EP2186571A2 - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Centrifugal separator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2186571A2
EP2186571A2 EP09012607A EP09012607A EP2186571A2 EP 2186571 A2 EP2186571 A2 EP 2186571A2 EP 09012607 A EP09012607 A EP 09012607A EP 09012607 A EP09012607 A EP 09012607A EP 2186571 A2 EP2186571 A2 EP 2186571A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifugal separator
dip tube
housing cover
separator according
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09012607A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2186571A3 (en
EP2186571B1 (en
Inventor
Johann Böschen
Fred Kaminski
Guido Pütz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWE Power AG
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RWE Power AG
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Publication date
Application filed by RWE Power AG filed Critical RWE Power AG
Priority to SI200931638A priority Critical patent/SI2186571T1/en
Priority to PL09012607T priority patent/PL2186571T3/en
Publication of EP2186571A2 publication Critical patent/EP2186571A2/en
Publication of EP2186571A3 publication Critical patent/EP2186571A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2186571B1 publication Critical patent/EP2186571B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifugal separator with a housing forming at least one swirl chamber with at least one tangential inlet, with a lower discharge in the installation position for the heavy components deposited in the centrifugal field and with a discharge passing through a housing cover in relation to the installation position, which discharges into the Housing extending dip tube includes.
  • the invention relates to a recycle cyclone for the bed material of a fluidized bed boiler or a fluidized bed combustor or a fluidized bed gasifier.
  • centrifugal separators include a dip tube extending into the housing of the centrifugal separator.
  • the immersion tube must be installed as smoke-tight as possible in the housing covering a refractory lining in order to avoid short-circuit currents.
  • This dip tube is constantly exposed to process temperatures of up to 900 ° C. This is usually made of scale-resistant sheet steel.
  • the dip tube is passed through the housing cover and circumferentially sealed with fiber insulation.
  • the dip tube of a known construction for example suspended in a jacket tube connected to the housing cover, such that the weight of the dip tube is taken up exclusively by the jacket tube.
  • the dip tube is enclosed because of its passage through the housing cover over its entire circumference of the refractory lining of the housing cover.
  • the circulating ashes from the fluidized bed combustion settle in the design-related gaps and cavities between the dip tube and the housing cover. Due to temperature changes and different thermal expansions of dip tube on the one hand and housing cover on the other hand, it often comes to high pressure forces on the dip tube.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to improve a centrifugal separator of the type mentioned in that its life, in particular the service life of the dip tube is increased.
  • centrifugal separator with a housing forming at least one vortex chamber, with at least one tangential inlet, with a lower discharge in the installation position for the heavy components deposited in the centrifugal field and with a discharge passing through a housing cover in relation to the installation position, which discharge includes immersion tube extending into the housing, wherein the centrifugal separator according to the invention is characterized in that the dip tube is connected to the vortex chamber facing side of the housing cover.
  • the immersion tube is circumferentially kept free of forces that are due to the different thermal expansions of refractory material on the one hand and steel on the other hand.
  • the immersion tube is suspended on a support ring connected to the side of the housing cover facing away from the vortex chamber, with the housing cover being interposed. In this way it is ensured that the housing cover does not have to absorb the weight of the dip tube.
  • the dip tube is sealed frontally against the vortex chamber facing side of the cyclone ceiling.
  • the construction of the invention ensures a minimization of the direct contact of steel and refractory lining and a simple and better seal.
  • the construction in particular prepares no expansion problems.
  • the dip tube is cylindrical and is provided with an annular connecting flange which is concentric with the longitudinal axis of the dip tube.
  • Such a dip tube is structurally particularly simple and can be exchanged particularly easily due to its cylindrical configuration.
  • the support ring is connected to a jacket tube of the upper discharge so that the jacket tube receives the weight of the dip tube. It is expedient if the support ring is arranged eccentrically with respect to the jacket tube, so that the inlet bevel is formed in the region of the transition between the jacket tube and dip tube in the jacket tube and thus in the mortared refractory region.
  • the support ring is provided with radially extending slots with which a thermal expansion in the circumferential direction of the support ring is collected.
  • the tie rods are secured at least against the support ring and against the connecting flange of the dip tube with wedges. This wedging of the tie rods ensures a simple even with longer life Replacing the dip tube. Such wedging is hardly susceptible to increased temperature effects and hot changes.
  • the tie rods pass through bores of the support ring and / or the housing cover and / or the connecting flange, whose diameter is significantly larger than the diameter of the tie rods.
  • the dip tube is composed of several pipe sections of different steel grades is particularly advantageous.
  • a pipe shot with a steel quality of increased heat resistance can be used, then steel grades of lower heat resistance can subsequently be used in the direction of gravity.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic view of the centrifugal separator 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1 shown.
  • the centrifugal separator 1 according to the described embodiment is designed as a recycling cyclone for the bed material of a fluidized bed combustion. This comprises a housing 2 with a tangential inlet 3 and a lower position 4 in the installation position for the bed material discharged from the centrifugal field of the swirl chamber 5 formed by the housing 2.
  • the vortex chamber 5 is bounded at its upper end in the installed position by a housing cover 6.
  • the housing cover 6 and the majority of the housing 2 are provided inside with a refractory lining 7.
  • a second discharge 8 for the purified exhaust gas passes through the housing cover 6 approximately centrally, wherein the second discharge 8 in a known manner comprises a dip tube 9 which projects into the vortex chamber 5.
  • the dip tube 9 is composed of several pipe sections 10 and provided on its housing cover 6 facing side with an annular connecting flange 11, which is braced with the interposition of a prestressed mineral seal against the swirl chamber 5 facing side of the housing cover 6.
  • the connecting flange 11 is provided over its entire circumference with a plurality of holes 12 through which the dip tube 9 is attached via tie rods 13 against the housing cover 6.
  • a circular opening 14 is provided, whose diameter corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the dip tube 9 and on the periphery of which bores 15 for receiving the tie rods 13 are also provided.
  • the tie rods 13 are supported on the side facing away from the vortex chamber 5 of the housing cover 6 on a support ring 16, which in turn is firmly connected to the jacket tube 17 of the second discharge 8 and is part of the jacket tube 17.
  • the tie rods 13 are respectively wedged or braced on both sides of the housing cover 6 via wedges 18 and washers 19. In this way, the dip tube 9 is suspended through the housing cover 6 through the support ring 16 on the casing tube 17, as shown schematically in FIG FIG. 3 is shown.
  • FIG. 3 shows the arrangement without the provided therebetween housing cover 6 and without a refractory or mortar delivery.
  • the jacket tube 17 and the support ring 16 are also provided with a refractory lining 7, in such a way that the transition from the jacket tube 17 is designed in the dip tube 9 as a partial conical or oblique inlet.
  • the upper outer edge of the support ring 16 in installation position is arranged eccentrically with respect to the lower inner edge in the installation position, so that a funnel-shaped bevel 20 results in the transition region defined by the support ring 16 of the casing tube 17 in the dip tube 9.
  • the support ring 16 forms in cross section an approximately L-shaped profile with a first leg 21 which extends approximately parallel to the connecting flange and a second leg 22 which extends perpendicular thereto.
  • the second leg 22 extends parallel to the lateral surface of the jacket tube 17.
  • the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 of the support ring profile are connected to each other via gusset plates 23.
  • the gusset plates 23 are welded into the support ring profile.
  • the connection flange 11 of the dip tube 9 is reinforced with gusset plates 23.
  • the diameter of the bores 12 in the connection flange 11 is dimensioned significantly larger than the diameter of the tie rods 13.
  • FIG. 4 is parallel to the connecting flange 11 extending first leg 21 of the support ring 16 with approximately radially with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the dip tube 9 extending relief slots 24 provided that prevent any build-up of tension in the circumferential direction of the support ring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

