EP2175042A1 - Corrosion-resistant aluminium extrusion profile and method for manufacturing a structure component - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant aluminium extrusion profile and method for manufacturing a structure component Download PDFInfo
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- EP2175042A1 EP2175042A1 EP09011984A EP09011984A EP2175042A1 EP 2175042 A1 EP2175042 A1 EP 2175042A1 EP 09011984 A EP09011984 A EP 09011984A EP 09011984 A EP09011984 A EP 09011984A EP 2175042 A1 EP2175042 A1 EP 2175042A1
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- Prior art keywords
- corrosion
- heat treatment
- alloy
- extrusion
- extruded
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910019018 Mg 2 Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910016570 AlCu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the invention relates to a corrosion-resistant aluminum extruded profile of an ALSiMg alloy, preferably a multi-chamber hollow profile and method for
- the strength of aluminum wrought alloys of the AlMgSi type (6xxxx alloys) is essentially set by the alloying process (D. Altenpohl: "Aluminum viewed from the inside", Aluminum-Verlag). In this case, foreign atoms or precipitates act as impurities in the lattice of the Al microstructure. In the AlMgSi alloy type, it is the Mg 2 Si intermetallic compound which increases strength.
- Object of the present invention was to produce an extruded profile with which at least the previously known deformation and corrosion properties are achieved, but at higher strength properties and that Rp 0.2> 280
- the H 2 content of the melt is adjusted in the usual way by chlorination, by nitrogen or argon rinsing treatment.
- the alloy is characterized by an excess of Mg, with the preferred weight ratio of magnesium to silicon in the alloy composition ranging from 1 to 2 at an alloy content of Si 0.30-0.60%.
- the deformation properties and the ductility can be significantly improved if the contents of Mn, Fe, Cu and optionally Ti and Cr are significantly limited (see claim 1).
- Mn and Cr are added during homogenization form dispersoids which can prevent recrystallization of the microstructure. These dispersoids reduce the local stresses in the structure and thereby increase the ductility.
- the optimum content for Mn is between 0.05 and 0.10 and for Cr between 0.01 and 0.12%.
- Titanium also increases ductility, with the content being between 0.01-0.12%.
- the alloy is cast in a continuous casting process and then homogenized in the temperature range between 450 and 600 ° C in 1-10h.
- the extruded profile is subjected to an immediate heat treatment in the temperature range 160-250 ° C for 20-1800min.
- Table 1 Heat treatment and technological properties for four types of alloys according to the invention and two comparative alloys
- Table 2 Alloy composition of the alloys according to the invention and of the comparative alloys in% by weight
- Image 1 Microstructure of a structural component produced according to the invention
- Picture 2 Microstructure of a structural component according to the prior art
- Picture 3 Profile cross-section of the examined structural component
- test numbers I to VI Six different hollow profiles (test numbers I to VI) with the homogenization conditions specified in Table 1 were produced by extrusion and subsequently heat-treated.
- test numbers III, IV, V and VI showed good deformation and corrosion properties with increased strength and acceptable elongation values.
- the special properties are based on the fact that the intermetallic phases of the type Mg 2 Si, Al 3 Fe, Al 2 Cu were formed during the heat treatment, so that globulitic particles ⁇ 1 ⁇ were uniformly distributed. This is shown by the micrograph Figure 1 for a hollow profile of the invention produced according to the invention V1 according to Table 2.
- the structural components produced by the process according to the invention showed an improvement in notched impact strength. This was especially true of the alloys of the experiment no. V and VI whose results in the notched-bar impact tests exceeded by more than 10% over the comparative values of tests III. and IV. and more than 20% above the values of experiments I. and II.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein korrosionsbeständiges Aluminiumstrangpressprofil aus einer ALSiMg-Legierung, vorzugsweise ein Mehrkammerhohlprofil und Verfahren zurThe invention relates to a corrosion-resistant aluminum extruded profile of an ALSiMg alloy, preferably a multi-chamber hollow profile and method for
Herstellung eines Strangpressprofils.Production of an extruded profile.
