EP2200923B1 - Step for a moving staircase or pallet for and moving staircase with such a step - Google Patents

Step for a moving staircase or pallet for and moving staircase with such a step Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2200923B1
EP2200923B1 EP08804833.5A EP08804833A EP2200923B1 EP 2200923 B1 EP2200923 B1 EP 2200923B1 EP 08804833 A EP08804833 A EP 08804833A EP 2200923 B1 EP2200923 B1 EP 2200923B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
deep
sheet metal
radius
millimetres
step according
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2200923A1 (en
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Michael Matheisl
Thomas Novacek
Kurt Streibig
Andreas Trojer
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
    • B66B23/08—Carrying surfaces
    • B66B23/12—Steps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a step for an escalator, with a step frame made of sheet metal parts as a support for at least one tread element and at least one setting element, wherein the setting element has a made of a deep-drawn sheet web / groove profile with ridges and grooves and seen each ridge of the setting element underside has a cavity and the setting element is arcuate.
  • the step includes a tread element having a plurality of horizontally extending ledges and a seating member having a plurality of vertically extending ledges.
  • the strips of the tread element mesh with the strips of the setting element of the adjacent step, the gap width being dependent on the relative position of the adjacent steps.
  • GB 2173757 discloses a step for an escalator.
  • a stage of the type mentioned is from the US 6978876 B, see in particular the FIGS. 5 and 6 , With the skeletal plate construction of the step, weight savings and significant cost savings are feasible.
  • a step performs a relative movement relative to the adjacent steps in the vertical direction, in particular during the transition from the inclined escalator section to the horizontal escalator section.
  • the step structure of the escalator is thereby converted into a planar structure or band structure.
  • the height difference between two adjacent stages continuously changes from the maximum value to zero.
  • the relative movement is generated by a corresponding course of the guideways for the step rollers and chain rollers.
  • the step has - cut in the direction of travel - about a triangular cross-section.
  • the setting element is not flat, but as Cylinder wall section, so in cross section circular arc, so that the step cut in the direction of travel has the shape of a circular sector rather than a triangle.
  • the gap between two stages is not constant, but varies depending on how large the height difference between two adjacent stages is.
  • the step gap between the tread element and the adjacent setting element thus remains according to the invention regardless of the position of the step gap always almost the same size.
  • the risk of accidents or the risk of entrapment for clothing, sharp objects, shoes, children's fingers and so on is substantially reduced.
  • the step gap is no longer on, but also there is always the same size.
  • Lighter steps also mean smaller drive power for the escalator drive.
  • the essential components of the steps such as step cheeks, tread element and setting element are made by means of a deep-drawing process of very thin deep-drawn sheet metal.
  • the stage meets the requirements and stress tests of the European standard EN 115 and the American standard ASME A17.1, according to which the stage must satisfy a static test and a dynamic test.
  • the step is centrally loaded with a force acting perpendicular to the tread element of 3000 N, with a deflection of at most 4 mm may occur. After the force has been applied, the step must not show any permanent deformation.
  • the stage is centered with a pulsating force, with the force varying between 500 N and 3000 N, with a frequency between 5 Hz and 20 Hz and at least 5x10 6 cycles.
  • the step may have a permanent deformation of not more than 4 mm.
  • the components of a held by unwinding and unwindable sheet metal roll for example, 2 m to 4 m diameter, hereafter called sheet metal coil, can be produced optimized production.
  • the workflow can be made interruption-free and production time can be further reduced.
  • a step with a skeletal or frame-like sheet metal construction is lighter and significantly less expensive than a die-cast aluminum step, especially when the price of aluminum increases.
  • a 600 mm wide stage weighs about 8.6 kg
  • a 800 mm wide stage weighs about 10.8 kg
  • a 1000 mm wide stage weighs about 13.1 kg.
  • An optimized to minimum weight and maximum load according to the above-mentioned standard EN 115 level is feasible with thin thermoforming sheets, for example, 1.1 to 1.9 mm thickness, which by means of deep drawing process a maximum stiffening of allow supporting components. Embossing or bending process would also be conceivable, but the finished stage would be much heavier, because in this manufacturing process larger sheet thicknesses (at least 4 mm sheet thickness) are necessary.
  • the setting made of thin, for example, 0.25 to 1.25 mm thickness to 10 to 15 mm deep-drawn deep-drawn sheet has with its web / groove profile sufficient rigidity at extreme loads. Despite increased rigidity, the weight of the tread element remains small.
  • the setting element weighs 0.7 kg for a step width of 600 mm, 0.9 kg for a step width of 800 mm and 1.1 kg for a step width of 1000 mm.
  • the setting element according to the invention can also be used in stages which, instead of the middle cheeks, have bridge-like cross members connecting the side cheeks.
  • a stamp presses a sheet metal blank into a prefabricated die, wherein the edge of the sheet metal blank is held by means of a hold-down.
  • a temporary plastification and strain hardening takes place below the hold-down the thermoforming sheet.
  • the soil can be formed in further process steps, for example by means of hydraulic depths in the stamp or in the die. In the embodiment set out below, the cheeks eyes are made.
  • the edge of the walls is separated by trimming, for example by means of knife, punch, water jet or laser.
  • the deep-drawn sheet has to be specially created for the forming.
  • a deep-drawn sheet with the designation H380 or H400 is used.
  • These steel grades are based essentially on the strength-increasing effect of micro-alloying additives such as niobium and / or titanium and / or manganese. The yield strengths of these steels, which are high compared to mild steels, allow for cold forming with low deformation stress up to very demanding and complex component formations.
  • the steel grades are adapted to the respective forming conditions, so that even with low sheet thicknesses the tendency to deformation-related constrictions, wrinkles, tearing or inaccurate shape due to elastic recoil is minimal.
  • the deep drawing process is characterized by a large ratio of the sheet thickness to the height of the deep-drawn wall and the associated high load capacity, dimensional accuracy and stability.
  • the step skeleton 2 consists of a first cheek 3, at least one middle cheek 4 and a second cheek 5.
  • First and second cheek 3.5 are also called side cheek and are arranged in mirror image.
  • the cheeks 3,4,5 are arranged in the direction of travel.
  • a support 6, a bridge 7 and a bracket 8 extend transversely to the direction of travel and connect the cheeks 3,4,5, wherein the components are screwless, for example, connected by means of spot welding. Cheeks 3,4,5, support 6, bridge 7 and console 8 form the step skeleton 2.
  • the components carrier 6, bridge 7 and console 8 are away from the Blechcoil means of a Rollumformhabilits endless, for example, with a production speed of 10 to 20 meters per minute manufactured and cut to length depending on the step width.
  • the components beam 6, bridge 7 and console 8 stainless steel sheet or zinc sheet or copper sheet or brass sheet is provided with a thickness of 1.8-3.3 mm.
  • Other building materials such as synthetic fiber composites or natural fiber composites or CFRP, GRP plastics are also possible.
  • a step roller 9 and an emergency guide hook 10 are arranged at the first cheek 3.
  • a stepped roller 11 and an emergency guide hook 12 are arranged on the second cheek 5.
  • the step roller 9,11 leads the level 1 along a guideway of the escalator.
  • the emergency guide hook 10,12 is supported in case of failure of the step roller 9,11 on an emergency guide the escalator and forces the level 1 back to the track.
  • the stage 1 is connected by means of a stepped axis 13 with the step chain of the escalator.
  • the stepped axis 13 is constructed in several parts.
  • An axle journal 14 made of a round material is rotatably supported in a sleeve 15 of the center cheek 4 serving as a sliding bearing.
  • On the first cheek 3 serving as a plain bearing bush 16 is arranged, wherein a first driving axle 17 is rotatably mounted at one end in the bushing 16 and the other end is connected by a bridge 18 with the journal 14 of the center cheek 4.
  • a second driving axle 20 is rotatably mounted at one end in the sleeve 19 and the other end is connected by means of a bridge 21 with the journal 14 of the center cheek 4.
  • the driving axles 17, 20 are produced away from the sheet metal coil by means of a roll forming method and cut to length depending on the step width.
