EP2173977B1 - Valve train actuating device - Google Patents

Valve train actuating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2173977B1
EP2173977B1 EP08801530.0A EP08801530A EP2173977B1 EP 2173977 B1 EP2173977 B1 EP 2173977B1 EP 08801530 A EP08801530 A EP 08801530A EP 2173977 B1 EP2173977 B1 EP 2173977B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas exchange
exchange valve
decompression
brake
crankshaft
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EP08801530.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2173977A1 (en
Inventor
Marcus Hergert
Kai Kanning
Stefan Rudert
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
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Daimler AG
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Publication of EP2173977A1 publication Critical patent/EP2173977A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
    • F01L13/065—Compression release engine retarders of the "Jacobs Manufacturing" type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/08—Shape of cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/0273—Multiple actuations of a valve within an engine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/04—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation using engine as brake

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas exchange valve actuating device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • gas exchange valve actuation devices in particular for internal combustion engines, with at least one firing camshaft which is phase adjustable by means of a firing camshaft adjusting device to a crankshaft, and with a decompression brake device comprising at least one brake cam and at least one Dekompressionsgas monventil known.
  • the DE 195 26 463 A1 discloses a gas exchange valve actuation device, in particular for an internal combustion engine, with at least one firing camshaft and with a decompression brake device comprising at least one brake cam and at least one decompression gas exchange valve.
  • the decompression gas exchange valve is actuated by the brake cam by means of a decompression brake device.
  • the WO 00/61930 A discloses a gas exchange valve operating device having at least one firing camshaft, wherein via a rocker arm, an exhaust gas outlet valve is connected to a firing camshaft exhaust cam.
  • a decompression brake device comprises at least one brake cam and at least one decompression gas exchange valve, wherein the decompression gas exchange valve also forms the exhaust gas outlet valve.
  • the brake cam is located on the firing camshaft.
  • the brake cam is connected via a brake cam follower of a brake rocker arm with the brake rocker arm. In braking mode, the brake rocker arm is connected via a device with the decompression gas exchange valve.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a decompression brake device with a maximum braking power in different operating conditions.
  • the object is achieved in each case by the features of patent claim 1, wherein further embodiments of the invention can be taken from the subclaims.
  • the invention is based on a gas exchange valve actuating device, in particular for an internal combustion engine, with at least one firing camshaft that is phase-adjustable by means of a firing camshaft adjusting device to a crankshaft, and with a decompression brake device comprising at least one brake cam and at least one Dekompressionsgas monventil.
  • the gas exchange valve actuating device comprises an adjusting device which is provided to set a decompression gas exchange valve actuation time.
  • a “decompression gas exchange valve actuation time” should in particular be understood to mean a time that is related to the crankshaft, in particular a phase time point related to the crankshaft, at which the decompression gas exchange valve is actuated by the decompression brake device and in particular is opened, wherein the decompression gas exchange valve can be made in one piece or in several parts with a gas outlet valve.
  • provided is to be understood in particular specially equipped, designed and / or programmed.
  • the brake cam is arranged on the firing camshaft.
  • a decompression brake device which can be produced particularly simply and inexpensively with an adjustable gas exchange valve actuation time.
  • an arrangement of the brake cam on a brake camshaft is conceivable.
  • the decompression gas exchange valve timing at which the brake cam disposed on the firing camshaft actuates the decompression gas exchange valve can be set particularly easily.
  • the adjusting device is at least partially designed in one piece with the Befashionungsnockenwellenverstellvorraum. As a result, material, components and costs can be saved and the decompression brake can be made very compact.
  • a control unit provided to set the decompressing gas exchange valve actuation timing is proposed.
  • the decompression brake can be particularly flexible adapted to different operating conditions.
  • control unit is provided to adjust the Dekompressionsgas crispventilbetuschists time in dependence on a speed of the crankshaft.
  • a braking power adapted to the operating state can be set.
  • Dependence on further or alternative parameters that appear reasonable to the person skilled in the art, for example as a function of a loading state or a driver's request.
  • the brake camshaft actuation time is shifted in the direction of a top dead center with a decreasing rotational speed of the crankshaft.
