EP0094067B1 - Filling element for floor or wall elements - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a filler element made of a heat and cold insulating material for ceiling or wall components made of hardenable materials, in which two or more spaced adjacent and optionally spaced filler profiles over at least two spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the filler profiles the following, narrow webs are connected to form integral packing elements, the cross section of the packing profiles being substantially larger than the cross section of the webs running transversely to the packing profiles.

It is known in many designs for ceiling components or wall components to use packing elements made of insulating material in order to increase the thermal insulation accordingly. In addition, insulating filler elements of this type are provided in order to reduce the proportion of the hardenable material of the components, which on the one hand saves weight and on the other hand results in inexpensive construction in addition to thermal insulation.

In a known module, an insulating body is provided over the entire length and also over the entire height of the block with undercut grooves, this insulating body being used before the module is manufactured, so that the concrete sections provided on both sides of this insulating body are positively connected to one another. Such an embodiment is particularly disadvantageous because there is no direct connection between the load-bearing elements, namely the concrete. In addition, considerable difficulties arise when more than one layer of such insulating layers is to be used in parallel in a single module.

A prefabricated hollow ceiling element is also known, in which fillers made of rigid foam are inserted between the upper and lower chord and form completely filled cavities in the ceiling element. These individual packing elements have to be firmly connected to the lower flange after the production, before the spaces between the filling elements and the upper flange are cast in. However, it is relatively difficult to hold such individual packing bodies securely and inexpensively. This is even more difficult, in particular, if these packing elements are repeatedly interrupted in their longitudinal direction, in order to create cross connections in the concrete ceiling element.

Filler bodies for ceiling elements have also become known (FR-A-2119 823), which form the lower end of the ceiling element, that is to say form the lower boundary of the ceiling element over the entire surface. These packing elements are formed from single- or multi-chamber profiles, which connect to each other. At certain intervals, channels widening towards the top are formed, into which reinforcements can be inserted.

These channels, which are open at the top, are poured with concrete after the packing elements have been laid, the concrete layer also covering the top of the packing elements. It is a so-called lost formwork, which forms the lower section of a ceiling component. After these packing elements are connected to each other downwards by continuous webs, the concrete to be filled cannot get under the packing element, so that there is no problem of buoyancy of the packing elements, especially since the poured-in concrete cannot escape downwards.

A similar known design (FR-A-2 050 208) provides a multi-chamber filler element which, when used with a ceiling component, forms a plurality of channels which are open at the top and which can be filled with concrete to be poured in. In this known arrangement, there is a complete closure at the bottom by these packing elements, so that the poured concrete rests only on the top of these elements. The problem of buoyancy of these packing elements in the manufacture of a blanket is therefore not given here. The same also applies if such packing elements are used with their open sides facing one another for the production of walls.

Problems with regard to buoyancy and the stable connection which is self-contained only arise if a ceiling element is made of a lower chord and an upper chord from hardenable material and the packing elements are arranged between the lower and upper chords. It is then necessary here that sufficient continuous connections are made between the lower and the upper chord.

It is already known (FR-A-2 044 314) to use a packing element in this way, but only relatively small through openings are provided for connecting the lower and upper chords. As a result, there is always a risk of crack formation between the upper and lower chord. In this known arrangement special holding devices for the packing element are required to this during the filling of the hardenable material, for. B. concrete, to keep in the correct position and to keep out the risk of the impact of the buoyancy of the packing element.

The present invention has for its object to provide a packing element in which a plurality of packing elements arranged next to each other despite sufficient continuous connection of the supporting upper and lower chord of a ceiling or wall element secured against buoyancy forces and can be easily fixed.

According to the invention, this is achieved in that the filler profiles, seen in cross-section, consist of a base body and an attached, integrally formed with this, narrower bar than the base body, or the filler profiles at least at their upper end by acute angles to the filler profile center axis to form an opposite to the base body narrower bar are tapered towards the top, the bar having on its top a groove, groove or the like extending in the longitudinal direction thereof and / or wherein plate-like projections are provided at a distance from one another on the upper edges of the bar, which a form a channel that is interrupted several times.

