EP2175221A2 - Cooling device - Google Patents

Cooling device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2175221A2
EP2175221A2 EP09170901A EP09170901A EP2175221A2 EP 2175221 A2 EP2175221 A2 EP 2175221A2 EP 09170901 A EP09170901 A EP 09170901A EP 09170901 A EP09170901 A EP 09170901A EP 2175221 A2 EP2175221 A2 EP 2175221A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
cooling
channel
cooling device
contours
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09170901A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2175221A3 (en
EP2175221B1 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Schwalk
Jörg Dittmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2175221A2 publication Critical patent/EP2175221A2/en
Publication of EP2175221A3 publication Critical patent/EP2175221A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2175221B1 publication Critical patent/EP2175221B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/25—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/29—Constructional details of the coolers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation or materials
    • F02M26/32—Liquid-cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/022—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being wires or pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/048—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of ribs integral with the element or local variations in thickness of the element, e.g. grooves, microchannels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/06—Hollow fins; fins with internal circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/14—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes molded

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooling device for an internal combustion engine, in particular an exhaust gas cooling device in a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic cooling device is, for example, from the DE 10 2005 045 103 B3 known, in which a heat transfer device is provided in a housing.
  • the heat transfer device consists of an upper part and a lower part from which pin-shaped ribs extend into a channel in the heat transfer device.
  • Another such cooling device is, for example, from the DE 10 2005 045 098 A1 known.
  • an air intake duct system which has a collection intake passage in which a cooling device is integrated.
  • the collecting inlet channel is for this purpose divided into two separate channels, of which a first in the normal operation of exhaust gas and a second is traversed by air and wherein the air flow in normal operation channel can serve as a bypass channel for an exhaust gas flow in the warm-up phase.
  • the entire air intake duct system is designed in such a way that it can be mounted by simply stacking the individual parts. As a result, in particular a significantly reduced number of parts compared to known systems to be achieved.
  • a heat exchanger with a coolant-flow channel and a flow-through of a fluid to be cooled channel known, wherein the two channels are separated by a wall.
  • ribs extend into at least one of the two channels, each rib having a line-shaped leading edge and two line-shaped trailing edges. The arrival and trailing edges limit two steadily extending side walls of the ribs.
  • the present invention addresses the problem of providing a cooling device of the generic type, an improved embodiment, which is easy to manufacture and control exactly or to regulate and at the same time has a structurally simple structure.
  • the present invention is based on the general idea to equip a cooling device for cooling exhaust gases in a motor vehicle with a housing made of die-cast metal and in this housing both a first channel in which a heat transfer device is arranged, and a second channel, which is designed as a bypass channel is and bypasses the heat transfer device to integrate.
  • At least the second channel is formed by housing contours, which form an integral part of the metal die-cast housing. Separate parts for the realization of the individual channels are thus unnecessary, so that for the production of the cooling device according to the invention, only the heat transfer device is positioned or arranged in the first channel must be and then the housing can be closed, which are already formed by the integrally provided housing contours when closing the housing, the two channels.
  • the heat transfer device forms an integral part of the housing, for example in the form of molded-on cooling fins. Separately to be provided partition walls are thus also unnecessary, so that the cooling device according to the invention is structurally simple.
  • a nearly temperature-insensitive material is found by the use of metal die-casting for the housing, which withstands even high temperatures, such as those that can occur, for example, in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine.
  • the provision of the housing contours, which form at least the second channel in the same during assembly of the housing can be realized by a correspondingly simple design or design of an injection mold.
  • a pivotable bypass flap is provided, through which a flow division between the first and the second channel takes place.
  • the bypass flap is controlled or regulated by a corresponding control / regulating device and divides the flowing in the cooling device flow to the first and second channel.
  • a first extreme position of the bypass flap the entire flow flows through the first channel and nothing through the second channel, while in the second extreme position of the pivotable bypass flap is exactly the case.
  • the flow between the two channels can be divided almost arbitrarily.
  • Such a pivotable bypass flap allows a very precise and at the same time with respect to the required parts cost-effective control of the flowing gas stream in the cooling device.
  • the housing is designed as a light metal die-cast housing, in particular of die-cast aluminum.
