EP2179716B1 - Transport device for patients - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (2) has an endless belt (4) that is looped around an inner board (3). The belt exhibits a reduced friction co-efficient on an inner side of the board, where a cross sectional circumference of the board corresponds to cross sectional circumference of the endless belt. Casings are provided at an end of the board. The casings partially grip the endless belt at a lower side. Handles are provided at the casings. The board is surrounded by a cloth (14), which is coated with Teflon (RTM: PTFE) and silicone. The handles are designed in a star or loop type.

Description

The invention relates to a transport device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

In clinics or in the home care of patients, there is often a need to transport the patient from one place to another, without the patient making his own contribution to locomotion. Such transport takes place, for example, from a first bed to an adjacent second bed.

A transport device for patients is already known which is portable and with which it is possible to also umpetten heavy patients by physically weak persons ( DE 38 06 470 C2 ). In this transport device, an endless belt is wound around a board, wherein the cross-sectional circumference of the board substantially corresponds to the cross-sectional circumference of the endless belt. In this case, the frictional resistance between the endless belt and the board is so small that it can be overcome by an operator pulling on the endless belt when a person is on the endless belt. The superimposed surfaces of the endless belt and the board can consist of polypropylene tape fabric. In addition, a relatively rigid foam mat can be provided as a board. A disadvantage of this transport device is that it is bulky and not foldable.

Furthermore, a transport device for patients is known, which is more portable (International Design DM / 011933). This transport device has on its narrow side handles and is foldable in the middle.

In another known transport device for patients a piece of roller shutter is provided instead of a board ( DE 103 34 270 B3 ). As a result, the transport device can be rolled up.

The invention has for its object to provide a transport device of the generic type, in which two opposite ends are provided with safety devices.

This object is achieved according to the features of claim 1.

The invention thus relates to a transport device for patients who are to be transported with little force from a first location to a second location. For this purpose, a solid board is provided, which may also be elastic, this board is surrounded by an endless belt. This endless band is adapted to the shape of the board and can slide around the board. The outer ends of the board are provided with caps which on the one hand give the board at the ends a high rigidity and on the other hand prevent body fluid from getting into the space between the board and the endless belt.

An advantage achieved by the invention is that by the security devices transport z. B. from a bed to another bed is also possible if there is a gap between the two beds, because the caps provided at the ends are very dimensionally stable. Moreover, since the caps engage under the endless band, body fluid is prevented from leaking from the sides, i. H. Where the caps are, immediately get onto the top of the board or the cloth over the board.

Fig. 1a

einen Patienten auf einer Transportvorrichtung in einer ersten Position;

Fig. 1b

einen Patienten auf einer Transportvorrichtung in einer zweiten Position;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Transportvorrichtung;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Darstellung der in der Fig. 2 gezeigten Transportvorrichtung;

Fig. 4

einen Schnitt A-A durch die in Fig. 2 gezeigte Transportvorrichtung;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf eine Kappe mit Griff;

Fig. 6

einen Längsschnitt durch die Kappe gemäß Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

eine Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Transportvorrichtung im demontierten Zustand:

Fig. 7a

eine elastische Verbindung zwischen zwei Brettern;

Fig. 8

die Variante gemäß Fig. 7 im teilweise montierten Zustand;

Fig. 9

die Variante gemäß Fig. 7 im fertig montierten Zustand.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it:

Fig. 1a

a patient on a transport device in a first position;

Fig. 1b

a patient on a transport device in a second position;

Fig. 2

a plan view of a transport device according to the invention;

Fig. 3

a perspective view of the in the Fig. 2 shown transport device;

Fig. 4

a section AA through the in Fig. 2 shown transport device;

Fig. 5

a perspective view of a cap with handle;

Fig. 6

a longitudinal section through the cap according to Fig. 5 ;

Fig. 7

a variant of the transport device according to the invention in the disassembled state:

Fig. 7a

an elastic connection between two boards;

Fig. 8

the variant according to Fig. 7 in partially assembled condition;

Fig. 9

the variant according to Fig. 7 in the assembled state.

