EP2177356B1 - Compensation d'erreurs dans un système d'imagerie - Google Patents

Compensation d'erreurs dans un système d'imagerie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2177356B1
EP2177356B1 EP09172268A EP09172268A EP2177356B1 EP 2177356 B1 EP2177356 B1 EP 2177356B1 EP 09172268 A EP09172268 A EP 09172268A EP 09172268 A EP09172268 A EP 09172268A EP 2177356 B1 EP2177356 B1 EP 2177356B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spindle
function
correcting
imaging
advancing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09172268A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2177356A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen Ratjen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Original Assignee
Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG filed Critical Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Publication of EP2177356A1 publication Critical patent/EP2177356A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2177356B1 publication Critical patent/EP2177356B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
    • B41C1/1083—Mechanical aspects of off-press plate preparation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
    • B41C1/1075—Mechanical aspects of on-press plate preparation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic reproduction technology and relates to a method and apparatus for imaging of printing forms, wherein imaging elements are mounted on a support and are driven by means of a feed screw in a feed direction.
  • the feed spindle is driven by a spindle motor and the printing plates are imaged by the imaging elements as a function of supplied image data.
  • a drive electronics for driving the spindle motor by means of control signals is further provided device-wise.
  • print templates are created for printed pages containing all the elements to be printed, such as text, graphics and images.
  • a separate print template is created for each ink, containing all the elements printed in each color.
  • these are the inks cyan, magenta, yellow and black (CMYK).
  • CMLK magenta, yellow and black
  • the printed originals separated by printing inks are also called color separations.
  • the artwork is usually rasterized and exposed to film with a setter, which then produces printing plates for high-volume printing.
  • the print templates can be exposed directly on printing plates in special exposure devices or they are transferred directly as digital data to a digital printing press. There, the print data are then exposed to printing plates, for example, with an integrated into the printing unit exposure unit before immediately after the pad printing begins.
  • the artwork is electronically reproduced. Images are scanned in a color scanner and stored in the form of digital data or are available in digital form. Texts are created with word processing programs and graphics with drawing programs. With a layout program, the image, text and graphic elements become one Printed page compiled. After separation into the printing inks, the artworks are then in digital form.
  • the page description languages Postscript and PDF Portable Document Format
  • the postscript or PDF data are converted before the recording of the print templates in a raster image processor (RIP) in a first step in color separation values for the color separations CMYK. This results in four color separation values for each pixel as tone values in the value range from 0 to 100%.
  • the color separation values are a measure of the color densities with which the four printing colors cyan, magenta, yellow and black are printed on the substrate. In special cases where more than four colors are printed (spot colors), each pixel is described by as many color separation values as there are inks.
  • the color separation values can be stored as data values with 8 bits per pixel and printing color, whereby the value range from 0% to 100% is subdivided into 256 tone value levels.
  • the data of several printed pages are combined with the data of further elements, such as registration marks, crop marks and folding marks as well as print control fields, to print templates for a printed sheet.
  • This print sheet data is also provided as color separation values (CMYK).
  • Different tonal values of a color separation to be reproduced can only be reproduced in the print by a surface modulation of the applied printing inks, ie by screening.
  • the area modulation of the printing inks can be carried out, for example, by a method for dot-screening in which the different tone levels of the color separation data are converted into screen dots of different sizes, which are arranged in a regular grid with periodically repeating grid cells.
  • a raster cell for a typical 60 raster comprises a square with 1/60 cm edge length, ie a raster cell has the dimensions 166 ⁇ m x 166 ⁇ m.
  • the halftone dots in the individual halftone cells are composed of exposure points which are an order of magnitude smaller than the halftone dots.
  • a typical resolution of the exposure points is, for example, 1000 Exposure points per centimeter, ie an exposure point has the dimensions 10 .mu.m.times.10 .mu.m.
  • the conversion of the color separation values into halftone dots takes place in a second step in the further processing of the color separation data in the raster image processor, whereby the color separation data are converted into high-resolution binary values with only two brightness values (exposed or unexposed), which are the pattern of the modulated dot matrix form.
  • the artwork data of each color separation is described in the form of a high-resolution raster bit map containing one bit for each of the exposure points on the print area, indicating whether or not that exposure point is to be exposed.
  • an exposure beam is generated, for example, a laser beam with a laser diode laser beam formed by optical means and focused on the recording material and a spot and line over the recording material by means of a deflection system distracted.