  • the stage 1 is thus supported at one end by the chain rollers and at the other end by the step rollers 9, 11.
  • Fig. 2 shows the complete stage 1 seen from below, in which the step skeleton 2 has been supplemented with a tread element 22, a step edge 23 and a setting element 24.
  • the tread element 22 and / or the setting element 24 may also consist of more than one part.
  • the one-piece tread element 22 or the one-piece setting element 24 seen longitudinally in the direction of travel and / or be divided transversely thereto.
  • the tread element 22 as well as the setting element 24 is produced in two steps. In a first step, the sheet drawn from the sheet metal coil is directed and by means of a toothed shaft to about 50% preformed or pre-corrugated and then cut to length depending on the appearance.
  • the preformed component is formed by means of deep drawing process to the final web / groove profile with webs and grooves.
  • the sheet BO1 of the setting element 24 is produced in the same deep-drawing process at once.
  • the tread element 22 as well as the setting element 24 can also be deep-drawn in one step, wherein 3 to 10 webs and grooves are deep-drawn, then the thermoforming sheet is pushed further and again deep-drawn 3 to 10 webs and grooves and so on.
  • a deep-drawn sheet for example, 0.25 to 1.25 mm thickness is deep drawn to 10 to 15 mm.
  • the web / groove profile of the tread element 22 has on the carrier side on each second web a small tooth 25 which meshes with the web / groove profile of the positioning element 24 of the adjacent step. The gap between the steps is thereby projecting and springing back.
  • step 23 is placed on the bridge 7 and screwed from below with the bridge 7, for example, or riveted or glued or verclincht or plugged.
  • Other materials such as plastic, natural fibers, synthetic fibers, GRP, CRP or NIRO and also colors like yellow, red, black, blue or mixed colors are possible.
  • the step edge 23 is formed so that the tread element 22 as well as the setting element 24 can be inserted into the step edge 23.
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of the stage 1 seen on the second cheek 5.
  • the tread element 22 is screwless, for example, connected by means of spot welding with the support 6 and the bridge 7.
  • the setting element 24 is pushed into the step edge 23 and screwless, for example, connected by means of spot welding or clinching the console 8.
  • the arc BO1 of the setting element 24 follows in the upper area a first radius R1 and in the lower area a second radius R2, wherein the second radius R2 is smaller than the first radius R1.
  • the arc BO1 can also have more than two different radii.
  • the bow of the BO1 Setzides 24 goes on the line ÜR from one radius to the other radius.
  • the position of the line ÜR is determined by the smallest camber inclination of, for example, 27 °.
  • the step gap SP1 is as small as possible and always almost the same.
  • the step gap SP1 between tread element 22 and setting element 24 of the adjacent stage remains independent of that in the FIG. 6 to FIG. 9 shown position of the step gap SP1 always the same low.
  • the step gap SP1 may be slightly larger or smaller depending on the crawl slope.
  • R1 is 447.5 mm and has its origin at the point labeled 0P1.
  • R2 is 380mm tall and has its origin at the point labeled 0P2.
  • These radii are valid for chain links with a length of 133.33 mm or for a chain pitch of 133 mm.
  • a chain pitch of 200 mm for example, 426 mm results for R1 and for example, 380 mm for R2.
  • 410 mm results for R1 and, for example, 380 mm for R2.
  • the exact location of the origin points 0P1,0P2 is measured.
  • the radii R1, R2 have been determined empirically by experiments and constructions. Further explanations will be provided with the Fig. 5 explained.
  • tread element 22 and / or for the setting element 24 also NIRO (stainless steel), ALU (aluminum), art / natural fiber composites, GRP, CFRP, ceramics, copper, brass, manganese / titanium sheet and so on conceivable.
  • Fig. 4 shows in three-dimensional view, the tread element 22 of the adjacent stage and made of a thermoforming sheet 83 setting element 24 in the gap region, wherein the distance between the tread element 22 and the setting element 24 forms the step gap SP1.
  • the designated 25 teeth of the tread element 22 mesh the web / groove profile 80 of the setting element 24.
  • the web / groove profile 80 of the setting element 24 consists of webs 82 and Grooves 81, each web 82 seen from below (in the direction of the arrow P2) forms a cavity 84, which may be provided for stiffening the setting element 24 with a filling.
  • a tooth 25 extends into an adjacent groove 81 of the setting element 24.
  • the step gap SP1 between the tread element 22 and the setting element 24 is thereby projecting and springing back.
  • the thermoforming sheet formed by deep-drawing sheet 61 forms the ridge / groove profile 66 extending in the direction of travel webs 62 and grooves 63.
  • the webs 62 and grooves 63 form the tread element 22, wherein the webs 62, the tread for the users of the level 1 and the escalator form.
  • Each web 62 forms a cavity 64 when viewed from below (in the direction of the arrow P2).
  • Fig. 5 shows an escalator in the transition from the skew to the straight run.
  • the visible step height is seen in the direction of travel P3 decreasing and is in practicelauf 0 mm height.
  • the step gap SP1 changes its position relative to the setting element 24 of the stage 1 continuously and moves as shown by an arrow P4 from bottom to top.
  • the step gap SP1 is always almost the same size, regardless of whether the escalator forms visible levels 1 or whether the escalator forms a level.
  • the step gap SP1 is very narrow, for example 2.8 mm.
  • Stair formation or leveling is achieved by raceways 71 which guide the stepped rollers 9, 11 and by raceways 72 which guide the chain rollers 73.
  • the transition arc of the raceways 71,72 is BO2 and the radius of the transition arc BO2 is denoted by R3 and at least 1000 mm in size.
  • the step gap SP1 in the transition arc BO2 Due to the deviation of the step chain from the track 72, the step gap SP1 in the transition arc BO2 a little smaller, since the step chain with chain links, for example, 133.33 mm or 200 mm in length forms the bowstring to the transitional bow BO2.
  • the radii R1, R2 of the setting element 24 compensate for these effects on the step gap SP1 shortening. Due to the step geometry and small radius R3 of the transition arc BO2 of, for example, 1000 mm to 1500 mm, the step gap SP1 am smallest. In the rapid increase of the tread element 22, the step chain describes a clear segmentation and forms the largest or strongest tendon. About the transition arc BO2 the step gap SP1 is very much dependent on the construction of the setting element 24 and changeable. In order to achieve the smallest possible step gap SP1, an elevation of the setting element by means of a larger radius R1, for example 447.5 mm, is necessary. In other chain pitches, the radii have a size as stated above.
  • FIG. 6 to FIG. 9 show the sections A2 to A5 the Fig. 5 with the constant step gap SP1 between the setting element 24 and the step element 22 of the adjacent step.
  • Fig. 6 shows the step gap SP1 at full step height.
  • Fig. 7 shows the step gap SP1 at about half the height in the transition area.
  • Fig. 8 shows the step gap SP1 at minimum step height.
  • Fig. 9 shows the step gap SP1 without step height in anank.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Stufe für eine Fahrtreppe, mit einem aus Blechteilen gefertigten Stufenskelett als Träger für mindestens ein Trittelement und mindestens ein Setzelement, wobei das Setzelement ein aus einem Tiefziehblech hergestelltes Steg-/Rillenprofil mit Stegen und Rillen aufweist und jeder Steg von der Setzelementunterseite gesehen einen Hohlraum aufweist und das Setzelement bogenförmig verläuft.The invention relates to a step for an escalator, with a step frame made of sheet metal parts as a support for at least one tread element and at least one setting element, wherein the setting element has a made of a deep-drawn sheet web / groove profile with ridges and grooves and seen each ridge of the setting element underside has a cavity and the setting element is arcuate.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus der Schrift DE 3605284 A ist eine Stufe für eine Fahrtreppe bekannt geworden. Die Stufe weist ein Trittelement mit einer Vielzahl sich horizontal erstreckender Leisten und ein Setzelement mit einer Vielzahl von sich vertikal erstreckender Leisten auf. Die Leisten des Trittelementes kämmen mit den Leisten des Setzelementes der benachbarten Stufe, wobei die Spaltbreite abhängig ist von der relativen Lage der benachbarten Stufen. Auch GB 2173757 offenbart eine Stufe für eine Fahrtreppe.From the Scriptures DE 3605284 A has become known as a step for an escalator. The step includes a tread element having a plurality of horizontally extending ledges and a seating member having a plurality of vertically extending ledges. The strips of the tread element mesh with the strips of the setting element of the adjacent step, the gap width being dependent on the relative position of the adjacent steps. Also GB 2173757 discloses a step for an escalator.

