EP2183446B1 - Cable-loop rail - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a rail for receiving cable loops for the connection of prefabricated components, consisting of a rail with a U-shaped profile, which has a base plate and two angled side walls, with openings in the base plate of the U-profile for the implementation of cable loops and with a stop in the prefabricated component improving surface structure in the form of projecting and / or recessed wall sections in the base plate and / or on the side walls of the U-profile.

For better distinction of side walls of other components, the side walls of the cross-sectionally U-shaped rails are hereinafter referred to as "side plates" without that a specific geometry should be defined.

A corresponding rail is known, for example from the WO 2007/031128 ,

The prefabricated components, in particular precast concrete walls, and supports are for rapid and precise connection with each other along their front and side surfaces, especially along their vertical

Extension often equipped with so-called rope loops. For this purpose, in a formwork, with the aid of the prefabricated component is made, in addition to a conventional steel reinforcement z. For example, along the edge surfaces or end faces of the concrete parts to be cast steel loops inserted, consisting of folded into a loop steel cable sections, the folded ends of a piece far (eg 15 to 50 cm) protrude into the interior of the precast concrete, while the formed by this steel cable section loop protrudes from a surface or front side of the precast concrete part. This end face is generally structured in the form of a groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the end face, wherein the loop of the rope originates from a groove base and possibly also extends a little way beyond the free edge of the precast concrete part. An opposing component, which in turn has a corresponding groove in an end surface or side surface and cable loops protruding therefrom, is joined flush with the first-mentioned component along the end faces or groove openings having the cable loops, wherein the projecting ends of the cable loops of the one part into the groove-shaped recess engage the opposite part and the cable loops of both assembled components overlap each other. Then, an additional reinforcement is inserted parallel to the end faces of the finished parts in the grooves or between the grooves of the mutually facing end faces and at the same time passes through the cable loops of both components, which are secured in this way. Subsequently, both grooves are filled with a potting compound or a grout, so that the two finished parts are then firmly connected to each other, the cable loops and extending through the cable loops reinforcing rod next to the mortar compound form an additional, extending over both components of time extending reinforcement, which ensures a secure hold between these two components.

The proper positioning of the cable loops in such a way that they can fulfill the purpose described above, is troublesome without additional aids. For this reason, so-called rope loop boxes or rope loop rails have been developed which consist of a U-profile, the base plate has openings for the passage of cable loops, these cable loops are generally held by a clamped in an opening plastic part, so that the free ends of the the loop forming steel rope on the back of the U-profile substantially perpendicular to the base plate protrude, while on the front of the profile U-shaped rail, the cable loop extends approximately at right angles from the base plate of the U-profile. Such rails or correspondingly shorter, only one or two loops receiving boxes are introduced and fixed along the end faces of a prefabricated component still to be produced in a corresponding formwork. Subsequently, concrete or a corresponding potting compound is introduced into the formwork and fills the predetermined space by the formwork, with the exception of the interior of the U-shaped profile rail or corresponding cable loop boxes, with a corresponding rail after the curing of the concrete or the potting along the base plates and along the side plates is surrounded by concrete and defined with its open side to be provided in the end face of the precast concrete groove. In this case, the base plates and side plates of the U-rails usually also projecting and / or recessed surface sections to improve the grip of the rail in the concrete.

For better handling of such rails or rope loops, the rope loops are folded into the defined by the rail groove and fixed in this position before attachment in the formwork and during concreting or during the subsequent transport of the finished parts inward by about 90 ° that they do not protrude over the free edges or the opening of the U-profile. Optionally, it may also be provided for this purpose, a the open side of the U-profile covering plate, which is clamped onto the open U-profile and, for example, can be attached directly to a formwork inside.

Such rails are usually made of galvanized sheet steel or possibly (especially in the form of shorter rope loop boxes) made of plastic. However, these materials have only a relatively poor adhesion to concrete per se.

This applies in spite of the provision of the above-mentioned surface structures, which usually consist of inwardly or outwardly pressed, knobbed or scaly wall sections, which may be formed especially in the side panels, but also in the base plate of the U-profile. Although these embossments in the form of projections or recesses in the side walls and / or the base plate increase the resistance to longitudinal displacements of the rail in the finished cast concrete part, but the forces thereby be introduced through the rail in the concrete forces are still relatively low. This leads z. As to the fact that when forces acting in the longitudinal direction of the faces of the prefabricated components these forces can not be very effectively transferred from one prefabricated to the other, so that when exceeding relatively low force limits, which are also referred to as "shear force parallel to joint", the Rail either the firm adhesion to the concrete of the associated prefabricated component or at the opposite grooves and the gap between the prefabricated components filling grouting loses. This leads to undesirable and cracks in the joint area between the prefabricated components, which limits usability, even if the cable loops still ensure a secure cohesion of the components.