  • a “top dead center” should be understood in particular a position of the crankshaft, in which a direction of movement of a piston attached to the crankshaft is changed or a position of the piston at which a compression of a gas enclosed in a cylinder by the piston is maximum.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a gas exchange valve actuating device for an internal combustion engine with a firing camshaft 10, which is by means of a firing camshaft adjuster 11 phase adjustable to a crankshaft 12.
  • a decompression brake device 13 is arranged, which comprises a brake cam 14 and a decompression gas exchange valve 15.
  • the gas exchange valve actuating device comprises an adjusting device 16, by means of which a decompression gas exchange valve actuation time, where the decompression gas exchange valve 13 is opened, can be adjusted.
  • the brake cam 14 of the decompression brake device 13 is disposed on the firing camshaft 10. Via a brake cam follower 17, which is arranged on a brake rocker arm 18, the brake cam 14 is connected to the brake rocker arm 18.
  • the brake cam follower 17 follows the movement of the brake cam 14, whereby the brake rocker arm 18 performs a pivoting movement.
  • the brake rocker arm 18 is connected to the Dekompressionsgas monventil 15 via a suitable device 27 and the decompression gas exchange valve 15 is opened by the pivoting movement of the brake rocker arm 18 ( FIG. 2 ).
  • the rocker arm 26 follows the movements of the exhaust cam 19 via a cam follower 25.
  • the gas 24 enclosed in a cylinder 20 is compressed by a movement of a piston 21 and a pressure is built up.
  • a maximum built-up pressure of the gas 24 enclosed in the cylinder 20, which is reached when the decompression gas exchange valve 15 remains closed, increases in particular with an increasing rotational speed of the crankshaft 12.
  • the rotational speed of the crankshaft 12 corresponds in particular to a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine.
  • An energy that is expended to compress the gas 24 depends, in particular, on the pressure built up in the cylinder 20.
  • the energy used is dissipated in particular as a heat energy and there is a braking effect.
  • a decompression gas exchange valve actuation time is set via a phase angle between the crankshaft 12 and the firing camshaft 10 at which the decompression gas exchange valve 15 is opened.
  • the pressure built up in the cylinder 20 is always less than or equal to a maximum allowable cylinder pressure.
  • the firing camshaft 10 is rotated by the adjusting device 16 against the crankshaft 12.
  • the pressure in the cylinder 20 is built up faster than at a low speed. Since the built-up pressure at a high speed is greater than at a low speed, especially at a high speed of the pressure built up in the cylinder 20 may exceed the maximum allowable cylinder pressure. To avoid this, the decompression gas exchange valve 15 is opened before reaching a top dead center 23, especially at a high speed.
  • the control unit 22 shifts the decompression gas exchange valve timing to the decreasing speed in the direction of top dead center 23.
  • the maximum pressure built up of the gas 24 trapped in the cylinder 20 remains below the maximum allowable cylinder pressure.
  • the decompression gas exchange valve 15 is then opened at top dead center 23 when the pressure built up in the cylinder 20 reaches a maximum and maximum braking power can be achieved. In principle, however, the decompression gas exchange valve 15 can also be opened at an earlier point in time if a small braking power is sufficient.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a gas exchange valve actuating device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es sind bereits Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtungen, insbesondere für Brennkraftmaschinen, mit zumindest einer Befeuerungsnockenwelle, die mittels einer Befeuerungsnockenwellenverstellvorrichtung phasenverstellbar zu einer Kurbelwelle ist, und mit einer Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung, die zumindest einen Bremsnocken und zumindest ein Dekompressionsgaswechselventil umfasst, bekannt.There are already gas exchange valve actuation devices, in particular for internal combustion engines, with at least one firing camshaft which is phase adjustable by means of a firing camshaft adjusting device to a crankshaft, and with a decompression brake device comprising at least one brake cam and at least one Dekompressionsgaswechselventil known.

Die DE 195 26 463 A1 offenbart eine Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtung, insbesondere für eine Brennkraftmaschine, mit zumindest einer Befeuerungsnockenwelle und mit einer Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung, die zumindest einen Bremsnocken und zumindest ein Dekompressionsgaswechselventil umfasst. Das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil wird durch den Bremsnocken mittels einer Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung betätigt.The DE 195 26 463 A1 discloses a gas exchange valve actuation device, in particular for an internal combustion engine, with at least one firing camshaft and with a decompression brake device comprising at least one brake cam and at least one decompression gas exchange valve. The decompression gas exchange valve is actuated by the brake cam by means of a decompression brake device.

