EP2181225B1 - Mehrere module umfassendes gebäude - Google Patents

Mehrere module umfassendes gebäude Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2181225B1
EP2181225B1 EP07856638A EP07856638A EP2181225B1 EP 2181225 B1 EP2181225 B1 EP 2181225B1 EP 07856638 A EP07856638 A EP 07856638A EP 07856638 A EP07856638 A EP 07856638A EP 2181225 B1 EP2181225 B1 EP 2181225B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building
module
modules
room
corridor
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Not-in-force
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EP07856638A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2181225A1 (de
Inventor
Winston Theler
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to PL07856638T priority Critical patent/PL2181225T3/pl
Publication of EP2181225A1 publication Critical patent/EP2181225A1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/005—Modulation co-ordination
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
    • E04H3/02—Hotels; Motels; Coffee-houses; Restaurants; Shops; Department stores
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B2001/34892—Means allowing access to the units, e.g. stairs or cantilevered gangways

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of buildings constructed using modules.
  • the invention relates to the building; to the module a plurality of which are present in the building; and to a method for erecting the building.
  • buildings are erected by transporting building materials, in particular bricks, sand, cement, structural steel, roofing tiles, windows, doors, conduit pipes for liquids, electric cables, signal cables, floor coverings, etc., to a construction site and erecting the building there gradually in the course of many months making use of transport devices and hoists and a considerable amount of manpower.
  • building materials in particular bricks, sand, cement, structural steel, roofing tiles, windows, doors, conduit pipes for liquids, electric cables, signal cables, floor coverings, etc.
  • modules i.e. units that are considerably larger than the building blocks used in the construction of buildings and therefore reduce the number of units to be assembled on the erection site of the building.
  • ceiling modules and wall modules there is occasional mention of ceiling modules and wall modules.
  • the term is frequently used to designate units that have considerable extension in all three dimensions and occupy a considerable volume. Examples to be mentioned are prefabricated garages and modules enclosing a whole useful room, e.g. a room to be used by persons, see e.g. DE 14 34 667 A .
  • the invention lies in the field of such three-dimensional modules.
  • DE 298 19179 discloses a system of transportable containers for housing of persons having at least one container for living with at least two entrances or exits and a bathroom container adapted to the container for living and accessible through one of the at least two entrances of exits.
  • WO 94/05879 discloses a transportable, heat insulated and completely equipped dwelling unit based upon an ISO container and designed for being connected to one or several corresponding dwelling units to form a united group of separate dwelling units.
  • US 6,179,358 B1 discloses a mobile hospital system that can be moved by tractors, helicopters, railway locomotives and/or sea vessels and provide comprehensive diagnoses and medical treatments to casualties and patients, wherein a plurality of container wagons functionally operate as part of a hospital.
  • FR 2 465 848 discloses a mobile building system generally in the form of a norm container.
  • DE 203 20 135 discloses a modular laboratory on the basis of norm containers.
  • the invention is based on the problem of providing a building or building portion comprising a plurality of modules which is adapted to be erected on the erection site of the building or building portion with comparatively very little labor and time consumption due to the design of the modules.
  • the invention has the result that the production steps take place to a greater extent than hitherto in the module manufacturing plant, where they take place unimpaired by weather influences - assuming a hall-like manufacturing facility - and can be carried out very economically due to the recurrence of identical operations. It is much easier to transport the materials and single parts for the individual modules consistently to the module manufacturing plant than to transport the building materials and single parts to changing construction sites.
  • the subjects of the invention are a room module according to claim 1, a building according to claim 9, and a method for erecting a portion of a building according to claim 14.
  • Preferred embodiments of the subjects of the invention are stated in claims 2 to 8, claims 10 to 13, and claim 15.
  • the present patent discloses a building having at least in one building portion an arrangement of a plurality of modules positioned side by side,
  • modules being positioned side by side with adjacent corridor sections.
  • the side-by-side positioning is preferably carried out such that the corridor sections are thereby adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the corridor.