Although the cable loops contribute to an improvement of the lateral force carrying capacity, but the lack of grip of the rails on the concrete or the grout can only limited by increasing the number of loops and density (more rope loops at shorter intervals) compensate, what also the rails and the overall system is more expensive.

From the DE 10 2004 043 454 A1 a storage device for reinforcing bars is known, comprising a bottom part and a lid part, which has openings in a cover wall for the reinforcing bars. For releasably securing the bottom part and the cover part a number of connectors is provided, each having a connector connection components as a plug-in opening and a tongue, the free end can be passed through the insertion opening and deformed to achieve a positive connection, and wherein in each case a connection component on the bottom part and the other connection component is provided on the cover part.

The WO 2007/031128 A1 shows a connecting device for the transverse force-locking connection of concrete components, in particular precast concrete components. The apparatus comprises an elongate storage box for insertion into an end face of the components comprising a bottom and at least two side walls extending in a longitudinal direction of the floor, at least one flexible reinforcement loop element receivable and deflectable within the storage box the floor has a bottom profile with longitudinally alternating groups of floor projections and floor recesses, each group having at least one floor projection or at least one floor recess.

This document also discloses all the technical features of the preamble of claim 1.

The German Utility Model DE 297 23 990 U1 relates to a device for bonding precast concrete elements, consisting of at least one cable loop, which is anchored at one end in the precast concrete part and the other, loop-like end cooperates with an inserted into the end face of the precast concrete holding part to the cable loop during the manufacture of precast concrete right-angled elastic bend and release for the composite, wherein the holding part is formed as an elongated, in cross-section substantially uniform sheet metal box. The box bottom has one or more openings for the cable loop, wherein the side walls of the sheet metal box are obtained by folding to give the sheet metal box in cross section a U-shape and wherein the end covers are obtained by bending.

The German utility model shows a device for insertion into a formwork for a concrete part, with a box-like, closable by a lid made of metal rebar storage element, wherein at least the side walls and the bottom are profiled and made of a one-piece blank.

Compared to this prior art, the present invention has the object, a rail of the type mentioned in such a way that it is suitable for receiving larger loads, ie at a given number of rope loops in the on the rope loops and on the rope loops holding Rail larger forces can be introduced into the prefabricated components in question, and especially the lateral force capacity is improved, so that the relevant Connection can accommodate higher static loads even without increasing the number of cable loops.

This object is achieved in that at least in the base plate of the U-profile in addition to the openings for the cable loops at least one open-sided cavity is provided, measured in the plane of the base plate cross-sectional area at least 4 cm ² and its minimum length, width and depth dimension in each case is at least 1 cm, wherein the at least one cavity is formed by an opening in the base plate and an open at its bottom and otherwise closed hollow body, which is fittingly inserted into the opening provided in the base plate. Such cavities completely or partially replace the conventionally provided surface structure or they are provided in addition to such a surface structure. Instead of a plurality of relatively small projecting and recessed wall sections, as they were conventionally provided on corresponding rails, so cavities are now provided with a relatively large cross-section and especially a relatively large depth of the base plate of the rail when pouring the rail with concrete through this be filled or left blank so that the concrete at least along the respective groove bottom massive cams or cavities with a cross-sectional area of at least 4 cm ² and a depth of at least 1 cm is formed, which engage in the cavities of the rail, or by grout in the rail to be filled, thus reach through the base plate of the rail and prevent displacement of the rail in the longitudinal direction or a release of the rail of the concrete much better than the known and formed by deforming or punching the rail side walls and base plates Oberflächenstrukt acids.

Conveniently, the respective cavities in the plan view are rectangular and have according to an embodiment of the invention, minimum dimensions of 2 x 3 cm ^2, in other embodiments, from 4 x 3 cm ² and in one embodiment about 10 x 3 cm ^2, or even 10 x 5 cm ² , wherein the respectively first indicated dimension in the longitudinal direction of the rail and the second dimension in the transverse direction of the rail is measured.

Since appropriate cavities can not be formed integrally by embossing the rail only with considerable effort alone by appropriate shaping, the respective cavities are formed by an opening in the base plate and an open at its bottom and otherwise closed hollow body, fitting in the in the base plate provided opening is inserted.

The open side of the hollow body then coincides more or less with the opening in the base plate and the hollow body extends into the rest of the U-profile of the rail (or out of this). The hollow body may be, for example, an approximately cuboid plastic box, which optionally has along its opening edge a small flange which hangs in the mounted state on the edge of the corresponding opening in the base plate. Locking elements which latch behind the edge of the base plate opening, according to one embodiment, can fix the hollow body at the edge of the base plate opening.