Die WO 00/61930 A offenbart eine Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtung mit zumindest einer Befeuerungsnockenwelle, wobei über einen Kipphebel ein Abgasauslassventil mit einem Auslassnocken der Befeuerungsnockenwelle verbunden ist. Eine Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung umfasst zumindest einen Bremsnocken und zumindest ein Dekompressionsgaswechselventil, wobei das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil zugleich das Abgasauslassventil bildet. Der Bremsnocken ist auf der Befeuerungsnockenwelle angeordnet. Der Bremsnocken ist über einen Bremsnockenfolger eines Bremskipphebels mit dem Bremskipphebel verbunden. Im Bremsbetrieb ist der Bremskipphebel über eine Vorrichtung mit dem Dekompressionsgaswechselventil verbunden.The WO 00/61930 A discloses a gas exchange valve operating device having at least one firing camshaft, wherein via a rocker arm, an exhaust gas outlet valve is connected to a firing camshaft exhaust cam. A decompression brake device comprises at least one brake cam and at least one decompression gas exchange valve, wherein the decompression gas exchange valve also forms the exhaust gas outlet valve. The brake cam is located on the firing camshaft. The brake cam is connected via a brake cam follower of a brake rocker arm with the brake rocker arm. In braking mode, the brake rocker arm is connected via a device with the decompression gas exchange valve.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung mit einer maximalen Bremsleistung in unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen bereitzustellen. Die Aufgabe wird jeweils gelöst durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1, wobei weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung den Unteransprüchen entnommen werden können.The invention has for its object to provide a decompression brake device with a maximum braking power in different operating conditions. The object is achieved in each case by the features of patent claim 1, wherein further embodiments of the invention can be taken from the subclaims.

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtung, insbesondere für eine Brennkraftmaschine, mit zumindest einer Befeuerungsnockenwelle, die mittels einer Befeuerungsnockenwellenverstellvorrichtung phasenverstellbar zu einer Kurbelwelle ist, und mit einer Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung, die zumindest einen Bremsnocken und zumindest ein Dekompressionsgaswechselventil umfasst.The invention is based on a gas exchange valve actuating device, in particular for an internal combustion engine, with at least one firing camshaft that is phase-adjustable by means of a firing camshaft adjusting device to a crankshaft, and with a decompression brake device comprising at least one brake cam and at least one Dekompressionsgaswechselventil.

Es wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtung eine Verstellvorrichtung umfasst, die dazu vorgesehen ist, einen Dekompressionsgaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt einzustellen. Unter einem "Dekompressionsgaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt" soll insbesondere ein auf die Kurbelwelle bezogener Zeitpunkt, insbesondere ein auf die Kurbelwelle bezogener Phasenzeitpunkt, verstanden werden, an dem das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil durch die Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung betätigt und insbesondere geöffnet wird, wobei das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil einteilig oder mehrteilig mit einem Gasauslassventil ausgeführt sein kann. Unter "vorgesehen" soll insbesondere speziell ausgestattet, ausgelegt und/oder programmiert verstanden werden. Durch einen einstellbaren Gaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt kann eine Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung mit einer maximalen Bremsleistung in unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen einfach bereitgestellt werden.It is proposed that the gas exchange valve actuating device comprises an adjusting device which is provided to set a decompression gas exchange valve actuation time. A "decompression gas exchange valve actuation time" should in particular be understood to mean a time that is related to the crankshaft, in particular a phase time point related to the crankshaft, at which the decompression gas exchange valve is actuated by the decompression brake device and in particular is opened, wherein the decompression gas exchange valve can be made in one piece or in several parts with a gas outlet valve. By "provided" is to be understood in particular specially equipped, designed and / or programmed. By an adjustable gas exchange valve timing, a decompression brake device with a maximum braking power in different operating states can be easily provided.