  • the inventive modules used in the invention have prefabricated module design, i.e. they can be produced in a manufacturing plant in a condition close to the ready-for-use condition; for erecting the building portion or building it is only necessary to assemble the modules and do a few supplementary operations. This of course does not rule out that certain completion operations must still also be carried out on the modules themselves on the construction site, typically after the modules have been assembled to form the building portion or building; this is particularly applicable when individual final operations can be performed more efficiently on the construction site than in said manufacturing plant.
  • a corridor section in the module in question signifies an important step toward higher prefabrication depth in the manufacturing plant.
  • Useful room and corridor section need no longer be assembled on the construction site.
  • the corridor section has a width (measured transversely to the longitudinal extension of the corridor) that corresponds to the corridor width; however, it is also possible to work e.g. with substantially half the corridor width. Examples below will make this clearer.
  • the modules used according to the invention have a size so as to be transportable with a road vehicle, preferably without requiring an escort vehicle besides the actual transportation vehicle to fulfill regulations.
  • the stated corridor section is located as a rule adjacent a transverse boundary of a useful room, so that the corridor section increases the length of the module, but not the width.
  • the inventive module is an optimal compromise between large module dimensions (which are favorable for assembly to form the building portion or building) and unproblematic transport of the modules to the construction site.
  • the module used according to the invention is by no means restricted to having only one useful room. The size of the useful room naturally also plays a part here.
  • the module has only one useful room (optionally with a sanitary unit as a subroom) and at least the partial width of a corridor section.
  • Practicable sizes of the useful room for many building types are ten to twenty square meters.
  • a particularly attractive embodiment of the invention is obtained if the module comprises two useful rooms with the corridor section (in the full corridor width) therebetween, preferably consisting of the two useful rooms (optionally each with a subroom) and the corridor section therebetween.
  • the inventive building is preferably provided with modules wherein the term "useful room” means a useful room that is enclosed, of course with the exception of windows, doors, passages or the like.
  • modules can also be used wherein the useful room is completely or largely open on one, two or, in extreme cases, three sides.
  • Such modules can be used to construct e.g. hall-like building portions comprising e.g. the base area of a plurality of useful rooms substantially without dividing walls.
  • the modules used according to the invention are in general positioned side by side, longitudinal side against longitudinal side. This is not a mandatory condition, however, and in particular does not exclude neighboring modules being also attached transverse side against transverse side.
  • the modules used according to the invention are preferably executed in metal truss design. This permits the required strength to be obtained at the same time as comparatively low inherent weight, which facilitates the transportability of the module.
  • the term "metal truss design" relates to the load-bearing skeleton of the module.
  • the non-load-bearing or less load-bearing components of the module can be made of lighter materials or parts, in particular plate-like parts.
  • the module has a substantially horizontal, preferably reinforced, concrete slab in its lower end area. The concrete slab is a heavy component of the module but, on the other hand, gives it high strength and reduced sound conduction through the floor.
  • the ceiling of the module used according to the invention it is preferable to work with a metal panel disposed altogether substantially horizontally and profiled in its cross section in the longitudinal direction of the module or in its cross section in the transverse direction of the module, which increases its stiffness.
  • a metal panel disposed altogether substantially horizontally and profiled in its cross section in the longitudinal direction of the module or in its cross section in the transverse direction of the module, which increases its stiffness.
  • the ceiling area of the module can be formed as a roof, preferably having insulation above the regular ceiling or metal panel and thereabove a waterproof roof cover. The latter can also be inclined.
  • the modules used according to the invention are preferably so executed as to have inherent stability at least for their transport and for the building assembly, e.g. by means of a mobile crane, so that temporary stiffening measures for transport and the assembly process are dispensable.
  • the module design is preferably such that the building or the building portion in question is constructed from inherently stable modules without an additional supporting structure, which involves great advantages for assembly on the erection site of the building, but also great cost advantages. It is also possible to proceed in such a way, however, that the inherent module stability suffices for e.g. two-story or three-story buildings but an additional supporting structure is used for yet higher buildings. Further, it is possible to work with modules having higher inherent stability for the lower stories and to provide modules having an inherent stability that is lower by comparison for the stories located higher up.