The cyclone dust collector (1) has a housing (2) forming a turbulence chamber (5) with a tangential inlet (3) with a lower outlet (4) in the position of installation for massive components isolated in the centrifugal field. An outlet (8) is provided, which comprises an immersion pipe (9) extending in the housing. The immersion pipe is connected to the side of the housing cover (6) facing the centrifugal chamber. The immersion pipe is composed of cylindrical pipe sections made of different steel qualities.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fliehkraftabscheider mit einem wenigstens eine Wirbelkammer bildenden Gehäuse mit wenigstens einem tangentialen Einlauf, mit einem in Einbaulage unteren Austrag für die im Zentrifugalfeld abgeschiedenen schweren Bestandteile und mit einem bezogen auf die Einbaulage oberen, eine Gehäusedecke durchsetzenden Austrag, welcher ein sich in das Gehäuse erstreckendes Tauchrohr umfasst.The invention relates to a centrifugal separator with a housing forming at least one swirl chamber with at least one tangential inlet, with a lower discharge in the installation position for the heavy components deposited in the centrifugal field and with a discharge passing through a housing cover in relation to the installation position, which discharges into the Housing extending dip tube includes.

Die Erfindung betrifft insbesondere einen Rückführzyklon für das Bettmaterial eines Wirbelschichtkessels bzw. einer Wirbelschichtfeuerung oder eines Wirbelschichtvergasers.More particularly, the invention relates to a recycle cyclone for the bed material of a fluidized bed boiler or a fluidized bed combustor or a fluidized bed gasifier.