Here also mixed forms are conceivable in which, for example, a part of the side walls of the hollow body is formed by punched and bent to one side material of the base plate, so that a part to be inserted only the wall sections already existing so to a corresponding, open only on one side hollow body must complement.

In order to obtain in the casting of the rail with the corresponding precast concrete, the cams in a desired shape and size, is provided according to an embodiment of the invention that the cavity extends from its edge to the base plate in the interior of the rail extending side walls and one to the inside the bottom of the rail has closed. These side walls and the floor then exactly define the geometric structure of a concrete cam engaging in the base plate of the rail. As already mentioned, the depth dimension of such a cam should be at least 10 mm, so that consequently the height of the side walls measured perpendicular to the edges of the cavity should also be at least about 10 mm and according to one embodiment at least 20 mm.

However, according to another embodiment of the invention, the cavity open at one side may also be provided on the base plate or side plates of the U-profile such that its side walls extend outwardly from the base plate (s). In this case, in the connection of adjacent precast concrete elements, the base plate of the rails by cross-cam from grout, which extend into the groove bottom (or groove walls) on the face or side surface of a precast concrete part and in this way also the transverse force carrying capacity by improving the composite rail Increase finished component as in the embodiment described above. Although this embodiment is subject to substantially the same operating principle as a rail with inwardly projecting side walls of the cavity or cavities and should therefore be included in the scope of the present invention, it is less preferred because of a correspondingly higher consumption of expensive grout. Moreover, these variants of the invention are somewhat cumbersome and impractical to use because the hollow bodies protrude outward from the base of the rail. The following is therefore predominantly the preferred variant with inwardly projecting Walls or cavities described, however, the respective variant with outwardly facing walls is to be considered in an analogous manner.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of cavities in the base plate of the rail are provided at intervals from each other, again according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the entire cross-sectional area of the cavities or the resulting cams at least 5% better at least 10% of the total area of the base plate makes up and preferably up to about one third of the area of the baseplate.

In this case, adjacent cavities, between each of which a cable loop is arranged, at least one distance from each other, which corresponds to the length of the protruding from the base plate portion of the cable loop and preferably at least 10% greater than this length. The cable loop can then, when it passes through cavities through the base plate, are folded into a position in which the defined by the cable loop level is parallel to the base plate, so that the cable loop is completely absorbed between the side walls and not from the open top of Rail protrudes. This cable loop position is usually maintained in the casing and also in the transport of the plates, as long as the cable loops are not needed, for example, to suspend and transport the plates and as long as they do not serve the connection with adjacent prefabricated components.

The cavities according to the invention are therefore spaced apart so far that where there is a cable loop between two cavities, enough space for folding or bending the cable loop between the adjacent cavities is present. According to one embodiment, the clear distance between adjacent cavities, between which a cable loop is arranged, is at least twice the length of the cavities measured in this direction.

However, in an alternative embodiment in which the side panels of the U-profile are significantly higher than the depth of the cavities, corresponding to the height of the side walls of the cavities measured from the open side, the cable loops and the cable loop holders could also be designed so that the Rope loops folded down on the top of closely adjacent cavities and held in this position, since in this embodiment, above the inside of the U-profile lying bottom of the cavities sufficient space for receiving the cable loops is present without this over the edge of the U-profile Protruding profile. In this case, therefore, the cavities could also be arranged at a closer distance from each other and to the cable loops and claim, for example, in the sum of a third or more of the total length of the rail.

Overall, however, it is preferred if the cavities, based on the total length of the device, make up in their sum less than half the length of the base plate and detect a maximum of one third of the base plate based on the surface of the base plate.

A favorable ratio of retaining cam or cavities to remaining rail base area is obtained if the total cross-sectional area of all cavities at the bottom of a rail between 15% and 25% of the total base surface of the base plate (including the recess).

The side walls of the cavity may, according to one embodiment, extend perpendicular to the base plate, but according to another embodiment they may also enclose an angle with the base plate which, measured in the same direction, may be between 60 ° and 120 °. In particular, opposing side walls of the recess may have an opposite inclination to the base plate, which means that the measured in one direction angle, which includes a side wall with the base plate is smaller than 90 °, while the corresponding angle of the opposite side is greater than 90 ° is. In this way one achieves that the cavities and the cam formed therefrom optionally have a trapezoidal or dovetail cross-section. Depending on whether appropriate precast concrete slabs or walls are cast with horizontally or vertically oriented rail, it is expedient to make in a rectangular recess two opposite walls in the vertical direction so that they define a trapezoidal section in section, while the two For this purpose, vertically arranged walls are inclined to each other so that they form a dovetail profile, ie that the walls of the cavities effectively form undercuts. The walls defining the dovetail profile are those which are substantially vertically aligned during the casting of a corresponding panel, while the walls defining the trapezoidal profile have horizontally extending edges and are arranged vertically one above the other. This avoids the formation of air bubbles in the undercuts in the cavities when casting corresponding concrete slabs, which would then not be filled with concrete.