  • modules located side by side and/or one above the other are preferably connected firmly with each other, e.g. by connecting elements of the screw or bolt type. This increases the stability of the building or building portion or is even required therefor; furthermore, it avoids relative motions between the modules during the time of utilization of the building.
  • the module used according to the invention is preferably present in such prefabricated module design as to be equipped with an integrated sanitary unit having a toilet, a shower and a wash basin.
  • the installation of such sanitary facilities only on the erection site of the building comprises working steps that cannot be carried out very efficiently on the erection site of the building.
  • the module used according to the invention is preferably executed in such prefabricated module design that fresh water installation (as a rule cold and hot) and/or waste water installation and/or cooling/heating and/or waste air ducts and/or electrical and signal line installation are already provided by the manufacturing plant. This contributes to increased efficiency of production.
  • the inventive modular design of the building or building portion can be preferably utilized for working with a design of the building foundation that can be produced particularly efficiently. This is of special importance because the foundation is a part that must necessarily be constructed on the erection site of the building or building portion.
  • the building foundation is preferably constructed with concrete strips at least along the outer edges of the building or building portion. Where no foundation strips are present it is possible to work with foundation blocks which are present at the corners of the modules, but also at intermediate points on the outer longitudinal module side in question or the outer transverse module side in question.
  • the preferable manner of working is such that between the floor sides of the modules of the lowermost story of the building or building portion there is a distance between the floor side and the top ground surface. This makes it possible to omit a moisture barrier from below.
  • inventive buildings or building portions are hotel buildings, hospital buildings, hostel buildings (e.g. hostels beside large civil projects such as stadium construction, dam construction; hostels after natural disasters), or buildings whose useful rooms are for storage.
  • inventive buildings or building portions are hotel buildings, hospital buildings, hostel buildings (e.g. hostels beside large civil projects such as stadium construction, dam construction; hostels after natural disasters), or buildings whose useful rooms are for storage.
  • the invention allows for various gradations of comfort, size, feature package of the modules, depending on the intended purpose.
  • the invention is not restricted to the building or one contemplated building portion consisting exclusively of equally large modules. It is e.g. quite possible to construct a first building portion from modules of a first type and to construct a second, adjoining or also somewhat remote building portion from modules of a second type. However, one can also alternate regularly or irregularly between the first type and the second type.
  • the first type and the second type can differ in particular by the size of the useful room, but also by the package features and other features.
  • a further subject of the invention is a useful room module in prefabricated module design which
  • - has a size so as to be transportable with a road vehicle
  • - has a useful room as well as at least a partial width of a corridor section adjacent the useful room;
  • Yet a further subject of the invention is a method for erecting a building portion as is disclosed in the present application, characterized in that
  • a plurality of transportable modules are produced in a manufacturing plant in prefabricated module design, which each have a useful room and at least a partial width of a corridor section adjacent the useful room;
  • the useful room module is substantially cuboid and has at least four substantially vertical metal trusses positioned in the four corners of the module or in at least three corners of a useful room, as well as substantially horizontal metal trusses between the upper end areas and between the lower end areas of the substantially vertical metal trusses.
  • the module is present in such prefabricated module design that the waste water installation of the module is present, with or without downpipe section(s) extending from above to below substantially over the height of the module.
  • the module is present in such prefabricated module design that the module is equipped either with a unit for producing a flow of cooled air or with a unit which can alternatively produce a flow of cooled air or of heated air.
  • the module is present in such prefabricated module design that the module contains at least one waste air pipe section.
  • the module has a suspended ceiling either in the corridor section or in the corridor section as well as at least a part of a useful room.
  • said modules are present which have in their upper end area a substantially horizontally extending insulation and thereabove a waterproof roof cover.
  • the building is characterized in that said modules are present which have at least one outer building wall with an at least two-leaf design and insulation therebetween.