Eine Stufe der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der US 6978876 B bekannt, siehe insbesondere die Fig. 5 und 6. Mit der skelettartigen Blechkonstruktion der Stufe sind Gewichtseinsparungen und beträchtliche Kosteneinsparungen machbar.A stage of the type mentioned is from the US 6978876 B, see in particular the FIGS. 5 and 6 , With the skeletal plate construction of the step, weight savings and significant cost savings are feasible.

Eine Stufe führt gegenüber den benachbarten Stufen in vertikaler Richtung eine Relativbewegung aus, insbesondere beim Übergang vom geneigten Fahrtreppenabschnitt zum horizontalen Fahrtreppenabschnitt. Die Stufenstruktur der Fahrtreppe wird dabei in eine ebene Struktur bzw. Bandstruktur übergeführt. Dabei ändert sich die Höhendifferenz zwischen zwei benachbarten Stufen kontinuierlich vom maximalen Wert bis auf Null. Die Relativbewegung wird durch einen entsprechenden Verlauf der Führungsbahnen für die Stufenrollen und Kettenrollen erzeugt. Die Stufe hat - in Fahrtrichtung geschnitten - etwa einen dreieckförmigen Querschnitt. Um den Spalt zwischen zwei Stufen gering zu halten, ist allerdings das Setzelement nicht eben ausgebildet, sondern als Zylinderwandabschnitt, also im Querschnitt kreisbogenförmig, sodass die Stufe in Fahrtrichtung geschnitten eher die Form eines Kreissektors als die eines Dreiecks hat.A step performs a relative movement relative to the adjacent steps in the vertical direction, in particular during the transition from the inclined escalator section to the horizontal escalator section. The step structure of the escalator is thereby converted into a planar structure or band structure. In this case, the height difference between two adjacent stages continuously changes from the maximum value to zero. The relative movement is generated by a corresponding course of the guideways for the step rollers and chain rollers. The step has - cut in the direction of travel - about a triangular cross-section. In order to keep the gap between two stages low, however, the setting element is not flat, but as Cylinder wall section, so in cross section circular arc, so that the step cut in the direction of travel has the shape of a circular sector rather than a triangle.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Wie im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung festgestellt wurde, ist der Spalt zwischen zwei Stufen dennoch nicht konstant, sondern ändert sich, je nachdem, wie groß die Höhendifferenz zwischen zwei benachbarten Stufen gerade ist.Nevertheless, as noted in the present invention, the gap between two stages is not constant, but varies depending on how large the height difference between two adjacent stages is.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, diesen Nachteil zu beseitigen. Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch eine Stufe der eingangs genannten Art dadurch erreicht, dass sie die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 aufweist. Eine derart geformte Stufe bewirkt, dass der Stufenspalt gleichbleibend gering ist, nahezu unabhängig von der momentanen Höhendifferenz zweier benachbarter Stufen.It is an object of the present invention to eliminate this disadvantage. According to the invention this is achieved by a step of the type mentioned in that it has the characterizing features of claim 1. Such a shaped step causes the step gap to be consistently small, almost independent of the instantaneous height difference of two adjacent stages.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Der Stufenspalt zwischen dem Trittelement und dem benachbarten Setzelement bleibt also erfindungsgemäß unabhängig von der Lage des Stufenspaltes immer nahezu gleich groß. Die Unfallgefahr bzw. die Einklemmgefahr für Kleidungsstücke, spitze Gegenstände, Schuhe, Kinderfinger und so weiter wird dadurch wesentlich verringert. Insbesondere im Übergang vom Schräglauf in den Geradelauf der Fahrtreppe geht der Stufenspalt nicht mehr auf, sondern bleibt auch da immer gleich groß.The step gap between the tread element and the adjacent setting element thus remains according to the invention regardless of the position of the step gap always almost the same size. The risk of accidents or the risk of entrapment for clothing, sharp objects, shoes, children's fingers and so on is substantially reduced. In particular, in the transition from skew in the Geradelauf the escalator, the step gap is no longer on, but also there is always the same size.

Mit der skelettartigen Blechkonstruktion der Stufe sind nicht nur Gewichtseinsparungen und beträchtliche Kosteneinsparungen machbar, sondern ein besonderer Vorteil besteht auch darin, dass nahezu beliebige Formen herstellbar sind, ohne dass ein zusätzlicher Aufwand bei der Herstellung notwendig ist und ohne dass es zu unterschiedlichen Querschnitten kommt, die statisch zu berücksichtigen wären. Eben deshalb ist es gerade bei derartigen Stufen aus Tiefziehblech sehr einfach, die unterschiedlichen Radien des Setzelements zu verwirklichen.Not only weight savings and considerable cost savings are feasible with the skeletal plate construction of the stage, but a particular advantage is that almost any shape can be produced without any additional effort in the production is necessary and without causing different cross-sections, the statically. That is why it is very easy to realize the different radii of the setting element, especially in such stages of deep-drawn sheet metal.

Leichtere Stufen bedeuten auch eine kleinere Antriebsleistung für den Fahrtreppenantrieb. Die wesentlichen Bauteile der Stufen, wie beispielsweise Stufenwangen, Trittelement und Setzelement werden mittels eines Tiefziehverfahrens aus sehr dünnem Tiefziehblech hergestellt. Trotz des dünnen Blechs genügt die Stufe den Vorgaben und Belastungstests der europäischen Norm EN 115 sowie der amerikanischen Norm ASME A17.1, gemäß welchen die Stufe einem statischen Test und einem dynamischen Test genügen muss. Beim statischen Test wird die Stufe mit einer senkrecht zum Trittelement wirkenden Kraft von 3000 N mittig belastet, wobei eine Auslenkung von höchstens 4 mm auftreten darf. Nach der Krafteinwirkung darf die Stufe keine bleibende Deformation aufweisen. Beim dynamischen Test wird die Stufe mit einer pulsierenden Kraft mittig belastet, wobei die Kraft zwischen 500 N und 3000 N variiert mit einer Frequenz zwischen 5 Hz und 20 Hz und mindestens 5x106 Zyklen. Nach dem Test darf die Stufe eine bleibende Deformation von höchstens 4 mm aufweisen.Lighter steps also mean smaller drive power for the escalator drive. The essential components of the steps, such as step cheeks, tread element and setting element are made by means of a deep-drawing process of very thin deep-drawn sheet metal. Despite the thin metal sheet, the stage meets the requirements and stress tests of the European standard EN 115 and the American standard ASME A17.1, according to which the stage must satisfy a static test and a dynamic test. In the static test, the step is centrally loaded with a force acting perpendicular to the tread element of 3000 N, with a deflection of at most 4 mm may occur. After the force has been applied, the step must not show any permanent deformation. In the dynamic test, the stage is centered with a pulsating force, with the force varying between 500 N and 3000 N, with a frequency between 5 Hz and 20 Hz and at least 5x10 6 cycles. After the test, the step may have a permanent deformation of not more than 4 mm.

Weiter vorteilhaft ist, dass die Bauteile von einer mittels Abwickeleinrichtung gehaltenen und abwickelbaren Blechrolle von beispielsweise 2 m bis 4 m Durchmesser, im Weiteren Blechcoil genannt, fertigungsoptimiert hergestellt werden können. Mit Mehrfach-Abwickeleinrichtungen kann der Arbeitsfluss unterbruchsfrei gestaltet und die Fertigungszeit weiter reduziert werden.It is also advantageous that the components of a held by unwinding and unwindable sheet metal roll, for example, 2 m to 4 m diameter, hereafter called sheet metal coil, can be produced optimized production. With multiple unwinding devices, the workflow can be made interruption-free and production time can be further reduced.

