than 0.01 part by mass, there is no stabilizing activity, and in case it is beyond 20 parts by mass, the physical properties of the resin may be debased, or the appearance of the resin composition may be deteriorated by blooming.
- the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention may contain in combination, as necessary, other additives, such as a phenolic antioxidant, a phosphorus-containing antioxidant, a sulfur-containing antioxidant, another ultraviolet absorber, another hindered amine compound, a nucleating agent, a fire retardant, a fire retardant aid, a processing aid, such as ethylenebis stearic acid amide and erucic acid amide, a pigment, a filler, a plasticizer, a metallic soap, hydrotalcites, and an antistatic agent.
- additives such as a phenolic antioxidant, a phosphorus-containing antioxidant, a sulfur-containing antioxidant, another ultraviolet absorber, another hindered amine compound, a nucleating agent, a fire retardant, a fire retardant aid, a processing aid, such as ethylenebis stearic acid amide and erucic acid amide, a pigment, a filler, a plasticizer, a metallic soap, hydrotalcites, and an antistatic agent.
- phenolic antioxidant examples include 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol, stearyl(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, distearyl(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phosphonate, tridecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylthioacetate, thiodiethylene bis[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate], 4,4'-thio-bis(6-tert-butyl-m-cresol), 2-octylthio-4,6-di(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-s-triazine, 2,2'-methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylpenol), bis[3,3
- Examples of the phosphorus-containing antioxidant include triphenyl phosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert- butylphenyl) phosphite, tris(2,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite, tris(dinonylphenyl) phosphite, tris(mono- and di-nonylphenyl)phosphite, diphenyl acid phosphite, 2,2'-methylene bis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl) octyl phosphite, diphenyl decyl phosphite, diphenyl octyl phosphite, di(nonylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, phenyldiisodecyl phosphi
- sulfur-containing antioxidant examples include dialkyl thiodipropionates, such as dilauryl, dimyristyl, myristyl stearyl, and distearyl esters of thiodipropionic acid; and ⁇ -alkylmercaptopropionic acids esters of polyols, such as pentaerythritol tetra( ⁇ -dodecyl mercaptopropionate).
- Examples of another ultraviolet absorber include 2-hydroxy benzophenones, such as 2,4-dihydroxy benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octoxy benzophenone, and 5,5'-methylene bis(2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone); 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazoles, such as 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dicumylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2,2'-methylene bis(4-tert-octyl-6-benzotriazolylphenol), a polyethylene glycol ester of 2-(
- Examples of another hindered amine compound include 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl benzoate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)butanetetracarboxylate, tetrakis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl butanetetracarboxylate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) di(tridecyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)di(tridecyl)-1,2,
- nucleating agent examples include metal salts of an aromatic carboxylic acid, such as aluminum p-tert-butyl benzoate, and sodium benzoate; metal salts of an acidic phosphate ester, such as sodium bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate, lithium bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate, and sodium 2,2'-methylene-bis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate; and polyhydric alcohol derivatives, such as dibenzylidene sorbitol, and bis(methylbenzylidene)sorbitol.
- metal salts of an aromatic carboxylic acid such as aluminum p-tert-butyl benzoate, and sodium benzoate
- metal salts of an acidic phosphate ester such as sodium bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate, lithium bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl
- the fire retardant examples include halogen type fire retardants, such as tetrabromobisphenol A and decabromodiphenyl ether; phosphorus type fire retardants based on inorganic phosphorus compounds, such as red phosphorus and melamine phosphate, and phosphate compounds, such as triphenyl phosphate, a phenol / resorcinol / phosphoric acid condensate, and a bisphenol A / 2,6-xylenol / phosphoric acid condensate; inorganic fire retardants, such as magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide; and nitrogen-containing compounds, such as melamine cyanurate.
- the fire retardant should preferably be used in combination with a fire retardant aid, such as antimony oxide, or a drip-preventing agent, such as a fluorine-contained resin, and a silicone resin.
- the pigment may be organic as well as inorganic, and examples thereof include white pigments, such as titanium oxide, and zinc sulfide; black pigments, such as carbon black; green pigments, such as chromium oxide, chrome green, zinc green, chlorinated copper phthalocyanine green, phthalocyanine green, naphthol green, and malachite green lake; blue pigments, such as ultramarine, iron blue, copper phthalocyanine blue, cobalt blue, phthalocyanine blue, fast sky blue, and indanthrene blue; red pigments, such as red lead, red iron oxide, basic zinc chromate, chrome vermilion, cadmium red, rose red, brilliant carmine, brilliant scarlet, quinacridone red, lithol red, vermilion, thioindigo red, and mingamiya red; and yellow pigments, such as chrome yellow, zinc yellow, yellow iron oxide, titan yellow, fast yellow, hansa yellow, auramine lake, benzidine yellow, and indanthrene yellow.