  • recording devices that generate a bundle of laser beams to increase the exposure speed, e.g. with a separate laser light source for each laser beam, and with each sweep of the recording material simultaneously exposing several recording lines of the printing plate.
  • the printing plates can be exposed to film material, so that so-called color separation films are formed, which subsequently serve by means of a photographic Umkopiervons for the production of printing plates.
  • the printing plates themselves can be exposed in a platesetter or directly in a digital printing machine in which a unit for plate exposure is integrated.
  • the recording material may be on a flat surface (flatbed imagesetter), in a cylindrical well (internal drum imagesetter) or on a drum (external drum imagesetter).
  • Flatbed imagesetters operate predominantly with a fast rotating polygon mirror whose mirror surfaces direct the laser beam across the recording material while simultaneously moving the recording material perpendicular to the deflection direction of the laser beam. In this way, recording line for recording line is exposed. As the movement of the laser beam over the Recording material changes the length of the light path, a complex imaging optics is required, which compensates for the consequent changes in size of the exposure point.
  • the material to be exposed is mounted on the inner surface of a partially open hollow cylinder and exposed to a laser beam directed along the cylinder axis onto a deflector which reflects the laser beam perpendicular to the material.
  • the deflector a prism or a mirror, rotates at high speed during operation and is thereby moved in the direction of the cylinder axis, so that the deflected laser beam describes circular or helical recording lines on the material.
  • the material to be exposed is mounted in the form of films or printing plates on a rotatably mounted drum.
  • an exposure head is moved axially along the drum at a relatively short distance.
  • the exposure head is moved in the feed direction by means of a feed screw with which it is positively connected and which is set in rotational motion by means of a feed drive.
  • the exposure head focuses one or more laser beams onto the drum surface which sweep the drum surface in the form of helical lines. In this way, one or more recording lines are exposed to the recording material every drum revolution.
  • external drum imagesetters preferably employ one or more exposure heads, each of which images a bundle of N laser beams by means of an exposure optics as a linear array of exposure points oriented in the axial direction of the exposure drum on the surface of the recording material ,
  • the exposure heads are disposed on an exposure head carrier connected to the feed spindle so that all the exposure heads are moved together in the feed direction along the exposure drum by the rotational movement of the feed spindle.
  • the exposure heads are at a distance in the axial direction of the exposure drum which is a fraction of the axial drum length, for example three thirds of the axial drum length for three exposure heads.
  • the exposure head carrier then only needs to be moved by means of the feed spindle over a distance which corresponds to the distance of the exposure heads.
  • Each exposure head then exposes only one recording tape of the artwork.
  • the recording time for the artwork is correspondingly short.
  • N 64, for example, but may be any other number.
  • the feeding speed of the exposure heads is set to have moved, after one revolution of the drum, a distance in the axial direction of the drum, which corresponds to the width of the N recording lines.
  • the N recording lines to be exposed in the next drum revolution immediately follow the N recording lines exposed in the previous drum revolution.
  • the laser beams are not imaged as N exposure points spaced one record line at a time, but at a larger pitch corresponding to a multiple P of the width of a record line.
  • N and P successive drum rotations gradually fill the gaps between the first exposed recording lines with further recording lines.
  • the spacing of the recording lines is 10 ⁇ m. This distance must always be maintained with a high degree of precision. In particular, the next N recording lines must connect to the previously exposed recording lines without gaps after one drum revolution. When exposing to multiple exposure heads, this distance must also be maintained between the last recording line of an exposure head and the first recording line of the adjacent exposure head, ie where the recording bands exposed by the individual exposure heads adjoin one another. If the line spacing is not maintained exactly, there will be disturbing patterns in the recorded artwork for which the eye is particularly sensitive. This means that the feed distance of the exposure heads per drum revolution regardless of interference z. B. must always be substantially constant due to the spindle geometry. In particular, the required accuracy for the feed path for exposure of a recording tape is ⁇ 1 ⁇ m.
  • a stepping motor is used as the drive for the feed screw, and the feed distance is set by the number of stepping motor clocks which the stepping motor receives from a driving electronic during a certain number of drum rotations.
  • An imaging error due to the exposure heads mounted on a support may then occur due to a positioning error caused by a relative spindle pitch error.
  • the carrier for the exposure heads is coupled to the spindle and is moved by the rotation of the spindle in the feed direction.
  • the actual position of the carrier, ie the exposure heads, then depends on the respective local spindle pitch of the spindle.