Insbesondere bei Wirbelschichtfeuerungen mit zirkulierender Wirbelschicht wird ein guter Zyklonabscheidegrad bei einem niedrigen Trennkorn angestrebt. Solche Fliehkraftabscheider umfassen ein sich in das Gehäuse des Fliehkraftabscheiders erstreckendes Tauchrohr. Das Tauchrohr muss möglichst rauchgasdicht in die eine feuerfeste Auskleidung umfassende Gehäusedecke eingebaut sein, um Kurzschlussströmungen zu vermeiden. Dieses Tauchrohr ist ständig Prozesstemperaturen von bis zu 900 °C ausgesetzt. Dieses wird üblicherweise aus zunderbeständigem Stahlblech hergestellt.In particular, in fluidized bed combustors with circulating fluidized bed a good Zyklonabscheidegrad is sought at a low separation grain. Such centrifugal separators include a dip tube extending into the housing of the centrifugal separator. The immersion tube must be installed as smoke-tight as possible in the housing covering a refractory lining in order to avoid short-circuit currents. This dip tube is constantly exposed to process temperatures of up to 900 ° C. This is usually made of scale-resistant sheet steel.

Bei bekannten Fliehkraftabscheidern ist das Tauchrohr durch die Gehäusedecke hindurch geführt und umfänglich mit Faserdämmstoffen abgedichtet. Dabei wird das Tauchrohr einer bekannten Konstruktion, beispielsweise in einem an die Gehäusedecke angeschlossenen Mantelrohr abgehängt, derart, dass die Gewichtskraft des Tauchrohrs ausschließlich von dem Mantelrohr aufgenommen wird. Das Tauchrohr ist dabei wegen seiner Hindurchführung durch die Gehäusedecke über seinen gesamten Umfang von der Feuerfestauskleidung der Gehäusedecke umschlossen. Die umlaufende Asche aus der Wirbelschichtfeuerung setzt sich in die konstruktionsbedingten Spalten und Hohlräume zwischen Tauchrohr und Gehäusedecke. Durch Temperaturwechsel und unterschiedliche Wärmeausdehnungen von Tauchrohr einerseits und Gehäusedecke andererseits kommt es häufig zu hohen Druckkräften auf das Tauchrohr. Durch die hohen Druckkräfte und die verhältnismäßig geringe Warmfestigkeit des für das Tauchrohr üblicherweise verwendeten Werkstoffs kommt es zu starken Deformationen des Tauchrohrs im Auflagerbereich. Die ersten Folgen sind Leckagen und unerwünschte Kurzschlussströmungen. Ab einem bestimmten Grad der Deformation des Tauchrohrs ist dann eine sichere Fixierung des Tauchrohrs in oder oberhalb der Gehäusedecke nicht mehr gegeben. Hierdurch wird die Standzeit des Fliehkraftabscheiders erheblich reduziert. Eine Reparatur ist aufwändig, da im Reparaturfall die Feuerfestauskleidung der Gehäusedecke entfernt und erneut zugestellt werden muss.In known centrifugal separators the dip tube is passed through the housing cover and circumferentially sealed with fiber insulation. In this case, the dip tube of a known construction, for example suspended in a jacket tube connected to the housing cover, such that the weight of the dip tube is taken up exclusively by the jacket tube. The dip tube is enclosed because of its passage through the housing cover over its entire circumference of the refractory lining of the housing cover. The circulating ashes from the fluidized bed combustion settle in the design-related gaps and cavities between the dip tube and the housing cover. Due to temperature changes and different thermal expansions of dip tube on the one hand and housing cover on the other hand, it often comes to high pressure forces on the dip tube. Due to the high pressure forces and the relative low heat resistance of the material commonly used for the dip tube, there is a strong deformation of the dip tube in the support area. The first consequences are leaks and unwanted short-circuit currents. From a certain degree of deformation of the dip tube then a secure fixation of the dip tube in or above the housing cover is no longer given. As a result, the service life of the centrifugal separator is significantly reduced. A repair is complex, because in case of repair, the refractory lining of the housing cover must be removed and re-delivered.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, einen Fliehkraftabscheider der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass dessen Standzeit, insbesondere die Standzeit des Tauchrohres erhöht wird.The invention is therefore based on the object to improve a centrifugal separator of the type mentioned in that its life, in particular the service life of the dip tube is increased.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Fliehkraftabscheider mit einem wenigstens eine Wirbelkammer bildenden Gehäuse, mit wenigstens einem tangentialen Einlauf, mit einem in Einbaulage unteren Austrag für die im Zentrifugalfeld abgeschiedenen schweren Bestandteile und mit einem bezogen auf die Einbaulage oberen, eine Gehäusedecke durchsetzenden Austrag, welcher ein sich in das Gehäuse erstreckendes Tauchrohr umfasst, wobei sich der Fliehkraftabscheider gemäß Erfindung dadurch auszeichnet, dass das Tauchrohr an die der Wirbelkammer zugekehrte Seite der Gehäusedecke angeschlossen ist.The object is achieved by a centrifugal separator with a housing forming at least one vortex chamber, with at least one tangential inlet, with a lower discharge in the installation position for the heavy components deposited in the centrifugal field and with a discharge passing through a housing cover in relation to the installation position, which discharge includes immersion tube extending into the housing, wherein the centrifugal separator according to the invention is characterized in that the dip tube is connected to the vortex chamber facing side of the housing cover.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung des Fliehkraftabscheiders wird insbesondere das Tauchrohr umfänglich von Kräften freigehalten, die durch die unterschiedlichen Wärmeausdehnungen von Feuerfestmaterial einerseits und Stahl andererseits bedingt sind.Due to the design of the centrifugal separator according to the invention, in particular the immersion tube is circumferentially kept free of forces that are due to the different thermal expansions of refractory material on the one hand and steel on the other hand.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Variante des Fliehkraftabscheiders gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Tauchrohr an einem an die der Wirbelkammer abgekehrte Seite der Gehäusedecke angeschlossenen Tragring unter Zwischenlage der Gehäusedecke abgehängt ist. Auf diese Art und Weise wird sichergestellt, dass die Gehäusedecke die Gewichtskraft des Tauchrohres nicht aufnehmen muss.In an advantageous variant of the centrifugal separator according to the invention, it is provided that the immersion tube is suspended on a support ring connected to the side of the housing cover facing away from the vortex chamber, with the housing cover being interposed. In this way it is ensured that the housing cover does not have to absorb the weight of the dip tube.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist das Tauchrohr stirnseitig gegen die der Wirbelkammer zugekehrte Seite der Zyklondecke abgedichtet. Insgesamt gewährleistet die erfindungsgemäße Konstruktion eine Minimierung des direkten Kontakts von Stahl und Feuerfestauskleidung und eine einfache und bessere Abdichtung. Die Konstruktion bereitet insbesondere keine Dehnungsprobleme.Appropriately, the dip tube is sealed frontally against the vortex chamber facing side of the cyclone ceiling. Overall, the construction of the invention ensures a minimization of the direct contact of steel and refractory lining and a simple and better seal. The construction in particular prepares no expansion problems.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Variante des Fliehkraftabscheiders gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Tauchrohr zylindrisch ausgebildet ist und mit einem ringförmigen Anschlussflansch versehen ist, der zur Längsachse des Tauchrohrs konzentrisch ist. Ein solches Tauchrohr ist konstruktiv besonders einfach und lässt sich auf Grund seiner zylindrischen Ausgestaltung besonders einfach austauschen.In an advantageous variant of the centrifugal separator according to the invention it is provided that the dip tube is cylindrical and is provided with an annular connecting flange which is concentric with the longitudinal axis of the dip tube. Such a dip tube is structurally particularly simple and can be exchanged particularly easily due to its cylindrical configuration.