- fillers are used glass fibers, talc, silica, calcium carbonate, etc.
- the surfaces of the fillers are preferably treated by a titanium-based or silane-based surface treatment agent to improve compatibility with resin.
- the metallic soap are used salts between a metal, such as magnesium, calcium, aluminum, and zinc, and a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, and oleic acid.
- the soap can be used irrespective of the water content, melting point, particle size, composition of the fatty acids, selection of the production process between a metathetical process by a reaction of an alkali metal salt of a fatty acid with a metal oxide or hydroxide, and a direct process by a neutralization reaction of a fatty acid with a metal oxide or hydroxide in the presence or absence of a solvent, or whether either of the fatty acid or the metal is in excess.
- the hydrotalcites both natural products and synthetic products can be used, and products modified by an alkali metal such as lithium can be also used.
- the product having a composition represented by the following general formula (4) is preferable: ZnxMgyAl 2 (OH) 2 (x+y+2) CO 3 •nH 2 O (4) (wherein x is 0 to 3, y is 1 to 6, x+y is 4 to 6, and n is 0 to 10).
- the product can be used irrespective of the existence or nonexistence of crystal water or surface treatment.
- smaller size is preferable insofar as the properties of the hydrotalcite should not be lost. If the particle size is large, dispersibility becomes inadequate to decrease stabilizing activity, and the physical properties of a resulted product resin composition, such as mechanical strengths and transparency, will be compromised.
- Addition of the ingredients into a resin may be carried out according to a conventional process, such as a process in which each ingredient is mixed independently into the resin by, for example, a Henschel mixer and supplied to a processing machine; a process in which ingredients other than the resin are mixed preliminarily in a given combination, formed into powder or granule and added to the resin; a process in which master pellets containing high concentration ingredients in a resin are added to the resin; and a process in which ingredients are fed to the resin through a feeding port different from the port for the resin using an extruder having a plurality of feeding ports.
- a conventional process such as a process in which each ingredient is mixed independently into the resin by, for example, a Henschel mixer and supplied to a processing machine; a process in which ingredients other than the resin are mixed preliminarily in a given combination, formed into powder or granule and added to the resin; a process in which master pellets containing high concentration ingredients in a resin are added to the resin;
- the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention can be molded by a conventional process, such as extrusion molding, injection molding, compression molding, and laminate molding.
- haze should not appear in a weather resistance evaluation described below, and the gloss should be not less than 30, preferably not less than 35. Decrease of the gloss means generation of cracks on the surface, which further means deterioration of the mechanical strengths as well as the appearance.
- the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention can be used for general interior/exterior materials, preferably for interior/exterior materials of transport vehicle, and further preferably for the use exposed to outdoor radiation, such as automotive interior/exterior materials to be subjected to severe environments.
- automotive interior/exterior materials include exterior materials for a bumper, a spoiler, a side visor, a cowl vent grille, a radiator grille, a side molding and a rear panel garnish, and interior materials for an instrument panel, a ceiling, a door, a seat and a luggage room.
- the weather resistance of a test piece was evaluated by means of the time to cracking (hr), the residual rate of gloss (%) and the color difference ( ⁇ E) by a xenon irradiation test (conditions: UV irradiation intensity 0.55 W/m 2 , wavelength 340 nm, black panel temperature 89°C, and with a quartz filter).
- the present invention can provide a synthetic resin composition having excellent weather resistance and automotive interior/exterior materials using the same.
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Abstract
The invention provides a synthetic resin composition having better weather resistance than ever, and an automotive interior/exterior material using the same.
The synthetic resin composition contains a hindered amine compound (A) having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (1):
in an amount of 0.01 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the synthetic resin; and a benzoate compound (B) represented by the following general formula (2):
in an amount of 0.01 to 20 parts by mass with respect to the same, at a component mass ratio of (A) / (B) between 1/1 and 1/5.
In the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention, the component mass ratio of the hindered amine compound (A) to the benzoate compound (B), namely {(A) / (B)}, is preferably between 1/2 and 1/4.