Eine Stufe mit skelettartiger bzw. rahmenartiger Blechkonstruktion ist leichter und wesentlich kostengünstiger als eine Druckgussstufe aus Aluminium, insbesondere bei steigendem Aluminiumpreis. Eine 600 mm breite Stufe wiegt etwa noch 8,6 kg, eine 800 mm breite Stufe wiegt etwa noch 10,8 kg und eine 1000 mm breite Stufe wiegt etwa noch 13,1 kg. Weiter vorteilhaft ist bei dieser Bauweise, dass die Stufenbreite oder auch der Umrüstvorgang bei geringen Stückzahlen keine aufwendigen Mehrarbeiten erfordern. Eine auf minimales Gewicht und maximale Belastung gemäß oben genannter Norm EN 115 optimierte Stufe ist mit dünnen Tiefziehblechen von beispielsweise 1,1 bis 1,9 mm Dicke machbar, die mittels Tiefziehverfahren eine maximale Aussteifung der tragenden Bauteile ermöglichen. Präge- oder Biegeverfahren wären auch denkbar, die fertige Stufe wäre aber wesentlich schwerer, weil bei diesen Herstellungsverfahren größere Blechdicken (mindestens 4 mm Blechdicke) notwendig sind.A step with a skeletal or frame-like sheet metal construction is lighter and significantly less expensive than a die-cast aluminum step, especially when the price of aluminum increases. A 600 mm wide stage weighs about 8.6 kg, a 800 mm wide stage weighs about 10.8 kg and a 1000 mm wide stage weighs about 13.1 kg. It is also advantageous in this construction that the step width or the retrofitting process require no expensive additional work in small quantities. An optimized to minimum weight and maximum load according to the above-mentioned standard EN 115 level is feasible with thin thermoforming sheets, for example, 1.1 to 1.9 mm thickness, which by means of deep drawing process a maximum stiffening of allow supporting components. Embossing or bending process would also be conceivable, but the finished stage would be much heavier, because in this manufacturing process larger sheet thicknesses (at least 4 mm sheet thickness) are necessary.

Das aus dünnem von beispielsweise 0,25 bis 1,25 mm Dicke auf 10 bis 15 mm tiefgezogene Tiefziehblech hergestellte Setzelement weist mit seinem Steg-/Rillenprofil genügend Steifigkeit bei Extrembelastungen auf. Trotz erhöhter Steifigkeit bleibt das Gewicht des Trittelementes aber klein.The setting made of thin, for example, 0.25 to 1.25 mm thickness to 10 to 15 mm deep-drawn deep-drawn sheet has with its web / groove profile sufficient rigidity at extreme loads. Despite increased rigidity, the weight of the tread element remains small.

Bei einer Blechdicke von 0,4 mm wiegt das Setzelement bei einer Stufenbreite von 600 mm 0,7 kg, bei einer Stufenbreite von 800 mm 0,9 kg und bei einer Stufenbreite von 1000 mm 1,1 kg.With a sheet thickness of 0.4 mm, the setting element weighs 0.7 kg for a step width of 600 mm, 0.9 kg for a step width of 800 mm and 1.1 kg for a step width of 1000 mm.

Die Festigkeit des Setzelementes ist abhängig vom Material. Bei einem aus dem Tiefziehblech mit der Bezeichnung H380 hergestellten Setzelement ist die elastische Grenze bei 380 bis 480 N/mm2. Danach kommt das Material in den plastischen Bereich. Die Bruchgrenze ist bei 440 bis 580 N/mm2. Bei einem aus dem Tiefziehblech mit der Bezeichnung H400 hergestellten Setzelement ist die elastische Grenze bei 400 bis 520 N/mm2. Danach kommt das Material in den plastischen Bereich. Die Bruchgrenze ist bei 470 bis 590 N/mm2. Bei einem aus dem Tiefziehblech mit der Bezeichnung H900 hergestellten Setzelement ist die elastische Grenze bei 790 N/mm2. Danach kommt das Material in den plastischen Bereich. Die Bruchgrenze ist bei 900 N/mm2. Bei einem aus dem Tiefziehblech mit der Bezeichnung H1100 hergestellten Setzelement ist die elastische Grenze bei 1020 N/mm2. Danach kommt das Material in den plastischen Bereich. Die Bruchgrenze ist bei 1100 N/mm2.The strength of the setting element depends on the material. For a setting element made of the deep-drawing sheet H380, the elastic limit is 380 to 480 N / mm 2 . Then the material comes in the plastic area. The breaking point is 440 to 580 N / mm 2 . In a setting member made of the thermoforming sheet named H400, the elastic limit is 400 to 520 N / mm 2 . Then the material comes in the plastic area. The breaking point is 470 to 590 N / mm 2 . For a setting element made of the deep-drawing sheet H900, the elastic limit is 790 N / mm 2 . Then the material comes in the plastic area. The breaking point is 900 N / mm 2 . For a setting element made from the deep-drawing sheet H1100, the elastic limit is 1020 N / mm 2 . Then the material comes in the plastic area. The breaking point is 1100 N / mm 2 .

Das erfindungsgemäße Setzelement kann auch bei Stufen verwendet werden, die anstelle der Mittenwangen brückenartige, die Seitenwangen verbindende Querträger aufweisen.The setting element according to the invention can also be used in stages which, instead of the middle cheeks, have bridge-like cross members connecting the side cheeks.

Beim Tiefziehverfahren drückt ein Stempel einen Blechzuschnitt in eine vorgefertigte Matrize, wobei der Rand des Blechzuschnittes mittels eines Niederhalters festgehalten wird. Bei der durch Stempel und Matrize bewirkten Kaltumformung des Tiefziehbleches erfolgt unterhalb des Niederhalters eine vorübergehende Plastifizierung und Kaltverfestigung des Tiefziehbleches. Aus dem zweidimensionalen, meist aus einem Blechband bzw. einer Blechtafel gestanzten Blechzuschnitt wird ein dreidimensionaler Körper geformt mit Boden und umlaufenden Wänden, wobei die Wandstärke geringfügig kleiner ist als die ursprüngliche Blechdicke. Der Boden kann in weiteren Verfahrensschritten, beispielsweise mittels hydraulischem Tiefen in den Stempel oder in die Matrize umgeformt werden. Im unten dargelegten Ausführungsbeispiel werden so die Wangenaugen gefertigt. Nach der Umformung wird der Rand von den Wänden durch Beschneiden beispielsweise mittels Messer, Stanze, Wasserstrahl oder Laser abgetrennt. Das Tiefziehblech muss eigens für die Umformung geschaffen sein. Im unten dargelegten Ausführungsbeispiel wird beispielsweise ein Tiefziehblech mit der Bezeichnung H380 oder H400 verwendet. Diese Stahlsorten basieren im Wesentlichen auf der festigkeitssteigernden Wirkung von Mikrolegierungszusätzen wie beispielsweise Niob und/oder Titan und/oder Mangan. Die gegenüber Weichstählen hohen Streckgrenzen dieser Stahlsorten erlauben eine Kaltumformung mit geringer Verformungsbeanspruchung bis zu sehr anspruchsvollen und komplexen Bauteilausformungen. Die Stahlsorten sind auf die jeweiligen Umformbedingungen abgestimmt, damit auch bei geringen Blechdicken die Neigung zu verformungsbedingten Einschnürungen, Faltenbildungen, Reißern oder Formungenauigkeiten durch elastische Rückfederung minimal ist. Das Tiefziehverfahren zeichnet sich aus durch ein großes Verhältnis der Blechdicke zur Höhe der tiefgezogenen Wand sowie der damit verbundenen hohen Belastbarkeit, Formgenauigkeit und Stabilität.In the deep-drawing process, a stamp presses a sheet metal blank into a prefabricated die, wherein the edge of the sheet metal blank is held by means of a hold-down. In the cold forming of the thermoforming sheet caused by punch and die, a temporary plastification and strain hardening takes place below the hold-down the thermoforming sheet. From the two-dimensional, usually from a sheet metal strip or a metal sheet punched sheet metal blank a three-dimensional body is formed with bottom and peripheral walls, the wall thickness is slightly smaller than the original sheet thickness. The soil can be formed in further process steps, for example by means of hydraulic depths in the stamp or in the die. In the embodiment set out below, the cheeks eyes are made. After forming the edge of the walls is separated by trimming, for example by means of knife, punch, water jet or laser. The deep-drawn sheet has to be specially created for the forming. In the embodiment set out below, for example, a deep-drawn sheet with the designation H380 or H400 is used. These steel grades are based essentially on the strength-increasing effect of micro-alloying additives such as niobium and / or titanium and / or manganese. The yield strengths of these steels, which are high compared to mild steels, allow for cold forming with low deformation stress up to very demanding and complex component formations. The steel grades are adapted to the respective forming conditions, so that even with low sheet thicknesses the tendency to deformation-related constrictions, wrinkles, tearing or inaccurate shape due to elastic recoil is minimal. The deep drawing process is characterized by a large ratio of the sheet thickness to the height of the deep-drawn wall and the associated high load capacity, dimensional accuracy and stability.