Zur Verbesserung des Abscheidegrades von Fliehkraftabscheidern der zuvor beschriebenen Art ist es bekannt und sinnvoll, den Einlauf des Tauchrohres abzuschrägen. Bei bisherigen Konstruktionen wurde dies durch exzentrisch zueinander angeordnete Rohrschüsse mit verschiedenen Durchmessern bewerkstelligt.To improve the degree of separation of centrifugal separators of the type described above, it is known and useful to bevel the inlet of the dip tube. In previous constructions, this was accomplished by eccentrically arranged pipe sections with different diameters.

Erfindungsgemäß ist nunmehr vorgesehen, dass der Tragring mit einem Mantelrohr des oberen Austrags so verbunden ist, dass das Mantelrohr die Gewichtskraft des Tauchrohrs aufnimmt. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, wenn der Tragring in Bezug auf das Mantelrohr exzentrisch angeordnet ist, so dass die Einlaufschräge im Bereich des Übergangs zwischen Mantelrohr und Tauchrohr im Mantelrohr und somit in dem vermörtelten Feuerfestbereich ausgebildet wird.According to the invention it is now provided that the support ring is connected to a jacket tube of the upper discharge so that the jacket tube receives the weight of the dip tube. It is expedient if the support ring is arranged eccentrically with respect to the jacket tube, so that the inlet bevel is formed in the region of the transition between the jacket tube and dip tube in the jacket tube and thus in the mortared refractory region.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist es, wenn der Tragring mit sich radial erstreckenden Schlitzen versehen ist, mit welchen eine Wärmedehnung in Umfangsrichtung des Tragrings aufgefangen wird.It is particularly useful if the support ring is provided with radially extending slots with which a thermal expansion in the circumferential direction of the support ring is collected.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Variante des Fliehkraftabscheiders gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Zugstangen wenigstens gegen den Tragring und gegen den Anschlussflansch des Tauchrohres mit Keilen gesichert sind. Diese Verkeilung der Zugstangen gewährleistet auch bei längerer Standzeit ein einfaches Austauschen des Tauchrohrs. Eine solche Verkeilung ist kaum anfällig für erhöhte Temperatureinwirkungen und Warmwechsel.In a particularly preferred variant of the centrifugal separator according to the invention it is provided that the tie rods are secured at least against the support ring and against the connecting flange of the dip tube with wedges. This wedging of the tie rods ensures a simple even with longer life Replacing the dip tube. Such wedging is hardly susceptible to increased temperature effects and hot changes.