Otherwise, corresponding inclined side walls can of course be combined with the base plate vertical side walls or opposite side walls can also be inclined to the same side, so that a parallelogram forms or the inclination angle can both be greater or both smaller than 90 °, but from each other to be different. However, undercuts should always be formed so that they are not defined during the casting of a concrete slab through the respective top side wall of a recess, in order to avoid the formation of air bubbles in the undercut.

Furthermore, it is understood that corresponding cavities, as described for the base plate, could also be formed in the side panels of a U-profile rail.

In general, it is expedient to avoid sharp corners and transitions in the cavities and to slightly round off the corner areas between the side walls. The cavities also need not necessarily be rectangular, but they can be arbitrarily polygonal or circular or elliptical. Even with such cross-sectional shapes can be produced by appropriate inclination of the side walls undercuts and tilt the side walls as a whole so that in any case a lying at the top casting section defines no undercut to avoid formation of air bubbles.

Another advantage of the relatively large cavities in the rails of the present invention also lies in the fact that it is possible to use coarse-grained and thus cheaper aggregates both for the concrete and for the grouting mortar, since the concrete or mortar can still fill the large-volume cavities without any problem which would be problematic with smaller structures.

According to one embodiment of the invention it is further provided that the rail has a plurality of cavities distributed over the length of the rail, wherein the rail is formed asymmetrically with respect to the measured to the two ends of the rail spacings of the cavities.

Thus, if the clearances of the cavities form from one end of the rail, starting at the cavity nearest this end to the cavity furthest away from the relevant end, a value series x ₁ , x ₂ , ..... x _n , then A corresponding value series y ₁ , y ₂ ,... y _n, which is measured from the other end, differs from the clearances of the cavities in all value pairs x _i , y _i (with i = 1... n).

In this case, the clear distances of the cavities to one of the rail ends should preferably differ from the corresponding distance-closest clearances of the cavities to the other rail end by an amount which corresponds at least to the length of the cavities, measured in the rail longitudinal direction.

This means that in the longitudinal direction reversed installation position of two rails, the cavities with respect to the respective prefabricated component different, offset by the respective difference amounts positions.

In this sense, the present invention also includes a combination of two such rails for the connection of two adjacent prefabricated components, in which the opposing rails adjacent prefabricated components in their longitudinal alignment are arranged rotated relative to each other by 180 °, so that offset the cavities of the opposite rails are arranged to each other. It has surprisingly been found that the so interconnected prefabricated components have a significantly improved transverse load capacity parallel to joint than when the cavities of the rails and thus corresponding retaining cams are arranged on both sides of the joint exactly opposite each other, as in longitudinally symmetrical rails or symmetrical, non-staggered arrangement of the retaining cams on the opposite sides of the connecting joint would be the case. Appropriately, according to a variant of the mutual offset of the cavities of the opposing pairs of rails just as large as half the repeating distance of the cavities along one of the rails. Thus, a cavity of a rail is located exactly in the middle between two cavities of the other, opposite rail, wherein the cavities along a rail are preferably evenly spaced from each other.

It is understood that this also includes combinations of rails or interconnected prefabricated components of the present invention, in which the rails, although with respect to their longitudinal direction symmetrically arranged cavities, but are arranged correspondingly offset on the end faces of the connected prefabricated components, wherein Overall, this purpose a little shorter than the associated end faces of prefabricated components or be shortened accordingly.

In all these combinations of two rails, a variant of the invention is preferred in which the rails are nonetheless essentially symmetrical with respect to the distances of the passage points of the cable loops to the respective ends of the rail. Thus, while the concrete cams are arranged offset from one another at the bottom of the two opposite rails in the rail longitudinal direction, the (unfolded) opposite cable loops should still be in pairs at the same height. This is ensured by the substantially symmetrical formation of the distances of the cable loop passage points on the base plate of the rails to the ends of the rails. it is sufficient if this symmetry is maintained with a tolerance of 1 to 3 cm, since the unfolded, immediately opposite cable loops can still be in the immediate vicinity in view of their flexibility and transmitted via the inserted reinforcing rod and the concrete composite tensile forces directly and mutually can.

The invention also provides a combination of two rails for the connection of two adjacent prefabricated components, in which the side plates of one rail have a height measured perpendicular to the base plate, which is at least twice the height of the side walls of the other rail.

According to one embodiment, in such a combination of two rails, the side plates of one rail should have a height of at least 50 mm, and the side plates of the other rail should have a height of at most 30 mm.