Weiter wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Bremsnocken auf der Befeuerungsnockenwelle angeordnet ist. Dadurch kann eine besonders einfach und kostengünstig herstellbare Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung mit einem einstellbaren Gaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt bereitgestellt werden. Grundsätzlich ist aber auch eine Anordnung des Bremsnockens auf einer Bremsnockenwelle denkbar.It is further proposed that the brake cam is arranged on the firing camshaft. As a result, it is possible to provide a decompression brake device which can be produced particularly simply and inexpensively with an adjustable gas exchange valve actuation time. In principle, however, an arrangement of the brake cam on a brake camshaft is conceivable.

Ist ferner die Verstellvorrichtung dazu vorgesehen, eine Phasenverstellung zwischen der Kurbelwelle und der Befeuerungsnockenwelle einzustellen, kann der Dekompressionsgaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt, an dem der auf der Befeuerungsnockenwelle angeordnete Bremsnocken das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil betätigt, besonders einfach eingestellt werden.Further, if the adjusting device is provided to adjust a phase adjustment between the crankshaft and the firing camshaft, the decompression gas exchange valve timing at which the brake cam disposed on the firing camshaft actuates the decompression gas exchange valve can be set particularly easily.

Weiter ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Verstellvorrichtung zumindest teilweise einstückig mit der Befeuerungsnockenwellenverstellvorrichtung ausgeführt ist. Dadurch können Material, Bauteile und Kosten eingespart werden und die Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung kann besonders kompakt ausgeführt werden.Further, it is advantageous if the adjusting device is at least partially designed in one piece with the Befeuerungsnockenwellenverstellvorrichtung. As a result, material, components and costs can be saved and the decompression brake can be made very compact.

Ferner wird eine Steuereinheit, die dazu vorgesehen ist, den Dekompressionsgaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt einzustellen, vorgeschlagen. Durch eine Steuereinheit kann die Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung besonders flexibel an verschiedene Betriebszustände angepasst werden.Further, a control unit provided to set the decompressing gas exchange valve actuation timing is proposed. By a control unit, the decompression brake can be particularly flexible adapted to different operating conditions.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Steuereinheit dazu vorgesehen, den Dekompressionsgaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt in Abhängigkeit von einer Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle einzustellen. Dadurch kann eine an den Betriebszustand angepasste Bremsleistung eingestellt werden. Insbesondere kann durch eine Einstellung in Abhängigkeit von der Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle, die insbesondere einer Drehzahl einer Brennkraftmaschine entspricht, ein zu hoher Zylinderdruck vermieden werden. Grundsätzlich ist aber auch eine Einstellung in Abhängigkeit von weiteren oder alternativen, dem Fachmann als sinnvoll erscheinenden Parametern möglich, wie beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit von einem Beladungszustand oder einem Fahrerwunsch.Advantageously, the control unit is provided to adjust the Dekompressionsgaswechselventilbetätigungs time in dependence on a speed of the crankshaft. As a result, a braking power adapted to the operating state can be set. In particular, can be avoided by setting in dependence on the speed of the crankshaft, which corresponds in particular to a speed of an internal combustion engine, too high a cylinder pressure. Basically, but also a setting in Dependence on further or alternative parameters that appear reasonable to the person skilled in the art, for example as a function of a loading state or a driver's request.