Um Verformungskräften in Umfangsrichtung des Tauchrohres entgegenzuwirken, ist bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Fliehkraftabscheiders gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Zugstangen Bohrungen des Tragrings und/oder der Gehäusedecke und/oder des Anschlussflansches durchsetzen, deren Durchmesser signifikant größer als der Durchmesser der Zugstangen ist.In order to counteract deformation forces in the circumferential direction of the dip tube, it is provided in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the centrifugal separator according to the invention that the tie rods pass through bores of the support ring and / or the housing cover and / or the connecting flange, whose diameter is significantly larger than the diameter of the tie rods.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Tauchrohr aus mehreren Rohrschüssen unterschiedlicher Stahlqualitäten zusammengesetzt ist. Im Bereich des ringförmigen Anschlussflanschs kann ein Rohrschuss mit einer Stahlqualität erhöhter Warmfestigkeit Anwendung finden, daran anschließend können in Schwerkraftrichtung Stahlqualitäten geringerer Warmfestigkeit Anwendung finden.It when the dip tube is composed of several pipe sections of different steel grades is particularly advantageous. In the area of the annular connection flange, a pipe shot with a steel quality of increased heat resistance can be used, then steel grades of lower heat resistance can subsequently be used in the direction of gravity.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert.The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
eine schematische Ansicht eines Fliehkraftabscheiders gemäß der Erfindung,
Figur 2:
eine vergrößerte Schnittansicht durch den Fliehkraftabscheider im Bereich des Ausschnitts II in Figur 1,
Figur 3:
eine perspektivische Ansicht der Anordnung von Mantelrohr, Tragring und Tauchrohr,
Figur 4:
eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linien IV-IV in Figur 3,
Figur 5:
eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linien V-V in Figur 4 und
Figur 6:
eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils VI in Figur 5.
Show it:
FIG. 1:
a schematic view of a centrifugal separator according to the invention,
FIG. 2:
an enlarged sectional view through the centrifugal separator in the region of the section II in FIG. 1 .
FIG. 3:
a perspective view of the arrangement of casing tube, support ring and dip tube,
FIG. 4:
a sectional view taken along the lines IV-IV in FIG. 3 .
FIG. 5:
a sectional view taken along the lines VV in FIG. 4 and
FIG. 6:
a view in the direction of arrow VI in FIG. 5 ,

Eine schematische Ansicht des Fliehkraftabscheiders 1 gemäß der Erfindung ist in Figur 1 dargestellt. Der Fliehkraftabscheider 1 gemäß dem beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel ist als Rückführzyklon für das Bettmaterial einer Wirbelschichtfeuerung ausgebildet. Dieser umfasst ein Gehäuse 2 mit einem tangentialen Einlauf 3 und einem in Einbaulage unteren Austrag 4 für das aus dem Zentrifugalfeld der durch das Gehäuse 2 gebildeten Wirbelkammer 5 ausgetragene Bettmaterial.A schematic view of the centrifugal separator 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG FIG. 1 shown. The centrifugal separator 1 according to the described embodiment is designed as a recycling cyclone for the bed material of a fluidized bed combustion. This comprises a housing 2 with a tangential inlet 3 and a lower position 4 in the installation position for the bed material discharged from the centrifugal field of the swirl chamber 5 formed by the housing 2.

Die Wirbelkammer 5 wird an ihrem in Einbaulage oberen Ende durch eine Gehäusedecke 6 begrenzt. Die Gehäusedecke 6 und der überwiegende Teil des Gehäuses 2 sind im Inneren mit einer Feuerfestauskleidung 7 versehen.The vortex chamber 5 is bounded at its upper end in the installed position by a housing cover 6. The housing cover 6 and the majority of the housing 2 are provided inside with a refractory lining 7.

Ein zweiter Austrag 8 für das gereinigte Abgas durchsetzt die Gehäusedecke 6 etwa zentral, wobei der zweite Austrag 8 in bekannter Art und Weise ein Tauchrohr 9 umfasst, welches in die Wirbelkammer 5 hineinragt.A second discharge 8 for the purified exhaust gas passes through the housing cover 6 approximately centrally, wherein the second discharge 8 in a known manner comprises a dip tube 9 which projects into the vortex chamber 5.

Über den Einlauf 3 gelangt Abgas mit Bettmaterial in die Wirbelkammer 5. Unter der Einwirkung der dort vorherrschenden Zentrifugalkräfte wird das schwerere Material von dem leichteren Material getrennt. Das auszuhaltende Bettmaterial wird über den Austrag 4 der Wirbelschichtfeuerung wieder zugeführt. Das gereinigte heiße Gas verlässt die Wirbelkammer 5 über das Tauchrohr 9.Exhaust gas with bed material enters the vortex chamber 5 via the inlet 3. Under the action of the centrifugal forces prevailing there, the heavier material is separated from the lighter material. The bed material to be sustained is fed back via the discharge 4 of the fluidized bed combustion. The cleaned hot gas leaves the vortex chamber 5 via the dip tube 9.