In particular, the present invention also includes precast concrete elements made with the rails and combinations of rails as defined in the claims.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht der offenen Seite eines Abschnittes einer Profilschiene mit einer Seilschlaufe und kastenförmigen Hohlräumen in der Grundplatte,

Figur 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Profilschienenabschnittes von der Seite der Grundplatte her,

Figur 3

einen Querschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform einer Profilschiene,

Figur 4

einen Querschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Profilschiene,

Figur 5

einen Längsschnitt durch Betonfertigteilplatten mit eingegossenen Profilschienen gemäß den Figuren 3 und 4, und

Figur 6

einen horizontalen Querschnitt durch zwei miteinander verbundene Betonfertigteile mit entsprechenden Profilschienen,

Figur 7

verschiedene Kombinationen von Querschnitten der Hohlräume in zwei zueinander senkrechten Richtungen,

Figur 8

eine an einem Fertigbauteil angeordnete, unterbrochen dargestellte Schiene, die zu den beiden Schienenenden hin asymmetrische lichte Abstände der Hohlräume aufweist, und

Figur 9

zwei Fertigbauteile, deren Fuge mit Hilfe zweier Schienen gebildet wird, die in Längsrichtung asymmetrisch verteilte Hohlräume und zudem unterschiedlich hohe Seitenplatten aber symmetrisch angeordnete Seilschlaufendurchtrittspunkte haben.

Further advantages, features and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and the associated figures. Show it:

FIG. 1

a perspective view of the open side of a portion of a rail with a cable loop and box-shaped cavities in the base plate,

FIG. 2

a perspective view of a profiled rail section from the side of the base plate,

FIG. 3

a cross section through a first embodiment of a rail,

FIG. 4

a cross section through a second embodiment of a rail,

FIG. 5

a longitudinal section through precast concrete slabs with cast rails according to the Figures 3 and 4 , and

FIG. 6

a horizontal cross section through two interconnected precast concrete with corresponding rails,

FIG. 7

various combinations of cross sections of the cavities in two mutually perpendicular directions,

FIG. 8

a arranged on a prefabricated component, interrupted illustrated rail, which has asymmetrical clearances of the cavities to the two rail ends, and

FIG. 9

two prefabricated components whose joint is formed by means of two rails, the longitudinally asymmetrically distributed cavities and also different height side plates but have symmetrically arranged Seilschlaufendurchtrittspunkte.

One recognizes in FIG. 1 a generally designated 10 rail, which has a substantially U-shaped profile (as more clearly in FIG. 3 recognizes) and consists of a base plate 11 and two substantially perpendicular thereto angled side plates 12a, 12b. The base plate 11 has on the one hand openings for receiving cable loops 7, wherein corresponding holding parts 15 are used for the cable loops 7, which are generally made of plastic, in the openings and fill them substantially. The cable loops are formed by short steel cable sections 8, which are doubled and connected with their free ends firmly connected to each other via a corresponding sleeve, said these free ends after the Pouring the rail 10 with a concrete slab hineinerstrecken in the interior of the concrete slab and the cable loops 7 protrude from a side face of the concrete slab. In addition to the openings, which are covered by the holding elements 15 used, cavities 1 in the form of depressions or cavities of the base plate 11 are still provided, which extend from the bottom of the rail forth in the interior of the U-profile. These cavities are formed by a corresponding, substantially rectangular opening in the base plate 11 and on the other by an open at the bottom and otherwise substantially cuboid plastic box, which consists of side walls 2, 3, 4, 5 and a bottom 6, so that there is a closed on five sides, cuboid body, which lies with its open side substantially in the plane of the base plate 11 and thus forms a protruding into the interior of the U-profile rail 10 cavity 1.

In FIG. 2 you recognize the already in FIG. 1 in perspective also shown rail 10 in a likewise perspective rear view of the underside of the bottom 11 forth. Again, one recognizes again the base plate 11 and a side wall 12a of the rail, the holding element 15 for the cable loops 7 and the cavity 1 with bottom 6 and visible side walls 2, 3, wherein the side walls 4, 5 are hidden due to the perspective view.

Next can be seen on the side wall 3 additional support members 31 which are arranged so that they engage behind the edge of the plastic box receiving opening of the bottom plate 11 and thus hold this plastic box on the rail, wherein the edge of the plastic box z. B. may have a small flange 32 which rests tightly against the underside of the bottom plate 11.

