EP2179240A1 - Dispositif passif a micro boucle fluide a pompage capillaire - Google Patents
Dispositif passif a micro boucle fluide a pompage capillaireInfo
- Publication number
- EP2179240A1 EP2179240A1 EP08826899A EP08826899A EP2179240A1 EP 2179240 A1 EP2179240 A1 EP 2179240A1 EP 08826899 A EP08826899 A EP 08826899A EP 08826899 A EP08826899 A EP 08826899A EP 2179240 A1 EP2179240 A1 EP 2179240A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- evaporator
- condenser
- microporous mass
- sleeve
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
- F28D15/043—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure forming loops, e.g. capillary pumped loops
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for the thermal regulation of at least one capillary-pumping fluid micro loop for improving the performance of the micro-loop (s) that such a device comprises.
- These purely passive thermal regulation devices comprise at least one thermal transfer loop for circulating a heat transfer fluid by capillary pumping used for cooling hot sources, such as components or sets of electronic components (circuits).
- a heat transfer loop includes an evaporator for extracting heat from a hot source, and a condenser for returning the heat to a cold source.
- the evaporator and the condenser are connected by piping, in which circulates a heat transfer fluid in the liquid state in the cold part of the loop, and in the gaseous state in the hot part of this loop.
- the device of the invention relates more particularly to fluid loops, the pumping of the coolant is provided by capillarity (capillary loop).
- the evaporator is associated with a fluid reserve in the liquid state, and comprises a microporous mass (also called wick) ensuring the pumping of the fluid by capillarity.
- the fluid in the liquid phase present in the reserve associated with one evaporator evaporates in the microporous mass under the effect of heat from the hot source.
- the gas thus created is discharged to the condenser, in heat exchange contact with the cold source and where it condenses and returns to the liquid phase towards the evaporator, thereby to create a heat transfer cycle.
- the object of the present invention relates to passive capillary pumping micro-loop thermal control devices for cooling hot sources such as electronic components and / or circuits.
- components or electronic circuits are characterized by a reduced size (thickness 1 to 2 mm, surface 10 to 100 mm 2 , for example), and high power densities to be evacuated (more than 50 W / cm 2 , for example).
- the temperature variation between the junction of the component or electronic circuit and the housing of said component or circuit is very large (in a factor of 2 to 3) in front of the temperature variation of the component or circuit package and the temperature of a sole of a card where the component or circuit is implanted.
- a capillary pumping heat transfer loop to the size of the component or circuit, called a micro-loop, advantageously reduces the temperature difference between the junction of the component or circuit and the sole of the card where it is implanted, and thus increase the reliability of the component or circuit, by increasing the power dissipated by this component or circuit.
- Such a micro-loop capillary pumping is characterized in that its dimensions are reduced (typical thickness * 1 to 2 min, typical surface 10 to 100 mm 2 ), to allow its installation closer, see the inside, component or circuit.
- One of the limitations of heat transfer loops in operation is the amount, more or less important, of thermal energy that is transferred to the liquid pool, through the evaporator.
- a first effect of this parasitic phenomenon is to heat the liquid circulating in the loop or contained in the reserve 1 'evaporator.
- a second parasitic effect is to reduce the thermal performance of the transfer loop, which is very sensitive to the temperature of this liquid. Indeed, such a transfer loop carries the quasi-totality of the energy by phase change of the heat transfer fluid, and requires, in order to operate, a few frigories to maintain in the liquid state the fluid flowing from the condenser to the evaporator. Heating, even partial, of this liquid by any bias therefore significantly degrades the heat transfer performance of the loop, eventually leading to its total shutdown.
- the invention provides a fluid loop device very simple to achieve and limiting these spurious effects while improving the thermal performance of this type of loop.
- the device according to the invention is also advantageous for fluid loops of larger size and heat transfer capacity.
