EP2172645B1 - Starting device - Google Patents

Starting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2172645B1
EP2172645B1 EP09167909.2A EP09167909A EP2172645B1 EP 2172645 B1 EP2172645 B1 EP 2172645B1 EP 09167909 A EP09167909 A EP 09167909A EP 2172645 B1 EP2172645 B1 EP 2172645B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive shaft
bearing
ring
starting
pinion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09167909.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2172645A2 (en
EP2172645A3 (en
Inventor
Thomas Botzenhard
Stephan Kaske
Gregor Niesmann
Bernd Reinholtz
Roman Pirsch
Lothar Schwarze
Walter Gerschwitz
Klaus Mundhenke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SEG Automotive Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2172645A2 publication Critical patent/EP2172645A2/en
Publication of EP2172645A3 publication Critical patent/EP2172645A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F02N15/023—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the overrunning type

Definitions

  • a starting device known which is designed as a so-called freely ejecting starter.
  • Freely ejected means that the pinion, which is intended to be meshed in the ring gear of an internal combustion engine, only at one end or only on one axial side of the pinion is stored (flying storage).
  • a starter pinion is shown, which is mounted on a drive shaft such that a torque can be transmitted between the drive shaft and starter pinion.
  • the starter pinion on the drive shaft is axially displaceable between two defined end positions.
  • the Andrehritzel is slightly sprung in the context of this displacement, so that when striking the Andrehritzels on the sprocket does not affect the whole mass inertia of the freewheel, the drive shaft and the pinion on the sprocket, but to a significantly reduced extent effectively only part of it.
  • the starting pinion appears to the skilled person in the embodiment disclosed here by means of a snap ring (snap ring) secured, which is secured by a sleeve-like, the snap ring on its outer side engaging portion against expansion under centrifugal load.
  • the disadvantage of this solution is that it requires an unnecessarily long drive shaft. This leads to unnecessarily high masses and thus to higher impact forces on the ring gear, as absolutely necessary.
  • the US 2002/0096000 A1 shows such a structure in which a retaining ring is held by a sleeve-like stopper.
  • a starting device with a drive end shield in which a bearing is mounted, with a drive shaft, wherein the bearing in the bearing plate, the drive shaft is supported at least indirectly, with a starter pinion, which is mounted on the drive shaft such that from the drive shaft to the starter pinion a torque is transferable, wherein the starting pinion has an end face and a locking ring is arranged stationary on the drive shaft.
  • a stop ring engages over the retaining ring by means of an integrally molded collar. The collar of the stop ring is plastically deformed. This has the advantage that it is not a hardened stop ring is used, as has been the case, but a component which allows plastic deformation. Although hardened stop rings allow the absorption of high loads, but are very expensive.
  • the collar has at least one plastic deformation on its circumference.
  • the plastic deformation has an undercut between a seat portion of the stop ring and, which substantially prevents axial displacement of the stop ring.
  • the circlip is a snap ring.
  • a starter 10 is shown.
  • This starting device 10 has, for example, a starter motor 13 and an engagement relay 16.
  • the starter motor 13 and the engagement relay 16 are attached to a common drive bearing plate 19.
  • the starter motor 13 is functionally to drive a starter pinion 22 when it is meshed in the ring gear 25 of the internal combustion engine, not shown here.
  • the starter motor 13 has a housing as a pole tube 28 which carries on its inner circumference pole pieces 31, which are each wrapped by a field winding 34 (electrical exciter system). Instead of such an electrical exciter system, a permanent magnet can also be used.
  • a field winding 34 electrical exciter system
  • the pole shoes 31 in turn surround an armature 37, which has an armature packet 43 constructed from fins 40 and an armature winding 49 arranged in grooves 46.
  • the armature package 43 is pressed onto a drive shaft 44.
  • a commutator 52 is further attached, the u. a. composed of individual commutator fins 55.
  • the commutator bars 55 are so electrically connected in a known manner with the armature winding 49, that upon energization of the commutator fins 55 by carbon brushes 58, a rotational movement of the armature 37 in the pole tube 28 results.
  • a arranged between the Einspurrelais 16 and the starter motor 13 power supply 61 supplies in the ON state both the carbon brushes 58 and the field winding 34 with power.