In the Fig. 1a is a patient 1 on a transport device 2 of the generic type - accordingly DE 38 06 470 C2 - Shown, wherein the transport device 2 assumes a first position. The transport device 2 in this case has an inner board 3 and a looped around this board 3 endless belt 4. The weight of the patient is indicated by G. If now the patient 1 or the endless belt 4 is pulled to the right with a force F, the transport device 2 moves to the right by the path z, while the patient 1 moves to the right by the path 2 z. The second position of the transport device 2 the patient 1 is In Fig. 1b shown.

The patient 1 thus moves relative to a fixed base 5 and relative to the transport device 2, wherein the relative movement to the bottom 5 is twice as large as the relative movement to the transport device 2. During these movements, the endless belt 4 slides around the inner board 3. Thus the force F, which is applied for example by a caregiver, is as low as possible, between the endless belt 4 and the board 3 no large frictional forces occur.

wobei µ der Reibungskoeffizient bzw. die Reibungszahl ist. Zwischen der (größeren) Haft- und der (kleineren) Gleitreibung soll hier nicht unterschieden werden. Für die Erfindung wichtig ist die Gleitreibung. Die Gleitreibung wird umso kleiner, je größer die Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen aufeinander liegenden Körpern ist Nachfolgend sind einige Beispiele für Heftungs- und Reibungskoeffizienten angegeben (vgl. Gross/Hauger/Schröder/Wall: Technische Mechanik 1, Statik, 9. Aufl., 2006. S. 252 ). Haftungskoeffizient Reibungskoeffizient Stahl auf Eis 0,03 0.015 Stahl auf Stahl 0,15 ... 0,6 0,1 ... 0,4 Stahl auf Teflon 0,04 0,04 Leder auf Metall 0,4 0,3 Holz auf Holz 0,5 0,3 Autoreifen auf Straße 0,7 ... 0,9 0,5 ... 0,8 Ski auf Schnee 0,1 ... 0,3 0,04... 0,2 With frictionless deflection of the endless belt 4 at the edges of the board 3 (eg by rolling or rolling) then applies $$\mathbf{F}\mathbf{=}\mathbf{ug}\mathbf{.}$$

where μ is the coefficient of friction or the coefficient of friction. Between the (larger) adhesion and the (smaller) sliding friction should not be distinguished here. For the invention, the sliding friction is important. The greater the relative velocity between superimposed bodies, the smaller the sliding friction becomes. The following are some examples of stitching and friction coefficients (see. Gross / Hauger / Schröder / Wall: Engineering Mechanics 1, Statics, 9th ed., 2006. p. 252 ). liability coefficient coefficient of friction Steel on ice 0.03 0015 Steel on steel 0.15 ... 0.6 0.1 ... 0.4 Steel on Teflon 0.04 0.04 Leather on metal 0.4 0.3 Wood on wood 0.5 0.3 Car tires on street 0.7 ... 0.9 0.5 ... 0.8 Ski on snow 0.1 ... 0.3 0.04 ... 0.2

As can be seen from the above table, one achieves a very small coefficient of friction when using Teflon. In addition, there is no difference in this case between static and sliding friction.

Although friction occurs both on the top and on the underside of the board 3, there is no doubling of the friction force, because the force F the path 2 z, the band on the board 3 at each point but only the relative distance travels z, respectively on a stationary ground.

wobei S₀ die Vorspannkraft und µ_s der Reibungskoeffizient an der Umlenkstelle ist.With frictional deflection of the endless belt 4 of the board ends is due to the rope friction laws (Euler Eytelweln formula), the force $$\mathit{F}\mathbf{=}\mathit{ug}+2{\mathit{S}}_{\mathbf{0}}\frac{{\mathit{e}}^{\mathit{\mu S\pi }}-\mathbf{1}}{{\mathit{e}}^{\mathit{\mu S\pi }}+\mathbf{1}}$$

where S _{0 is} the preload force and μ _{s is} the friction coefficient at the deflection point.