In FIG. 3 in turn, one recognizes the rail 10 in cross section or in a frontal view accordingly FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 from underneath. Here, too, recognizes the recess formed by a substantially cuboid plastic box 1, which side walls 2, 3, 5 (and a non-visible side wall 4, which is opposite to the side wall 2) and a bottom 6 again. In this illustration, one also recognizes the small flange on the plastic box, which defines the cavity 1 and on the outside of the side walls 3, 5 barbs or spring elements 31 at a close distance to the flange 32, which engage behind the edge of the opening in the bottom plate and thus hold this plastic box securely and substantially tightly in the opening of the bottom plate 11. It can also be seen that the side plates 12a, 12b of the U-profile 10 have an additional profiling or bulging, which ensures a better grip of the rail in the end face of a concrete slab.

FIG. 4 shows the cross section or a front view similar to FIG. 3 for a second variant of a rail 20. This rail 20 differs from the rail 10 substantially only by the much higher side plates 22a, 22b, which define a significantly deeper U-profile than the side plates 12a, 12b of the U-profile 10. In addition, these side plates are still provided in the embodiment shown here with protrusions 23 and recessed portion 24, the should also serve to improve the maintenance of the rail 20 in a precast concrete or an end face of the precast concrete part. In addition, in this case, the side plates 22a, 22b are angled relative to the base plate 21 by an angle different from 90 °, so that the groove formed by this rail 20 in the face of a concrete slab has a slightly trapezoidal cross-section whose width from the bottom to the opening slightly increases.

All other details, ie in particular the details of the cable loop holder 15 of the cable section 8 and the cable loop 7 and the cavity 1 are with the already to the FIGS. 1 to 3 identical details described. Because of the greater depth of the U-section 20, however, a large part of the cable loop 7 is still within this U-profile, while in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 this cable loop 7 is for the most part outside the U-profile 10.

The Figures 5 and 6 show the corresponding rails 10, 20 in the installed state, whereby the purpose of the different depths U-profiles 10 and 20 is clear. One recognizes in FIG. 5 two precast concrete elements in the form of plates 40, 50, which are interconnected along a joint 45. In this longitudinal section it can be seen that they extend far into the concrete slabs 40, 50 and are shed with the end portions of the steel cables 8, which are firmly connected by suitable end sleeves. A dot-dash line indicates the location of a reinforcing bar 46, which extends through the mutually overlapping rope loops 7 therethrough, which in turn are folded out of the U-shaped rails 10 and 20 and, as in the enlarged view above right in FIG. 5 recognizes, cover each other.

In the illustrated embodiment, the two rails 10, 20 each have five cable loops on substantially the same measured in the longitudinal direction of the rails positions.

Before use, ie, before the connection of the two concrete walls 40, 50, the cable loops 7 are generally folded into the rails and are by the appropriately trained holding elements 15, which is particularly well in terms of this design FIG. 1 detects held in the folded position within the U-profile. For use, ie for the connection of two adjacent precast concrete parts over the joint 45, these cable loops 7 are folded out of the molded with the concrete walls 40, 50 rails 10 and 20 and then arrive in the FIG. 5 and also in FIG. 6 shown position in which the cable loops 7 of opposite rails 10 and 20 overlap each other.

It can also be seen that at regular intervals between the cable loops and the corresponding cable loop holders 15 in the base plates 11, 21 of the rails 10 and 20 cavities 1 are arranged, already in detail with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 4 have been described. In the in FIG. 5 and in FIG. 6 illustrated state in which the rails 10 and 20 have been cast with corresponding precast concrete parts 40, 50, concrete material, of which the elements 40, 50, of course extends into the cavities 1 and in this way forms several (in concrete Case five) arranged at regular intervals between the cable loops 7 retaining cam.

In the plan view of FIG. 6 It is clear how the U-profiles 10 and 20 define in the faces of precast concrete grooves in which the cable loops 7 can initially be at least partially included in folded and later for the connection of the two finished parts 40, 50 in the unfolded state , In this case, one of the U-profiles, namely the U-profile 20 is deliberately designed significantly deeper than the U-profile 10, because it is possible in this way, the unfolded rope loops 7 for a given size according to space between the faces of the precast concrete parts 40, 50th to give.

In this case, both rails 10 and 20 are aware of different depths formed because the base plate 11 of the rails 10 in the case of some precast concrete parts, especially for columns, a sufficiently large distance from inner reinforcement elements of these finished parts must comply, but on the other hand again relatively close to the Surface of the concrete or the finished part 50 facing end face are arranged so that it is not possible in the case of some precast concrete parts, such as in particular some pillars, the deeper U-profiles 20 use. On the other hand, but have the rope loops for reasons of practical handling a minimum length of the order of 70 mm, so that they are not in the unfolded state in an opposite groove with shallow depth of z. B. only 20 mm would fit into it, if the remaining gap 45 between the furthest projecting edges of the faces or grooves a certain maximum dimension of z. B. also should not exceed 20 mm.