- the passive thermal regulation device comprising at least one heat transfer loop with capillary pumping of a calopower fluid, said loop comprising an evaporator comprising a microporous mass, and a condenser, intended to be exchange relationship thermal circuit with respectively a hot source and a cold source, and a pipe connecting the evaporator to the condenser and transporting the heat-transfer fluid essentially in the vapor phase from the evaporator to the condenser and essentially in the liquid phase from the condenser to the evaporator, the piping comprising an outer tube closed on itself by forming a continuous loop, and housing the microporous mass of substantially elongate and cylindrical shape, which ensures the circulation of coolant in the liquid phase by capillary pumping, is characterized in that the liquid phase of the fluid from the condenser is pumped at a first longitudinal end of said microporous mass of the evaporator, and the vapor phase of the fluid is evacuated by
- said first portion of the microporous mass penetrates into said insulating sleeve over a distance of one to several times the diameter of the outer tube, when the latter is cylindrical of circular section, and more generally over a distance of at least once the largest dimension of the cross section of the outer tube, in other cases.
- said microporous mass is constituted of a single piece.
- the sleeve is made of a synthetic plastic material, so as to protect the first longitudinal portion of microporous mass of
- the evaporator of parasitic thermal flows from the hot source, and propagating in the second longitudinal microporous mass part of the evaporator and in the portion of the outer tube at the level of
- the second portion of microporous mass is hollowed out of a central and longitudinal blind duct collecting the vapor phase of said heated fluid in said second microporous mass portion, and s Opening in said second longitudinal end of the microporous mass, towards the outside of said mass and in the outer tube, towards the condenser to which the vapor phase is evacuated.
- said central duct flares from the inside of said microporous mass towards its second longitudinal end, so that the flow of vapor collected in the central duct is greater than the cross section of this duct.
- central is large, because of a greater proximity of the hot spring.
- the inner face of the end portion of said sleeve which is in contact with said first microporous mass portion comprises, over its entire length and on at least a portion of its thickness, at least one capillary drain allowing said liquid phase fluid from the condenser to wet said first portion of microporous mass in contact with said sleeve.
- said at least one capillary drain of the end portion of the sleeve in contact with the first microporous mass portion consists of at least one substantially longitudinal groove dug in the inner face of the sleeve and causing the liquid in contact with the microporous mass.
- grooves are hollowed substantially longitudinally throughout the periphery of the inner surface of the sleeve, and their cross-sectional shape with an opening constricted in said inner surface of the sleeve is favorable to the capillary pumping of the coolant.
- said at least one capillary drain of the end portion of the sleeve in contact with the first microporous mass portion consists of another microporous mass, the pores of which are larger, preferably of a radius two to ten times larger than those of said microporous mass of one evaporator.
- said other microporous mass may be annular and completely surround said first longitudinal portion of microporous mass of the evaporator located in the sleeve.
- the sleeve can extend to the condenser.
- said at least one capillary drain extends from the condenser to the evaporator.
- another microporous mass is positioned at the corresponding end of the sleeve, so as to separate the vapor phase from the liquid phase and to pump the liquid phase to the evaporator
- the microporous mass of the evaporator has a length which is 2 to 15 times greater than its diameter.
- the outer tube is advantageous for the outer tube to be made of a material that is a good conductor of heat, at least in part of a tube in heat exchange relation with, on the one hand, the evaporator or the constituent, and on the other hand, said microporous mass of the evaporator, and in another tube portion in heat exchange relation with said condenser or the constituent.
- said outer tube is metallic, preferably stainless steel.
- the outer tube is advantageously cylindrical with a circular section of constant diameter
- FIG. 1 shows schematically, in longitudinal section, a micro loop as a whole
- - Figure 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the microporous mass evaporator (or wick) of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a cross section at the wick, according to IIT-TTT of Figure 2;
- FIG. 4 is a cross-section at the level of the outer tube, between evaporator and condenser, according to IV-IV of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 2, for the condenser of the micro-loop of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view at the condenser of the micro-loop of FIG. VI-VI of Figure 5.
- FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment of the passive thermal regulation device of the invention is illustrated in Figure 1, showing the assembly of a micro-loop 1 in longitudinal section, Figures 2 and 5 showing a longitudinal section of the zones of the loop. respectively covering the evaporator 2 and the condenser 3 and Figs. 3 and 6 showing a cross-section of the evaporator 2 and the condenser 3 respectively, while Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of the loop 1 at the fluid in the vapor phase between the evaporator 2 and the condenser 3. All the numerical values and technical characteristics relating to the materials and fluids given below are only indicative. These indications are compatible an industrial embodiment of the invention with the current means of the art.
- the capillary pumping fluid micro-loop device 1 comprises an outer tube 6 with walls made of a good heat-conducting material, advantageously metallic, for example made of stainless steel, which is a tube, for example a cylindrical section tube. circular cross-section, with a constant outer diameter of 2 mm, and a constant wall thickness of 0.2 mm.
- This tube 6 is closed on itself in a continuous loop to form a closed circuit, in which circulates a coolant, which may be typically ammonia, water, or any other two-phase fluid.
- a tube 7 filling the micro-loop 1 and connecting to the main tube 6 is shown in Figure 1.
- the tube 7 is of the same nature as the tube 6, and is connected perpendicular to a straight portion of the tube 6, between 1 evaporator 2 and the condenser 3, in an area where no member is present in the tube 6.
- a microporous mass or wick 8 of cylindrical overall shape of circular section, is positioned at inside a rectilinear section of the tube 6.
- a thermally insulating, cylindrical sleeve 9 of circular cross-section, made of a so-called plastic synthetic material extends in substantially half of the outer tube 6, which extends between the evaporator 2 and the condenser 3, and in which does not open the filling tube 7.
- the inner and outer diameters of the sleeve 9 are constant, and the outer face of the sleeve 9 is in contact with the inner face of the outer tube 6.
- the wick 8 comprises a first longitudinal portion 8a of microporous mass, which is cylindrical in shape of circular section and engaged without radial clearance in the end portion 9a of the sleeve 9 adjacent to the evaporator 2, and a second longitudinal portion 8b of microporous mass, also of cylindrical shape of circular section, in the axial extension of the first part 8a, but outside the sleeve 9, and in contact without radial play by its external lateral face against the inner face of the outer tube 6, which ensures the seal between the vapor and liquid phases.
- the wick 8 extends axially from a first longitudinal end face 8c, terminating the first wick portion 8a 8 inside the sleeve 9, to a second longitudinal end face 8d, terminating the second portion 8b of wick 8 inside the outer tube 6, over a length that corresponds to about 2 to 15 times the diameter of its longitudinal portion of larger diameter, that is to say the second portion 8b, a length of about 4mm to about 24mm for example.
- the first portion 8a of microporous mass penetrates into the sleeve 9 over a distance of approximately one to several times the diameter of the outer tube 6, ie at least of the order of 2 mm, but preferably of a higher value, which can reach of the order of 10 mm when the total length of the wick 8 is of the order of 24 mm.
- the outer diameter of the second portion 8b of the microporous mass is 1.6 mm.
- the microporous mass 8 can be of a single monolithic block of the same constitution, that is to say whose porosity characteristics are homogeneous in the parts 8a and 8b, for example with pores whose diameter or the main dimension is of the order of 1 to 10 microns.
- the pores may be of an optionally variable size, for example ranging from large pores in the first portion 8a of the wick 8, to promote the capillary pumping of the liquid and its insulation with respect to flow thermal parasites from a hot souxce 4 and the second portion 8b wick in heat exchange relationship with the hot source 4, to small pores in said second part
- the two parts 8a and 8b of the microporous mass may be separate and contiguous axially to one another so as to allow capillary liquid fluid supply of the second portion 8b by the first 8a.