  • the building is characterized in that an outer leaf of an outer wall is constructed with metal panels.
  • the building is characterized in that said modules are present which have at least one inside building wall with an at least two-leaf design and sound insulation therebetween.
  • the building is characterized in that a building foundation is constructed with concrete strips at least along the outer edges of the building.
  • a building foundation is so formed that said modules of a lowermost story of the building have a space between their underside and the top ground surface.
  • the building is a one-story, a two-story, a three-story, a four-story, a five-story or a six-story building, whereby at least one story has said modules in said arrangement.
  • the building has at least one story in which said modules occupy more than 50% of the story area.
  • the building shown in Fig. 1 is a two-story hotel building, whereby some details, in particular components of the building air conditioning system located on the roof of the building, are omitted.
  • the building has 23 double rooms on the ground floor, some general rooms on the ground floor and 30 double rooms on the upper floor. This is only an example.
  • the building could have a greater length and have further stories. Furthermore, it is possible to erect a plurality of such buildings simultaneously, with the required distance therebetween, to thereby have a building complex of greater capacity.
  • the presence of general rooms in the building is discretionary.
  • the building could also be constructed exclusively or almost exclusively from hotel rooms, optionally with stairs and an elevator, and the general rooms e.g. provided in a separate building.
  • the shown building 2 is a hotel building, but could - optionally with certain modifications - also be a hospital building or a hostel building.
  • the main entrance 4 to the building is located on the narrow side on the left in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 2 One can see the entrance 4 on the left and the stairwell 6 on the right.
  • a corridor 12 extends along the building 2 in the middle thereof.
  • double rooms 14 which are all of at least substantially identical design in the shown example. However, this is discretionary. It is also possible to have e.g. two (or more) different room sizes, and the rooms could e.g. have different interior décors.
  • the double rooms 14 are double rooms with a place to sleep for a third person in this embodiment.
  • the rooms 14 belonging to a common module 20 are designed as the mirror image of each other, the center line of the corridor 12 being the symmetry axis.
  • two modules 20, respectively, positioned side by side are designed in mirror image relative to the partition wall located therebetween.
  • the building 2 has a row of twelve rooms 14 located above the corridor 12 in Fig. 2 and a row of eleven rooms located below the corridor 12 in Fig. 2 .
  • Fig. 2 The left end of the lower row of rooms in Fig. 2 is followed by some general rooms, substantially in the following order: room for technical installations with access door 10, toilets, toilets and shower room for handicapped persons, water heating room, stock room for cleaning materials, stock room for clean laundry, room for used laundry with access door 8, storeroom, reception.
  • An elevator 22 is furthermore provided there. Following the upper row of rooms there is first a stairway 24 and then a lounge 26 with tables and chairs and with vending machines for foods and drinks.
  • the area or portion to the left of the rooms 14 is also constructed from modules which have the same format and the same basic structure as the modules 20 for the rooms 14. However, with the exception of the outer walls on the outer sides of the building 2, a considerable portion of the walls of the modules is omitted (this is especially clear with the lounge 26 where there are no more inside walls at all apart from the partition wall beside the stairwell 24); in some places there are internal partitions which the modules 20 for the rooms 14 do not have.
  • Fig. 3 shows an individual module 20 somewhere from the non-end area of the corridor 12, which has two double rooms 14 and the corridor section 12a in question therebetween.
  • the sanitary unit 30 is made mostly of plastic, whereby a few large-sized components (e.g. floor component, several large wall components, ceiling component) are conjoined. Apart from these components constituting the perimeter of the sanitary unit, the sanitary unit 30 contains a wash basin 32 (optionally likewise co-formed integrally from the plastic), a shower area 34 and a toilet 36.
  • the sanitary unit 30 is accessible from the rest of the room 14 through a door 38.
  • the sanitary unit 30 contains the usual sanitary installations such as faucets on the wash basin 32 and in the shower area 34, shower head, water cistern, mirror, shelves.
  • the actual sanitary installations such as cold fresh water pipes, hot fresh water pipes, waste water pipe, as well as electrical installations for electrical outlets and light sources are likewise present.