Beim Rollumformverfahren, auch kontinuierliches Biegeverfahren genannt, wird ein Blechband vom Blechcoil weg mit Hilfe von mehreren hintereinander angeordneten Walzenpaaren bzw. Rollenpaaren durch Kaltumformung zu stark beanspruchbaren Profilen umgeformt.When roll forming, also called continuous bending process, a sheet metal strip from the sheet metal coil is transformed by means of several successively arranged pairs of rollers or pairs of rollers by cold forming to heavy-claimable profiles.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Anhand der beiliegenden Figuren wird die vorliegende Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 ein Skelett der erfindungsgemäßen Stufe;
  • Fig. 2 die erfindungsgemäße Stufe;
  • Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht der Stufe;
  • Fig. 4 ein Setzelement der benachbarten Stufe kämmendes Trittelement;
  • Fig. 5 eine Fahrtreppe im Übergang vom Schräglauf in den Geradelauf; und
  • Fig. 6 bis Fig. 9 einen Stufenspalt zwischen Trittelement und Setzelement der benachbarten Stufe in verschiedenen Relativstellungen der benachbarten Stufen.
Reference to the accompanying figures, the present invention will be explained in more detail. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 a skeleton of the stage according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2 the stage according to the invention;
  • Fig. 3 a side view of the stage;
  • Fig. 4 a setting member of the adjacent stage meshing tread element;
  • Fig. 5 an escalator in the transition from the skew to the straight run; and
  • FIG. 6 to FIG. 9 a step gap between the tread element and setting element of the adjacent stage in different relative positions of the adjacent stages.

Bester Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungBest way to carry out the invention

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Stufenskelett 2 der erfindungsgemäßen Stufe 1. Das Stufenskelett 2 besteht aus einer ersten Wange 3, mindestens einer Mittenwange 4 und aus einer zweiten Wange 5. Erste und zweite Wange 3,5 werden auch Seitenwange genannt und sind spiegelbildlich angeordnet. Die Wangen 3,4,5 sind in Fahrtrichtung angeordnet. Für jede Wange 3,4,5 wird aus einem Blechband ein Blechzuschnitt gestanzt und dieser anschließend mittels Tiefziehverfahren zur Wange umgeformt. Ein Träger 6, eine Brücke 7 und eine Konsole 8 verlaufen quer zur Fahrtrichtung und verbinden die Wangen 3,4,5, wobei die Bauteile schraubenlos, beispielsweise mittels Punktschweißverfahren verbunden werden. Wangen 3,4,5, Träger 6, Brücke 7 und Konsole 8 bilden das Stufenskelett 2. Die Bauteile Träger 6, Brücke 7 und Konsole 8 werden vom Blechcoil weg mittels eines Rollumformverfahrens endlos, beispielsweise mit einer Fertigungsgeschwindigkeit von 10 bis 20 Metern pro Minute hergestellt und je nach Stufenbreite abgelängt. Für die Bauteile Träger 6, Brücke 7 und Konsole 8 ist rostfreies Stahlblech oder Zinkblech oder Kupferblech oder Messingblech mit einer Dicke von 1,8-3,3 mm vorgesehen. Andere Baumaterialien wie beispielsweise Kunstfaserkomposite oder Naturfaserkomposite oder CFK, GFK Kunststoffe sind auch möglich. Fig. 1 The step skeleton 2 consists of a first cheek 3, at least one middle cheek 4 and a second cheek 5. First and second cheek 3.5 are also called side cheek and are arranged in mirror image. The cheeks 3,4,5 are arranged in the direction of travel. For each cheek 3,4,5 a sheet metal blank is punched from a sheet metal strip and this then converted by means of deep drawing process to the cheek. A support 6, a bridge 7 and a bracket 8 extend transversely to the direction of travel and connect the cheeks 3,4,5, wherein the components are screwless, for example, connected by means of spot welding. Cheeks 3,4,5, support 6, bridge 7 and console 8 form the step skeleton 2. The components carrier 6, bridge 7 and console 8 are away from the Blechcoil means of a Rollumformverfahrens endless, for example, with a production speed of 10 to 20 meters per minute manufactured and cut to length depending on the step width. For the components beam 6, bridge 7 and console 8 stainless steel sheet or zinc sheet or copper sheet or brass sheet is provided with a thickness of 1.8-3.3 mm. Other building materials such as synthetic fiber composites or natural fiber composites or CFRP, GRP plastics are also possible.

An der ersten Wange 3 sind eine Stufenrolle 9 und ein Notführungshaken 10 angeordnet. An der zweiten Wange 5 sind eine Stufenrolle 11 und ein Notführungshaken 12 angeordnet. Die Stufenrolle 9,11 führt die Stufe 1 entlang einer Führungsbahn der Fahrtreppe. Der Notführungshaken 10,12 stützt sich bei Versagen der Stufenrolle 9,11 auf einer Notführung der Fahrtreppe ab und zwingt die Stufe 1 auf die Laufbahn zurück.At the first cheek 3, a step roller 9 and an emergency guide hook 10 are arranged. On the second cheek 5, a stepped roller 11 and an emergency guide hook 12 are arranged. The step roller 9,11 leads the level 1 along a guideway of the escalator. The emergency guide hook 10,12 is supported in case of failure of the step roller 9,11 on an emergency guide the escalator and forces the level 1 back to the track.

Die Stufe 1 ist mittels einer Stufenachse 13 mit der Stufenkette der Fahrtreppe verbunden. Die Stufenachse 13 ist mehrteilig aufgebaut. Ein aus einem Rundmaterial gefertigter Achszapfen 14 ist drehbar in einer als Gleitlager dienenden Buchse 15 der Mittenwange 4 gelagert. An der ersten Wange 3 ist eine als Gleitlager dienende Buchse 16 angeordnet, wobei eine erste Mitnehmerachse 17 einenends in der Buchse 16 drehbar gelagert ist und anderenends mittels einer Bride 18 mit dem Achszapfen 14 der Mittenwange 4 verbunden ist. An der zweiten Wange 5 ist eine als Gleitlager dienende Buchse 19 angeordnet, wobei eine zweite Mitnehmerachse 20 einenends in der Buchse 19 drehbar gelagert ist und anderenends mittels einer Bride 21 mit dem Achszapfen 14 der Mittenwange 4 verbunden ist.The stage 1 is connected by means of a stepped axis 13 with the step chain of the escalator. The stepped axis 13 is constructed in several parts. An axle journal 14 made of a round material is rotatably supported in a sleeve 15 of the center cheek 4 serving as a sliding bearing. On the first cheek 3 serving as a plain bearing bush 16 is arranged, wherein a first driving axle 17 is rotatably mounted at one end in the bushing 16 and the other end is connected by a bridge 18 with the journal 14 of the center cheek 4. On the second cheek 5 serving as a plain bearing bushing 19 is arranged, wherein a second driving axle 20 is rotatably mounted at one end in the sleeve 19 and the other end is connected by means of a bridge 21 with the journal 14 of the center cheek 4.

Die Mitnehmerachsen 17,20 werden vom Blechcoil weg mittels eines Rollumformverfahrens hergestellt und je nach Stufenbreite abgelängt. Bei gelöster Bride 18,21 wird je Seite der Stufe 1 die Mitnehmerachse 17,20 über einen Kettenbolzen der Stufenkette geschoben und die Bride 18,21 wieder festgezogen, womit die Stufe 1 mit der die Stufe 1 bewegenden Stufenkette verbunden ist.The driving axles 17, 20 are produced away from the sheet metal coil by means of a roll forming method and cut to length depending on the step width. When Bride 18,21 dissolved on each side of the stage 1, the driving axis 17,20 pushed over a chain pin of the step chain and the bridge 18,21 tightened again, so that the stage 1 is connected to the step 1 moving step chain.