  • the drive shaft 44 is commutator side supported with a shaft journal 64 in a sliding bearing 67, which in turn is held stationary in a commutator bearing cover 70.
  • the commutator cover 70 in turn is fastened by means of tie rods 73, which are distributed over the circumference of the pole tube 28 (screws, for example, two, three or four pieces) in the drive end plate 19. It supports the pole tube 28 on the drive bearing plate 19, and the commutator bearing cover 70 on the pole tube 28.
  • a so-called sun gear 80 connects to the armature 37, which is part of a planetary gear 83.
  • the sun gear 80 is surrounded by a plurality of planet wheels 86, usually three planet wheels 86, which are supported by means of roller bearings 89 on journals 92.
  • the planet gears 86 roll in a ring gear 95, which is mounted outside in the pole tube 28.
  • the planet wheels 86 are adjoined by a planetary carrier 98, in which the axle journals 92 are accommodated.
  • the planet carrier 98 is in turn stored in an intermediate storage 101 and a slide bearing 104 arranged therein.
  • the intermediate bearing 101 is designed cup-shaped, that in this both the planet carrier 98, and the planet wheels 86 are added.
  • the ring gear 95 is arranged in the cup-shaped intermediate bearing 101, which is ultimately closed by a cover 107 relative to the armature 37.
  • the intermediate bearing 101 is supported with its outer circumference on the inside of the pole tube 28.
  • the armature 37 has on the end facing away from the commutator 52 end of the drive shaft 44 has a further shaft journal 110, which is also received in a sliding bearing 113, from.
  • the sliding bearing 113 in turn is received in a central bore of the planet carrier 98.
  • the planetary carrier 98 is integrally connected to the output shaft 116.
  • This output shaft 116 is supported with its end 119 facing away from the intermediate bearing 101 in a further bearing 122 which is fixed in the drive bearing plate 19.
  • the bearing 122 supports the drive shaft 44 indirectly via the output shaft 116th
  • the output shaft 116 is divided into various sections.
  • the section which is arranged in the sliding bearing 104 of the intermediate bearing 101 a portion with a so-called spur toothing 125 (internal teeth), which is part of a so-called shaft-hub connection.
  • This shaft-hub connection 128 in this case allows the axially rectilinear sliding of a driver 131.
  • This driver 131 is a sleeve-like extension which is integral with a cup-shaped outer ring 132 of the freewheel 137.
  • This freewheel 137 (Richtgesperre) further consists of the inner ring 140 which is disposed radially within the outer ring 132. Between the inner ring 140 and the outer ring 132 clamping body 138 are arranged.
  • clamp bodies 138 in cooperation with the inner and outer rings, prevent relative rotation between the outer ring and the inner ring in a second direction.
  • the freewheel 137 allows a relative movement between inner ring 140 and outer ring 132 in one direction only.
  • the inner ring 140 at its end facing away from the freewheel 137 end a shaft-hub connection 141, for example.
  • the push-in relay 16 has a bolt 150, which is an electrical contact and which is connected to the positive pole of an electric starter battery, which is not shown here.
  • This bolt 150 is passed through a relay cover 153.
  • This relay cover 153 terminates a relay housing 156, which is fastened by means of a plurality of fastening elements 159 (screws) on the drive end plate 19.
  • a pull-in winding 162 and a so-called holding winding 165 is further arranged.
  • the pull-in winding 162 and the holding winding 165 each cause an electromagnetic field in the switched-on state, which flows through both the relay housing 156 (made of electromagnetically conductive material), a linearly movable armature 168 and an armature return 171.
  • the armature 168 carries a push rod 174, which is moved in the direction of linear retraction of the armature 168 in the direction of a switching pin 177. With this movement of the push rod 174 to the switching pin 177 this is moved from its rest position in the direction of two contacts 180 and 181, so that attached to the contacts 180 and 181 end of the switching pin 177 contact bridge 184 connects both contacts 180 and 181 electrically. As a result, electrical power is conducted from the bolt 150 across the contact bridge 184 to the power supply 61 and thus to the carbon brushes 58.
  • the starter motor 13 is energized.