The measures according to the invention ensure that such a packing element can be placed over a large area after the lower chord of a ceiling or wall element has been poured, after which the manufacturing process for the ceiling or wall element can be continued without any special additional measures. The measures according to the invention create support surfaces for the poured-in concrete, so that the buoyancy forces during the concreting process can thus be counteracted. Even while the concrete is being poured in, a corresponding load is created on the packing elements used, since the concrete remains on these flat sections. Even if the strips at the upper end of the filler profiles are delimited by oblique surfaces that run at an acute angle, they form corresponding supports for the concrete to be poured. Compared to a circular cross-section, for example, these sloping surfaces, which run at an acute angle, provide significantly better supports on which the poured-in concrete can slide less, although the same base surface would be present when viewed upwards. Through these inclined surfaces practically the side boundaries of two adjacent filler profiles form a wedge-shaped incision, which is further improved by the hold-down by the poured-in material, for example concrete, since practically the entire wedge-shaped space between the two filler profiles is filled by the relatively dry fill and thus the whole packing element can be held down.

Despite these very simple measures to prevent the buoyancy of the filler element used, a sufficient connection between the lower flange and the upper flange of a ceiling or wall element that is hardly interrupted by the webs is created.

This effect can be particularly supported by the design according to the invention on the top of the bar, since it can be laid in a simple manner, for example, heating pipes in the channels, grooves, or the like formed on the top of the bars in a simple manner , so that there is an additional load on the _' packing elements from above and the buoyancy forces can be lifted by the weight of heating pipes or the like.

This special design of the top of the strips on the filler profiles also results in a favorable position fixation of the transverse reinforcement bars, which also help to prevent the buoyancy of the filler elements during the pouring process in the manufacture of the ceiling element.

Especially when heating pipes are inserted, there is a further significant advantage, since this configuration ensures that the heat is emitted in particular upwards, since the area underneath is stripped by the filler profile 2.

Especially with regard to the buoyancy of the packing elements in the manufacture of ceiling or wall components, the large-area, one-piece design proves to be particularly advantageous, since the concrete introduced can act as a load on the large packing element.

• Figur 1 eine Stirnansicht eines Füllkörperelementes
• Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf dieses Füllkörperelement
• Figur 3 einen Schnitt nach der Linie I-I in Fig. 2
• Figur 4 eine Schrägsicht eines Teiles dieses Füllkörperelementes
• Figur 5 die Endbereiche zweier aneinander anschließender Deckenbauelemente
• Figur 6 bis 17 verschiedene Ausführungsformen von Füllkörperelementen jeweils in Stirnansicht.

Further features according to the invention and special advantages are explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the drawings. Show it :

• Figure 1 is an end view of a packing element
• Figure 2 is a plan view of this packing element
• 3 shows a section along the line II in FIG. 2nd
• Figure 4 is an oblique view of part of this packing element
• Figure 5 shows the end regions of two adjoining ceiling components
• Figure 6 to 17 different embodiments of packing elements each in front view.

1 to 5, a filler element 1 is shown, which consists of a heat and cold insulating material, that is, has a corresponding insulating property. This packing element is used in ceiling or wall components 2 '. Such ceiling or wall components are made of a hardenable material, so they mostly consist of concrete. Of course, such filler elements can be used in the same way for ceiling or wall construction elements made of lightweight concrete, heavy concrete, aerated concrete, plastic or the like.

The filler elements 1 consist of two or more spaced filler profiles 2, which are connected to one another via webs 3 to form one-piece filler elements 1. So it becomes a created relatively large-area packing element, which can be quickly installed and is also easy to attach against buoyancy.

It can be seen from the drawing that the cross section of the webs 3 is significantly smaller than the cross section of the filler profiles 2, so that despite the one-piece design of large-area filler elements 1 there is hardly any interruption in the lengthwise concrete sections between the filler profiles 2. In order that the packing elements can be stabilized, adjacent packing profiles 2 are connected to one another via at least two webs 3. However, several webs are expediently provided, as can also be seen, for example, from FIG. 2. As a result, there is the possibility of designing the packing elements to be divisible, with a corresponding stability still being provided. This makes it easy to adapt to components of different lengths. Of course, the width can also be adjusted very easily, since individual packing profiles 2 can be separated in a simple manner. If continuous sections with special reinforcement and particular load-bearing capacity have to be provided, for example in a ceiling slab, there is also the possibility in a simple manner to cut out a continuous filler profile so that a correspondingly wide concrete section with reinforcements can be provided. Appropriately, the webs 3 adjoining on opposite sides of the filler body profiles 2 are at least partially offset from one another, so that when the length is cut off, a corresponding hold is given again and again.