Erfolgt die Einstellung in Abhängigkeit von einer Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle, so wird insbesondere vorgeschlagen, dass der Bremsnockenwellenbetätigungszeitpunkt mit einer kleiner werdenden Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle in Richtung eines oberen Totpunkts verschoben wird. Unter einem "oberen Totpunkt" soll insbesondere eine Stellung der Kurbelwelle verstanden werden, bei der eine Bewegungsrichtung eines an der Kurbelwelle befestigten Kolbens geändert wird bzw. eine Stellung des Kolbens, an dem eine Kompression eines in einem Zylinder eingeschlossenen Gases durch den Kolben maximal ist. Durch eine derartige Einstellung kann auch in einem Betriebszustand mit einer kleinen Drehzahl ein maximales Bremsmoment bereitgestellt werden.If the adjustment is made as a function of a rotational speed of the crankshaft, it is in particular proposed that the brake camshaft actuation time is shifted in the direction of a top dead center with a decreasing rotational speed of the crankshaft. A "top dead center" should be understood in particular a position of the crankshaft, in which a direction of movement of a piston attached to the crankshaft is changed or a position of the piston at which a compression of a gas enclosed in a cylinder by the piston is maximum. By setting such a maximum braking torque can be provided even in an operating state with a low speed.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der folgenden Zeichnungsbeschreibung. In den Zeichnungen ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt. Die Beschreibung und die Ansprüche enthalten zahlreiche Merkmale in Kombination. Der Fachmann wird die Merkmale zweckmäßigerweise auch einzeln betrachten und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusammenfassen.Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawings, an embodiment of the invention is shown. The description and claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtung in geschlossenem Zustand und
Fig. 2
eine Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtung in geöffnetem Zustand an einem oberen Totpunkt einer Kurbelwelle.
Showing:
Fig. 1
a gas exchange valve actuator in the closed state and
Fig. 2
a gas exchange valve actuator in the open state at a top dead center of a crankshaft.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch eine Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Befeuerungsnockenwelle 10, die mittels einer Befeuerungsnockenwellenverstellvorrichtung 11 phasenverstellbar zu einer Kurbelwelle 12 ist. In der Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtung ist eine Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung 13 angeordnet, die einen Bremsnocken 14 und ein Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 15 umfasst. Um eine maximale Bremsleistung erzielen zu können, umfasst die Gaswechselventilbetätigungsvorrichtung eine Verstellvorrichtung 16, mittels der ein Dekompressionsgaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt, an dem das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 13 geöffnet wird, eingestellt werden kann. FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a gas exchange valve actuating device for an internal combustion engine with a firing camshaft 10, which is by means of a firing camshaft adjuster 11 phase adjustable to a crankshaft 12. In the gas exchange valve operating device, a decompression brake device 13 is arranged, which comprises a brake cam 14 and a decompression gas exchange valve 15. In order to achieve maximum braking power, the gas exchange valve actuating device comprises an adjusting device 16, by means of which a decompression gas exchange valve actuation time, where the decompression gas exchange valve 13 is opened, can be adjusted.

Der Bremsnocken 14 der Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung 13 ist auf der Befeuerungsnockenwelle 10 angeordnet. Über einen Bremsnockenfolger 17, der an einem Bremskipphebel 18 angeordnet ist, ist der Bremsnocken 14 mit dem Bremskipphebel 18 verbunden. Der Bremsnockenfolger 17 folgt der Bewegung des Bremsnockens 14, wodurch der Bremskipphebel 18 eine Schwenkbewegung ausführt. In einem Bremsbetrieb, in dem die Dekompressionsbremsvorrichtung 13 aktiviert ist, wird der Bremskipphebel 18 über eine geeignete Vorrichtung 27 mit dem Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 15 verbunden und das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 15 wird durch die Schwenkbewegung des Bremskipphebels 18 geöffnet (Figur 2).The brake cam 14 of the decompression brake device 13 is disposed on the firing camshaft 10. Via a brake cam follower 17, which is arranged on a brake rocker arm 18, the brake cam 14 is connected to the brake rocker arm 18. The brake cam follower 17 follows the movement of the brake cam 14, whereby the brake rocker arm 18 performs a pivoting movement. In a braking operation in which the decompression brake device 13 is activated, the brake rocker arm 18 is connected to the Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 15 via a suitable device 27 and the decompression gas exchange valve 15 is opened by the pivoting movement of the brake rocker arm 18 ( FIG. 2 ).

Über einen weiteren Kipphebel 26 ist das Dekompressionsgaswechseiventil 15, das zugleich ein Abgasauslassventil für einen Befeuerungsbetrieb bildet, mit einem Auslassnocken 19 verbunden. Der Kipphebel 26 folgt über einen Nockenfolger 25 den Bewegungen des Auslassnockens 19. Durch den Auslassnocken 19 und den Kipphebel 26 wird insbesondere in einem Befeuerungsbetrieb das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 15, das dann das Abgasauslassventil bildet, geöffnet.The decompression gas exchange valve 15, which at the same time forms an exhaust gas outlet valve for a firing operation, is connected to an exhaust cam 19 via a further rocker arm 26. The rocker arm 26 follows the movements of the exhaust cam 19 via a cam follower 25. The exhaust cam 19 and the rocker arm 26, in particular in a firing operation, open the decompression gas exchange valve 15, which then forms the exhaust gas outlet valve.