Description
- The present invention relates to a synthetic resin composition and an automotive interior/exterior material, more particularly, to a synthetic resin composition, whose weather resistance is highly improved by combining a certain hindered amine compound and a certain benzoate compound, as well as an automotive interior/exterior material containing the synthetic resin composition.
- Since a synthetic resin is degraded by light and not endurable for a long-term use, stabilization by adding a hindered amine compound or an ultraviolet absorber is prevailing.
- Various hindered amine compounds, in addition to the exemplified compounds disclosed in the following Patent Documents 1 to 5, have been proposed.
- Similarly, various ultraviolet absorbers, such as benzotriazole type ultraviolet absorbers, benzophenone type ultraviolet absorbers, and benzoate type ultraviolet absorbers, have been known. For example, Patent Document 6 has proposed phenyl benzoate and alkyl benzoate as benzoate type ultraviolet absorbers.
- Furthermore, it has been broadly known that a highly stabilized resin composition can be obtained by a combined use of additives. For example, the following Patent Documents 7 to 11 have proposed a combined use of a certain hindered amine compound and a benzoate type ultraviolet absorber.
- Patent Document 1: Japanese Examined Patent Application Publication No.
46-42618 - Patent Document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
48-65180 - Patent Document 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
59-62651 - Patent Document 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
1-113368 - Patent Document 5: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
2-166138 - Patent Document 6: Japanese Examined Patent Application Publication No.
41-565 - Patent Document 7: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
11-310667 - Patent Document 8: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
11-106577 - Patent Document 9: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
2000-136271 - Patent Document 10: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
2000-159945 - Patent Document 11: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
2004-210987 - Patent Document 11: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
2005-054105 - However, requirements of the weather resistance for an automotive interior/exterior material and the like have become severer recently, and the use of a conventional hindered amine compound or ultraviolet absorber, or even a combination thereof has not become satisfactory enough.
- Under such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic resin composition having better weather resistance than ever, and an automotive interior/exterior material using the same.
- The present inventors have intensively studied to meet the object, and have finally found that a combination of a certain hindered amine compound and a certain benzoate type ultraviolet absorber can exhibit unprecedentedly excellent weather resistance, thereby completing the present invention.
- That is, a synthetic resin composition according to the present invention comprises a hindered amine compound (A) having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (1):
and a benzoate compound (B) represented by the following general formula (2):
- In the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention, the component mass ratio of the hindered amine compound (A) to the benzoate compound (B), namely {(A) / (B)}, is preferably between 1/2 and 1/4. Further, as a preferable hindered amine compound is exemplified a compound represented by the following general formula (3):
- An automotive interior/exterior material according to the present invention comprises the afore-described synthetic resin composition.
- The present invention can provide a synthetic resin composition having better weather resistance than ever, and an automotive interior/exterior material using the same.
- The present invention will be described in more details below.
- Examples of a synthetic resin to be used according to the present invention include in the form of a thermoplastic resin: polyolefins or copolymers thereof, including α-olefin polymers, such as polypropylene, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polybutene-1 and poly-4-methylpentene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and ethylene-propylene copolymers; halogen-containing resins, such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, chlorinated rubber, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymers, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymers, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride-vinyl acetate terpolymers, vinyl chloride-acrylic acid ester copolymers, vinyl chloride-maleic acid ester copolymers, and vinyl chloride-cyclohexyl maleimide copolymers; petroleum resins; coumarone resins; polystyrene; polyvinyl acetate; acrylic resins; copolymers of either or both of styrene and α-methylstyrene with other monomer(s), (e.g. maleic anhydride, phenylmaleimide, methyl methacrylate, butadiene, and acrylonitrile), such as AS resins, ABS resins, MBS resins, and heat resistant ABS resins; polymethyl methacrylate; polyvinyl alcohol; polyvinyl formal; polyvinyl butyral; linear polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate and polytetramethylene terephthalate; polyphenylene oxide; polyamides, such as polycaprolactam and polyhexamethylene adipamide; polycarbonate; branched polycarbonate; polyacetal; polyphenylene sulfide; polyurethane; and cellulosic resins; and mixtures thereof; as well as in the form of a thermosetting resin: phenol resins, urea resins, melamine resins, epoxy resins, and unsaturated polyester resins. Furthermore, elastomers, such as isoprene rubbers, butadiene rubbers, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubbers, and styrene-butadiene copolymer rubbers, may be used. Among the afore-listed synthetic resins, polyolefin resins, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-propylene copolymer resins, are preferable for the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention.