  • aluminum Due to its low density, aluminum is often used where it depends on the mass of a means of transport, because it contributes, for example, to fuel consumption. If alloying elements, such as, for example, magnesium, silicon or other metals are admixed with this, it is possible to achieve strengths which are only slightly inferior to those of steel.
  • alloying elements such as, for example, magnesium, silicon or other metals are admixed with this, it is possible to achieve strengths which are only slightly inferior to those of steel.
  • aluminum has extremely good thermal conductivity and is thus predestined for use in heat transfer devices.
  • cooling contours such as cooling fins may be formed, which cause cooling of the flowing exhaust gas flow, which due to the high thermal conductivity of the aluminum, a particularly good heat exchange can be ensured.
  • the housing is constructed in two parts, wherein on at least one of the two housing parts cooling contours, in particular cooling ribs are formed, which protrude into the first channel, preferably perpendicular to the flow direction.
  • the cooling contours force a flow around them through the hot exhaust gas and due to their large surface an intensive heat exchange.
  • the cooling contours may be formed hollow and flowed through by a cooling fluid.
  • the cooling fluid can, for example, from a cooling circuit, which also cools the engine, are removed, so that with the hot exhaust, for example, a warm-up of the Significantly shortened internal combustion engine and thereby the high NO x emissions can be reduced in particular at this stage.
  • such cooling devices can also be used for heating a passenger compartment, with the main focus being on reducing the exhaust-gas temperature before supplying it to a catalytic converter in order to be able to generally reduce pollutant emissions.
  • a cooling device 1 according to the invention for an internal combustion engine which is designed in particular as exhaust gas cooling device in a motor vehicle, a housing 2, in which in a first channel 3, a heat transfer device 4 is arranged.
  • the housing 2 is designed as a metal die-cast housing and has an integrated, second housing 6 formed by housing contours 5, 5 ', which is designed as a bypass channel and bypasses the heat transfer device 4.
  • the course of the first channel 3 and the second channel 6 are particularly well the Fig. 2a and 2c refer to.
  • a pivotable bypass flap 7 is provided, through which a flow division between the first channel 3 and the second channel 6 takes place.
  • the bypass valve 7 is merely one possible embodiment, so that generally also slides, valves, or the like can be used here.
  • the pivotable bypass flap 7 is pivotally mounted about an axis 8 and has outside the housing 2 an adjusting lever 9 which is rotatably connected to the bypass flap 7 and about which the position of the bypass flap 7 can be adjusted.
  • the bypass flap 7 is in a first extreme position in which it shuts off the second channel 6 and the entire flowing through the cooling device 1 gas flow passes exclusively through the first channel 3.
  • the housing 2 is formed at least in two parts and has a first housing part 10a and a second tightly connected thereto housing part 10b.
  • cooling contours 11, in particular cooling ribs are formed on at least one of the two housing parts 10a, 10b, which protrude into the first channel 3, preferably perpendicular to the flow direction, thereby forcing a deflection of the gas flow.
  • cooling contours 11 are formed on two housing parts 10a, 10b, which in the assembled housing 2, as for example. According to the Fig. 2c is shown, interlock. The in the sectional view according to the Fig.
  • cooling contours 11 shown are solid, wherein it is also conceivable that the cooling contours 11 are at least partially hollow and by a cooling fluid, in particular from the housing part 10a to the housing part 10b or vice versa, flows through.
  • the cooling contours 11 may have a blind hole acted upon by a cooling fluid, whereby an active cooling of the cooling contours 11 takes place, and thereby the cooling effect of the cooling device 1 is additionally improved.
  • the housing 2 is designed as a metal die-cast housing, wherein in particular light metals, such as, for example, aluminum or alloys thereof, can be used. Of course, also conceivable zinc or Magnesium die-cast housing. By alloying different metals to aluminum, it is possible to produce properties similar to steel, while maintaining the high thermal conductivity attributable to the aluminum.
  • the connection of the two housing parts 10a and 10b is usually pressure-tight, eg. By means of a welding process. By choosing the metal die casting as a material for the housing 2, this is insensitive to the high temperatures occurring in the exhaust gas and thus has a long service life. In the use of light metals for the material of the housing 2, moreover, weight can be saved, which is increasingly becoming the focus of modern motor vehicles due to steadily rising fuel costs.
  • the two cooling channels 3 and 6 exclusively by integrally connected to the housing 2 housing contours 5, 5 'to form, so that in addition separating elements, which are both expensive and expensive to install on the other hand, can be omitted.
  • a housing 2 or such housing parts 10a and 10b can be produced inexpensively by an appropriate design of the die casting with almost any geometry and beyond.
  • an exhaust gas recirculation valve 12 is located, which are integrated into the cooling device 1 or at least cooled by a cooling jacket or directly with coolant.
  • Covering the housing part 10a and / or 10b can still be provided, in particular made of plastic, upper and / or lower cover 13, in which further components not shown, such as a thermostatic valve, can be integrated or installed.
  • the / the cover 13 can / can be screwed via screws 14 to the associated housing parts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