Assuming μ = 0.1 and μ _s = 0.1, the tensile force F results $$\mathit{F}=\left(0.1+\frac{2}{20}\frac{e^{\pi /10}-1}{e^{\pi /10}+1}\right)G=0.1{}_{}G\left(1+0.16\right)$$

Due to the friction in the deflection points, the required pulling force increases by approx. 16%. Overcoming the friction at the deflection would also be necessary if the transport device would be moved without a patient. The Euler-Eytelwein formula indicates how different two forces may be, which attack at the ends of a rope looped around a round object so that the rope does not begin to slip.

In the Fig. 2 the transport device 2 is shown in a plan view. One recognizes in this case the endless belt 4 as well as on the sides in each case a cap 6, 7 with a handle 8, 9. The caps 6, 7 are partially covered by the endless belt 4, which is indicated by dashed lines. With 10, 11, 12, 13 are attacks, z. B. screws, which prevent a horizontal displacement of the endless belt 4. The rounding of the endless belt 4 on the long sides is indicated by two parallel lines.

In the Fig. 3 the transport device 2 is shown again in a perspective view, wherein an edge is cut open. At the cut-away point, one recognizes the inner board 3 as well as an optionally provided cloth 14, which is looped around the board 3 and fixedly connected thereto. The endless belt 4 in turn is wrapped around the cloth 14. In Fig. 3 is - to show board 3 and cloth 14 - not shown that the cap 7 actually lies over the cloth 14, ie between cloth 14 and endless belt. 4

A section AA through the transport device 2 according to Fig. 2 is in Fig. 4 shown. One recognizes here the board 3, which is surrounded by the cloth 14. This firmly connected to the board 3 cloth 14 is in turn surrounded by the endless belt 4. Two stops 11 and 13 for the endless belt 4 can be seen at the right and left end of the transport device 2. With 15 and 16 screws are designated which in Fig. 4 not shown caps 6, 7 connect to the board 3. The screws 15, 16 are double screws, in which the thread of a screw is screwed into a threaded bushing of the other screw. Instead of two screws, of course, three or more screws can be provided. It's important, that when the cloth 14 is provided, it must have a very low coefficient of friction on its outside. The same applies to the inside of the endless belt. 4

Fig. 5 shows a cap 6 with a handle 8. The cap 6 has three areas: a lower portion 18 and two upper portions 19, 20. The two upper portions 19, 20 are thereby bridged by the handle 8. In the lower portion 18, two holes 21, 22 can be seen, which serve to receive the screws 15, 16. In the upper area 19, a hole 23 can be seen, which serves for receiving a stop 11, 13.

The cap 6 is slipped over the board 3 with the cloth 14, so that the lower area 18 board 3 and cloth 14 surrounds. The end of board 3 and cloth 14 abuts maximally up to the one wall 24 of the lower portion 18. When the ends of board 3 and cloth 14 are inserted into the cap 6, the lower portion 18 with board 3 and cloth 14 by means of screws, which are plugged through the holes 21, 22 connected. This in Fig. 5 Not shown endless belt 4 extends a maximum only to the lower edge of the wall 24. If no cloth 14 is provided, the cap 6 is placed directly over the end of the board 3.

In Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section through the cap 6 is shown, the handle 8 and the upper portions 19, 20 and the lower portion 18 can be seen. Below the handle 8 is a U-shaped web 25, which serves as a stop for the combination of board 3 and cloth 14 or only for the board 3. As such a stop, the blocks 26, 27, which are provided with holes 28, 29, in which stops 11, 13 can engage.

Fig. 7 shows a variant of a transport device 30, which has two boards 33, 34 instead of a board. The caps 6, 7 with the handles 8, 9 and the endless belt 4 are not yet mounted. The two boards 33, 34 have outer edge regions 40, 41 and inner edge regions 31, 32.