- The synthetic resins can be used irrespective of the specific gravity, average molecular weight, melt viscosity, monomer composition, insoluble rate in a solvent, existence or nonexistence or type of stereoregularity, shape and size at the completion of the polymerization, type of a catalyst used for the polymerization, existence or nonexistence or method of a residual catalyst deactivation or removal treatment, existence or nonexistence, type, or concentration of a residual metal or acid component in the resin originated from a catalyst.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms represented by R1, R2, R3 and R4 of the hindered amine compound (A) used for the present invention containing the partial structure represented by the general formula (1) include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl and tert-butyl.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms represented by R in the general formula (1) include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, nonyl, isononyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl. Examples of an alkyl group substituted by a hydroxy group include groups that correspond to the above-exemplified alkyl groups but substituted by a hydroxy group, such as 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl and 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms represented by R in the general formula (1) include cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl.
- Specific examples of the hindered amine compound having a partial structure represented by the general formula (1) include the following Compounds No. 1 to 6, provided that the present invention should not be construed to be limited by the following compounds in any manner.
- Among the above-described specific examples, the Compound No. 1 is preferable in view of especailly high imparting activity of weather resistance.
- The benzoate compound (B) used for the present invention is represented by the general formula (2), wherein R5 and R6 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R7 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms. Especially preferable is a compound whose R7 is an alkyl group, because it is superior in the weather resistance improving activity for a curable resin composition according to the present invention.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms represented by R5 and R6 in the general formula (2) include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R7 in the general formula (2) include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl.
- With respect to the R7 in the general formula (2) for the aryl group phenyl, and for the alkylaryl group methylphenyl, butylphenyl, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl, 2,4-di-tert-amylphenyl, 2,4-dicumylphenyl, 2,4-di-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl are exemplified. As the arylalkyl group is phenylmethyl exemplified.
- Specific examples of the benzoate compound represented by the general formula (2) include the following Compounds No. 7 to 15, provided that the present invention should not be construed to be limited by the following compounds.
- The synthetic resin composition according to the present invention may contain in combination, as necessary, other additives, such as a phenolic antioxidant, a phosphorus-containing antioxidant, a sulfur-containing antioxidant, another ultraviolet absorber, another hindered amine compound, a nucleating agent, a fire retardant, a fire retardant aid, a processing aid, such as ethylenebis stearic acid amide and erucic acid amide, a pigment, a filler, a plasticizer, a metallic soap, hydrotalcites, and an antistatic agent.
- Examples of the phenolic antioxidant include 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol, stearyl(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, distearyl(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phosphonate, tridecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylthioacetate, thiodiethylene bis[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate], 4,4'-thio-bis(6-tert-butyl-m-cresol), 2-octylthio-4,6-di(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-s-triazine, 2,2'-methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylpenol), bis[3,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3-tert-butylphenyl)butyric acid]glycol ester, 4,4'-butylidene-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidene-bis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidene-bis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane, bis[2-tert-butyl-4-methyl-6-(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylbenzyl)phenyl]terephthalate, 1,3,5-tris(2,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-tert-butylbenzyl)isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-tris[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl-oxyethyl]isocyanurate, tetrakis[methylene-3-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate]methane, 2-tert-butyl-4-methyl-6-(2-acryloyloxy -3-tert-butyl-5-methylbenzyl)phenol, 3,9-bis[2-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylhydrocinnamoyloxy)-1,1-dimethylethyl]-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane, triethylene glycol bis-[β-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate and tocopherol.
- Examples of the phosphorus-containing antioxidant include triphenyl phosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert- butylphenyl) phosphite, tris(2,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite, tris(dinonylphenyl) phosphite, tris(mono- and di-nonylphenyl)phosphite, diphenyl acid phosphite, 2,2'-methylene bis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl) octyl phosphite, diphenyl decyl phosphite, diphenyl octyl phosphite, di(nonylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, phenyldiisodecyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite, tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, dibutyl acid phosphite, dilauryl acid phosphite, trilauryl trithiophosphite, bis(neopentyl glycol)-1,4- cyclohexane dimethyl diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert- butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-dicumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tetra(C12-C15 mixed alkyl)-4,4'-isopropylidene diphenyl phosphite, bis[2,2'-methylenebis(4,6-diamylphenyl)] -isopropylidene diphenyl phosphite, tetra(tridecyl)-4,4'-butylidenebis(2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol) diphosphite, hexa(tridecyl)-1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)butane triphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)biphenylene diphosphonite, tris(2-[(2,4,7,9-tetrakis-tert-butyldibenzo[d,f][1,3,2] dioxaphosphepin-6-yl)oxy]ethyl)amine, 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-6-methyl-4-[3-[[2,4,8,10-tetrakis(1,1-dimethylethyl)dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2] dioxaphosphepin-6-yl]oxy]propyl]phenol, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10- phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, and 2-butyl-2-ethylpropanediol-2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol monophosphite.