  • Each room furthermore contains substantially a lower double bed 40, a narrower bunk bed 42 positioned above a part of the double bed 40, a desk 44, a chair 46 in front of the desk 44.
  • the module 20 shown in Fig. 3 is produced in a manufacturing plant in the condition shown in Fig. 3 (optionally without the beds 40, 42, without the desk 44, without the chair 46, without or with the floor covering not shown in the drawing, in the room 14 in question), and driven by truck to the erection site of the building 2. There, the module 20 can be taken off the truck conveniently and with low time expenditure in particular by mobile crane and inserted at the desired position in the building 2 and fastened there.
  • the module is about 3 m wide, about 13 m long, whereby about 1.6 m is allotted to the corridor width, and a good 3 m high.
  • each module 20 is executed in metal truss design with a concrete floor slab
  • the main support frame of each module 20 consists of six vertical steel trusses 60 with an e.g. hollow square cross section, and horizontal steel trusses 62 extending between the upper ends and the lower ends of the vertical steel trusses 60, as well as a lower concrete slab 64.
  • the vertical steel trusses are located at the four corners of each room 14, but with the exception of that corner where a door 54 is located; alternatively it is possible to work with four vertical steel trusses at the four corners of each room 14 and thus altogether eight vertical steel trusses.
  • a strong sheet-metal plate 66 - either profiled in the longitudinal direction of the room 14 or profiled in the transverse direction of the room 14 - was inserted between the lower, horizontal steel trusses 62, and then thereabove a reinforcement steel mesh as is usual when concreting reinforced concrete floors. Concreting was then done, either only on the steel sheet or also including the underside of the steel sheet.
  • the horizontal steel trusses on the longitudinal sides of the module 20 can have an H-section if a non-end module is involved, and a U-section with a vertical base web if a longitudinal side at the end of the building is involved. In both cases it is readily possible to insert there the profiled sheet-metal plates 66 both for the floor and for the ceiling.
  • the trusses 60 and 62 can be coated with e.g. TECWOOL (registered trademark) to ensure the fireproofing.
  • TECWOOL registered trademark
  • a strong, profiled steel sheet 66 is likewise inserted with the upper, horizontal steel trusses 62.
  • the outer walls of the module 20 forming outside building walls - i.e. the two transverse outer walls 50 in Fig. 3 - are of multi-leaf structure.
  • the described structure and the described materials of the walls were by way of example. There are quite a number of possible embodiments known among experts here.
  • the walls can have on the inside a final finish, e.g. paint, wallpaper, etc.
  • Fig. 4 shows that the module 20 is equipped with suspended ceilings 82 both in the rooms 14 and in the corridor section 12a, which are suspended lower in the area above the sanitary unit and above the part of the room located beside the sanitary unit 30 than in the remaining room 14 and in the corridor section 12a.
  • the suspended ceilings 82 provide free insulating space between themselves and the metal sheet 66 and provide free space for convenient installation of technical equipment.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically the cold fresh water installation 84 by thick lines and the hot fresh water installation 86 by thick, broken lines, and also one vertical waste water pipe 88 for each sanitary unit 30. Further, one waste air pipe 90 for each sanitary unit 30 is shown schematically. Finally, an electrical installation is shown by thin lines very schematically and only up to the onset of the particular room 14. It comprises feeders 92 for light, for cooling and heating, and for other consumers to be supplied via electrical outlets. It furthermore comprises signal lines, in particular for antenna signals, telephone lines, Internet lines, etc.
  • the prefabricated module design of the particular module 20 preferably goes so far that the installations for cold fresh water, hot fresh water, waste water, waste air, electricity, electrical signals are already provided completely or very largely by the manufacturing plant.
  • connections e.g. with flexible pipe sections between the cold fresh water pipes along the corridor section 12a, analogously for the hot fresh water pipes, analogously for the waste water pipe 88 at the upper or lower interface of the contemplated module 20, analogously for the waste air pipe 90 at the upper or lower interface of the contemplated module 20, and e.g.