The boards 33, 34, in the Fig. 7 are not provided with a cloth which the cloth 14 according to Fig. 3 corresponds to be at their inner edge areas 31, 32 with an in Fig. 7 not shown connecting element connected together. Then the endless belt 4 is slipped over both boards. The boards 33, 34 may also be provided with a cloth which is firmly connected to them. This cloth essentially serves to reduce the frictional forces.

The Fig. 7a shows a connecting element 38, with which the inner edge portions 31, 32 of the boards 33, 34 are interconnected. This connecting element 38 has two U-shaped parts 46, 47, in which the in Fig. 7a not shown inner edge portions 31, 32 of the boards 33, 34 inserted and with the parts 46, 47, z. B. via screws, are connected. For this purpose, holes 60 to 63 are provided. The direction in which the inner edge region 32 is pushed is designated by X. The two U-shaped parts 46, 47 are connected to each other via an elastic band 37.

Are the two boards 33, 34 superimposed, so aligned parallel to each other, takes the elastic band 37, the z. B. made of rubber, the position 37 ', while the U-shaped part 47, the position 47' occupies. The transport device can now be transported more easily in the folded state.

In the Fig. 7a Some dimensions are shown, but only have exemplary character.

In Fig. 8 is the variant of Fig. 7 shown again in partially assembled state and without connecting element 38. It can be seen here that a single endless belt 4 is pushed over two separate boards 33, 34. Inside the transport device 30 are the edge regions 31, 32 of these boards 33, 34 opposite each other. If the caps 6, 7 are now slipped over the edge regions 40, 41, the inner walls of their lower regions 18 rest on the outer edge regions 40, 41 of the boards 33, 34 or on a cloth placed over them. Both boards 33, 34 are covered by the endless belt 4. Characterized in that the caps 6, 7 are covered about two-thirds of the endless belt 4, prevents body fluids reach the inner region of the transport device or on the inner cloths, which surround the boards 33, 34. The partially lying between the boards 33, 34 and the surrounding with a cloth boards 6, 7 thus exert a protective effect. They are much easier to clean than the towels or the boards or the endless belt. 4

In the Fig. 9 is the finished mounted transport device 30 folded in the middle, so that two legs 44, 45 result, which are opposite to each other. In the fully folded state, the transport device 30 can be transported easier. The folding is done by the in Fig. 7a illustrated device allows.

As the material for the inner board or for the inner boards preferably EPP ( = Expanded Polypropylene ) is used. This material is very light and also flexible. Depending on the size of the transport device results in a total weight of 1.3 to 2.5 kg. The caps 6, 7 at the respective ends of the transport device are preferably made of impact-resistant polyethylene or ABS (= acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) . The endless belt 4, the z. B. may consist of nylon, preferably contains on its outside a silver coating, because silver has antibacterial properties. The silver layer may still be coated with an acrylic layer.

The cloth 14 which rests directly on the board 3 and is fixedly connected thereto preferably consists of polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), optionally with glass fiber or carbon reinforcement. High Density Polypropylene (HDPE) or Low Density Polypropylene (LDPE) can also be used. Between the inside of the endless belt 4 and the top of the board or the top of the cloth surrounding the board, the frictional force must be very small. If no cloth 14 is provided, the board 3 is preferably coated with Teflon or silicone.

At the deflection edges, where an additional friction of z. B. 16% occurs, an additional coating with extremely low friction may be provided, for. As a Teflon coating or a lubricant from nanotechnology (lotus effect). This coating can be done directly on the board or optionally on the cloth 14.

It is understood that z. B. the handles 8, 9 can be configured differently, for. B. as loops.

The term "board" is used in its most general meaning. This may include hollow plastic structures that are inflated. On the cloth 14, which is firmly connected to the board, so not slipping over this, can be omitted if the outside of the board is coated with a layer that has a very small coefficient of friction, for. As Teflon or silicone.

Although the embodiments of the invention have been described above in detail, the invention is not limited to these embodiments. A person skilled in the art will understand that the invention includes various variants with which the same result is achieved as with the exemplary embodiments described here. It is therefore clear to those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein do not limit the scope of the claims, and that there are other variants, modifications and alternatives that fall within the scope of the claims.