Die Stufenachse 13 bildet zusammen mit den Kettenbolzen eine durchgehende Achse von einer Kettenrolle zur gegenüberliegenden Kettenrolle. Die Stufe 1 wird somit einenends von den Kettenrollen und anderenends von den Stufenrollen 9,11 getragen.The stepped axle 13, together with the chain pins, forms a continuous axis from one chain roller to the opposite chain roller. The stage 1 is thus supported at one end by the chain rollers and at the other end by the step rollers 9, 11.

Fig. 2 zeigt die komplette Stufe 1 von unten gesehen, bei der das Stufenskelett 2 mit einem Trittelement 22, einer Stufenkante 23 und einem Setzelement 24 ergänzt worden ist. Das Trittelement 22 und/oder das Setzelement 24 kann auch aus mehr als einem Teil bestehen. Beispielsweise kann das einteilige Trittelement 22 oder das einteilige Setzelement 24 längs in Fahrtrichtung gesehen und/oder quer dazu aufgeteilt sein. Das Trittelement 22 wie auch das Setzelement 24 wird in zwei Schritten hergestellt. In einem ersten Schritt wird das vom dem Blechcoil abgezogene Blech gerichtet und mittels einer Zahnwelle zu etwa 50% vorgeformt bzw. vorgewellt und anschließend je nach Auftritt abgelängt. In einem zweiten Schritt wird das vorgeformte Bauteil mittels Tiefziehverfahren zum endgültigen Steg-/Rillenprofil mit Stegen und Rillen umgeformt. Der Bogen BO1 des Setzelementes 24 wird im gleichen Tiefziehverfahren auf einmal hergestellt. Das Trittelement 22 wie auch das Setzelement 24 kann auch in einem Schritt tiefgezogen werden, wobei 3 bis 10 Stege und Rillen tiefgezogen werden, anschließend wird das Tiefziehblech weitergeschoben und wieder 3 bis 10 Stege und Rillen tiefgezogen und so weiter. Gesamthaft wird ein Tiefziehblech von beispielsweise 0,25 bis 1,25 mm Dicke auf 10 bis 15 mm tiefgezogen. Das Steg-/Rillenprofil des Trittelementes 22 weist trägerseitig an jedem zweiten Steg einen kleinen Zahn 25 auf, der mit dem Steg-/Rillenprofil des Setzelementes 24 der benachbarten Stufe kämmt. Der Spalt zwischen den Stufen ist dadurch vorspringend und zurückspringend. Fig. 2 shows the complete stage 1 seen from below, in which the step skeleton 2 has been supplemented with a tread element 22, a step edge 23 and a setting element 24. The tread element 22 and / or the setting element 24 may also consist of more than one part. For example, the one-piece tread element 22 or the one-piece setting element 24 seen longitudinally in the direction of travel and / or be divided transversely thereto. The tread element 22 as well as the setting element 24 is produced in two steps. In a first step, the sheet drawn from the sheet metal coil is directed and by means of a toothed shaft to about 50% preformed or pre-corrugated and then cut to length depending on the appearance. In a second step, the preformed component is formed by means of deep drawing process to the final web / groove profile with webs and grooves. The sheet BO1 of the setting element 24 is produced in the same deep-drawing process at once. The tread element 22 as well as the setting element 24 can also be deep-drawn in one step, wherein 3 to 10 webs and grooves are deep-drawn, then the thermoforming sheet is pushed further and again deep-drawn 3 to 10 webs and grooves and so on. Gesamtthaft a deep-drawn sheet, for example, 0.25 to 1.25 mm thickness is deep drawn to 10 to 15 mm. The web / groove profile of the tread element 22 has on the carrier side on each second web a small tooth 25 which meshes with the web / groove profile of the positioning element 24 of the adjacent step. The gap between the steps is thereby projecting and springing back.

Die beispielsweise aus Keramik oder Naturfaser oder Kunststoff im Spritzgießverfahren oder aus Aluminium im Druckgussverfahren gefertigte Stufenkante 23 wird auf die Brücke 7 aufgesetzt und von unten mit der Brücke 7 beispielsweise verschraubt oder vernietet oder verklebt oder verclincht oder aufgesteckt. Andere Materialien wie Kunststoff, Naturfaserstoffe, Kunstfaserstoffe, GFK, CFK oder NIRO und auch Farben wie gelb, rot, schwarz, blau oder Mischfarben sind möglich. Die Stufenkante 23 ist so ausgebildet, dass das Trittelement 22 wie auch das Setzelement 24 in die Stufenkante 23 eingeschoben werden kann.The example made of ceramic or natural fiber or plastic by injection molding or aluminum die-cast process step 23 is placed on the bridge 7 and screwed from below with the bridge 7, for example, or riveted or glued or verclincht or plugged. Other materials such as plastic, natural fibers, synthetic fibers, GRP, CRP or NIRO and also colors like yellow, red, black, blue or mixed colors are possible. The step edge 23 is formed so that the tread element 22 as well as the setting element 24 can be inserted into the step edge 23.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Seitenansicht der Stufe 1 auf die zweite Wange 5 gesehen. Das Trittelement 22 wird schraubenlos, beispielsweise mittels Punktschweißverfahren mit dem Träger 6 und der Brücke 7 verbunden. Das Setzelement 24 wird in die Stufenkante 23 geschoben und schraubenlos, beispielsweise mittels Punktschweißverfahren oder Clinchverfahren mit der Konsole 8 verbunden. Der Bogen BO1 des Setzelementes 24 folgt im oberen Bereich einem ersten Radius R1 und im unteren Bereich einem zweiten Radius R2, wobei der zweite Radius R2 kleiner ist als der erste Radius R1. Der Bogen BO1 kann auch mehr als zwei unterschiedliche Radien aufweisen. Der Bogen BO1 des Setzelementes 24 geht an der Linie ÜR vom einen Radius in den anderen Radius über. Die Lage der Linie ÜR wird bestimmt durch die kleinste Fahrtreppenneigung von beispielsweise 27°. Bei dieser Neigung wie auch bei größeren Fahrtreppenneigungen von beispielsweise 30° oder 35° ist der Stufenspalt SP1 möglichst klein und immer nahezu gleich. Mit den beiden Radien R1,R2 bleibt der Stufenspalt SP1 zwischen Trittelement 22 und Setzelement 24 der benachbarten Stufe unabhängig von der in den Fig. 6 bis Fig. 9 gezeigten Lage des Stufenspaltes SP1 immer gleich gering. Der Stufenspalt SP1 kann abhängig von der Fahrtreppenneigung leicht größer oder kleiner sein. FIG. 3 shows a side view of the stage 1 seen on the second cheek 5. The tread element 22 is screwless, for example, connected by means of spot welding with the support 6 and the bridge 7. The setting element 24 is pushed into the step edge 23 and screwless, for example, connected by means of spot welding or clinching the console 8. The arc BO1 of the setting element 24 follows in the upper area a first radius R1 and in the lower area a second radius R2, wherein the second radius R2 is smaller than the first radius R1. The arc BO1 can also have more than two different radii. The bow of the BO1 Setzelementes 24 goes on the line ÜR from one radius to the other radius. The position of the line ÜR is determined by the smallest camber inclination of, for example, 27 °. With this inclination as well as with larger cusps, for example, 30 ° or 35 °, the step gap SP1 is as small as possible and always almost the same. With the two radii R1, R2, the step gap SP1 between tread element 22 and setting element 24 of the adjacent stage remains independent of that in the FIG. 6 to FIG. 9 shown position of the step gap SP1 always the same low. The step gap SP1 may be slightly larger or smaller depending on the crawl slope.

