US1916762A - Spark arrester - Google Patents

Description

W, H. HINSCH SPARK ARRESTER July 4, 1933.

Filed May 8, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet '1 0 o u 2 m 1 1 J u m. F m; h" I ma #0 w W. o

7] 3 r o M Q 1 n a Q, C J \lll. E. 5

w. H. HINSCH 1,916,762

SPARK ARRESTER July 4, 1933.

' Filed May 8, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W. H. HINSCH SPARK ARRESTER July 4, 1933.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 8, 1931 M.- l a erl inscfi,

Patented July 4, 1933 v WALTER n. HINsoH, OF CHICAGO,

PATENT OFFICE ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T LOCOMOTIVE FIREBOX 'CGMPAN Y, OI CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 01E DELAWARE SPARK ARRESTER 'App1i cation filed May 8, 1931. .Serial No. 535,828.-

are-caused to take one whirling action in a circular path about the line of draft and its adjacent effective zone, so that they are bro ken .up into particlesofreduced dimensions and weight which willenter the effective zone of draft and pass up and out the stack in a condition wherein they can start no wayside fires.

Such arresters as previously made had several inherent structural deficiencies which the present invention overcomes. I-Ieretofore it was necessary to assemble the arrester on a platform in front of and 'outside the open front end of the locomotive and then skid the assembled arrester into a proximate position in the smoke box. As sucha structure is quite heavy, it is apparent that many difficulties arose'in positioning the arrester 30. w .w V. v 7

in the smoke box with respect to the assoc1- ated nozzle and stack,'due to the small working space .eft in the'smoke box after the arroster had been approximately positioned.

' Again, such arresters are subject to methe locomotives in which theyare installed and this materially reduced the active service periods of such locomotives.

The main object ofthe inventionis to pro- 5- vide a construction which eliminates all of be easily assembled from its componentparts in its place in the smoke box and this at a lower cost and with less labor and locomochanical wear produced by the abrasive ac the objections heretoforeinherent in such spark arresters and which. constructionma'yl tive lay up time than heretofore has been possible. The above, mentioned object of the invention as well as others, together with the many advantages thereof will more fullyhppear as I proceed with my specification.

In the drawings I v Fig. 1 is a-longitudinalverticalsectional view through the smoke box end of a locomotive boiler embodying myimproved spark arrester with parts thereof shown broken away to more clearly illustrate the construc- I tion thereof. I i Fig. 2 is a view in end elevation of the smoke box with the usual frontend plate re moved and shows the improved spark arrester in front elevation. I v

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view as taken in the line 83 of Fig. 1 and shows the improved spark arrester in plan elevation with parts thereof broken away. i V Fig. 4 is a detail vertical sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line 44 of Fig. 3 and illustrates more particularly the manner of attaching the exhaust nozzle to associated parts of the arrester bottom.

"Fig. 5 is another detail vertical sectional View through a part of the improved spark arrester taken on the line 5,5 ofFig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail view in side elevation on an enlarged scale, illustrating a peculiar lap joint employed between the various sections of the tubular body of the arrester. T Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one of the plates forming a part of the bottom of the arrest-er.

Referring nowin detail to that embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings 1 indicates the shell of a locomotive boiler, 2 indicates the smoke box shell and 3' indicates the front tube sheet in which the front ends of the fire tubes or flues 4; are secured inany suitable manner. The open front of the smoke box is closed by the usual front plate and door (not shown). 5 indi-' cates the exhaust pipe and 6 indicates the nozarranged axially with the nozzle or tip and 8 indicates the sub-base for the stack pipe 9 that is flared at its bottom end. 10 indicates as a whole, the improved spark arrester which is of the centrifugal separator 5 type, and which includes a tubular body 11 of substantially a horse shoelike outline, having an inlet opening 12 at the front thereof. The body has a closed bottom 13 and a closed top 14: of the same shape but of a 19 smaller areaand the top portion of the body is tapered inwardly to meet the same as is best shown in 1 and 5.