- Examples of the sulfur-containing antioxidant include dialkyl thiodipropionates, such as dilauryl, dimyristyl, myristyl stearyl, and distearyl esters of thiodipropionic acid; and β-alkylmercaptopropionic acids esters of polyols, such as pentaerythritol tetra(β-dodecyl mercaptopropionate).
- Examples of another ultraviolet absorber include 2-hydroxy benzophenones, such as 2,4-dihydroxy benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octoxy benzophenone, and 5,5'-methylene bis(2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone); 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazoles, such as 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dicumylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2,2'-methylene bis(4-tert-octyl-6-benzotriazolylphenol), a polyethylene glycol ester of 2-(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5- carboxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-3- (2-acryloyloxyethyl)-5-methylphenyl] benzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) -5-tert-butylphenyl]benzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl)-5-tert-octylphenyl]benzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl)-5-tert-butylphenyl]-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-5-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl]benzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl)phenyl]benzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-3-tert-amyl-5-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl)phenyl] benzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-(3-methacryloyloxypropyl)phenyl]-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-methacryloyloxymethyl)phenyl] benzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl)phenyl] benzotriazole, and 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-methacryloyloxypropyl) phenyl]benzotriazole; 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,6-diaryl-1,3,5-triazines, such as 2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-octoxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1, 3,5-triazine, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-C12-C13 mixed alkoxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-acryloyloxyethoxy) phenyl]-4,6-bis(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2,4-dihydroxy-3-allylphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, and 2,4,6-tris(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-hexyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine; benzoates, such as phenyl salicylate, resorcinol monobenzoate, and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate; substituted oxanilides, such as 2-ethyl-2'-ethoxyoxanilide, and2-ethoxy-4'-dodecyloxanilide; cyanoacrylates, such as ethyl-α-cyano-β,β-diphenyl acrylate, and methyl-2-cyano-3-methyl-3-(p-methoxyphenyl) acrylate; and various metal salts or metal chelates, especially nickel or chromium salts or chelates.
- Examples of another hindered amine compound include 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl benzoate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)butanetetracarboxylate, tetrakis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl butanetetracarboxylate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) di(tridecyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)di(tridecyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)-2-butyl-2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) malonate, a 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol/diethyl succinate polycondensate, a 1,6-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)hexane/dibromoethane polycondensate, a 1,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)hexane/2,4-dichloro-6-morpholino-s-triazine polycondensate, a 1,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)hexane/2,4-dichloro-6-tert-octylamino-s-triazine polycondensate, 1,5,8,12-tetrakis[2,4-bis(N-butyl-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazin-6-yl]-1 ,5,8,12-tetraazadodecane, 1,5,8,12-tetrakis[2,4-bis (N-butyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazin-6-yl]-1,5,8,12-tetraazadodecane, 1,6,11-tris[2,4-bis (N-butyl-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazin-6-ylaminoundecane and 1,6-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazine-6-ylaminoundecane.
- Examples of the nucleating agent include metal salts of an aromatic carboxylic acid, such as aluminum p-tert-butyl benzoate, and sodium benzoate; metal salts of an acidic phosphate ester, such as sodium bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate, lithium bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate, and sodium 2,2'-methylene-bis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate; and polyhydric alcohol derivatives, such as dibenzylidene sorbitol, and bis(methylbenzylidene)sorbitol.
- Examples of the fire retardant include halogen type fire retardants, such as tetrabromobisphenol A and decabromodiphenyl ether; phosphorus type fire retardants based on inorganic phosphorus compounds, such as red phosphorus and melamine phosphate, and phosphate compounds, such as triphenyl phosphate, a phenol / resorcinol / phosphoric acid condensate, and a bisphenol A / 2,6-xylenol / phosphoric acid condensate; inorganic fire retardants, such as magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide; and nitrogen-containing compounds, such as melamine cyanurate. The fire retardant should preferably be used in combination with a fire retardant aid, such as antimony oxide, or a drip-preventing agent, such as a fluorine-contained resin, and a silicone resin.