  • the longitudinal pipes or lines extending along the corridor 12 and supplying a plurality of modules 20 are located in the suspended ceiling of the corridor 12.
  • each room is equipped with a combined cooling and heating unit 100 which has a fan not shown in the drawing.
  • a combined cooling and heating unit 100 which has a fan not shown in the drawing.
  • electrical heating wires are installed.
  • the cooling there are basically two possible embodiments, namely the presence of a refrigerant evaporator in the unit 100 or the presence of a heat exchanger which releases heat from a cold cooling liquid (e.g. saltwater or water-glycol mixture) into the warm ambient air without evaporation.
  • the actual cold production is effected by means of a cold production unit 102 on the roof of the building 2 where refrigerant is compressed with a compressor and then condensed in a heat exchange condenser.
  • the condensed refrigerant is passed to one or more cooling and heating units and passed back upward after evaporation.
  • the cold cooling liquid is produced in or near the cold production unit 102 by heat exchange in a refrigerant evaporator, then passed to one or more units 100 and finally passed back upward in a heated state (intermediate circuit for cooling liquid).
  • One cold production unit 102 is preferably provided for a plurality of units 100, e.g. for four units 100.
  • the prefabrication of the module 20 in question at the manufacturing plant can, but need not, go so far that the rooms 14 ex works already have a finished floor covering, e.g. of wood, so-called laminate, or carpeting.
  • a finished floor covering e.g. of wood, so-called laminate, or carpeting.
  • the floor covering here preferably as carpeting, only at the end of the construction work on the erection site of the building 2.
  • the joints between the corridor sections 12a are previously sealed e.g. with plastic strips.
  • modules 20 have sufficient inherent stability to be transported to the erection site of the building without problem by truck and inserted into the building 2 there e.g. by means of a crane.
  • the inherent stability of the modules 20 is so great that the building 2 does not require an additional supporting structure.
  • Modules 20 positioned side by side are fastened to each other e.g. by screwed connections between adjacent vertical steel trusses 60.
  • Modules 20 positioned one above the other are fastened to each other e.g. by metal bolts which are inserted in each case by half into an upper or lower end of a vertical steel truss 60 and screwed together there.
  • Fig. 4 one can also see that one longitudinal side of the shown module 20 rests on a continuous foundation strip 96 made of concrete.
  • foundation strips 96 are present along all four outer walls of the building 2, but otherwise foundation blocks of concrete spaced apart by e.g. about 3 m for the longitudinal outer sides, so that the lower, horizontal steel trusses of the modules 20 of the ground floor can be supported there.
  • spaced foundation blocks one can also work with foundation strips 96 for all or many of the module sides.
  • An inventive module 20 need not necessarily have the structure shown in Fig. 3 with two useful rooms and a corridor section therebetween.
  • a further possibility would be a separation on the corridor side beside an inner transverse wall of a room 14, so that a first module would then practically comprise only one room and the other module one room with an attached corridor section 12a with the full corridor width.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
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  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Raum-Modul (20) in Fertigmodulauslegung, das
    - eine derartige Grösse hat, dass es mit einem Strassenfahrzeug transportabel ist;
    - einen umschlossenen Nutzungsraum (14) sowie mindestens eine Teilbreite eines einer Querabgrenzung (55) des umschlossenen Nutzungsraums benachbarten Flurabschnitts (12a) aufweist,
    - wobei der umschlossene Nutzungsraum (14) von dem Flurabschnitt (12a) zugänglich ist;
    - und eine derartige Ausbildung hat, dass es bei Nebeneinander-Positionierung mit mindestens einem weiteren Raum-Modul (20), das die vorstehend genannten Merkmale besitzt, und zwar mit aneinander anschliessenden Flurabschnitten, mindestens einen Bereich eines Gebäudes (2) ergibt.
  2. Raum-Modul (20) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modul (20) zwei umschlossene Nutzungsräume (14) mit dem Flurabschnitt (12a) dazwischen aufweist.