'In the inlet opening or mouth are upright deflectors 15 and 16 respectively with one of 15 said deflectors associated with the central portion of the inlet end with the other one associated with one side of said opening.

Within the casing and enacting with the innerend of the deflector-.15 and the casing wall respectively is a third deflector 17 as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3.

For ease in manufacturing the arrester as well as forpermitting the assembly of the v sarne in the position itoccupies in the smoke 'box, it is made in sections. Thesections in themselves are suitably flanged to not only provide tight seams between them but also tostiffen them, thus eliminating extraneous ,structural members for thispurpose.

'The body '11 is made up of a plurality of horizontally arcuate orcurved intermediate sections 18 and two converging and straight or uncurved end sections 1920, all of said sections including inwardly tapering, 3 top portions 18* 19'* and 20? respectively.

One margin of each section 18 and one margin of the section 20 along with the associated top portion of each of said sections ,is formed to provide an offset flange 18 or 19 that overlaps the other margin of the adjacent section, and key bolts 21 pass through these overlapped portions to secure them together in the desired relation. Each bolt receives a wedge shaped key 22 which when driven through the usual opening-in such a bolt, draws and locks said parts to-- gether in a good snug engagement. These bolts are all inserted iii-place from the inside of the arrester body and the keys'aredriven thereinto from the outside of the body so that assembly is made much easier.

1 The bottom 13 is preferably made. in right and left hand parts or halves 151 13 one of which, is best shown in perspective in Fig. 7. Each half or part has a downwardly turned straight flange 13" alon one side and an upturned peripheral flange 13. The flange 13 stops short of a semi-circular reboth flanges are provided openings 24.

fThe top 14: which is made as an integral piece, has a downwardly inclined flange let,

theangularity, of which conformsto the in-' clined top portions of the variousbody sec- 6 t1ons and centrally therein is an opening 25.

.cess 13 about which are openings 23 and in It is pointed out that the offset flanges or marginal portions of the various sections of the tubular body, stop short of the ends thereof, a distance approximating the height or width of the flange 13 on the bottom and the flange 1 1 on the top; The flange 14 of the top is provided with openings 26 which are adapted toregister with like openings in thetop ends of the inclined top portions of the various sections.

In assembling the various parts, the two halves 713 providing the bottom are first brought together with those portions thereof about the recesses 13 engaging upon a flange 5 on the top end of the nozzle 5. Thereafter the tip 6 is applied and a marginal flange ('3 thereon overlaps the said parts of said halves and bolts 27 are then passed through said flanges and through the openings 23 in said halves 13 so asto secure said parts together as best shown in Fig. 4.

13, about the flange 13 thereof. As the offset flanges 18"19 of the various sections 18 and 20 terminate short of'the bottom edges of said sections, said sections may be engaged flush with the inside of the flange 13 and this will bring the bottom edge of the offset flange in a position wherein it just clears the flange 13 as best shown in Fig. 6. Thereafter key bolts 21 are inserted through the openings in the bottom margins'of said body sections and through the openings 24 in the flanges 13 from the inside of the body and associated wedge keys 22 are then applied to the bolts; to secure the bottom end of the body sections to'thebottom. By means of the key bolts and wedges the associated parts are drawn into a snug tight engagement whereby the joints or seamsare indeed quite tight.

Either after or before, the assembly has thus far progressed, afoot or support 29 may be positioned between the smoke box shell and the inlet end of thebottom to support said end from the shell. Thereafter relatively long suspending or hanger bolts 30 carried by brackets 31 on the inside of the smoke box shell in line with the brackets 28 on the bot-- tom 13 havetheir threaded ends extended through the brackets 28 and then nuts 32 are appliedv to said ends of said bolts. Thus thebottom may be leveled and secured held in position.