The system (1) has a pressure die-casting housing, and a heat transmission device (4) provided in a channel (3). The housing has another channel (6) formed by housing contours (5, 5'), where the latter channel is designed as a bypass channel and bypasses the heat transmission device. A pivotable bypass flap (7) causes a flow division between the channels. Cooling contours e.g. cooling ribs, are formed on both parts of the housing, and engage with one another when the housing is in an assembled state. The housing is formed as an aluminum, magnesium or zinc pressure die-cast housing.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Kühleinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eine Abgaskühleinrichtung in einem Kraftfahrzeug, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a cooling device for an internal combustion engine, in particular an exhaust gas cooling device in a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine gattungsgemäße Kühleinrichtung ist bspw. aus der DE 10 2005 045 103 B3 bekannt, bei der in einem Gehäuse eine Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung vorgesehen ist. Die Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung besteht aus einem Oberteil und einem Unterteil, vom dem aus sich stiftförmige Rippen in einen Kanal in der Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung erstrecken. Hierdurch soll insbesondere ein Wirkungsgrad der Kühleinrichtung im Vergleich zu bekannten Lösungen erhöht werden.A generic cooling device is, for example, from the DE 10 2005 045 103 B3 known, in which a heat transfer device is provided in a housing. The heat transfer device consists of an upper part and a lower part from which pin-shaped ribs extend into a channel in the heat transfer device. As a result, in particular, an efficiency of the cooling device should be increased in comparison to known solutions.

Eine weitere derartige Kühleinrichtung ist bspw. aus der DE 10 2005 045 098 A1 bekannt.Another such cooling device is, for example, from the DE 10 2005 045 098 A1 known.

Aus der DE 10 2004 025 185 A1 ist ein Luftansaugkanalsystem bekannt, welches einen Sammeleinlasskanal aufweist, in dem eine Kühleinrichtung integriert ist. Der Sammeleinlasskanal ist dazu in zwei getrennte Kanäle unterteilt, wovon ein erster im Normalbetrieb von Abgas und ein zweiter von Luft durchströmt ist und wobei der im Normalbetrieb luftdurchströmte Kanal in der Warmlaufphase als Bypasskanal für einen Abgasstrom dienen kann. Das gesamte Luftansaugkanalsystem ist dabei derart konzipiert, dass es durch ein einfaches Aufeinandersetzen der Einzelteile montiert werden kann. Hierdurch soll insbesondere eine deutlich verringerte Teileanzahl im Vergleich zu bekannten Systemen erreicht werden.From the DE 10 2004 025 185 A1 For example, an air intake duct system is known which has a collection intake passage in which a cooling device is integrated. The collecting inlet channel is for this purpose divided into two separate channels, of which a first in the normal operation of exhaust gas and a second is traversed by air and wherein the air flow in normal operation channel can serve as a bypass channel for an exhaust gas flow in the warm-up phase. The entire air intake duct system is designed in such a way that it can be mounted by simply stacking the individual parts. As a result, in particular a significantly reduced number of parts compared to known systems to be achieved.