- the evaporator 2 may also comprise a cylindrical outer sleeve (not shown), also of circular section, which is traversed axially and without substantial radial clearance by the portion of the outer tube 6, which surrounds the microporous mass 8, this outer sleeve being made of a material that is a good conductor of heat, of metal piezo, and possibly of the same nature as the outer tube 6, that is to say of stainless steel, the length of this outer sleeve, according to its axis, which is also that of this section of the tube 6 and the microporeusc mass 8 (because these three elements are substantially coaxial in this variant) may be about half the length of the mass 8.
- this outer sleeve when it is present, is in good heat exchange relationship with the outer tube 6, which is still in good exchange relation thermal with the second portion 8b of the microporous mass 8, over the entire external lateral surface of this second portion 8b, in which is formed a central duct 10, longitudinal and blind, conical, circular section, which is flared the axial end of the second portion 8b which is adjacent to the first portion 8a, to the second end face 8d in which the duct 10 opens vexs outside the wick 8, in the outer tube 6 in the direction condenser 3.
- This central duct 10 collects the vapor phase of the heated and vaporized fluid in the second portion 8b of microporous mass, which is supplied with liquid fluid by capillary pumping by the first portion 8a of microporous mass, in contact with the first end face 8c with the fluid in the liquid phase present in the insulating sleeve 9 and circulating, because of this capillary pumping, from the condenser 3 to the evaporator 2.
- the evaporator 2 may be placed in heat exchange relation with a hot source 4, schematized in dashed lines in FIG. 1 by a xectangular body, which may be a circuit or an electronic component to be cooled, and against which the outer tube portion 6 of the evaporator 2, surrounding the microporous mass 8, and mainly its second portion 8b, is in contact promoting heat transfer by conduction of the hot source 4 to this portion of the outer tube 6, itself in good heat exchange relation, as already mentioned above, with the microporous mass 8, because of the coaxial assembly without radial play of this mass 8 by its second part 8b, in this tube section 6 of the evaporator 2 .
- the steam flow rate is greater the greater the diameter of the cross section of this duct 10, due to greater proximity of the hot source 4, and the flow of steam out of the wick 8 and to the condenser 3 is improved.
- the first end face 8c of the microporous mass 8 is maintained sufficiently far from the second portion 8b in heat exchange relation with the hot source 4, so that the end face 8c is protected from parasitic thermal fluxes from the hot source 4 by the outer tube 6 and the second part 8b of microporous mass.
- the liquid phase, which reaches the end 8c of the wick 8, is thus kept away from the hot part 8b where the steam is formed, by the first wick part 8a, and the hot source 4 and the tube 6 by the insulating sleeve 9.
- the second microporous mass portion 8b is assembled to the internal cylindrical wall of the tube 6 of the evaporator 2 by any means which ensures the best contact thermal possible, for example by gluing, sintering any other way.
- the micro-loop 1 also comprises the condenser 3 located, in this example, at a xectilinear section the outer tube 6 which is opposite to the rectilinear section of tube 6 of the evaporator 2, in the loop formed by the outer tube 6 and relative to the center of this loop.
- the condenser 3 may alternatively comprise a cylindrical outer sleeve, not shown, made of a good heat-conducting material, preferably a metal material, which is in good thermal exchange contact with the external tube 6 which passes therethrough, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, with a cold source 5, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 by a dotted rectangle, and which may be a heat sink, for example a metal element a supporting structure.
- the outer sleeve of the condenser 3 may optionally comprise a soleplate (not shown) promoting the heat exchange contact with the cold source 5, and, as in the evaporator 2, in the absence of a sleeve.
- external conductor of the condenser 3 the thermal contact between the condenser 3 and the cold source 5 is provided by the outer tube portion 6 of the condenser 3, so as to cause, in this portion of the tube 6, the condensation of the evacuated vapor phase the central duct 10 of the wick 8 of the evaporator 2 and circulating in the steam duct 11 delimited in substantially half of the outer tube 6 extending between the evaporator 2 and the condenser 3 on the side of the filling tube 7.