After the tubular body has thus far been.

assembledthe top 14: is applied with its flange 14;, engaging the outer. face of the top margins of all tapered top parts of the body sec-v tions. Before so applying the top, the petticoat 9 is placed in the body from the open top, as is the stack sub-base 8 and after the end thereof, all-as best shown in Fig. v1. I

A short distance rearward of me inletopening 12 there is applied tothe thus far assembled structure, a flange 34, which follows up the upright side and inclined wall part of the body and then across the top. This flange is disposed in the plane of an angle bar' 35 on the inside of the smoke box shell and a baffle plate 36 is secured thereto by meansof other key bolts 21 and wedges 22. This baffle terminates at the bottom in the plane of the top edges of the upright flanges 13 of the bottom 13.

On the top surfaceof the bottom 13 axially within the body is provided'an upstanding ring 37 that is preferably of a= diameter greater than'that of the flared bottom end of the petticoat pipe 9. It is convenient in the assembly of the various parts to weld this ring in place before assembling the various sections of the body upon the bottom.

In the operation of the arrester, a vacuous condition develops in the arrester-casing due tonozzle action and this condition is felt throughout the smoke box and in the fire tubes that open thereinto, which induces a draft in said tubes. As the products of combustion leave the tubes to, enterthe smoke box, they pass downwardly and forwardl and under the baffle 36' to'enter the spar arrester casing through the inlet 12 thereof. As they pass into said opening the members l5 and 16 deflect the products of combustion laterally and tangentially in a direction substantially parallel with the ca'sing'section 19 to. follow about the interior of the casing whereby a whirling action is given to said products of combustion. I

The heavier particles thereof whirl around the inside of the casing and not only break up, into smaller'particles but cool off." The action resulting isa centrifugal one so that the heavierparticles tend to follow about I the inside of the casing'out of the zone or influence of the action of the nozzle jet, the

lighter particles being crowded into said zone to pass out the stack in a cool condition and incapable of starting wayside fires.

In the movement of the heavler particles in the separator, there will be to some extent a separation between them as the centrifugal Y action is dissipated and some of such heavier particles will then-fall tothe bottom oft-the casing outside the ring 37, for future removal. j

' Again, such particles as rise upward out of theefi'ective action zone of the draft, will the casing, toward the petticoat pipe, to descend therealong and when they engage the flared end of said petticoat pipe, some of said particles are drawn intosaid zone to pass up the stack while others are caused to intermingle with those swirhng around in the casing to be again acted upon, as before.

; It is apparent that'this centrifugal action of the products of combustion produces an abrasive or real mechanical wear on the'uprightwalls of the casing to such an extent that holes may appear therein. Under such conditions, it is not necessary to remove the entire arrester to make repairs because by removing the proper key bolts, .the worn section orsections can beremoved from-its place in the body and a new one substituted therefor. This can be done from within the smoke box. v

By the construction described, there is a great saving not only as to material cost but also asto labor cost as the sections are all formed to pattern, ready for fitting in place in their orderinthe arrester.

Vhile indescribing the invention, I have referred in detail to the form, arrangement and construction of the various partsthereof, the same is to be considered merely as illustrative only, so that I do not wish to be limited thereto except as may be specifically set forth in the appended claims.

I claimas my,invention:

l. In combination with a locomotive smoke box shell andassociated aligned smoke stack and exhaust nozzle, an upright tubular cas ing in said shell and enclosing portions of engage the inwardly-tapering top portion of i said stack and nozzle, said casing having con- I verging portions at the front which define an inlet opening for the casing, a battle closing off the space between said shell and easing excepting the bottom portion thereof and arranged to the rear of said inlet opening, and upright deflectors in saidinlet opening arranged to deflect the products of combustion entering said opening into thecasingin a directionsubstantially parallel. with one of said converging portions of said casing, said casing including sections having overlapped marginal portions detachably connected together.

2. In combination with a locomotive smoke box shell and associated aligned smoke stack and exhaust nozzle, an upright tubular casing in said shell and enclosing portions of said stack and nozzle, said casing having converg ng portlons at the front which define an inlet opening for thecasing, a baffle closing off the space between said shell and casing excepting the bottom portionthereof and arranged to the rear. of

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said inlet opening, and upright deflectors in said inlet opening arranged to deflect the products of combustion entering said opening into the casing in a direction substantially parallel with one of said convergingv portions of said casing, said casingincluding upright sections, each having a marginal portion overlapping a marginal portion of an adjacent upright section and detachably connected thereto.