Schließlich ist aus der DE 20 2006 009 464 U1 ein Wärmetauscher mit einem kühlmitteldurchströmten Kanal und einen von einem zu kühlenden Fluid durchströmten Kanal bekannt, wobei die beiden Kanäle durch eine Wand voneinander getrennt sind. Von dieser Wand ausgehend erstrecken sich Rippen in zumindest einen der beiden Kanäle, wobei jede Rippe eine linienförmige Anströmkante und zwei linienförmige Abströmkanten aufweist. Die An- und Abströmkanten begrenzen dabei zwei stetig verlaufende Seitenwände der Rippen.Finally, out of the DE 20 2006 009 464 U1 a heat exchanger with a coolant-flow channel and a flow-through of a fluid to be cooled channel known, wherein the two channels are separated by a wall. Starting from this wall, ribs extend into at least one of the two channels, each rib having a line-shaped leading edge and two line-shaped trailing edges. The arrival and trailing edges limit two steadily extending side walls of the ribs.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, für eine Kühleinrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art, eine verbesserte Ausführungsform anzugeben, welche einfach zu fertigen und exakt zu steuern bzw. zu regeln ist und zugleich einen konstruktiv einfachen Aufbau aufweist.The present invention addresses the problem of providing a cooling device of the generic type, an improved embodiment, which is easy to manufacture and control exactly or to regulate and at the same time has a structurally simple structure.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of independent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, eine Kühleinrichtung zur Kühlung von Abgasen in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Gehäuse aus Metalldruckguss auszustatten und in diesem Gehäuse sowohl einen ersten Kanal, in welchem eine Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung angeordnet ist, als auch einen zweiten Kanal, welcher als Bypasskanal ausgebildet ist und die Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung umgeht, zu integrieren. Zumindest der zweite Kanal wird dabei durch Gehäusekonturen gebildet, die einen integralen Bestandteil des Metalldruckgussgehäuses bilden. Separate Teile zur Realisierung der einzelnen Kanäle sind dadurch entbehrlich, so dass zur Fertigung der erfindungsgemäßen Kühleinrichtung lediglich noch die Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung im ersten Kanal positioniert bzw. angeordnet werden muss und anschließend das Gehäuse geschlossen werden kann, wobei durch die integral vorgesehenen Gehäusekonturen beim Schließen des Gehäuses bereits die beiden Kanäle gebildet werden. Denkbar ist hierbei selbstverständlich auch, dass auch die Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung einen integralen Bestandteil des Gehäuses, beispielsweise in der Art von angeformten Kühlrippen, bildet. Separat vorzusehende Trennwände sind dadurch gleichfalls entbehrlich, wodurch die erfindungsgemäße Kühleinrichtung konstruktiv einfach aufgebaut ist. Darüber hinaus ist durch die Verwendung von Metalldruckguss für das Gehäuse ein nahezu temperaturunempfindlicher Werkstoff gefunden, welcher selbst hohen Temperaturen, wie sie bspw. in einem Abgasstrang einer Brennkraftmaschine auftreten können, problemlos standhält. Das Vorsehen der Gehäusekonturen, welche beim Zusammenbau des Gehäuses zumindest den zweiten Kanal in demselben bilden, ist durch eine entsprechend einfache Auslegung bzw. Ausbildung einer Spritzgussform realisierbar. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen und aus Metalldruckguss ausgebildeten Gehäuse, welches durch seine Ausbildung bereits die zwei innenliegenden Kanäle formt, können aufwendige Montageprozesse sowie die Teilevielfalt bei der Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Kühleinrichtung deutlich reduziert werden.The present invention is based on the general idea to equip a cooling device for cooling exhaust gases in a motor vehicle with a housing made of die-cast metal and in this housing both a first channel in which a heat transfer device is arranged, and a second channel, which is designed as a bypass channel is and bypasses the heat transfer device to integrate. At least the second channel is formed by housing contours, which form an integral part of the metal die-cast housing. Separate parts for the realization of the individual channels are thus unnecessary, so that for the production of the cooling device according to the invention, only the heat transfer device is positioned or arranged in the first channel must be and then the housing can be closed, which are already formed by the integrally provided housing contours when closing the housing, the two channels. Of course, it is also conceivable that the heat transfer device forms an integral part of the housing, for example in the form of molded-on cooling fins. Separately to be provided partition walls are thus also unnecessary, so that the cooling device according to the invention is structurally simple. In addition, a nearly temperature-insensitive material is found by the use of metal die-casting for the housing, which withstands even high temperatures, such as those that can occur, for example, in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine. The provision of the housing contours, which form at least the second channel in the same during assembly of the housing, can be realized by a correspondingly simple design or design of an injection mold. With the housing according to the invention and made of die-cast metal, which already forms the two internal channels due to its design, complex assembly processes and the variety of parts in the production of the cooling device according to the invention can be significantly reduced.