  3. Raum-Modul (20) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modul (20) in Draufsicht im wesentlichen rechteckig mit einer Breite von 2,4 bis 3,6 m und einer Länge von 5,0 bis 8,5 m bei Auslegung für einen umschlossenen Nutzungsraum oder von 10,0 bis 16,5 m bei Auslegung für zwei umschlossene Nutzungsraume ist.
  4. Raum-Modul (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modul (20) in Metallträgerkonstruktion ausgeführt ist.
  5. Raum-Modul (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modul (20) mindestens für seinen Transport und für den Gebäudezusammenbau Eigenstabilität hat.
  6. Raum-Modul (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modul (20) in derartiger Fertigmodulauslegung vorhanden ist, dass es mit einer integrierten Nasszelle (30) ausgestattet ist, die eine Toilette, eine Dusche und ein Waschbecken aufweist.
  7. Raum-Modul (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modul (20) in derartiger Fertigmodulauslegung vorhanden ist, dass die elektrische Installation (92) des Moduls (20), und zwar mit oder ohne Leitungsabschnitt(e) (92) längs des Flurabschnitts (12a), vorhanden ist.
  8. Raum-Modul (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modul (20) in derartiger Fertigmodulauslegung vorhanden ist, dass die Frischwasserinstallation (84; 86) des Moduls (20), und zwar mit oder ohne Frischwasserleitungsabschnitt(e) (84; 86) längs des Flurabschnitts (12a), vorhanden ist.
  9. Gebäude, welches mindestens in einem Gebäudebereich eine Anordnung mehrerer, nebeneinander positionierter Raum-Module (20) besitzt, die jeweils ausgelegt sind, wie in einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 spezifiziert.
  10. Gebäude nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gebäude (2) aus eigenstabilen Modulen (20) ohne zusätzliche Tragstruktur aufgebaut ist.
  11. Gebäude nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass genannte Module (20) vorhanden sind, die in ihrer Nebeneinanderpositionierung verbunden sind, und/oder dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass genannte Module (20) in Übereinanderpositionierung vorhanden sind, die in ihrer Übereinanderpositionierung verbunden sind.
  12. Gebäude nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gebäudefundament Fundamentblöcke aufweist, auf denen ein betreffendes, in Draufsicht im wesentlichen rechteckiges Modul (20) mit mindestens einer Längsaussenseite (80) und/oder einer Queraussenseite (62) irgendwo zwischen seinen Ecken aufsitzt.
  13. Gebäude nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Hotelgebäude, ein Krankenhausgebäude, ein Personenwohnheim-Gebäude oder ein Gebäude mit Lagerungs-Nutzungsräumen ist.
  14. Verfahren zum Errichten des Bereichs eines Gebäudes (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    (a) dass mehrere genannte Module (20) in einem Herstellerwerk hergestellt werden;
    (b) dass mehrere genannte Module (20) auf Lastkraftwagen zu dem Errichtungsort des Gebäudes (2) transportiert werden;
    (c) dass in zeitlicher Staffelung mehrere genannte Module (20) mit einem Kran von dem betreffenden Lastkraftwagen gehoben und mit aneinander anschließenden Flurabschnitten (12a) nebeneinander positioniert werden;
    (d) und dass mindestens eine Leitung für Flüssigkeit und/oder mindestens eine Leitung für Strom (84; 86; 92) oder elektrische Signale, die sich im Wesentlichen in Horizontalrichtung über mehrere Module (20) erstreckt, dadurch erstellt wird, dass entweder Leitungsabschnitte, die pro Modul (20) in den Modulen (20) vorhanden sind, gekuppelt werden oder dass eine Mehrmodul-Leitung eingebaut und in den Modulen (20) vorhandene Leitungen abzweigungsmäßig an die Mehrmodul-Leitung angekuppelt werden.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der angegebenen Weise mehrere genannte Bereiche eines Gebäudes (2) in mehreren Stockwerken errichtet werden und dass mindestens eine Abwasserleitung (88) und/oder mindestens eine Abluftleitung (90), die sich im Wesentlichen in Vertikalrichtung über mehrere Module (20) erstreckt, dadurch erstellt wird, dass entweder Leitungsabschnitte, die pro Modul (20) in den Modulen (20) vorhanden sind, gekuppelt werden oder dass eine Mehrmodul-Leitung eingebaut und in den Modulen (20) vorhandene Leitungen abzweigungsmäßig an die Mehrmodul-Leitung angekuppelt werden.