Die Festigkeit bei Aluminium-Knetlegierungen vom Typ AlMgSi (6xxxx-Legierungen) wird im Wesentlichen durch die Legierungsverfestigung eingestellt (D. Altenpohl: "Aluminium von innen betrachtet", Aluminium-Verlag). Dabei wirken Fremdatome oder Ausscheidungen wie Störstellen im Gitter des Al-Gefüges. Bei dem Legierungstyp AlMgSi ist es die intermetallische Verbindung Mg2Si, die festigkeitssteigernd wirkt.The strength of aluminum wrought alloys of the AlMgSi type (6xxxx alloys) is essentially set by the alloying process (D. Altenpohl: "Aluminum viewed from the inside", Aluminum-Verlag). In this case, foreign atoms or precipitates act as impurities in the lattice of the Al microstructure. In the AlMgSi alloy type, it is the Mg 2 Si intermetallic compound which increases strength.
Viele der derzeit in Europa etablierten Al-Mg-Si-Knetlegierungen orientieren sich daher an der Mg2Si-Gleichgewichtsphase, besitzen aber zusätzlich einen Si-Überschuss. Das frei verfügbare Si bewirkt durch die Mischkristallbildung eine weitere Festigkeitssteigerung. Diese ist mit einem Si-Überschuss effektiver als bei einem gleichgroßen Mg-Überschuss (F. Ostermann: "Anwendungstechnologie Aluminium", Springer-Verlag).Many of the currently established in Europe Al-Mg-Si wrought alloys are therefore oriented to the Mg 2 Si equilibrium phase, but additionally have an excess of Si. The freely available Si causes by the formation of mixed crystals, a further increase in strength. This is more effective with an excess of Si than with an equally large excess of Mg (F. Ostermann: "Application Technology Aluminum", Springer-Verlag).
Ein Si-Überschuss erhöht jedoch die Abschreckempfindlichkeit der Legierung. Weiterhin neigen diese Legierungen zur Bildung von Korngrenzenausscheidungen, die die Duktilität negativ beeinflussen (
Duktilität (
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es, ein Strangpressprofil zu erzeugen, mit dem zumindest die bisher bekannten Verformungs- und Korrosionseigenschaften erreicht werden, jedoch bei höheren Festigkeitseigenschaften und zwar Rp 0,2 > 280Object of the present invention was to produce an extruded profile with which at least the previously known deformation and corrosion properties are achieved, but at higher strength properties and that Rp 0.2> 280
MPa, Rm ≥ 300MPa und A ≥ 10%.MPa, Rm ≥ 300MPa and A ≥ 10%.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Strangpressprofil aus der Aluminiumlegierung:
- Si
- 0,3 - 0,6%
- Mg
- 0,8-1,2%
- Mn
- 0,03-0,1%
- Fe
- 0,1-0,3%
- Cu
- 0,1-0,3%
- Si
- 0.3 - 0.6%
- mg
- 0.8-1.2%
- Mn
- 0.03-0.1%
- Fe
- 0.1-0.3%
- Cu
- 0.1-0.3%
Rest Reinaluminium mit den üblichen Verunreinigungen, dem wahlweise ein Gehalt an
- Ti
- 0,01-0,12%
- Cr
- 0,01-0,12%
- Ti
- 0.01-0.12%
- Cr
- 0.01-0.12%
zugesetzt werden kann.can be added.
Vorzugsweise beträgt der H2-Gehalt der Schmelze <=0,15ccm/100gr. Al. Der H2-Gehalt der Schmelze wird in üblicher Weise durch Chlorieren, durch Stickstoff- oder Argon-Spülbehandlung eingestellt.Preferably, the H 2 content of the melt is <= 0.15 ccm / 100gr. Al. The H 2 content of the melt is adjusted in the usual way by chlorination, by nitrogen or argon rinsing treatment.
Die Legierung zeichnet sich durch einen Mg-Überschuss aus, wobei das bevorzugte Gew-Verhältnis von Magnesium zu Silizium in der Legierungszusammensetzung im Bereich von 1 bis 2 bei einem Legierungsgehalt von Si 0,30 - 0,60% liegt.The alloy is characterized by an excess of Mg, with the preferred weight ratio of magnesium to silicon in the alloy composition ranging from 1 to 2 at an alloy content of Si 0.30-0.60%.