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung, ist eine schwenkbare Bypassklappe vorgesehen, durch welche eine Strömungsaufteilung zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Kanal erfolgt. Die Bypassklappe wird dabei von einer entsprechenden Steuerungs-/Regelungseinrichtung angesteuert bzw. geregelt und teilt die in der Kühleinrichtung fließende Strömung auf den ersten bzw. zweiten Kanal auf. In einer ersten Extremalstellung der Bypassklappe strömt die gesamte Strömung durch den ersten Kanal und nichts durch den zweiten Kanal, während dies bei der zweiten Extremalstellung der schwenkbaren Bypassklappe genau umgekehrt der Fall ist. In stufenlos einstellbaren Zwischenstellungen kann dabei die Strömung zwischen den beiden Kanälen nahezu beliebig aufgeteilt werden. Eine derartige schwenkbare Bypassklappe ermöglicht ein äußerst exaktes und zugleich bezüglich der erforderlichen Teile kostengünstiges Steuern des in der Kühleinrichtung strömenden Gasstroms.In an advantageous development of the solution according to the invention, a pivotable bypass flap is provided, through which a flow division between the first and the second channel takes place. The bypass flap is controlled or regulated by a corresponding control / regulating device and divides the flowing in the cooling device flow to the first and second channel. In a first extreme position of the bypass flap, the entire flow flows through the first channel and nothing through the second channel, while in the second extreme position of the pivotable bypass flap is exactly the case. In continuously adjustable intermediate positions, the flow between the two channels can be divided almost arbitrarily. Such a pivotable bypass flap allows a very precise and at the same time with respect to the required parts cost-effective control of the flowing gas stream in the cooling device.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung, ist das Gehäuse als Leichtmetalldruckgussgehäuse, insbesondere aus Aluminiumdruckguss, ausgebildet. Aluminium wird aufgrund seiner geringen Dichte gern dort verwendet, wo es auf die Masse eines Transportmittels ankommt, weil diese bspw. zum Treibstoffverbrauch beiträgt. Werden hierbei Legierungselemente, wie bspw. Magnesium, Silizium oder andere Metalle zugemischt, können Festigkeiten erreicht werden, die denen von Stahl nur wenig nachstehen. Aluminium besitzt neben dem geringen Gewicht eine äußerst gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit und ist dadurch prädestiniert für den Einsatz in Wärmeübertragungseinrichtungen. So können bspw. an dem Gehäuse Kühlkonturen, wie Kühlrippen angeformt sein, die eine Kühlung des durchströmenden Abgasstroms bewirken, wobei aufgrund der hohen Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Aluminiums ein besonders guter Wärmeaustausch gewährleistet werden kann.In an advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention, the housing is designed as a light metal die-cast housing, in particular of die-cast aluminum. Due to its low density, aluminum is often used where it depends on the mass of a means of transport, because it contributes, for example, to fuel consumption. If alloying elements, such as, for example, magnesium, silicon or other metals are admixed with this, it is possible to achieve strengths which are only slightly inferior to those of steel. In addition to the low weight, aluminum has extremely good thermal conductivity and is thus predestined for use in heat transfer devices. For example, on the housing cooling contours, such as cooling fins may be formed, which cause cooling of the flowing exhaust gas flow, which due to the high thermal conductivity of the aluminum, a particularly good heat exchange can be ensured.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung, ist das Gehäuse zweiteilig aufgebaut, wobei an zumindest einem der beiden Gehäuseteile Kühlkonturen, insbesondere Kühlrippen ausgebildet sind, die in den ersten Kanal, vorzugsweise senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung hineinragen. Die Kühlkonturen erzwingen dabei ein Umströmen derselben durch das heiße Abgas und aufgrund ihrer großen Oberfläche einen intensiven Wärmeaustausch. Zur Erhöhung der Kühlwirkung, können die Kühlkonturen hohl ausgebildet sein und von einem Kühlfluid durchströmt werden. Das Kühlfluid kann dabei bspw. aus einem Kühlkreislauf, welcher ebenfalls die Brennkraftmaschine kühlt, entnommen werden, so dass mit dem heißen Abgas bspw. eine Aufwärmphase der Brennkraftmaschine deutlich verkürzt und dadurch die Insbesondere in diesem Stadium hohe NOx-Emissionen reduziert werden können. Generell können derartige Kühleinrichtungen auch zu einer Erwärmung eines Fahrgastraums verwendet werden, wobei das Hauptaugenmerk darauf gerichtet ist, die Abgastemperatur vor der Zuführung zu einem Katalysator zu senken, um dadurch die Schadstoffemissionen generell senken zu können.In an advantageous development of the solution according to the invention, the housing is constructed in two parts, wherein on at least one of the two housing parts cooling contours, in particular cooling ribs are formed, which protrude into the first channel, preferably perpendicular to the flow direction. The cooling contours force a flow around them through the hot exhaust gas and due to their large surface an intensive heat exchange. To increase the cooling effect, the cooling contours may be formed hollow and flowed through by a cooling fluid. The cooling fluid can, for example, from a cooling circuit, which also cools the engine, are removed, so that with the hot exhaust, for example, a warm-up of the Significantly shortened internal combustion engine and thereby the high NO x emissions can be reduced in particular at this stage. In general, such cooling devices can also be used for heating a passenger compartment, with the main focus being on reducing the exhaust-gas temperature before supplying it to a catalytic converter in order to be able to generally reduce pollutant emissions.

Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus den Zeichnungen und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen.Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated figure description with reference to the drawings.

Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert, wobei sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleiche oder ähnliche oder funktional gleiche Bauteile beziehen.Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.

Dabei zeigen, jeweils schematisch,

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Kühleinrichtung in einer Explosionsdarstellung,
Fig. 2a
eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Schnittebene B-B,
Fig. 2b
eine Ansicht auf die erfindungsgemäße Kühleinrichtung von oben,
Fig. 2c
eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Schnittebene A-A,
Fig. 2d
eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Schnittebene C-C.
Show, in each case schematically,
Fig. 1
a cooling device according to the invention in an exploded view,
Fig. 2a
a sectional view along the section plane BB,
Fig. 2b
a view of the cooling device according to the invention from above,
Fig. 2c
a sectional view along the sectional plane AA,
Fig. 2d
a sectional view along the cutting plane CC.

Entsprechend der Fig. 1, weist eine erfindungsgemäße Kühleinrichtung 1 für eine Brennkraftmaschine, welche insbesondere als Abgaskühleinrichtung in einem Kraftfahrzeug ausgebildet ist, ein Gehäuse 2 auf, in welchem in einem ersten Kanal 3 eine Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung 4 angeordnet ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist dabei das Gehäuse 2 als Metalldruckgussgehäuse ausgebildet und weist einen integrierten, durch Gehäusekonturen 5, 5' gebildeten, zweiten Kanal 6 auf, welcher als Bypasskanal ausgebildet ist und die Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung 4 umgeht. Der Verlauf des ersten Kanals 3 und des zweiten Kanals 6 sind dabei besonders gut den Fig. 2a und 2c zu entnehmen.According to the Fig. 1 , A cooling device 1 according to the invention for an internal combustion engine, which is designed in particular as exhaust gas cooling device in a motor vehicle, a housing 2, in which in a first channel 3, a heat transfer device 4 is arranged. According to the invention, the housing 2 is designed as a metal die-cast housing and has an integrated, second housing 6 formed by housing contours 5, 5 ', which is designed as a bypass channel and bypasses the heat transfer device 4. The course of the first channel 3 and the second channel 6 are particularly well the Fig. 2a and 2c refer to.

Betrachtet man die Fig. 1 und 2a, so kann man erkennen, dass eine schwenkbare Bypassklappe 7 vorgesehen ist, durch welche eine Strömungsaufteilung zwischen dem ersten Kanal 3 und dem zweiten Kanal 6 erfolgt. Selbstverständlich stellt dabei die Bypassklappe 7 lediglich eine mögliche Ausführungsform dar, so dass hier generell auch Schieber, Ventile, oder Ähnliches zum Einsatz gelangen kann. Die schwenkbare Bypassklappe 7 ist um eine Achse 8 schwenkbar gelagert und weist außerhalb des Gehäuses 2 einen Verstellhebel 9 auf, der drehfest mit der Bypassklappe 7 verbunden ist und worüber die Stellung der Bypassklappe 7 eingestellt werden kann. Bei der gemäß der Fig. 2a dargestellten Situation, befindet sich die Bypassklappe 7 in einer ersten Extremalstellung, in welcher sie den zweiten Kanal 6 absperrt und den gesamten durch die Kühleinrichtung 1 strömenden Gasstrom ausschließlich durch den ersten Kanal 3 leitet. In einer zweiten Extremalstellung, welche gemäß der Fig. 2a mit einer unterbrochen gezeichneten Linie dargestellt ist, würde die Bypassklappe 7 den ersten Kanal 3 vollständig verschließen, so dass der gesamte durch die Kühleinrichtung 1 strömende Gasstrom ausschließlich durch den zweiten Kanal 6 geleitet wird. Selbstverständlich sind dabei auch beliebige Zwischenstellungen denkbar, durch welche eine Aufteilung des durch die Kühleinrichtung 1 strömenden Gasstroms auf den ersten Kanal 3 und den zweiten Kanal 6 erfolgt.Looking at the Fig. 1 and 2a , it can be seen that a pivotable bypass flap 7 is provided, through which a flow division between the first channel 3 and the second channel 6 takes place. Of course, in this case, the bypass valve 7 is merely one possible embodiment, so that generally also slides, valves, or the like can be used here. The pivotable bypass flap 7 is pivotally mounted about an axis 8 and has outside the housing 2 an adjusting lever 9 which is rotatably connected to the bypass flap 7 and about which the position of the bypass flap 7 can be adjusted. In accordance with the Fig. 2a illustrated situation, the bypass flap 7 is in a first extreme position in which it shuts off the second channel 6 and the entire flowing through the cooling device 1 gas flow passes exclusively through the first channel 3. In a second extreme position, which according to the Fig. 2a is shown with a broken line, the Bypass valve 7 completely close the first channel 3, so that the entire flowing through the cooling device 1 gas flow is passed exclusively through the second channel 6. Of course, any intermediate positions are also conceivable, by which a division of the gas flowing through the cooling device 1 gas flow to the first channel 3 and the second channel 6 takes place.