  • the local spindle pitch is not always identical to a predetermined nominal slope, but generally has a different slope, which causes the carrier when it passes over a desired position of the spindle moves accordingly slower or faster.
  • an angle rotary encoder is provided, which is arranged on the forme cylinder to specify the exact angle of the forme cylinder.
  • a table value is stored in a table, at which position the exposure head carrier is actually located as a function of the rotation angle and the feed direction of the spindle.
  • These stored table values are retrieved as a function of the signals from the angle encoder and converted by means of a counter into feed signals for the drive device of the feed spindle. It is a relative one complex process, which requires a precise coordination between spindle drive and exposure drum including recording all positions of the exposure heads relative to the position of the feed screw and the exposure drum.
  • a control electronics which comprises a correction element which adds a correction signal to compensate for a spindle pitch error to the drive signals of the spindle motor, wherein the correction signal is predetermined in the form of a spline function.
  • the correction element has further assigned a storage means in which characteristics of the correction function, ie the sinusoidal function are stored and whereby the correction signal is added to the control signal on the basis of these parameters by the correction element.
  • the correction element is further assigned a storage means which has a support value table, wherein the support value table contains support values of the correction signal and the Correction element cyclically addressed the support value table during a Beuralungsvonsn and added the correction data obtained in this way to the drive signal of the control electronics for driving the spindle motor.
  • the sinusoidal function should have a frequency which corresponds to the nominal spindle pitch.
  • the spline function can be formed by a sine function with the frequency of the spindle pitch and a constant amplitude.
  • the spindle pitch error which occurs by deviation of the actual spindle pitch of the target spindle pitch, easily compensated but at least reduced become.
  • the sine function has a constant phase relationship to the rotational movement of the feed screw.
  • the local spindle pitch error can be easily compensated for each time the feed spindle is actuated.
  • a first printing form or a first region of a printing form is imaged in a first imaging method, wherein for this imaging of the feed function of the spindle motor a correction function with fixed amplitude, fixed frequency and predetermined first phase position is superimposed on the rotation of the feed screw and at least one second printing form or a second region of a printing plate is imaged and for this imaging of the feed function of the spindle motor, the same correction function with the same fixed amplitude, the same fixed frequency and a predetermined second phase position, is superimposed on the rotation of the feed screw, wherein the imaging results are then assessed visually, and from this assessment, a preferred phase position is determined , which corresponds to a visually preferred result.
  • the predetermined frequency and the fixed amplitude are then stored as characteristics of the correction function and in a storage means which is associated with the drive electronics of the spindle motor and are then used for subsequent exposures of printing plates to determine a correction function based on the stored parameters for driving used by the spindle motor.
  • amplitudes and / or different frequencies can be predefined, visually assessed and finally preferred amplitudes and frequencies can be determined for different areas of a printing form or different printing forms in the first and second imaging methods.
  • the frequency can be set constant as the frequency of the spindle pitch.
  • the parameters are stored in the manner of a clear description of a sine function, wherein the sine function is added to the drive signal spindle motor in phase opposition to the spindle pitch error. It is therefore sufficient to deposit a sine function with amplitude and phase position in a memory means, wherein a correction element relies on this sine function or the sine function descriptive characteristics in order to control the spindle motor in addition to the drive signal.
  • support values of this correction function can be stored in a support value table, the support value table can then be cyclically addressed during the imaging and the corresponding correction data can be added to the drive signal of the spindle motor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of an external drum imagesetter with an exposure drum 1.
  • the exposure drum 1 is driven in rotation in the direction of the rotation arrow 2 via drives, not shown.
  • a printing plate 3 is attached via a terminal block 9.
  • the pressure plate is aligned relative to the direction of movement of the exposure drum 1.
  • the front edge 4 of the pressure plate 3 is clamped.
  • a trailing edge 7 of the printing plate 3 is clamped over clamping pieces 10 on the surface of the exposure drum 1.
  • a feed screw 13 is arranged, which is driven in rotation by means of the feed drive 14.
  • an exposure head carrier 16 On the feed screw 13 stored, there is an exposure head carrier 16, which is driven by the rotational movement of the feed screw 13 in the feed direction Y.
  • On the exposure head 16 are two exposure heads 11, which have a distance W to each other.
  • the exposure heads 11 each have a plurality of laser diodes for imaging the printing plate 3. Depending on the present imaging data, the exposure heads 11 are supplied with imaging data, not shown here. Depending on this imaging data, the printing plate 3 is exposed in the area of an image 15, i. H. imaged.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of the feed screw 13th
  • the feed screw 13 has a diameter 20 and a spindle pitch 21, 21.