The combination of a flat U-profile 10 with a deep U-section 20 then allows on the one hand a sufficient distance to reinforcing elements, for example on the side of a support by attaching a flat rail 10 and attaching a deep rail 20 on the end face of a concrete slab and yet relatively narrow joint 45 and an overall relatively small volume to be filled with the (generally relatively expensive) potting compound for the connection of corresponding precast concrete parts, this volume essentially by the volume the two U-profiles 10, 20 and the remaining due to the distance of the precast concrete parts 40, 50 gap 45 is defined. This volume or the distance of the opposite base plates 11, 21 of the opposite rails 10, 20 at the same time provides enough space for the complete unfolding of cable loops 7 with a length up to the sum of the sum of the depths of the two rails plus the width of the remaining Groove 45 may be.

Here, in the relatively large-volume cavities 1 at the bottom of the U-profiles 10 and 20 also have a positive side effect, since they in turn reduce the volume to be filled by potting compound or grout when they protrude into the interior of the rail.

Based on the total area of the base plates 11, 21 in the illustrated embodiments, the bases of the cavities 1 preferably make up between 10% and 35% of the area of the base plates 11, 21.

FIG. 7 shows still some possible cross-sectional shapes of the cavities 1 with partially undercut side walls 3, 5 and 2, 4.

In all these cases, it is provided that the concrete block formed by the cavity 1 widens in cross-section at least in a cross-sectional direction from the concrete slab into the U-profile. FIG. 7 shows at the top the top view of a cavity or a corresponding, forming in such a cavity concrete blocks. Furthermore, two cross-sectional lines A and B are shown. The sub-pictures below show various cross-section combinations "A" and "B", whereby the longitudinal cross-section "A" is shown somewhat shortened for reasons of space.

As can be seen, the concrete blocks, which result from corresponding cavities, in at least one cross-sectional direction extending from the plate outwardly expanding cross-section, which leads in practice to a larger breakout wedge in the concrete and thus an increased lateral force carrying capacity of indirectly over this Cam secured rails and rope loops effected. Along at least one side wall, however, an undercut is avoided in all cross-sectional combinations, wherein the rail is always arranged with their cavities so that a respective upper wall of the cavities is always one of the side walls which do not define an undercut.

In FIG. 8 schematically shows along a front side of a prefabricated building or a prefabricated wall 40, a rail 20 with its two asymmetrical ends, wherein the central portion of the rail and the wall 40 is omitted by an interruption. The peculiarity of the rail after FIG. 8 is that the clear distances x ₁ to x _n , measured from one end of the Rail 20 to the respective cavities 1, differ from corresponding distances y ₁ to y _n , which would be measured from the opposite end of the rail, again starting at the closest to this end to the farthest cavity. In other words, the rail is asymmetrically formed with respect to the clearances of the cavities 1 from the ends of the rail.

The purpose of this measure can be seen from the FIG. 9 , which reproduces a connecting region of two adjacent prefabricated components 40, 50, on the end faces of which corresponding rails 10, 20 with cable loops 5 are arranged. In this case, the one rail 10 relative to the other rail 20 is rotated about a lying in the paper plane, horizontal axis by 180 °, ie that the lower end of the rail 20 shown on the left end is arranged at the top right rail 10. This has the consequence that the concrete blocks of the prefabricated components, which form by penetration of the concrete into the cavities 1, are arranged offset on one side of the connecting joint opposite the cam formed on the opposite side, while the exit points of the cable loops still the same height.

Additionally is in FIG. 9 nor one of this mutual displacement of the cam independent variant shown that the side walls of a rail are significantly lower than the side walls of the other rail. Thus, while the rail 20 shown on the left can have, for example, a side wall height of approximately 70 mm, the rail 10 shown on the right has only a height of approximately 20 mm.

However, the asymmetrical arrangement of the cams with respect to the ends of the respective rails is independent of this different height of both rails. Even similar rails 10, 20 would lead with a corresponding rotation about a horizontal axis by 180 ° to the staggered arrangement of the opposing cavities 1 and the concrete cones forming therein. By contrast, the openings for the cable loops and the corresponding cable loops 5 are arranged approximately symmetrically with respect to the two rail ends, so that the cable loops of opposing prefabricated components are relatively close to each other, as in FIG. 9 is shown. This leads at low loads to a favorable power transmission directly between the cable loops, each forming a close-fitting pair.

The length of the cavities 1 and the cams in this example is about 60 to 80 mm, their width is about 30 to 55 mm and their height about 20 mm. The distance between the cable loops is about 250 mm, which also corresponds to the pitch of the cavities 1, which have a different distance only to the ends of the respective rail, wherein the difference of the clearances of the outermost cavities 1 to their nearest ends of the rail 10 or 20 corresponds approximately to half the repeating distance, that is about 125 mm or any other value between z. B. 100 and 150 mm. Of course, the above dimensions of the individual elements can be realized independently of each other.