Aus der Fig. 1 erkennt man, dass das Gehäuse 2 zumindest zweiteilig ausgebildet ist und ein erstes Gehäuseteil 10a sowie ein zweites dicht damit verbundenes Gehäuseteil 10b aufweist. Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung, sind dabei an zumindest einem der beiden Gehäuseteile 10a, 10b Kühlkonturen 11, insbesondere Kühlrippen, ausgebildet, die in den ersten Kanal 3, vorzugsweise senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung, hineinragen und dadurch eine Umlenkung des Gasstroms erzwingen. In den gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsformen, sind an beiden Gehäuseteilen 10a, 10b Kühlkonturen 11 ausgebildet, die bei montiertem Gehäuse 2, wie dies bspw. gemäß der Fig. 2c dargestellt ist, ineinander greifen. Die in der Schnittdarstellung gemäß der Fig. 2c dargestellten Kühlkonturen 11 sind dabei massiv ausgebildet, wobei auch denkbar ist, dass die Kühlkonturen 11 zumindest teilweise hohl ausgebildet und von einem Kühlfluid, insbesondere vom Gehäuseteil 10a zum Gehäuseteil 10b oder umgekehrt, durchströmt sind. Insbesondere können dabei die Kühlkonturen 11 ein mit einem Kühlfluid beaufschlagtes Sackloch aufweisen, wodurch eine aktive Kühlung der Kühlkonturen 11 erfolgt und dadurch die Kühlwirkung der Kühleinrichtung 1 zusätzlich verbessert wird.From the Fig. 1 it can be seen that the housing 2 is formed at least in two parts and has a first housing part 10a and a second tightly connected thereto housing part 10b. In an advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention, cooling contours 11, in particular cooling ribs, are formed on at least one of the two housing parts 10a, 10b, which protrude into the first channel 3, preferably perpendicular to the flow direction, thereby forcing a deflection of the gas flow. In accordance with the Fig. 1 and 2 illustrated embodiments, cooling contours 11 are formed on two housing parts 10a, 10b, which in the assembled housing 2, as for example. According to the Fig. 2c is shown, interlock. The in the sectional view according to the Fig. 2c cooling contours 11 shown are solid, wherein it is also conceivable that the cooling contours 11 are at least partially hollow and by a cooling fluid, in particular from the housing part 10a to the housing part 10b or vice versa, flows through. In particular, the cooling contours 11 may have a blind hole acted upon by a cooling fluid, whereby an active cooling of the cooling contours 11 takes place, and thereby the cooling effect of the cooling device 1 is additionally improved.

Das Gehäuse 2 ist als Metalldruckgussgehäuse ausgebildet, wobei insbesondere Leichtmetalle, wie bspw. Aluminium oder Legierungen davon, zum Einsatz kommen können. Denkbar sind selbstverständlich auch Zink- oder Magnesiumdruckgussgehäuse. Durch Zulegieren unterschiedlicher Metalle zu Aluminium, können dabei Eigenschaften, ähnlich von Stahl, erzeugt werden, während die hohe Wärmeleitfähigkeit, die dem Aluminium zueigen ist, erhalten bleibt. Die Verbindung der beiden Gehäuseteile 10a und 10b erfolgt dabei üblicherweise druckdicht, bspw. mittels eines Schweißverfahrens. Durch die Wahl des Metalldruckgusses als Werkstoff für das Gehäuse 2, ist dieses gegenüber den hohen im Abgas auftretenden Temperaturen unempfindlich und weist dadurch eine hohe Lebensdauer auf. Bei der Verwendung von Leichtmetallen für den Werkstoff des Gehäuses 2, kann darüber hinaus Gewicht eingespart werden, was insbesondere bei modernen Kraftfahrzeugen aufgrund stetig steigender Treibstoffkosten zunehmend in den Fokus rückt.The housing 2 is designed as a metal die-cast housing, wherein in particular light metals, such as, for example, aluminum or alloys thereof, can be used. Of course, also conceivable zinc or Magnesium die-cast housing. By alloying different metals to aluminum, it is possible to produce properties similar to steel, while maintaining the high thermal conductivity attributable to the aluminum. The connection of the two housing parts 10a and 10b is usually pressure-tight, eg. By means of a welding process. By choosing the metal die casting as a material for the housing 2, this is insensitive to the high temperatures occurring in the exhaust gas and thus has a long service life. In the use of light metals for the material of the housing 2, moreover, weight can be saved, which is increasingly becoming the focus of modern motor vehicles due to steadily rising fuel costs.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Kühleinrichtung 1 ist es somit möglich, die beiden Kühlkanäle 3 und 6 ausschließlich durch einstückig mit dem Gehäuse 2 verbundenen Gehäusekonturen 5, 5' zu bilden, so dass zusätzlich Trennelemente, welche einerseits teuer und andererseits aufwendig zu montieren sind, entfallen können. Ein derartiges Gehäuse 2 bzw. derartige Gehäuseteile 10a und 10b, lassen sich durch eine entsprechende Ausgestaltung der Druckgussform mit nahezu beliebigen Geometrien und darüber hinaus kostengünstig herstellen.With the cooling device 1 according to the invention it is thus possible, the two cooling channels 3 and 6 exclusively by integrally connected to the housing 2 housing contours 5, 5 'to form, so that in addition separating elements, which are both expensive and expensive to install on the other hand, can be omitted. Such a housing 2 or such housing parts 10a and 10b, can be produced inexpensively by an appropriate design of the die casting with almost any geometry and beyond.