  • the spindle 13 further has an overall length 17. Over the total length 17, the spindle pitch 21, 21 'varies locally from pitch to pitch.
  • the spindle 13 is driven in rotation via the feed drive 14.
  • the speed with which the exposure head carrier 16 is moved in the direction of the feed direction Y depends on the local spindle pitch.
  • a change in the spindle pitch 21, 21 ' also results in a speed change of the exposure head carrier 16 in the feed direction Y.
  • the drive signals for the exposure heads 11 are predetermined as a function of the angular position of the exposure drum 1. In this case, in particular a constant advancing movement of the exposure head carrier 16 in the feed direction Y is assumed. Variations in the feed rate of the exposure head carrier 16 then result in variations in the exposure lines of the image 15 on the printing plate 3.
  • a driving device 18 as Correction element or comprising a correction element and acting as control electronics for the feed drive 14 provided.
  • a sinusoidal correction function for controlling and superimposing the uniform rotary drive of the feed drive 14 is sufficient to allow a sufficiently error-free movement of the exposure head carrier 16.
  • a memory 19 is provided, to which the drive device 18 can access, in order to read out this sinusoidal correction function or characteristic values for generating this sinusoidal correction function.
  • FIG. 3 shows a graphical representation of the target advancing movement 30 of the exposure head carrier 16.
  • the feed path Y is plotted against the time t.
  • the linear feed movement which would be achieved by error-free spindle pitches 21, 21 ', is surprisingly superimposed on a tumbling movement, which is generated by the errors of the spindle pitches 21, 21'.
  • This tumbling movement 31 superimposes the advancing movement 30 so that the desired advancing movement 30 results in an actual advancing movement 32.
  • the tumbling movement 31 has surprisingly resulted in the experiment as substantially sinusoidal.
  • the FIG. 3b shows a drive function 33, which is superimposed by the drive means 18 of the linear feed function as a correction function for driving the feed screw drive 14.
  • the correction function 33 has the same frequency as the wobble movement 31 and is directed opposite thereto.
  • the correction function 33 has a phase difference 34 for the drive function of the feed drive 14.
  • This control function provides as a feed function for the rotational movements of the feed screw and results in the advancing movement 30 of the exposure head carrier 16th
  • phase difference 34 and the amplitude of the correction function 33 as well as the frequency can be experimentally optimized by exposing parts of printing plates or different printing plates with different phase differences, different amplitudes and possibly different frequencies and comparing them visually until a optimal parameter set is found.
  • the frequency of the spatial pitch of the spindle pitch 21, 21 ' is selected and only the phase difference and the amplitude are determined experimentally.
  • the Figure 3c then shows a corrected feed movement 35.
  • This corrected feed motion is plotted over the path Y against the time t. Due to the selected sine function of the correction function 33 with the optimized phase difference 34, the wobble error of the actual feed movement 32 is minimized to such an extent that an approximately linear feed movement 35 is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour la production d'images sur des plaques d'impression (3), les plaques d'impression (3) étant fixées sur la surface d'un tambour d'exposition (1), le tambour d'exposition (1) étant entraîné en rotation par des entraînements, et des éléments de production d'images (11) disposés sur un support (16) étant entraînés par une vis d'avance (13) dans une direction d'avance, la vis d'avance (13) étant entraînée par un moteur de vis (14) et les plaques d'impression (3) étant munies d'images en fonction des données d'images fournies par les éléments de production d'images (11), et la vis d'avance (13) étant disposée parallèlement au tambour d'exposition (1),
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    une erreur de position des éléments pour la production d'imagea (11) sur un endroit prédéterminé de la plaque d'impression (3) qui dépend d'une erreur de pas de la vis d'avance (13) est corrigée dans le fait que le mouvement d'avance (30) de la vis d'avance est superposé par un mouvement de correction (33) qui est décrit par une fonction sinusoïdale de correction et qui est opposé à l'erreur de pas de vis.