Die Verstellvorrichtung 16, die den Dekompressionsgaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt einstellt, ist, da der Bremsnocken 14 auf der Befeuerungsnockenwelle 10 angeordnet ist, vorteilhafterweise einteilig mit der Befeuerungsnockenwellenverstellvorrichtung 11 ausgeführt.The adjusting device 16, which sets the decompression gas exchange valve timing, since the brake cam 14 is disposed on the firing camshaft 10 is advantageously carried out in one piece with the firing camshaft adjuster 11.

Insbesondere im Bremsbetrieb wird das in einem Zylinder 20 eingeschlossene Gas 24 durch eine Bewegung eines Kolbens 21 komprimiert und ein Druck wird aufgebaut. Ein maximal aufgebauter Druck des in dem Zylinder 20 eingeschlossenen Gases 24, der erreicht wird, wenn das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 15 geschlossen bleibt, steigt insbesondere mit einer größer werdenden Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle 12 an. Die Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle 12 entspricht insbesondere einer Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine.In particular, in the braking operation, the gas 24 enclosed in a cylinder 20 is compressed by a movement of a piston 21 and a pressure is built up. A maximum built-up pressure of the gas 24 enclosed in the cylinder 20, which is reached when the decompression gas exchange valve 15 remains closed, increases in particular with an increasing rotational speed of the crankshaft 12. The rotational speed of the crankshaft 12 corresponds in particular to a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine.

Eine Energie, die zu einer Kompression des Gases 24 aufgewendet wird, hängt insbesondere von dem in dem Zylinder 20 aufgebauten Druck ab. Durch das Öffnen des Dekompressionsgaswechselventils 15 wird die aufgewendete Energie insbesondere als eine Wärmeenergie abgeführt und es entsteht eine Bremswirkung.An energy that is expended to compress the gas 24 depends, in particular, on the pressure built up in the cylinder 20. By opening the Dekompressionsgaswechselventils 15, the energy used is dissipated in particular as a heat energy and there is a braking effect.

Mittels einer Steuereinheit 22 wird über einen Phasenwinkel zwischen der Kurbelwelle 12 und der Befeuerungsnockenwelle 10 ein Dekompressionsgaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt eingestellt, an dem das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 15 geöffnet wird. Der in dem Zylinder 20 aufgebaute Druck bleibt immer kleiner oder gleich wie ein maximal zulässiger Zylinderdruck. Zur Einstellung des Phasenwinkels wird die Befeuerungsnockenwelle 10 durch die Verstellvorrichtung 16 gegen die Kurbelwelle 12 verdreht.By means of a control unit 22, a decompression gas exchange valve actuation time is set via a phase angle between the crankshaft 12 and the firing camshaft 10 at which the decompression gas exchange valve 15 is opened. The pressure built up in the cylinder 20 is always less than or equal to a maximum allowable cylinder pressure. To adjust the phase angle, the firing camshaft 10 is rotated by the adjusting device 16 against the crankshaft 12.

Bei einer hohen Drehzahl wird der Druck in dem Zylinder 20 schneller aufgebaut als bei einer niedrigen Drehzahl. Da der aufgebaute Druck bei einer hohen Drehzahl größer ist als bei einer niedrigen Drehzahl, kann insbesondere bei einer hohen Drehzahl der in dem Zylinder 20 aufgebaute Druck den maximal zulässigen Zylinderdruck überschreiten. Um das zu vermeiden, wird insbesondere bei einer hohen Drehzahl das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 15 vor Erreichen eines oberen Totpunkts 23 geöffnet.At a high speed, the pressure in the cylinder 20 is built up faster than at a low speed. Since the built-up pressure at a high speed is greater than at a low speed, especially at a high speed of the pressure built up in the cylinder 20 may exceed the maximum allowable cylinder pressure. To avoid this, the decompression gas exchange valve 15 is opened before reaching a top dead center 23, especially at a high speed.