- The pigment may be organic as well as inorganic, and examples thereof include white pigments, such as titanium oxide, and zinc sulfide; black pigments, such as carbon black; green pigments, such as chromium oxide, chrome green, zinc green, chlorinated copper phthalocyanine green, phthalocyanine green, naphthol green, and malachite green lake; blue pigments, such as ultramarine, iron blue, copper phthalocyanine blue, cobalt blue, phthalocyanine blue, fast sky blue, and indanthrene blue; red pigments, such as red lead, red iron oxide, basic zinc chromate, chrome vermilion, cadmium red, rose red, brilliant carmine, brilliant scarlet, quinacridone red, lithol red, vermilion, thioindigo red, and mingamiya red; and yellow pigments, such as chrome yellow, zinc yellow, yellow iron oxide, titan yellow, fast yellow, hansa yellow, auramine lake, benzidine yellow, and indanthrene yellow.
- As the fillers are used glass fibers, talc, silica, calcium carbonate, etc. The surfaces of the fillers are preferably treated by a titanium-based or silane-based surface treatment agent to improve compatibility with resin.
- As the metallic soap, are used salts between a metal, such as magnesium, calcium, aluminum, and zinc, and a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, and oleic acid. The soap can be used irrespective of the water content, melting point, particle size, composition of the fatty acids, selection of the production process between a metathetical process by a reaction of an alkali metal salt of a fatty acid with a metal oxide or hydroxide, and a direct process by a neutralization reaction of a fatty acid with a metal oxide or hydroxide in the presence or absence of a solvent, or whether either of the fatty acid or the metal is in excess.
- As the hydrotalcites, both natural products and synthetic products can be used, and products modified by an alkali metal such as lithium can be also used. Especially, the product having a composition represented by the following general formula (4) is preferable:
ZnxMgyAl2(OH)2(x+y+2) CO3•nH2O (4)
(wherein x is 0 to 3, y is 1 to 6, x+y is 4 to 6, and n is 0 to 10). The product can be used irrespective of the existence or nonexistence of crystal water or surface treatment. Although there is no particular restriction on the particle size, smaller size is preferable insofar as the properties of the hydrotalcite should not be lost. If the particle size is large, dispersibility becomes inadequate to decrease stabilizing activity, and the physical properties of a resulted product resin composition, such as mechanical strengths and transparency, will be compromised. - For the respective ingredients, the contents and qualities thereof are selected appropriately in accordance with the resin types, process conditions and end uses. Addition of the ingredients into a resin may be carried out according to a conventional process, such as a process in which each ingredient is mixed independently into the resin by, for example, a Henschel mixer and supplied to a processing machine; a process in which ingredients other than the resin are mixed preliminarily in a given combination, formed into powder or granule and added to the resin; a process in which master pellets containing high concentration ingredients in a resin are added to the resin; and a process in which ingredients are fed to the resin through a feeding port different from the port for the resin using an extruder having a plurality of feeding ports.
- There is no particular restriction on a processing process for the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention, and an appropriate conventional process is selected depending on a resin to be used, existence of fillers, etc. More particularly, the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention can be molded by a conventional process, such as extrusion molding, injection molding, compression molding, and laminate molding.
- With the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention, haze should not appear in a weather resistance evaluation described below, and the gloss should be not less than 30, preferably not less than 35. Decrease of the gloss means generation of cracks on the surface, which further means deterioration of the mechanical strengths as well as the appearance.
- Although there is no particular restriction on the use of the synthetic resin composition according to the present invention, it can be used for general interior/exterior materials, preferably for interior/exterior materials of transport vehicle, and further preferably for the use exposed to outdoor radiation, such as automotive interior/exterior materials to be subjected to severe environments. Examples of automotive interior/exterior materials include exterior materials for a bumper, a spoiler, a side visor, a cowl vent grille, a radiator grille, a side molding and a rear panel garnish, and interior materials for an instrument panel, a ceiling, a door, a seat and a luggage room.
- The present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples thereof.
- 85 parts by mass of an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin (MFR = 30, density = 0.90 g/cm3, flexural modulus = 1,700MPa), 15 parts by mass of talc, 3 parts by mass of a gray pigment, 0.1 part by mass of tetrakis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) oxymethyl]methane, 0.1 part by mass of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite, 0.1 part by mass of calcium stearate, and light stabilizers as set forth in the following Table 1 (a hindered amine compound and an ultraviolet absorber, the Composition being expressed in Table 1 in the unit of part by mass) were extruded at 230°C to pellets. The yielded pellets were injection-molded at 230°C to 2 mm-thick test pieces.