In the embodiment shown here, the webs 3 are provided at the lower edge region of the filler profiles 2, so that the continuous support profiles between the individual filler profiles are not interrupted. Of course, it would also be possible to arrange these webs 3 in the central region in relation to the height of the filler profile or at the upper edge thereof, in which case the webs 3 could end flush with the upper edge of the filler profile. It would also be conceivable to provide two or more webs 3 at different heights with respect to the packing profiles, the webs 3 arranged at different heights also being able to be arranged offset with respect to one another in the longitudinal direction of the packing profiles 2.

The webs 3 are expediently trapezoidal in cross section, which in particular contributes to simple manufacture.

Free-projecting webs 3 ′ are provided on the outer filler body profiles 2 and are equipped with connecting means for adjacent filler body elements 1. A particularly simple design is provided if the freely projecting webs 3 'have hook-like projections 4 which point in opposite directions on opposite sides of the packing elements 1. As a result, the adjoining packing elements 1 overlap, so that lateral movement is prevented. A mutual connection is also possible by inserting clamps which are inserted into the projecting webs 3 '. Of course, a special design of these freely projecting webs 3 'can also achieve a positive connection with effectiveness in the longitudinal direction of the filler profiles.

A further design for the mutual locking of adjoining packing elements 1 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Corresponding elevations 5 and / or depressions 5 'are provided at the front ends of the filler body profiles, which engage in a form-fitting manner when two filler body elements are joined together. These elevations 5 or depressions 5 'can of course have any conceivable cross-sectional shape.

As can be seen in the drawing, the filler body profiles 2, seen in cross-section, consist of a base body 6 and an attached bar 7, which is formed in one piece with the base body 6 and is made narrower than the base body 6 8 created, which run approximately parallel to the level of the packing element 1, thereby creating support surfaces for the poured concrete, so that the buoyant forces can be counteracted. Even while the concrete is being poured in, a corresponding load is created on the packing elements used, since the concrete remains on these flat sections 8.

The strip 7 of the filler profiles 2 has on its upper side a groove, groove 9 or the like extending in the longitudinal direction thereof, into which heating pipes can be inserted if necessary. This makes it possible to use the heating pipes when installing a ceiling plate, which are then permanently installed in a ceiling plate. So far, it was common to place such heating pipes on the ceiling panels, after which a screed had to be applied. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous if these heating pipes are placed directly on the packing elements, since this creates a particularly favorable weighting of these parts against buoyancy during the pouring of the concrete.

In order on the one hand to achieve good lateral stabilization of the heating pipes used and, on the other hand, to provide support for transverse reinforcement, 7 plate-like extensions 10 are provided on the upper edges of the strip. The fact that these plate-like extensions 10 on each other at a distance other follow a great contact between a possibly inserted heating pipe and the surrounding concrete is created so that heat transfer is not hindered. In addition, such a configuration ensures that the heat is given off in particular upwards, since the area underneath is stripped by the filler profiles 2.

In order to achieve a favorable positional fixation of the transverse reinforcement bars, one or more depressions 11 and / or corresponding elevations running transversely to the longitudinal extent of the filler body profiles 2 can be provided on the plate-like extensions 10.

As shown in the drawing, the plate-like extensions 10 can be arranged in pairs at a distance from one another. However, there is also the possibility of arranging them successively offset from one another in order to thereby create a continuous support possibility. In the arrangement of a plurality of filler profiles 2 lying parallel to one another, there is also the possibility of arranging the pairs of extensions 10 of successive filler profiles 2 offset from one another, so that the reinforcement then rests on extensions 10 of every second filler profile.

As can also be seen from FIGS. 1 to 5, the base body 6 of the filler body profiles 1 is designed as a U-profile which is open at the bottom. This makes it possible to create a cavity in which lines can be used, for example for the electrical power supply, even after the production of ceiling or wall components. In order to stiffen the base body 6 accordingly, transverse ribs 12 are inserted at a distance from one another, which leave a passage 13 open downwards in the middle region.

1 to 5, a plate-like filler element is created which is characterized by simple prefabrication, can be installed quickly and can be secured against buoyancy with little effort. Concrete building elements with packing elements are usually manufactured using soft concrete, so there is only a small amount of noise during compaction. The prefabrication of the packing elements is advantageously carried out in conventional production machines for EPS rigid foam.

The simplest version is the production from a one-piece casting. Of course, there is also the possibility of forming these packing elements into a one-piece structure by gluing individual packing profiles and webs or using other connecting elements.