EP07856638A 2007-07-23 2007-12-12 Mehrere module umfassendes gebäude Not-in-force EP2181225B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07856638T PL2181225T3 (pl) 2007-07-23 2007-12-12 Budynek zawierający wiele modułów

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202007010218U DE202007010218U1 (de) 2007-07-23 2007-07-23 Gebäude aus mehreren Modulen
PCT/EP2007/010891 WO2009012801A1 (en) 2007-07-23 2007-12-12 Building comprising a plurality of modules

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2181225A1 EP2181225A1 (de) 2010-05-05
EP2181225B1 true EP2181225B1 (de) 2011-02-16

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CN (1) CN101802319A (de)
AT (1) ATE498745T1 (de)
DE (2) DE202007010218U1 (de)
DK (1) DK2181225T3 (de)
EA (1) EA201070166A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2361374T3 (de)
PL (1) PL2181225T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2009012801A1 (de)

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GB2523678A (en) * 2009-08-14 2015-09-02 Berkeley Group Plc Housing
US9068340B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2015-06-30 Pre-Form Systems LLC Non-bearing modular construction system
AU2013289860A1 (en) * 2012-07-11 2015-02-12 1 Space Pty Ltd Modular buildings
US20140096461A1 (en) 2012-10-08 2014-04-10 Six Continents Hotels, Inc. Hotel rooms
CN102926581B (zh) * 2012-11-09 2014-07-23 马开黎 市场内部设施摆放方法
CN104131711B (zh) * 2013-05-03 2016-12-28 张弘 基于集成模块的建筑物
CN106760636A (zh) * 2017-02-21 2017-05-31 胡生贵 龙凤结构围墙廊房
IT202000020044A1 (it) * 2020-08-12 2022-02-12 Dandrea Maria Elisa Struttura edile modulare per spogliatoi individuali finalizzata a prevenire la diffusione di malattie infettive
WO2023158324A1 (en) * 2022-02-15 2023-08-24 Hotel 101 Worldwide Private Limited (A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary Of Hotel Of Asia, Inc.) Hotel building with unitary hotel room

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DK111431B (da) 1963-08-24 1968-08-19 Arking Is Bygningskonstruktion med et antal rumlige byggeelementer og et af præfabrikerede dele opbygget bærende rumgitter.
FR2465848A3 (fr) 1979-09-25 1981-03-27 Mournaud Patrick Batiment prefabrique, notamment abri de chantier
WO1992006251A1 (en) * 1990-09-27 1992-04-16 Allan Bruce Caulley A modular slab on ground building system
SE9202459L (sv) 1992-08-27 1994-02-28 Istvan Nemet Transportabel, värmeisolerad och färdiginredd bostadsmodul
US6179358B1 (en) 1998-03-03 2001-01-30 Hirayama Setsubi Kabushiki Kaisha Mobile hospital system
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DE20320135U1 (de) 2003-12-30 2004-06-17 Krieger, Volker, Dr. Modulares Labor auf der Basis genormter Container

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WO2009012801A1 (en) 2009-01-29
PL2181225T3 (pl) 2011-07-29
ATE498745T1 (de) 2011-03-15
EP2181225A1 (de) 2010-05-05
DK2181225T3 (da) 2011-06-06
CN101802319A (zh) 2010-08-11
DE602007012597D1 (de) 2011-03-31
ES2361374T3 (es) 2011-06-16
EA201070166A1 (ru) 2010-08-30
DE202007010218U1 (de) 2007-10-25

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