- The weather resistance of a test piece was evaluated by means of the time to cracking (hr), the residual rate of gloss (%) and the color difference (ΔE) by a xenon irradiation test (conditions: UV irradiation intensity 0.55 W/m2, wavelength 340 nm, black panel temperature 89°C, and with a quartz filter).
- The gloss (unitless) was measured by Gloss Meter, Model TC-108D (by Tokyo Denshoku CO., LTD.). The obtained results are shown in the following Table 1.
- The preparation of test pieces and the evaluation of weather resistance were conducted according to similar methods as in the above Examples, except that the benzoate component (B) was replaced by the Compound No. 13 according to the composition set forth in the following Table 2. The results are shown jointly in Table 2.
- The preparation of test pieces and each evaluation were conducted under similar conditions as in the above Examples, except that hindered amine compounds and benzoate compounds were added according to the composition set forth in Table 2. The obtained results are shown jointly in Table 2.
- It is obvious from the results shown in Table 1, that the weather resistance, especially the time to cracking, is excellent, in case a specific hindered amine compound and a specific benzoate compound are used at a specific ratio defined according to the present invention, indicating a noticeable effect thereof. It is further clear from the results shown in Table 2, that such noticeable effect can be attained only by a combination of a specific hindered amine compound and a specific benzoate compound according to the present invention.
- Consequently, the present invention can provide a synthetic resin composition having excellent weather resistance and automotive interior/exterior materials using the same.
Claims (16)
- A synthetic resin composition comprising a hindered amine compound (A) having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (1):
atoms, or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms) in an amount of 0.01 to 20 parts by mass with respect to the same, at a component mass ratio of (A) / (B) between 1/1 and 1/5. - The synthetic resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the component mass ratio of the hindered amine compound (A) to the benzoate compound (B), namely {(A) / (B)}, is between 1/2 and 1/4.
- The synthetic resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the hindered amine compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (3):
- The synthetic resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the R7 in the general formula (2) is an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- The synthetic resin composition according to claim 3, wherein the R7 in the general formula (2) is an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- The synthetic resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic resin is a polyolefin resin.
- The synthetic resin composition according to claim 3, wherein the synthetic resin is a polyolefin resin.
- The synthetic resin composition according to claim 4, wherein the synthetic resin is a polyolefin resin.
- The synthetic resin composition according to claim 6, wherein the polyolefin resin is a polyethylene resin, a polypropylene resin, or an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin.
- The synthetic resin composition according to claim 7, wherein the polyolefin resin is a polyethylene resin, a polypropylene resin, or an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin.
- The synthetic resin composition according to claim 8, wherein the polyolefin resin is a polyethylene resin, a polypropylene resin, or an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin.
- An automotive interior/exterior material comprising the synthetic resin composition according to claim 1.
- An automotive interior/exterior material comprising the synthetic resin composition according to claim 3.
- An automotive interior/exterior material comprising the synthetic resin composition according to claim 4.
- An automotive interior/exterior material comprising the synthetic resin composition according to claim 6.