Neuere Untersuchungen zeigen, dass mit einem Mg/Si-Verhältnis von nahezu 1 gute Festigkeitsergebnisse erzielt werden können, wobei eine Steigerung der Produktivität dieser Legierungen z.B. durch höhere Pressgeschwindigkeit, niedrigerem Anpressdruck und besserer Oberflächenqualität besonders herausgestellt wird (Comalco Aluminium Ltd.: "6xxx series aluminium alloys",
Allerdings lassen sich die Verformungseigenschaften und die Duktivität wesentlich verbessern, wenn die Gehalte an Mn, Fe, Cu sowie ggf. Ti und Cr deutlich eingeschränkt werden (siehe Anspruch 1).However, the deformation properties and the ductility can be significantly improved if the contents of Mn, Fe, Cu and optionally Ti and Cr are significantly limited (see claim 1).
Es wurde beobachtet, dass Zusätze von Mn und Cr während der Homogenisierung Dispersoide bilden, die eine Rekristallisation des Gefüges verhindern können. Diese Dispersoide verringern die lokalen Spannungen im Gefüge und erhöhen dabei die Duktilität. Der optimale Gehalt für Mn liegt dabei zwischen 0,05 und 0,10 und bei Cr zwischen 0,01 und 0,12 %.It has been observed that additions of Mn and Cr during homogenization form dispersoids which can prevent recrystallization of the microstructure. These dispersoids reduce the local stresses in the structure and thereby increase the ductility. The optimum content for Mn is between 0.05 and 0.10 and for Cr between 0.01 and 0.12%.
Titan erhöht auch die Duktilität, wobei der Gehalt zwischen 0,01 - 0,12 % liegt.Titanium also increases ductility, with the content being between 0.01-0.12%.
Die Legierung wird im Stranggussverfahren vergossen und anschließend homogenisiert im Temperaturbereich zwischen 450 und 600°C in 1-10h. Das Strangpressprofil wird einer sofortigen Wärmebehandlung im Temperaturbereich 160-250°C für 20-1800min unterzogen.The alloy is cast in a continuous casting process and then homogenized in the temperature range between 450 and 600 ° C in 1-10h. The extruded profile is subjected to an immediate heat treatment in the temperature range 160-250 ° C for 20-1800min.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to several embodiments.
Es zeigen:
Es wurden sechs verschiedene Hohlprofile (Versuchsnummer I bis VI) mit den in Tabelle 1 angegebenen Homogenisierungsbedingungen durch Strangpressen hergestellt und anschließend wärmebehandelt.Six different hollow profiles (test numbers I to VI) with the homogenization conditions specified in Table 1 were produced by extrusion and subsequently heat-treated.
Die technologischen Eigenschaften wurden an Probenstäben gemessen und in Tabelle 1 aufgelistet.The technological properties were measured on specimen rods and listed in Table 1.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Hohlprofile (Versuchsnummern III, IV, V und VI) zeigten gute Verformungs- und Korrosionseigenschaften bei erhöhter Festigkeit und akzeptablen Dehnungswerten.The hollow sections according to the invention (test numbers III, IV, V and VI) showed good deformation and corrosion properties with increased strength and acceptable elongation values.
Die besonderen Eigenschaften beruhen darauf, dass während der Wärmebehandlung die intermetallischen Phasen des Typs Mg2Si, Al3Fe, Al2Cu eingeformt wurden, so dass globulitisch geformte Partikel ≤ 1µ in gleichmäßiger Verteilung vorlagen. Dies zeigt die Gefügeaufnahme Bild 1 für ein erfindungsgemäß hergestelltes Hohlprofil der Legierung V1 gemäß Tabelle 2.The special properties are based on the fact that the intermetallic phases of the type Mg 2 Si, Al 3 Fe, Al 2 Cu were formed during the heat treatment, so that globulitic particles ≤ 1μ were uniformly distributed. This is shown by the micrograph Figure 1 for a hollow profile of the invention produced according to the invention V1 according to Table 2.
Im Vergleich dazu wurde ein Hohlprofil nach dem Stand der Technik hergestellt, wobei die Legierung B1 einen Mg-Unterschuss aufwies. Die genaue Zusammensetzung der Legierungsbeispiele ist Tabelle 2 zu entnehmen.In comparison, a hollow profile according to the prior art was produced, wherein the alloy B1 had a Mg deficit. The exact composition of the alloy examples is shown in Table 2.