3. In combination with a locomotive smoke box shell and associated aligned smoke stack and exhaust nozzle, an upright tubular casing in said shell and enclosing portions of said stack and nozzle, said casing having converging portions at the front which define an inlet opening for the casing, a baflle closing off the space between said shell and casing excepting the bottom portion thereof and arranged to the rear of said inlet opening, and upright deflectors in said inlet opening arranged to deflect the products of combustion entering said opening into the casing in a direction substantially parallel with one of said converging portions ofsaid casing, said casing including a bottom comprising a plurality of flanged parts detachably connected together and a plurality of upright sections, each having a portionengaged with and detachably connected to certain of the flanges of said bottom and each of said upright sections also having an upright marginal portion overlapping and detachably secured to a marginal portion of an adjacent upright section.

4. In combination with a locomotive smoke box shell and associated aligned smoke stack and exhaust nozzle, an upright tubular'casing in said shell and enclosing portions of the stack and the nozzle, said casing including a flanged top, a flanged bottom, upright arcuate sections and two straight upright end sections, the latter of which converge toward each other to provide an inlet at the front of the casing, said top, bottom and upright casing sections all being detachably connected together, deflectors in said inlet operating to deflect the incoming products of combustion in a direction substantially parallel with one of said converging sections anda bafl'le between said shell and casing and which bafl'le terminates substantially in the plane of the said flanged bottom.

5. In combination with a locomotive smoke box shell and associated stack and nozzle, a casing in said shell including an upright tubular body having an inlet opening in one side, a top for said body and through which a part of said stack extends, a bottom for said body through which a part of said nozzle extends, said body comprising a plurality of sections, each offset along one margin to overlap the margin of an adjacent section, and means for securing the overlapped mare gins of the sections together in the desired relation.

6. In combinationwith a locomotive smoke box shell and associated stack and nozzle, a

casing including an upright tubular body having an inlet opening in one side, a top member for said body and through which a part of said stack extends, a bottom member for said body, through which said nozzle extends, said bottom member having a marginal flange, said body comprising a plurality of sections each arranged with one of its ends in engagement with and secured to the inside of the flange of said bottom member, and each section having. a margin offset to'overlap the margin of an adjacent section and which oflset margin terminates in the plane of the edge of sald flange, means for securing said overlapped margins of said'sect-ions together andmeans for securing the other end of said sections to said top member.

7 In combination with a locomotive smoke box shell and associated stack and nozzle, a casing including an upright tubular body 8. In combination with a locomotive smoke box shell and associated stack and nozzle, a

casing in said shellincluding an upright tubular body having an inlet opening in one side and comprising a plurality of sections having upright meeting edges, a top member for said body through which a part of the stack extends, a bottom member for said body and through which a part of said nozzleextends, one of said members comprising a plurality of parts having flanges to receive and be secured to the associated ends of said sections and which parts have meeting edge flanges and means for securing themeeting edge flanges of said one of said members together. v

9. In combinationwith a locomotive smoke box shell and associated stack and nozzle, a casing in said shell including an upright tubular body having an inlet opening in one,

side and comprising a plurality of sections having upright meeting edges,.a top-member.

for said body through which apart of said stack extends, said top member having a flange engaged with and secured to the top ends of saidsectio-ns, and a bottom member forsaid body throughvwhich a'part o'f said nozzle extends, said bottom member comprisgaged with said peripheral flangesand which y sections have offset overlapplng marginal flanges that terminate at the top edge of the upturned peripheral flange of the parts of said bottom, means for detachably securing said ends of said sections to said peripheral flange of said parts of said bottom and means for detachably securing said meeting edgefla-nges of said parts together.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, this 5th day of May, 1931.

WALTER H. Hmson.

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