R1 ist beispielsweise 447,5 mm und hat seinen Ursprung im mit 0P1 bezeichneten Punkt. R2 ist beispielsweise 380 mm groß und hat seinen Ursprung im mit 0P2 bezeichneten Punkt. Diese Radien gelten für Kettenglieder mit einer Länge von 133,33 mm bzw. für eine Kettenteilung von 133 mm. Bei einer Kettenteilung von 200 mm ergibt sich für R1 beispielsweise 426 mm und für R2 beispielsweise 380 mm. Bei einer Kettenteilung von 400 mm ergibt sich für R1 beispielsweise 410 mm und für R2 beispielsweise 380 mm. Die genaue Lage der Ursprungspunkte 0P1,0P2 ist vermaßt. Die Radien R1,R2 sind empirisch durch Versuche und Konstruktionen ermittelt worden. Weitere Erklärungen hierzu werden mit der Fig. 5 dargelegt.For example, R1 is 447.5 mm and has its origin at the point labeled 0P1. For example, R2 is 380mm tall and has its origin at the point labeled 0P2. These radii are valid for chain links with a length of 133.33 mm or for a chain pitch of 133 mm. For a chain pitch of 200 mm, for example, 426 mm results for R1 and for example, 380 mm for R2. With a chain pitch of 400 mm, for example, 410 mm results for R1 and, for example, 380 mm for R2. The exact location of the origin points 0P1,0P2 is measured. The radii R1, R2 have been determined empirically by experiments and constructions. Further explanations will be provided with the Fig. 5 explained.

Je nach Kundenwunsch sind beispielsweise für das Trittelement 22 und/oder für das Setzelement 24 auch NIRO (rostfreier Stahl), ALU (Aluminium), Kunst-/Naturfaserkomposite, GFK, CFK, Keramik, Kupfer, Messing, Mangan-/Titanblech und so weiter denkbar.Depending on customer requirements, for example, for the tread element 22 and / or for the setting element 24 also NIRO (stainless steel), ALU (aluminum), art / natural fiber composites, GRP, CFRP, ceramics, copper, brass, manganese / titanium sheet and so on conceivable.

Fig. 4 zeigt in dreidimensionaler Ansicht das Trittelement 22 der benachbarten Stufe und das aus einem Tiefziehblech 83 hergestellte Setzelement 24 im Spaltbereich, wobei der Abstand zwischen dem Trittelement 22 und dem Setzelement 24 den Stufenspalt SP1 bildet. Wie die Stufe 1 in Fig. 2 ist auch der dreidimensionale Ausschnitt von unten gesehen gezeigt. Die mit 25 bezeichneten Zähne des Trittelementes 22 kämmen das Steg-/Rillenprofil 80 des Setzelementes 24. Das Steg-/Rillenprofil 80 des Setzelementes 24 besteht aus Stegen 82 und Rillen 81, wobei jeder Steg 82 von unten gesehen (in Pfeilrichtung P2) einen Hohlraum 84 bildet, der zur Aussteifung des Setzelementes 24 mit einer Füllung versehen sein kann. Jeweils ein Zahn 25 reicht in eine benachbarte Rille 81 des Setzelementes 24. Der Stufenspalt SP1 zwischen dem Trittelement 22 und dem Setzelement 24 ist dadurch vorspringend und zurückspringend. Das mittels Tiefziehverfahren umgeformte Tiefziehblech 61 bildet das Steg-/Rillenprofil 66 mit in Fahrtrichtung verlaufenden Stegen 62 und Rillen 63. Die Stege 62 und Rillen 63 bilden das Trittelement 22, wobei die Stege 62 die Trittfläche für die Benutzer der Stufe 1 bzw. der Fahrtreppe bilden. Jeder Steg 62 bildet von unten gesehen (in Pfeilrichtung P2) einen Hohlraum 64. Fig. 4 shows in three-dimensional view, the tread element 22 of the adjacent stage and made of a thermoforming sheet 83 setting element 24 in the gap region, wherein the distance between the tread element 22 and the setting element 24 forms the step gap SP1. Like the level 1 in Fig. 2 is also shown the three-dimensional section seen from below. The designated 25 teeth of the tread element 22 mesh the web / groove profile 80 of the setting element 24. The web / groove profile 80 of the setting element 24 consists of webs 82 and Grooves 81, each web 82 seen from below (in the direction of the arrow P2) forms a cavity 84, which may be provided for stiffening the setting element 24 with a filling. In each case a tooth 25 extends into an adjacent groove 81 of the setting element 24. The step gap SP1 between the tread element 22 and the setting element 24 is thereby projecting and springing back. The thermoforming sheet formed by deep-drawing sheet 61 forms the ridge / groove profile 66 extending in the direction of travel webs 62 and grooves 63. The webs 62 and grooves 63 form the tread element 22, wherein the webs 62, the tread for the users of the level 1 and the escalator form. Each web 62 forms a cavity 64 when viewed from below (in the direction of the arrow P2).

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Fahrtreppe im Übergang vom Schräglauf in den Geradelauf. Dabei ist die sichtbare Stufenhöhe in Fahrtrichtung P3 gesehen abnehmend und wird im Geradelauf 0 mm Höhe. Der Stufenspalt SP1 ändert seine Lage relativ zum Setzelement 24 der Stufe 1 laufend und wandert wie mit einem Pfeil P4 gezeigt von unten nach oben. Der Stufenspalt SP1 ist immer nahezu gleich groß, egal ob die Fahrtreppe sichtbare Stufen 1 bildet oder ob die Fahrtreppe eine Ebene bildet. Bei einem Neigungswinkel von 30° bzw. 35° ist der Stufenspalt SP1 sehr eng, beispielsweise 2,8 mm. Erreicht wird die Treppenbildung bzw. Ebenenbildung durch Laufbahnen 71, die die Stufenrollen 9,11 führen und durch Laufbahnen 72, die die Kettenrollen 73 führen. Der Übergangsbogen der Laufbahnen 71,72 ist mit BO2 und der Radius des Übergangsbogens BO2 ist mit R3 bezeichnet und mindestens 1000 mm groß. Fig. 5 shows an escalator in the transition from the skew to the straight run. The visible step height is seen in the direction of travel P3 decreasing and is in Geradelauf 0 mm height. The step gap SP1 changes its position relative to the setting element 24 of the stage 1 continuously and moves as shown by an arrow P4 from bottom to top. The step gap SP1 is always almost the same size, regardless of whether the escalator forms visible levels 1 or whether the escalator forms a level. At an inclination angle of 30 ° or 35 °, the step gap SP1 is very narrow, for example 2.8 mm. Stair formation or leveling is achieved by raceways 71 which guide the stepped rollers 9, 11 and by raceways 72 which guide the chain rollers 73. The transition arc of the raceways 71,72 is BO2 and the radius of the transition arc BO2 is denoted by R3 and at least 1000 mm in size.

Durch die Abweichung der Stufenkette von der Laufbahn 72 wird der Stufenspalt SP1 im Übergangsbogen BO2 ein wenig kleiner, da die Stufenkette mit Kettengliedern von beispielsweise 133,33 mm oder 200 mm Länge die Bogensehne zum Übergangsbogen BO2 bildet. Die Radien R1 ,R2 des Setzelementes 24 kompensieren diese sich auf den Stufenspalt SP1 auswirkende Verkürzung. Aufgrund der Stufengeometrie und bei kleinem Radius R3 des Übergangsbogens BO2 von beispielsweise 1000 mm bis 1500 mm wird der Stufenspalt SP1 am kleinsten. Bei der schnellen Anhebung des Trittelementes 22 beschreibt die Stufenkette eine deutliche Segmentierung und bildet die größte bzw. stärkste Sehne. Über den Übergangsbogen BO2 ist der Stufenspalt SP1 sehr stark von der Konstruktion des Setzelementes 24 abhängig und veränderbar. Um einen möglichst kleinen Stufenspalt SP1 zu erreichen ist eine Überhöhung des Setzelementes mittels eines größeren Radius R1, beispielsweise 447,5 mm, notwendig. Bei anderen Kettenteilungen haben die Radien eine Größe wie weiter oben dargelegt.Due to the deviation of the step chain from the track 72, the step gap SP1 in the transition arc BO2 a little smaller, since the step chain with chain links, for example, 133.33 mm or 200 mm in length forms the bowstring to the transitional bow BO2. The radii R1, R2 of the setting element 24 compensate for these effects on the step gap SP1 shortening. Due to the step geometry and small radius R3 of the transition arc BO2 of, for example, 1000 mm to 1500 mm, the step gap SP1 am smallest. In the rapid increase of the tread element 22, the step chain describes a clear segmentation and forms the largest or strongest tendon. About the transition arc BO2 the step gap SP1 is very much dependent on the construction of the setting element 24 and changeable. In order to achieve the smallest possible step gap SP1, an elevation of the setting element by means of a larger radius R1, for example 447.5 mm, is necessary. In other chain pitches, the radii have a size as stated above.