Das nach dem Stand der Technik durch Wärmebehandlung auf den Zustand T6 hergestellte Hohlprofil mit Mg-Unterschuss nach Versuchsnummer I zeigt ein deutlich schlechteres Verformungsverhalten. Die Ursache hierfür liegt in den nadelförmigen bis plattenförmigen Strukturen der intermetallischen Verbindungen, wie die Gefügeaufnahme Bild 2 erkennen lässt.The hollow profile produced according to the prior art by heat treatment to the state T6 with Mg deficit according to test number I shows a significantly poorer deformation behavior. The reason for this lies in the needle-shaped to plate-shaped structures of the intermetallic compounds, as the micrograph of Figure 2 shows.
Zusammenfassend lässt sich feststellen, dass nur durch die Kombination der erfindungsgemäßen Legierungsvarianten V1 - V4 mit den Verfahrensmaßnahmen gemäß Patentanspruch 4, die Lösung der vorliegenden Aufgabenstellung möglich ist. Wie die Versuchsauswertung zeigt, ist es gelungen, die Zugfestigkeiten oberhalb von 300 MPa einzustellen. Dies ist in erster Linie durch entsprechende Gehalte an den Legierungselementen Si, Mg und Cu zu erklären. Mit steigendem Si- und Mg-Gehalt verschlechtert sich das Verformungsverhalten. Durch die Zugabe von Cu und der Temperaturführung während des Fertigungsprozesses konnte gutes Stauchverhalten des Materials beibehalten werden.
** Bewertung 1 bis 10 des Stauchverhaltens nach J. Roysted et. al.: "AIMgSi-alloys with improved Crush Properties", Extrusion Technologie 2008, Orlando.
1 : starke Rissbildung, Abfallen einzelner Profilteile 10: keine Risse, keine Orangenhaut
*** Korrosionstest analog zu DIN 50 905 (Prüfvorschrift nach Fa.Honsel)
**** wärmebehandelt auf den Zustand T6
**
1: severe cracking, falling off of individual profile parts 10: no cracks, no orange peel
*** Corrosion test analogous to DIN 50 905 (test specification according to the company Honsel)
**** heat treated to the state T6
Überraschender Weise zeigten die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Strukturbauteile eine Verbesserung der Kerbschlagzähigkeit. Dies wurde insbesondere an den Legierungen der Versuchs-Nr. V und VI festgestellt, deren Ergebnisse bei den Kerbschlagversuchen um mehr als 10% über den Vergleichswerten der Versuche III. und IV. und um mehr als 20% über den Werten der Versuche I. und II. lagen.Surprisingly, the structural components produced by the process according to the invention showed an improvement in notched impact strength. This was especially true of the alloys of the experiment no. V and VI whose results in the notched-bar impact tests exceeded by more than 10% over the comparative values of tests III. and IV. and more than 20% above the values of experiments I. and II.
Claims (7)
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DE200810048374 DE102008048374B3 (en) | 2008-09-22 | 2008-09-22 | Corrosion-resistant extruded aluminum profile and method for producing a structural component |
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EP2175042A1 true EP2175042A1 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
EP2175042B1 EP2175042B1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
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DE (1) | DE102008048374B3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2537781T3 (en) |
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CN103060634A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-24 | 张家港市金邦铝业有限公司 | Light high-strength aluminum ladder section |
US9970090B2 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2018-05-15 | Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited | Aluminum alloy combining high strength, elongation and extrudability |
US10661338B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2020-05-26 | Hydro Extruded Solutions Ab | Damage tolerant aluminium material having a layered microstructure |
US11345980B2 (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2022-05-31 | Apple Inc. | Recycled aluminum alloys from manufacturing scrap with cosmetic appeal |
EP3938554B1 (en) | 2019-03-13 | 2023-09-06 | Novelis, Inc. | Age-hardenable and highly formable aluminum alloys, monolithic sheet made therof and clad aluminum alloy product comprising it |
WO2024099379A1 (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2024-05-16 | 北京车和家汽车科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material, and preparation method therefor and use thereof |
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US9840761B2 (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2017-12-12 | Norsk Hydro Asa | Al—Mg—Si aluminium alloy with improved properties |
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EP2175042B1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
DE102008048374B3 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
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