Rein zur Vervollständigung ist noch ein Abgasrückführventil 12 eingezeichnet, welches in die Kühleinrichtung 1 integriert oder zumindest durch einen Kühlmantel oder direkt mit Kühlmittel gekühlt werden.Purely to complete an exhaust gas recirculation valve 12 is located, which are integrated into the cooling device 1 or at least cooled by a cooling jacket or directly with coolant.

Das Gehäuseteil 10a und/oder 10b abdeckend kann noch ein, insbesondere aus Kunststoff ausgebildeter, oberer und/oder unterer Deckel 13 vorgesehen sein, in welchen weitere nicht gezeigte Bauteile, wie beispielsweise ein Thermostatventil, integriert bzw. eingebaut werden können. Der/die Deckel 13 kann/können dabei über Schrauben 14 an den zugehörigen Gehäuseteilen angeschraubt werden.Covering the housing part 10a and / or 10b can still be provided, in particular made of plastic, upper and / or lower cover 13, in which further components not shown, such as a thermostatic valve, can be integrated or installed. The / the cover 13 can / can be screwed via screws 14 to the associated housing parts.

Claims (9)

Kühleinrichtung (1) für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eine Abgaskühleinrichtung in einem Kraftfahrzeug, mit einem im Druckgussverfahren hergestellten Gehäuse (2), in welchem in einem ersten Kanal (3) eine Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung (4) angeordnet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Gehäuse (2) einen integrierten, durch Gehäusekonturen (5,5') gebildeten, zweiten Kanal (6) aufweist, der als Bypasskanal ausgebildet ist und die Wärmeübertragungseinrichtung (4) umgeht.Cooling device (1) for an internal combustion engine, in particular an exhaust gas cooling device in a motor vehicle, with a housing (2) produced by die-casting, in which a heat transfer device (4) is arranged in a first channel (3),
characterized,
that the housing (2) formed an integrated by housing contours (5,5 '), the second channel (6) which is formed as a bypass passage and bypasses the heat transfer device (4). Kühleinrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine schwenkbare Bypassklappe (7) vorgesehen ist, durch welche eine Strömungsaufteilung zwischen dem ersten Kanal (3) und dem zweiten Kanal (6) erfolgt.Cooling device according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that a pivotable bypass flap (7) is provided, through which a flow division takes place between the first channel (3) and the second channel (6). Kühleinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Gehäuse (2) zweiteilig aufgebaut ist.Cooling device according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the housing (2) is constructed in two parts. Kühleinrichtung nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass an zumindest einem der beiden Gehäuseteile (10a,10b) Kühlkonturen (11), insbesondere Kühlrippen, ausgebildet sind, die in den ersten Kanal (3), vorzugsweise senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung, hineinragen.Cooling device according to claim 3,
characterized,
in that cooling contours (11), in particular cooling ribs, are formed on at least one of the two housing parts (10a, 10b), which protrude into the first channel (3), preferably perpendicular to the flow direction. Kühleinrichtung nach Anspruche 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass an beiden Gehäuseteilen (10a,10b) Kühlkonturen (11) ausgebildet sind, die bei montiertem Gehäuse (2) ineinander greifen.Cooling device according to claim 3 or 4,
characterized,
in that cooling contours (11) are formed on both housing parts (10a, 10b) which engage in one another when the housing (2) is mounted. Kühleinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zumindest eine der Kühlkonturen (11) hohl ausgebildet und von einem Kühlfluid durchströmt ist.Cooling device according to one of claims 4 or 5,
characterized,
that at least one of the cooling contours (11) is hollow and flows through a cooling fluid. Kühleinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zumindest eine der Kühlkonturen (11) ein mit Kühlfluid beaufschlagtes Sackloch aufweist.Cooling device according to one of claims 4 to 6,
characterized,
that at least one of the cooling contours (11) has a blind hole acted on by cooling fluid. Kühleinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Gehäuse (2) als Leichtmetalldruckgussgehäuse, insbesondere als Aluminiumdruckgussgehäuse, ausgebildet ist.Cooling device according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the housing (2) is constructed as a light metal die cast housing, in particular a die-cast aluminum housing. Kühleinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Gehäuse (2) als Magnesium- oder als Zinkdruckgussgehäuse ausgebildet ist.Cooling device according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the housing (2) is designed as a magnesium or zinc die-cast housing.
EP09170901A 2008-10-10 2009-09-22 Cooling device Not-in-force EP2175221B1 (en)

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EP2175221B1 (en) 2013-02-20

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