Wie dies aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, ist das Tauchrohr 9 aus mehreren Rohrschüssen 10 zusammengesetzt und auf seiner der Gehäusedecke 6 zugekehrten Seite mit einem ringförmigen Anschlussflansch 11 versehen, welcher unter Zwischenlage einer vorgespannten mineralischen Dichtung gegen die der Wirbelkammer 5 zugekehrte Seite der Gehäusedecke 6 verspannt ist. Der Anschlussflansch 11 ist über seinen gesamten Umfang mit einer Vielzahl von Bohrungen 12 versehen, durch die das Tauchrohr 9 über Zugstangen 13 gegen die Gehäusedecke 6 befestigt ist. In der Gehäusedecke 6 ist eine kreisrunde Öffnung 14 vorgesehen, deren Durchmesser etwa dem Innendurchmesser des Tauchrohres 9 entspricht und an deren Umfang ebenfalls Bohrungen 15 zur Aufnahme der Zugstangen 13 vorgesehen sind. Die Zugstangen 13 sind auf der der Wirbelkammer 5 abgekehrten Seite der Gehäusedecke 6 auf einem Tragring 16 abgestützt, welcher wiederum fest mit dem Mantelrohr 17 des zweiten Austrags 8 verbunden ist bzw. Bestandteil des Mantelrohrs 17 ist. Die Zugstangen 13 sind jeweils beidseitig der Gehäusedecke 6 über Keile 18 und Unterlegscheiben 19 verkeilt bzw. verspannt. Auf diese Art und Weise ist das Tauchrohr 9 durch die Gehäusedecke 6 hindurch über den Tragring 16 an dem Mantelrohr 17 abgehängt, wie dies schematisch in Figur 3 dargestellt ist. Figur 3 zeigt die Anordnung ohne die dazwischen vorgesehene Gehäusedecke 6 und ohne eine Feuerfest- bzw. Mörtelzustellung.Like this FIG. 2 it can be seen, the dip tube 9 is composed of several pipe sections 10 and provided on its housing cover 6 facing side with an annular connecting flange 11, which is braced with the interposition of a prestressed mineral seal against the swirl chamber 5 facing side of the housing cover 6. The connecting flange 11 is provided over its entire circumference with a plurality of holes 12 through which the dip tube 9 is attached via tie rods 13 against the housing cover 6. In the housing cover 6, a circular opening 14 is provided, whose diameter corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the dip tube 9 and on the periphery of which bores 15 for receiving the tie rods 13 are also provided. The tie rods 13 are supported on the side facing away from the vortex chamber 5 of the housing cover 6 on a support ring 16, which in turn is firmly connected to the jacket tube 17 of the second discharge 8 and is part of the jacket tube 17. The tie rods 13 are respectively wedged or braced on both sides of the housing cover 6 via wedges 18 and washers 19. In this way, the dip tube 9 is suspended through the housing cover 6 through the support ring 16 on the casing tube 17, as shown schematically in FIG FIG. 3 is shown. FIG. 3 shows the arrangement without the provided therebetween housing cover 6 and without a refractory or mortar delivery.

Wie dies insbesondere aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, sind das Mantelrohr 17 und der Tragring 16 ebenfalls mit einer Feuerfestauskleidung 7 versehen, und zwar derart, dass der Übergang vom Mantelrohr 17 in das Tauchrohr 9 als teilweise konischer bzw. schräger Einlauf gestaltet ist. Um dies zu bewerkstelligen, ist der in Einbaulage obere Außenrand des Tragrings 16 im Bezug auf den in Einbaulage unteren Innenrand exzentrisch angeordnet, so dass sich eine trichterförmige Schräge 20 in die durch den Tragring 16 definierten Übergangsbereich von dem Mantelrohr 17 in das Tauchrohr 9 ergibt. Der Tragring 16 bildet im Querschnitt ein etwa L-förmiges Profil mit einem ersten Schenkel 21, der sich in etwa parallel an dem Anschlussflansch erstreckt und einem zweiten Schenkel 22, welcher sich senkrecht hierzu erstreckt. Der zweite Schenkel 22 erstreckt sich parallel zu der Mantelfläche des Mantelrohres 17. Der erste Schenkel 21 und der zweite Schenkel 22 des Tragringprofils sind über Knotenbleche 23 miteinander verbunden. Die Knotenbleche 23 sind in das Tragringprofil eingeschweißt. Ebenso ist der Anschlussflansch 11 des Tauchrohrs 9 mit Knotenblechen 23 verstärkt.How this particular out FIG. 2 it can be seen, the jacket tube 17 and the support ring 16 are also provided with a refractory lining 7, in such a way that the transition from the jacket tube 17 is designed in the dip tube 9 as a partial conical or oblique inlet. To accomplish this, the upper outer edge of the support ring 16 in installation position is arranged eccentrically with respect to the lower inner edge in the installation position, so that a funnel-shaped bevel 20 results in the transition region defined by the support ring 16 of the casing tube 17 in the dip tube 9. The support ring 16 forms in cross section an approximately L-shaped profile with a first leg 21 which extends approximately parallel to the connecting flange and a second leg 22 which extends perpendicular thereto. The second leg 22 extends parallel to the lateral surface of the jacket tube 17. The first leg 21 and the second leg 22 of the support ring profile are connected to each other via gusset plates 23. The gusset plates 23 are welded into the support ring profile. Likewise, the connection flange 11 of the dip tube 9 is reinforced with gusset plates 23.