- the condensed liquid in the condenser 3 flows in the liquid line 12 delimited in the insulating sleeve 9 extending in substantially the other half of the outer tube 6, as already explained above.
- This other microporous mass 13 (shown in dashed lines in FIG.
- This mass 13 comprises a first circular disk-shaped portion 14 extending over the entire cross section of the outer tube 6, and axially applied against the corresponding end 9b of the sleeve 9 insulation, and radially in contact with the inner face of the tube 6, and a second portion shaped cylindrical trunk 15, fitted without radial play in the part end 9b of the sleeve 9, in order to pump the condensed liquid by capillary action and to transmit it into the liquid line 12.
- the evaporator 2 collects heat generated by the hot source 4, and which is transmitted, by conduction, to the section of the outer tube 6 in contact with the second part 8b of the microporous mass 8.
- This part 8b of microporcusc mass thus heated by the outer tube section 6 surrounding it, heats fluid-phase IP from the pipe 12 and which has been sucked and pumped by capillary action by the first microporous mass portion 6a, long enough axially to thermally insulate the liquid in the pipe 12, which can thus contain a liquid reserve near the wick 8.
- the axial end face 8c of the wick 8 where the liquid phase arrives is also remote from the second portion 8b of this wick 8 which is in heat exchange with the hot source 4.
- the first longitudinal portion 8a of the microporous mass 8 moves the liquid away from the second hot portion 8b where the vaporization occurs.
- the fluid in the liquid phase pumped into the microporous mass 8 is vaporized in the second longitudinal portion 8b and the vapor is collected in the central conduit 10 of the mass 8, from which the vapor phase fluid is evacuated towards the steam pipe 11, which guides the fluid in the vapor phase to the condenser 3, where the vapor of this fluid condenses, and the liquid condensates are pumped by the microporous mass 13 and guided by the liquid line 12 from the condenser 3 to 1 ' evaporator 2, to ensure the supply of fluid in the liquid phase of the microporous mass 8, its end face 8c and its first longitudinal portion 8a, as already mentioned above.
- the latent heat of condensation is transferred by the condenser 3 to the cold source 5 through the outer tube 6.
- the fluid in the liquid phase moves according to the arrows 20 of FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 in the liquid line 12, from the condenser 3 to the microporous mass 8 of the evaporator 2, while the steam generated by the evaporator 2 during operation of the loop is recovered in the central conduit 10 of the mass 8, in the second longitudinal portion 8b of the latter, and discharged into the steam pipe 11, in which the fluid in the vapor phase moves according to the arrows 21 of FIGS.
- the evaporator 2 from the evaporator 2 to the condenser 3, where this pipe 11 is in communication with the pipe 12 for returning the fluid in the liquid phase to the evaporator 2 via the microporous mass 13, which may be a monolithic mass, or consists of two distinct parts 14 and Ib but longitudinally joined against each other.
- the liquid phase fluid reserve contained in the pipe 12, inside the insulating sleeve 9, is sufficiently far from the hot source 4, despite the reduced size of the evaporator 2, louse minimize the flow of parasitic thermal energy to this reserve of liquid, which improves the thermal performance of the device.
- outer tube 6 alternatively, may be made of a thermally conductive material only at the two sections of the outer tube 6 which, for one, surrounds the microporous mass 8 and, for the other, constitutes by itself the envelope of the condenser 3.
- capillary drains 17 are formed in the internal face of the insulating sleeve 9, at least along the length of the end portion 9a of the sleeve 9 (see FIG. 2), and preferably, as shown in FIG. 1, these drains 17 extend from the condensers 3 to the evaporator 2, over the entire length of the sleeve 9.
- the capillary drains 17 are formed by grooves 16 hollowed out in the internal face of the insulating sleeve 9, at least at the end portion 9a of the sleeve 9, in which the first portion 8a of microporous mass is slotted, so as to bring liquid deep around said portion 8a.