  2. Production selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la correction de l'erreur de pas de vis s'effectue par une superposition de la fonction d'avance (30) du moteur de vis par la fonction de correction sinusoïdale.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la fonction de correction sinusoïdale présente une fréquence qui correspond au pas théorique de vis.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la fonction de correction sinusoïdale est une fonction sinusoïdale avec la fréquence de pas théorique de vis et une amplitude constante.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la fonction sinusoïdale présente une relation de phase constante (34) par rapport au mouvement de rotation de la vis d'avance (13).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 2 et 5, caractérisé en ce que dans un premier procédé de production d'images, une première plaque d'impression (3) ou une première zone d'une plaque d'impression (3) est dotée d'une image, pour cette production d'images, la fonction d'avance (30) du moteur de vis (14) est superposée par une fonction de correction (33) d'amplitude fixe, de fréquence fixe et d'une première positon de phase prédéterminée (34) par rapport à la rotation de la vis d'avance (13), et au moins une seconde plaque d'impression ou une seconde zone de plaque d'impression (3) est munie d'une image, pour cette production d'images, la fonction d'avance (30) du moteur de vis (14) est superposée par la fonction de correction (33) d'amplitude fixe, de fréquence fixe et de seconde position de phase (34) par rapport à la rotation de la vis d'avance (13), les résultats de production d'images sont jugés visuellement, une position de phase d'avance (34) est définie et au moins une position de phase d'avance (34), une fréquence et une amplitude sont mémorisées en tant que grandeurs caractéristiques de la fonction de correction (33) dans un moyen de stockage (19) qui est associé à l'électronique de commande (18) du moteur de vis (14) et en ce que pour les expositions suivantes de plaques d'impression (3), il est utilisé une fonction de correction (33) sur la base des grandeurs mémorisées de caractéristiques pour la commande du moteur à vis (14).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les caractéristiques sont déposées comme une description claire d'une fonction sinus, la fonction sinus étant additionnée au signal de commande (30) du moteur de vis (14) en opposition de phase à l'erreur de pas de vis.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que les valeurs d'assistance de la fonction de correction (30) sont déposées dans un tableau de valeurs d'assistance, le tableau de valeurs d'assistance est adressé cycliquement pendant une production d'image sur une plaque d'impression (3) et les données de correction correspondantes sont ajoutées au signal de commande (30) du moteur d'avance (14).
  9. Dispositif pour la production d'image sur les plaques d'impression (3), comprenant un tambour d'exposition (1) pour la fixation des plaques d'impression (3) sur sa surface,
    des entraînements pour l'entraînement rotatif du tambour d'exposition (1),
    des éléments de production d'images (11) sur un support (16), une vis d'avance (13) disposée parallèlement au tambour d'exposition (1) pour le déplacement du support (16) dans une direction d'avance (y), un moteur de vis (14) pour l'entraînement rotatif de la vis d'avance (13) dans une direction d'avance (y), une électronique de commande (18) pour la commande du moteur de vis (14) au moyen de signaux de commande, de préférence pour la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que l'électronique de commande (18) est un élément de correction qui additionne aux signaux de commande du moteur de vis (14) un signal de correction (33) selon une fonction de correction sinusoïdale pour la compensation d'une erreur de pas de vis.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un autre moyen de stockage (19) est associé à l'élément de correction, moyen de stockage (19) dans lequel sont déposées des caractéristiques de la fonction de correction (33) et en ce que le signal de correction (33) est ajouté au signal de commande sur la base de ces caractéristiques par l'élément de correction.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un autre moyen de stockage (19) est associé à l'élément de correction, moyen de stockage (19) qui présente un tableau de valeurs d'assistance, tableau de valeurs d'assistance qui contient des valeurs d'assistance du signal de correction (33) et l'élément de correction adresse le tableau de valeurs d'assistance pendant un procédé de production d'images et les données de correction ainsi obtenues sont additionnées au signal de commande de l'électronique de commande (18) pour la commande du moteur d'avance (14).
EP09172268A 2008-10-20 2009-10-06 Compensation d'erreurs dans un système d'imagerie Not-in-force EP2177356B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008052129A DE102008052129A1 (de) 2008-10-20 2008-10-20 Kompensation von Fehlern einer Bebilderungseinrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2177356A1 EP2177356A1 (fr) 2010-04-21
EP2177356B1 true EP2177356B1 (fr) 2011-12-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09172268A Not-in-force EP2177356B1 (fr) 2008-10-20 2009-10-06 Compensation d'erreurs dans un système d'imagerie

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EP (1) EP2177356B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE536999T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008052129A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19725502B4 (de) 1997-06-17 2008-04-10 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Druckmaschine mit einer Vorrichtung zur Kompensation von Fehlern bei der Bebilderung eines Formzylinders

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EP2177356A1 (fr) 2010-04-21
ATE536999T1 (de) 2011-12-15

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