Bei einer niedrigen Drehzahl wird der Druck in dem Zylinder 20 langsam aufgebaut und der maximal zulässige Zylinderdruck wird später erreicht. Um eine maximale Bremsleistung zu erzielen, verschiebt die Steuereinheit 22 den Dekompressionsgaswechselventilbetätigungszeitpunkt mit kleiner werdender Drehzahl in Richtung des oberen Totpunkts 23. Bei einer sehr kleinen Drehzahl bleibt der maximal aufgebaute Druck des in dem Zylinder 20 eingeschlossenen Gases 24 unterhalb des maximal zulässigen Zylinderdrucks. Das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 15 wird dann am oberen Totpunkt 23 geöffnet, wenn der in dem Zylinder 20 aufgebaute Druck ein Maximum erreicht und eine maximale Bremsleistung erzielt werden kann. Grundsätzlich kann das Dekompressionsgaswechselventil 15 aber auch zu einem früheren Zeitpunkt geöffnet werden, wenn eine kleine Bremsleistung ausreichend ist.At a low speed, the pressure in the cylinder 20 is built up slowly and the maximum allowable cylinder pressure is reached later. In order to achieve maximum braking power, the control unit 22 shifts the decompression gas exchange valve timing to the decreasing speed in the direction of top dead center 23. At a very low speed, the maximum pressure built up of the gas 24 trapped in the cylinder 20 remains below the maximum allowable cylinder pressure. The decompression gas exchange valve 15 is then opened at top dead center 23 when the pressure built up in the cylinder 20 reaches a maximum and maximum braking power can be achieved. In principle, however, the decompression gas exchange valve 15 can also be opened at an earlier point in time if a small braking power is sufficient.

Claims (3)

  1. Method for a gas exchange valve actuating device, in particular for an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one firing camshaft (10) and a crankshaft (12), wherein an exhaust gas outlet valve is connected to an exhaust cam (19) of the firing camshaft (10) via a rocker arm (26), and further comprising a decompression braking device (13) having at least one brake cam (14) and at least one decompression gas exchange valve (15), wherein the decompression gas exchange valve (15) at the same time forms the exhaust gas outlet valve and wherein the brake cam (14) is located on the firing camshaft (10) and the brake cam (14) is connected to a brake rocker arm (18) via a brake cam follower (17) of the brake rocker arm (18) and in the braking mode the brake rocker arm (18) is connected to the decompression gas exchange valve (15) via a device (27),
    characterised in that
    a decompression gas exchange valve actuating time at which the decompression gas exchange valve (15) is opened is adjusted by way of a phase angle between the firing camshaft (10) and the crankshaft (12), and in that, for the adjustment of the phase angle, the firing camshaft (10) is rotated against the crankshaft (12) by means of an adjustment device (16).
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the decompression gas exchange valve actuating time is adjusted as a function of a speed of the crankshaft (12).
  3. Method according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the decompression gas exchange valve actuating time is shifted towards a top dead centre (23) as the speed of the crankshaft (12) decreases.
EP08801530.0A 2007-08-11 2008-08-07 Valve train actuating device Active EP2173977B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007038078A DE102007038078A1 (en) 2007-08-11 2007-08-11 Gas exchange valve actuating device
PCT/EP2008/006487 WO2009021666A1 (en) 2007-08-11 2008-08-07 Valve train actuating device

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EP2173977A1 EP2173977A1 (en) 2010-04-14
EP2173977B1 true EP2173977B1 (en) 2017-03-01

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EP08801530.0A Active EP2173977B1 (en) 2007-08-11 2008-08-07 Valve train actuating device

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US (1) US8230837B2 (en)
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JP (1) JP5335792B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101784758B (en)
DE (1) DE102007038078A1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2009021666A1 (en)

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CN101784758B (en) 2012-07-04
JP2010535981A (en) 2010-11-25
DE102007038078A1 (en) 2009-02-12
CN101784758A (en) 2010-07-21
RU2445472C2 (en) 2012-03-20
EP2173977A1 (en) 2010-04-14
WO2009021666A1 (en) 2009-02-19
US8230837B2 (en) 2012-07-31
JP5335792B2 (en) 2013-11-06
US20100180860A1 (en) 2010-07-22
RU2010108417A (en) 2011-09-20

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