Um einem Spannungsaufbau in Umfangsrichtung des Tauchrohres 9 vorzubeugen, ist der Durchmesser der Bohrungen 12 in dem Anschlussflansch 11 deutlich größer bemessen als der Durchmesser der Zugstangen 13.In order to prevent a buildup of tension in the circumferential direction of the dip tube 9, the diameter of the bores 12 in the connection flange 11 is dimensioned significantly larger than the diameter of the tie rods 13.

Wie dies insbesondere aus Figur 4 ersichtlich ist, ist der sich parallel zu dem Anschlussflansch 11 erstreckende erste Schenkel 21 des Tragrings 16 mit sich etwa radial bezogen auf die Längsmittelachse des Tauchrohrs 9 erstreckenden Entlastungsschlitzen 24 versehen, die einem etwaigen Spannungsaufbau in Umfangsrichtung des Tragrings vorbeugen.How this particular out FIG. 4 it can be seen, which is parallel to the connecting flange 11 extending first leg 21 of the support ring 16 with approximately radially with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the dip tube 9 extending relief slots 24 provided that prevent any build-up of tension in the circumferential direction of the support ring.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1.1.
Fliehkraftabscheidercyclone
2.Second
Gehäusecasing
3.Third
Einlaufenema
4.4th
Austragdischarge
5.5th
Wirbelkammerswirl chamber
6.6th
Gehäusedeckehousing cover
7.7th
FeuerfestauskleidungRefractory lining
8.8th.
zweiter Austragsecond discharge
9.9th
Tauchrohrdip tube
10.10th
Rohrschüssepipe sections
11.11th
Anschlussflanschflange
12.12th
Bohrungendrilling
13.13th
Zugstangendrawbars
14.14th
Öffnung der GehäusedeckeOpening of the housing cover
15.15th
Bohrungendrilling
16.16th
Tragringsupport ring
17.17th
Mantelrohrcasing pipe
18.18th
Keilewedges
19.19th
Unterlegscheibenwashers
20.20th
Schrägeslope
21.21st
erster Schenkel des Tragringprofilsfirst leg of the support ring profile
22.22nd
zweiter Schenkel des Tragringprofilssecond leg of the support ring profile
23.23rd
Knotenblechegusset plates
24.24th
Entlastungsschlitzerelief slots

Claims (11)