Fig. 6 bis Fig. 9 zeigen die Ausschnitte A2 bis A5 der Fig. 5 mit dem gleichbleibenden Stufenspalt SP1 zwischen Setzelement 24 und Trittelement 22 der benachbarten Stufe. Fig. 6 zeigt den Stufenspalt SP1 bei voller Stufenhöhe. Fig. 7 zeigt den Stufenspalt SP1 bei etwa halber Stufenhöhe im Übergangsbereich. Fig. 8 zeigt den Stufenspalt SP1 bei minimaler Stufenhöhe. Fig. 9 zeigt den Stufenspalt SP1 ohne Stufenhöhe im Geradelauf. FIG. 6 to FIG. 9 show the sections A2 to A5 the Fig. 5 with the constant step gap SP1 between the setting element 24 and the step element 22 of the adjacent step. Fig. 6 shows the step gap SP1 at full step height. Fig. 7 shows the step gap SP1 at about half the height in the transition area. Fig. 8 shows the step gap SP1 at minimum step height. Fig. 9 shows the step gap SP1 without step height in Geradelauf.

Claims (11)

  1. Step (1) for an escalator, with a step skeleton (2), which is made from sheet metal parts, as support for at least one tread element (22) and at least one riser element (24), wherein the riser element (24) has a web/groove profile (80), which is produced from deep-drawn sheet metal (83), with webs (82) and grooves (81) and each web (82) has a cavity (84) as seen from the riser element underside (P2) and the riser element (24) extends curvilinearly, characterised in that the curve (BO1) of the riser element (24) has at least two different radii (R1, R2), wherein the regions with the different radii (R1, R2) go over smoothly into one another and the concave sides of both regions face the interior of the step.
  2. Step according to claim 1, characterised in that the curve (BO1) has a first radius (R1) in the upper region, i.e. in the region adjacent to the tread element, and a second radius (R2) in the lower region, wherein the second radius (R2) is smaller than the first radius (R1).
  3. Step according to claim 2, characterised in that the first radius (R1) is approximately 447.5 millimetres and the second radius (R2) approximately 380 millimetres.
  4. Step according to claim 2, characterised in that the first radius (R1) is approximately 426 millimetres and the second radius (R2) approximately 380 millimetres.
  5. Step according to claim 2, characterised in that the first radius (R1) is approximately 410 millimetres and the second radius (R2) approximately 380 millimetres.
  6. Step according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a step gap (SP1) remaining between the steps (1) is at most 2.8 millimetres.
  7. Step according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the deep-drawn sheet metal (83) contains microalloying additives such as niobium and/or titanium and/or manganese and the web/groove profile (80) is deep-drawn to 10 to 15 millimetres in the case of a sheet metal thickness of 0.25 to 1.25 millimetres.
  8. Step according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the elastic limit of the deep-drawn sheet metal (83) is in the range of 380 N/mm2 to 520 N/mm2 and the yield point of the deep-drawn sheet metal is in the range of 440 N/mm2 to 590 N/mm2.
  9. Step according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the elastic limit of the deep-drawn sheet metal is in the range of 790 N/mm2 to 1020 N/mm2 and the yield point of the deep-drawn sheet metal is in the range of 900 N/mm2 to 1100 N/mm2.
  10. Step according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the sheet metal thickness of the deep-drawn sheet metal is 0.4 millimetres.
  11. Escalator with at least one step according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
EP08804833.5A 2007-10-01 2008-09-26 Step for a moving staircase or pallet for and moving staircase with such a step Active EP2200923B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08804833.5A EP2200923B1 (en) 2007-10-01 2008-09-26 Step for a moving staircase or pallet for and moving staircase with such a step

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07117651 2007-10-01
EP08804833.5A EP2200923B1 (en) 2007-10-01 2008-09-26 Step for a moving staircase or pallet for and moving staircase with such a step
PCT/EP2008/062965 WO2009047144A1 (en) 2007-10-01 2008-09-26 Step for escalator, and escalator having a step of this type

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2200923A1 EP2200923A1 (en) 2010-06-30
EP2200923B1 true EP2200923B1 (en) 2016-07-06

Family

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EP08804833.5A Active EP2200923B1 (en) 2007-10-01 2008-09-26 Step for a moving staircase or pallet for and moving staircase with such a step

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US (1) US8220612B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2200923B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101488552B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101815668B (en)
AU (1) AU2008309742B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0817653B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2699295C (en)
ES (1) ES2595352T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1146032A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2010003537A (en)
NZ (1) NZ583997A (en)
PL (1) PL2200923T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2487076C2 (en)
UA (1) UA99926C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2009047144A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201002844B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101263074B (en) * 2005-09-16 2013-03-27 奥蒂斯电梯公司 Optically monitoring comb-line of escalators and moving walks
ES2411982B1 (en) * 2011-06-24 2014-03-11 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Innovation Center, S.A. STEP FOR MECHANICAL STAIRS AND MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE
CN103213894A (en) * 2013-04-18 2013-07-24 南通江中光电有限公司 Energy-saving and environment-friendly ladder rung of escalator
CN105293267B (en) * 2015-12-03 2017-10-03 南通江中光电有限公司 The step and its pressure casting method of a kind of escalator
EP3181504B1 (en) * 2015-12-17 2022-02-02 GF Casting Solutions Suzhou Co. Ltd. Step element and method of manufacturing a step element
EP3181505B1 (en) * 2015-12-17 2019-04-03 GF Casting Solutions Suzhou Co. Ltd. Step formed as one-piece light metal die casting
CN105537952B (en) * 2016-01-15 2017-04-12 江苏飞亚金属制品有限公司 Method and device for processing steps
DE102016014358A1 (en) 2016-11-24 2018-05-24 Ulf Meyer Escalator and step for an escalator

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JPS5016282A (en) * 1973-06-20 1975-02-20
JPS5918315B2 (en) * 1978-06-05 1984-04-26 株式会社日立製作所 man conveyor steps
DE3441845A1 (en) * 1983-11-17 1985-06-13 Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokio/Tokyo ARC ROLLER STAIRS WITH SEGMENT LEVELS
JPH0635314B2 (en) 1985-03-01 1994-05-11 株式会社日立製作所 Man conveyor tread
US4635462A (en) * 1985-09-26 1987-01-13 Diversified Manufacturing Corporation Corrugating die shoe assemblies
JPH0616906B2 (en) * 1986-05-16 1994-03-09 株式会社日立製作所 Wave mountain plate forming equipment
US4984673A (en) * 1988-03-07 1991-01-15 Hitachi, Ltd. Step of passenger conveyor method of manufacturing same, and wavy metal plate
SU1678744A1 (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-09-23 Московский Институт Инженеров Железнодорожного Транспорта Escalator step
US5050721A (en) * 1990-09-11 1991-09-24 Otis Elevator Company Step riser profile for curved escalator
US6978876B1 (en) * 1999-09-07 2005-12-27 Otis Elevator Company Step for escalator
JP2001310889A (en) * 2000-04-28 2001-11-06 Hitachi Building Systems Co Ltd Footstep for passenger conveyor
JP4187971B2 (en) * 2002-01-21 2008-11-26 三菱電機株式会社 Inclined part high-speed escalator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2200923T3 (en) 2017-01-31
ES2595352T3 (en) 2016-12-29
US20100282570A1 (en) 2010-11-11
BRPI0817653B1 (en) 2019-11-05
RU2010117229A (en) 2011-11-10
BRPI0817653A2 (en) 2015-09-29
AU2008309742B2 (en) 2014-05-29
KR20100080826A (en) 2010-07-12
AU2008309742A1 (en) 2009-04-16
RU2487076C2 (en) 2013-07-10
CA2699295C (en) 2016-01-26
EP2200923A1 (en) 2010-06-30
CN101815668A (en) 2010-08-25
MX2010003537A (en) 2010-04-14
WO2009047144A1 (en) 2009-04-16
UA99926C2 (en) 2012-10-25
ZA201002844B (en) 2012-01-25
NZ583997A (en) 2012-09-28
CA2699295A1 (en) 2009-04-16
HK1146032A1 (en) 2011-05-13
US8220612B2 (en) 2012-07-17
CN101815668B (en) 2012-09-05
KR101488552B1 (en) 2015-02-02

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