- a large number of grooves 16 may be formed in the entire internal radial periphery of the insulating sleeve 9, in order to optimize the pumping rate of the fluid from the condenser 3 to the evaporator 2 (see the upper half-sections of the figures 2, 3, 5 and 6).
- capillary drains 17 in the form of grooves 16 of small cross sections, in this example in the form of drops, which are tightened at their opening in the inner face of the sleeve 9 (see the upper half-sections of Figures 3 and 6) , therefore of favorable section for the capillary pumping of the liquid used in the loop, are advantageously extended over the entire length of the sleeve 9 to the level of the condenser 3, in the end 9b of the sleeve 9.
- these grooves 16 which can be longitudinal (parallel to the axis of the sleeve 9) or helical, do not sink deeper than the inner radial half of the thickness of the wall of the sleeve 9, to maintain good thermal insulation between the vapor phases and liquid of the fluid.
- the capillary drains 17 may consist of grooves 16 filled with a microporous material, the porosity of which is substantially equal to or preferably greater than that of the mass. microporous 13 of the condenser, itself of greater porosity than that of the wick 8 of the evaporator 2.
- the groove-shaped capillary drains 17 may be replaced, at least at the end portion 9a of the sleeve 9, by still another microporous mass 18, preferably annular, surrounded by the insulating sleeve 9 of reduced thickness at this level, and surrounding itself the first portion 8a of the microporous mass 8, this other microporous mass 18 may have a constitution different from the microporous mass 8 of the evaporator 2, and in particular of its second portion 8b, for example having pores with a mean diameter which is significantly greater, typically by a factor of 2 to 10, than the average pore diameter of the mass micx ⁇ oporeu.se 8.
- the end portion 9b of the sleeve 9 also surrounds the microporous mass 18 forming a capillary drain, which itself surrounds the portion 15 of the microporous mass 13, so that capillary drain guides the condensed liquid deep from the inside of the mass 13 by capillarity.
- such a device finds an advantageous application to the transfer of thermal energy from a hot source 4 with a high thermal power density but of dimension, such as an electronic component or circuit, placed in heat exchange relationship with the evaporator 2 of the device of the invention, a cold source 5 placed in heat exchange relationship with the condenser 3 of said device.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0705770A FR2919923B1 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2007-08-08 | Dispositif passif a micro boucle fluide a pompage capillaire |
PCT/FR2008/051313 WO2009019377A1 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-11 | Dispositif passif a micro boucle fluide a pompage capillaire |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2179240A1 true EP2179240A1 (fr) | 2010-04-28 |
EP2179240B1 EP2179240B1 (fr) | 2011-05-18 |
Family
ID=39030901
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08826899A Not-in-force EP2179240B1 (fr) | 2007-08-08 | 2008-07-11 | Dispositif passif a micro boucle fluide a pompage capillaire |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8584740B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2179240B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE510178T1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2366338T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2919923B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009019377A1 (fr) |
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CN101762194B (zh) * | 2008-12-24 | 2012-09-19 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 蒸发器及应用该蒸发器的回路式热管 |
TWI366656B (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2012-06-21 | Young Green Energy Co | Loop heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-08-08 FR FR0705770A patent/FR2919923B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-07-11 AT AT08826899T patent/ATE510178T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-07-11 ES ES08826899T patent/ES2366338T3/es active Active
- 2008-07-11 WO PCT/FR2008/051313 patent/WO2009019377A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2008-07-11 EP EP08826899A patent/EP2179240B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-07-11 US US12/672,659 patent/US8584740B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009019377A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10694969B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2020-06-30 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Dry skin conductance electrode |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2919923A1 (fr) | 2009-02-13 |
WO2009019377A1 (fr) | 2009-02-12 |
EP2179240B1 (fr) | 2011-05-18 |
US20110192575A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
FR2919923B1 (fr) | 2009-10-30 |
ES2366338T3 (es) | 2011-10-19 |
US8584740B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 |
ATE510178T1 (de) | 2011-06-15 |
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