With regard to the other features as well, it is pointed out for purposes of the original disclosure that all features as disclosed in the present description, the drawings and the claims for a person skilled in the art, even if they have been described concretely only in connection with certain further features, both individually and in any combination with other features or feature groups disclosed herein are combinable, unless this has been expressly excluded or technical conditions make such combinations impossible or pointless. On the comprehensive, explicit representation of all conceivable combinations of features is omitted here only for the sake of brevity and readability of the description.

Claims (16)

1. Rail for accommodating cable loops (5) for connecting prefabricated components (40, 50), consisting of a rail (10) with a U-shaped profile having a base plate (11) and two angled side plates (12a, 12b; 22a, 22b), with apertures (9) in the base plate (11) of the U-shaped profile for feeding-through cable loops (7) and with a surface structure which improves the grip in the prefabricated component and which is in the form of protruding and/or receding wall portions in the base plate (11) and/or on the side walls (12a, 12b; 22a, 22b) of the U-shaped profile, characterised in that the surface structure has, at least in the base plate (11) of the U-shaped profile, in addition to the apertures (9) for cable loops (5), at least one cavity (1), the cross-sectional surface area of which, measured in the plane of the base plate (11), is at least 4 cm² and the minimum length, width and depth dimensions of which are each at least 1 cm, wherein the at least one cavity (1) is formed by an opening in the base plate and a hollow body which is open at its underside and otherwise closed and is inserted to fit into the opening provided in the base plate.
2. Rail according to claim 1, characterised in that the cavity (1) has side walls (2, 3, 4, 5) extending from its edge in the plane of the base plate into the interior of the rail (10) and a bottom (6) which is closed to the inside of the rail (10).
3. Rail according to claim 2, characterised in that the wall (2, 3, 4, 5) encloses with the base plate (11) of the rail an angle, measured in a direction in a plane perpendicular to the wall, of between 60º and 120º.
4. Rail according to claim 3, characterised in that at least a part of the walls of a cavity has different angles of inclination with respect to the base plate (11).
5. Rail according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the cavity has rounded-off corners.
6. Rail according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the cavity is, viewed from above, circular or elliptical in its embodiment.
7. Rail according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the side walls (12a, 12b; 22a, 22b) of the rail have a height, measured perpendicularly to the base plate (11), of between 20 and 80 mm.
8. Rail according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the U-shaped profile is trapezoidal in cross section, the open side of the profile forming the longer side of the trapezium.
9. Rail according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the bottom (13) of the cavities (1) extends at a distance from the base plate (11) and substantially parallel thereto.
10. Rail according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the rail has a plurality of cavities (1) distributed over the length of the rail, characterised in that the rail is embodied asymmetrically with respect to the distance of the cavities (1) from the two ends of the rail.
11. Rail according to claim 10, characterised in that the clear distances of the cavities from one of the ends of the rail differ from corresponding clear distances, which are positioned closest in terms of distance, of the cavities from the other end of the rail by an amount corresponding at least to the length of the cavities, measured in the longitudinal direction of the rail.
12. Combination of two rails according to any of claims 10 or 11, for connecting two adjacent prefabricated components, characterised in that the mutually opposing rails of adjacent prefabricated components are arranged in their longitudinal orientation so as to be rotated relative to one another through 180º, so that the cavities (1) of the opposing rails are arranged offset from one another.
13. Combination of two rails according to any of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the rails are embodied substantially symmetrically with respect to the distances of the points of passage of the cable loops from the respective ends of the rail.
14. Method for connecting two adjacent precast concrete parts having grooves which extend along their connecting or end faces, respectively, and from which protrude cable loops which, by bringing the respective connecting or end faces together and aligning the cable loops, are made to overlap for feeding a reinforcing bar simultaneously through the cable loops of both prefabricated components to be connected and subsequently to cast the grooves and adjoining joints with a casting compound, characterised in that by using the rails according to one of claims 1 to 11, cams are formed at the base of the grooves, consisting of concrete or of casting compound, which cams extend from the base of the groove into the interior of the groove or into the concrete material positioned below the base of the groove, wherein the cams have a depth or height of at least 10 mm and a cross-sectional surface area of at least 4 cm² in a plane parallel to the base of the groove.
15. Method according to claim 14, characterised in that one of the grooves has at least twice the depth of the other one of the grooves, wherein the rails are used according to one of claims 1-11, wherein the side plates (22a, 22b) of one rail (20) have a height, measured perpendicularly to the base plate (21), which is at least twice the height of the side plates (12a, 12b) of the other rail (10).
16. Precast concrete part or construction made up of a plurality of precast concrete parts, characterised in that it has, on at least one of its end sides, side faces or connecting points, a rail or a combination of rails according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 13.

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