It should be noted as particularly advantageous that the shape of the packing elements can be adapted to the static requirements and can therefore be used in all conventional concrete components.

Due to the shape and the selected spacing of the filler profiles, a connecting reinforcement between the lower and upper reinforcement layer can be dispensed with under normal stress on a wall or ceiling component.

Due to the special design of the packing elements, they can be used for prefabrication in the company as well as for on-site production. The displacement bodies can be used in unreinforced, prestressed or slack-reinforced concrete parts.

5 shows how such packing elements are inserted into a ceiling component 2. The reinforcement 14 of the lower flange is provided below the filler element and an upper reinforcement 14 'can be used above the filler element. At the abutting edges of the concrete components 2 niches are created, in which the reinforcing bars 14 in the form of z. B. bracket-like eyelets 15 so that a good connection of adjacent ceiling components 2 can be created by subsequent casting of these niches 16. Since the filler elements run in the entire longitudinal direction of the concrete structural elements 2, subsequent insertion of electrical lines, heating pipes or the like is possible in a simple manner.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 to 10, different cross-sectional embodiments of packing elements are shown. There is the possibility that all filler profiles have the same cross-section and are connected to one another by webs 3, or else filler profiles 2 of different cross-sections can be arranged next to one another, as can be seen from the figures mentioned. It can be seen from this that there is also the possibility of designing the filler profiles as hollow profiles with one or more cavities 17 which are continuous in the longitudinal direction. There is also the possibility of providing transverse ribs 12 in these embodiments in order to stiffen the filler body profiles accordingly. The appropriate cross-sectional shape can therefore be selected as required.

FIG. 11 shows an embodiment in which the filler profiles 2 are comb-like in cross section with a plurality of longitudinal ribs 18 running approximately parallel and at a distance from one another. In such an embodiment as well as in all other design variants, attached strips 7 can be provided, which can be used to put on heating pipes and / or to put on a transverse reinforcement.

As can also be seen in FIGS. 12 to 17, there is a wide range of possible variations in order to provide different cross-sectional shapes of the filler body profiles depending on the requirements and the intended use.

There are many different forms of Packing profiles are integrally connected to one another by webs 3. It is also possible that within a single packing element the packing profiles arranged in a line do not run continuously but can also be interrupted. With such an arrangement, it is expedient if the interruptions formed in adjacent rows of packing profiles are arranged offset to one another. Of course, it is also possible to arrange these interruptions at successive rows of filler profiles at the same height, in which case continuous concrete ribs can then be created.

Within the scope of the invention it is of course possible to connect a plurality of filler body profiles of different cross-sectional shape, different thickness or height and / or different longitudinal course to one another via webs. It is therefore always essential that the individual filler profiles are connected by webs to form a uniform, one-piece filler element. The design of the webs has already been explained in some design variants. Of course, these webs can also be rectangular, triangular or polygonal, circular or elliptical, etc., in a particularly simple production. There is also the possibility with the webs that they have a different cross-section over their length, that they run straight, angled or arched.

Claims (4)

1. A filling material element of a thermally insulating material for ceiling or wall building elements of hardenable materials, in which two or more filling material sections (2) arranged at a distance beside one another and where appropriate joined to one another at a distance are connected to one another in each case by way of at least two narrow webs (3) following after one another at a distance as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the filling material sections (2) so as to form integral filling material elements (1), the cross-section of the filling material sections (2) being substantially greater than the cross-section of the webs (3) extending transversely to the filling material sections, characterized in that the filling material sections (2) as viewed in cross-section comprise a base member (6) and a superposed strip (7) which is formed integrally therewith and is narrower than the base member (6), or the filling material sections (2) at least at their upper boundary are given an upward taper by oblique surfaces extending at an acute angle to the median axis of the filling material sections so as to form a strip narrower than the base member, the strip (7) being provided at its top with a channel, groove (9) or the like which extends in the longitudinal direction, and/or plate-like extensions (10) which form a multiply interrupted channel being provided at a distance from one another on the upper edges of the strip (7).

2. A filling material element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the plate-like extensions (10) are arranged staggered with respect to one another on the opposite edges of the strip (7).

3. A filling material element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the plate-like extensions (10) are arranged in pairs in each case at a distance from one another on the strip (7).

-4. A filling material element according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plate-like extensions (10) are provided on their upper side with one or more depressions (17) and/or raised portions extending transversely to the longitudinal extension of the filling material sections (2).

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