1

Patient

2

Transportvorrichtung

3

inneres Brett

4

Endlosband

5

Boden

6

Kappe

7

Kappe

8

Griff

9

Griff

10

Anschlag

11

Anschlag

12

Anschlag

13

Anschlag

14

Tuch

15

Schraube

16

Schraube

17

18

unterer Bereich von 6

19

oberer Bereich von 6

20

oberer Bereich von 6

21

Loch

22

Loch

23

Loch

24

Wand

25

U-förmiger Steg

26

Block

27

Block

28

Bohrung

29

Bohrung

30

Transportvorrichtung

31

innerer Randbereich

32

innerer Randbereich

33

Brett

34

Brett

35

Brett

36

Brett

37

elastisches Band

38

Verbindungselement

39

40

äußerer Randbereich

41

äußerer Randbereich

42

Randbereich

43

Randbereich

44

Schenkel

45

Schenkel

46

U-förmiges Teil

47

U-förmiges Teil

48

49

50

60

Loch

61

Loch

62

Loch

63

Loch

G

Gewicht

F

Kraft

Z

Weg

X

Richtung

reference numeral

1

patient

2

transport device

3

inner board

4

endless belt

5

ground

6

cap

7

cap

8th

Handle

9

Handle

10

attack

11

attack

12

attack

13

attack

14

cloth

15

screw

16

screw

17

18

lower range of 6

19

upper range of 6

20

upper range of 6

21

hole

22

hole

23

hole

24

wall

25

U-shaped bridge

26

block

27

block

28

drilling

29

drilling

30

transport device

31

inner border area

32

inner border area

33

board

34

board

35

board

36

board

37

elastic band

38

connecting element

39

40

outer edge area

41

outer edge area

42

border area

43

border area

44

leg

45

leg

46

U-shaped part

47

U-shaped part

48

49

50

60

hole

61

hole

62

hole

63

hole

G

Weight

F

force

Z

path

X

direction

Claims (17)

1. Transporting device (2) for patients (1), with
   an endless band (4) which is wrapped about a board (3) and has at least on its inside a low coefficient of friction,
   wherein the cross sectional circumference of the board (3) corresponds substantially to the cross sectional circumference of the endless band (4),
   characterized in that at the ends of the board (3) caps (6, 7) are provided which partially extend under the endless band (4).
2. Transporting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the board (3) is comprised of a very light-weight and resiliently flexibly material and is encompassed by a sheet (14), which at least on its outside has a very low coefficient of friction and is fixedly connected with the board (3).
3. Transporting device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the very light-weight and resiliently flexible material is expanded polypropylene (EPP, Expanded Polypropylene).
4. Transporting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the caps (6, 7) are placed over ends of the board (3).
5. Transporting device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the caps (6, 7) are placed over the sheet (14).
6. Transporting device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that on the caps (6, 7) handholds (8, 9) are provided.
7. Transporting device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the handholds (8, 9) are rigid and formed in the shape of a U.
8. Transporting device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the handholds are loops.
9. Transporting device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the caps (6, 7) are connected with the board (3) by means of bolts (15, 16), wherein the bolts (15, 16) penetrate through the entire board (3) and, if applicable, through the sheet (14).
10. Transporting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it is foldable at the center.
11. Transporting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the caps (6, 7) have two halves (19, 20), which are bridged by a handhold bridge (8).
12. Transporting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the caps (6, 7) are comprised of impact resistant polyethylene.
13. Transporting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the caps (6, 7) are comprised of ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene).
14. Transporting device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the outside of the sheet (14) is coated with Teflon or silicon.
15. Transporting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the endless band (4) includes at least on its outside silver.
16. Transporting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the board is comprised of two parts (33, 34) which are connected with one another via a connection element (38).
17. Transporting device as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that the connection element (38) includes two U-shaped parts (46, 47) and an elastic band (37).

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