Fliehkraftabscheider (1) mit wenigstens einem eine Wirbelkammer (5) bildenden Gehäuse (2) mit wenigstens einem tangentialen Einlauf (3) mit einem in Einbaulage unteren Austrag (4) für die im Zentrifugalfeld abgeschiedenen schweren Bestandteile und mit einem bezogen auf die Einbaulage oberen eine Gehäusedecke (6) durchsetzenden Austrag (8), welcher ein sich in das Gehäuse (2) erstreckendes Tauchrohr (9) umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tauchrohr (9) an die der Wirbelkammer (5) zugekehrte Seite der Gehäusedecke (6) angeschlossen ist.Centrifugal separator (1) with at least one housing (2) forming a swirl chamber (5) with at least one tangential inlet (3) with a lower discharge (4) in the installed position for the heavy components deposited in the centrifugal field and with one upper one relative to the installation position Housing cover (6) passing through the discharge (8), which comprises a in the housing (2) extending dip tube (9), characterized in that the dip tube (9) to the vortex chamber (5) facing side of the housing cover (6) connected is. Fliehkraftabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tauchrohr (9) an einem an die der Wirbelkammer (5) abgekehrte Seite der Gehäusedecke (6) angeschlossenen Tragring (16) unter Zwischenlage der Gehäusedecke (6) abgehängt ist.Centrifugal separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the immersion tube (9) is suspended from a support ring (16) connected to the side of the housing cover (6) facing away from the vortex chamber (5) with the housing cover (6) interposed. Fliehkraftabscheider nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tauchrohr (9) stirnseitig gegen die der Wirbelkammer (5) zugekehrte Seite der Gehäusedecke (6) abgedichtet ist.Centrifugal separator according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the dip tube (9) is sealed off at the end against the side of the housing cover (6) facing the swirl chamber (5). Fliehkraftabscheider nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tauchrohr (9) an die Gehäusedecke (6) durchsetzenden Zugstangen (13) aufgehängt ist.Centrifugal separator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the dip tube (9) to the housing cover (6) passing through tie rods (13) is suspended. Fliehkraftabscheider nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tauchrohr (9) zylindrisch ist und mit einem ringförmigen Anschlussflansch (11) versehen ist, der zur Längsachse des Tauchrohrs (9) konzentrisch angeordnet ist.Centrifugal separator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the dip tube (9) is cylindrical and is provided with an annular connecting flange (11) which is arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis of the dip tube (9). Fliehkraftabscheider nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tragring (16) mit einem Mantelrohr (17) des oberen Austrags (8) so verbunden ist, dass das Mantelrohr (17) die Gewichtskraft des Tauchrohrs (9) aufnimmt.Centrifugal separator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the supporting ring (16) with a jacket tube (17) of the Upper discharge (8) is connected so that the jacket tube (17) receives the weight of the dip tube (9). Fliehkraftabscheider nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tragring (16) in Bezug auf das Mantelrohr (17) exzentrisch angeordnet ist.Centrifugal separator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the support ring (16) with respect to the casing tube (17) is arranged eccentrically. Fliehkraftabscheider nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tragring (16) mit sich radial erstreckenden Schlitzen (24) versehen ist.Centrifugal separator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the support ring (16) is provided with radially extending slots (24). Fliehkraftabscheider nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zugstangen (13) wenigstens gegen den Tragring (16) und/oder gegen den Anschlussflansch des Tauchrohrs (9) mit Keilen (18) gesichert sind.Centrifugal separator according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the tie rods (13) are secured at least against the support ring (16) and / or against the connecting flange of the dip tube (9) with wedges (18). Fliehkraftabscheider nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zugstangen (13) Bohrungen des Tragrings (16) und/oder der Gehäusedecke (6) und/oder der Gehäusedecke (6) und/oder des Anschlussflanschs (11) durchsetzen, wobei der Durchmesser der Bohrungen signifikant größer ist als der Durchmesser der Zugstangen (13).Centrifugal separator according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the tie rods (13) through holes in the support ring (16) and / or the housing cover (6) and / or the housing cover (6) and / or the connecting flange (11), wherein the diameter of the bores is significantly larger than the diameter of the tie rods (13). Fliehkraftabscheider nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tauchrohr (9) aus zylindrischen Rohrschüssen (10) unterschiedlicher Stahlqualitäten zusammengesetzt ist.Centrifugal separator according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the dip tube (9) is composed of cylindrical pipe sections (10) of different steel grades.
EP09012607.9A 2008-11-14 2009-10-06 Centrifugal separator Not-in-force EP2186571B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200931638A SI2186571T1 (en) 2008-11-14 2009-10-06 Centrifugal separator
PL09012607T PL2186571T3 (en) 2008-11-14 2009-10-06 Centrifugal separator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008057480A DE102008057480A1 (en) 2008-11-14 2008-11-14 cyclone

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2186571A2 true EP2186571A2 (en) 2010-05-19
EP2186571A3 EP2186571A3 (en) 2012-08-22
EP2186571B1 EP2186571B1 (en) 2017-02-01

Family

ID=41603731

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09012607.9A Not-in-force EP2186571B1 (en) 2008-11-14 2009-10-06 Centrifugal separator

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2186571B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102008057480A1 (en)
PL (1) PL2186571T3 (en)
SI (1) SI2186571T1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US940076A (en) 1908-08-18 1909-11-16 Jonathan M Seaver Separator.
US1916762A (en) 1931-05-08 1933-07-04 Locomotive Firebox Co Spark arrester
US3129173A (en) 1960-08-01 1964-04-14 Hertha M Schulze Centrifugal type liquid-solid separator
US6024874A (en) 1998-11-03 2000-02-15 Lott; W. Gerald Hydrocyclone separator

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3228902A1 (en) * 1982-08-03 1984-02-09 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln CYCLONE SEPARATOR
JP4980593B2 (en) * 2005-08-02 2012-07-18 大平洋特殊鋳造株式会社 Cyclone inner cylinder of suspension preheater
DK176211B1 (en) * 2006-03-24 2007-02-05 Smidth As F L Cyclone separator e.g. for use in cement manufacture, has annular disc in supporting element arranged between cyclone housing and discharge duct, forming clearance between housing and duct and disc

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US940076A (en) 1908-08-18 1909-11-16 Jonathan M Seaver Separator.
US1916762A (en) 1931-05-08 1933-07-04 Locomotive Firebox Co Spark arrester
US3129173A (en) 1960-08-01 1964-04-14 Hertha M Schulze Centrifugal type liquid-solid separator
US6024874A (en) 1998-11-03 2000-02-15 Lott; W. Gerald Hydrocyclone separator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2186571T3 (en) 2017-08-31
EP2186571A3 (en) 2012-08-22
SI2186571T1 (en) 2017-05-31
EP2186571B1 (en) 2017-02-01
DE102008057480A1 (en) 2010-05-20

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