- An automotive interior/exterior material comprising the synthetic resin composition according to claim 9.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007277139A JP5283153B2 (en) | 2007-10-25 | 2007-10-25 | Synthetic resin composition and automotive interior / exterior material |
| PCT/JP2008/068289 WO2009054267A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 | 2008-10-08 | Synthetic resin composition and automotive interior/exterior material |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2204420A1 true EP2204420A1 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
| EP2204420A4 EP2204420A4 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| EP2204420B1 EP2204420B1 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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ID=40579373
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08840816A Active EP2204420B1 (en) | 2007-10-25 | 2008-10-08 | Synthetic resin composition and automotive interior/exterior material |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8034856B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2204420B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5283153B2 (en) |
| KR (2) | KR101777275B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101835848B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009054267A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013136285A1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-19 | Basf Se | Nor-hals compounds as flame retardants |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1731508B1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2012-08-01 | Adeka Corporation | Weakly basic hindered amines having carbonate skeletons, synthetic resin compositions, and coating compositions |
| JP5478012B2 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2014-04-23 | 株式会社Ａｄｅｋａ | Resin composition and resin molded product |
| JP5583470B2 (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2014-09-03 | バンドー化学株式会社 | Polyolefin resin film |
| JP6143326B2 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2017-06-07 | 株式会社Adeka | Resin composition |
| BR112016010048B1 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2021-09-28 | Adeka Corporation | SUBSTRATE WITH IMPROVED COATING CAPACITY |
| JP6707348B2 (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2020-06-10 | 三星ディスプレイ株式會社Ｓａｍｓｕｎｇ Ｄｉｓｐｌａｙ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． | Photosensitive resin composition, color conversion panel and display device using the same |
| US10941286B2 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2021-03-09 | Basf Se | Stabilized polyolefin compositions comprising benzofuranones and hindered amine light stabilizers |
| JP7097221B2 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2022-07-07 | Ｐｓジャパン株式会社 | Flame-retardant styrene resin composition and molded product |
| JP6602501B1 (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-11-06 | 株式会社Adeka | Agricultural film and plant growing method |
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| EP1731508A1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2006-12-13 | Adeka Corporation | Weakly basic hindered amines having carbonate skeletons, synthetic resin compositions, and coating compositions |
| EP1889871A1 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2008-02-20 | Adeka Corporation | Resin composition containing aluminum pigment |
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| JPS41565Y1 (en) | 1964-03-23 | 1966-01-22 | ||
| BE792043A (en) | 1971-11-30 | 1973-05-29 | Ciba Geigy | PIPERIDINE DERIVATIVES USED TO STABILIZE ORGANIC MATERIALS |
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| EP0365481A1 (en) | 1988-10-19 | 1990-04-25 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Polymeric substrates stabilized with N-substituted hindered amines |
| JPH11106577A (en) | 1997-09-30 | 1999-04-20 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | Automotive interior material |
| JP3987632B2 (en) | 1998-04-27 | 2007-10-10 | 株式会社Ａｄｅｋａ | Automotive interior and exterior materials |
| JP4076105B2 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2008-04-16 | 株式会社Ａｄｅｋａ | Automotive interior materials |
| JP2000159945A (en) | 1998-11-30 | 2000-06-13 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | Resin composition and its molded product |
| WO2003057772A2 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-17 | Cytec Technology Corp. | Uv stabilized thermoplastic olefins |
| JP2004210987A (en) | 2003-01-06 | 2004-07-29 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | Molded article having improved weatherability and resin composition for the same |
| JP4530327B2 (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2010-08-25 | 株式会社Ａｄｅｋａ | Synthetic resin composition containing zinc sulfide with improved weather resistance |
| JP4462867B2 (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2010-05-12 | 株式会社Ａｄｅｋａ | Synthetic resin composition with improved weather resistance and interior / exterior materials |
| EP2094887B1 (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2016-07-06 | Basf Se | Multifilament, monofilament, non-woven or tape |
| JP5224497B2 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2013-07-03 | 株式会社Ａｄｅｋａ | Resin composition |
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2007
- 2007-10-25 JP JP2007277139A patent/JP5283153B2/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-10-08 EP EP08840816A patent/EP2204420B1/en active Active
- 2008-10-08 WO PCT/JP2008/068289 patent/WO2009054267A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-10-08 CN CN2008801130575A patent/CN101835848B/en active Active
- 2008-10-08 US US12/739,724 patent/US8034856B2/en active Active
- 2008-10-08 KR KR1020107010952A patent/KR101777275B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2008-10-08 KR KR1020157031394A patent/KR20150129053A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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| EP1731508A1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2006-12-13 | Adeka Corporation | Weakly basic hindered amines having carbonate skeletons, synthetic resin compositions, and coating compositions |
| EP1889871A1 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2008-02-20 | Adeka Corporation | Resin composition containing aluminum pigment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2013136285A1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-19 | Basf Se | Nor-hals compounds as flame retardants |
| US9783655B2 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2017-10-10 | Basf Se | NOR-HALS compounds as flame retardants |
| US10316169B2 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2019-06-11 | Basf Se | NOR-HALS compounds as flame retardants |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101835848A (en) | 2010-09-15 |
| EP2204420A4 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| WO2009054267A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
| KR20150129053A (en) | 2015-11-18 |
| US20100249288A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
| JP2009102556A (en) | 2009-05-14 |
| CN101835848B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
| KR20100087169A (en) | 2010-08-03 |
| KR101777275B1 (en) | 2017-09-26 |
| EP2204420B1 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| US8034856B2 (en) | 2011-10-11 |
| JP5283153B2 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
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