  • the engagement relay 16 or the armature 168 also has the task, with a tension member 187 to move the drive bearing plate 19 rotatably arranged lever.
  • This lever 190 usually designed as a fork lever, surrounds with two "tines" not shown here on its outer circumference two discs 193 and 194 to move a trapped between these driver ring 197 for freewheel 137 towards the resistance of the spring 200 and thereby the starter pinion 22 technicallyspuren in the ring gear 25.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial longitudinal section of a freely ejecting starter.
  • This has a bearing plate 19, in which a bearing 122 is used, which is designed for example as a roller bearing possibly in a special form as a needle bearing. However, this can also be designed as a sliding bearing or as a ball bearing.
  • the starter pinion 22 In both embodiments according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 sits on the drive shaft 142, the starter pinion 22.
  • the drive shaft 142 on its outer circumference on a shaft-hub connection 141, which allows the transmission of torque from the inner ring 140 to the starter pinion 22.
  • the starter pinion 22 has a bore which has a wedge or serration on its inner circumference, and which engages in a corresponding counterpart on the drive shaft 142.
  • the portion of the shaft-hub connection on the drive shaft is at 143, and the portion of the shaft-hub connection in the pinion is designated 144.
  • the starter pinion 22 is supported on an end face 145 which is directed in the direction of the freewheel 137, by means of a spring element 146, here in the form of a disk disk, on a non-descript collar of the drive shaft 142 from.
  • FIG. 2 The starter pinion 22 has a further end face 203, which is arranged on the other axial side of the Andrehritzels 22 and is accordingly remote from the freewheel 137.
  • a recess 206 is introduced, according to FIG. 2 is designed as a hollow cylinder.
  • This recess 206 engages over a locking ring 209, which is designed here as a snap ring.
  • This circlip 209 is seated in a circumferential groove 212, which is introduced in the circumferential direction in the drive shaft 142.
  • a stop ring 218 is further introduced, which engages over the retaining ring 209 by means of an integrally molded collar 220.
  • a starting device 10 is provided with a drive bearing plate 19, in which a bearing 122 is fixed, with a drive shaft 142, the bearing 122 in the bearing plate 19, the drive shaft 142 at least indirectly supports, with a starter pinion 22, which on the drive shaft 142 such is fastened, that from the drive shaft 142 to the starter pinion 22, a torque is transferable, wherein the starter pinion 22 has an end face 203 and a stop ring 218 is fixedly arranged on the drive shaft 142. It is provided that the starting pinion 22 on the end face 203 has a recess 206 in which the stop ring 218 is arranged, which prevents an inadmissible spreading of the securing ring 209.
  • the locking ring 209 secures the starter pinion 22 against slipping off the drive shaft 142nd
  • the stop ring 218 has an annular seat portion 226 through which the stop ring 218 is centered on the drive shaft 142. From a radially further outer point of the stop ring 218, a collar 220 protrudes in the axial direction from the starting pinion 22, which engages over the securing ring 209. Beyond the securing ring 209, the collar 220 has a plastic deformation 223. By this deformation 223, an undercut 240 is formed between the seat portion 226 of the stopper ring 218 and the plastic deformation 223. The stop ring 218 engages around the locking ring 209 and thus prevents a radial expansion of the locking ring 209 and thereby an axial displacement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus der DE 10 2005 035 655 A1 ist eine Startvorrichtung bekannt, die als sogenannter frei ausstoßender Starter ausgeführt ist. "Frei ausstoßend" bedeutet, dass das Ritzel, welches dazu vorgesehen ist in den Zahnkranz einer Brennkraftmaschine eingespurt zu werden, nur an einem Ende bzw. nur an einer axialen Seite des Ritzels gelagert ist (fliegende Lagerung). Bei dem dort offenbarten Gegenstand ist ein Andrehritzel gezeigt, das auf einer Antriebswelle derartig befestigt ist, dass zwischen Antriebswelle und Andrehritzel ein Drehmoment übertragen werden kann. Darüber hinaus ist das Andrehritzel auf der Antriebswelle axial zwischen zwei definierten Endpositionen verschiebbar. Zudem ist im Rahmen dieser Verschiebbarkeit das Andrehritzel leicht gefedert ausgeführt, so dass beim Anschlagen des Andrehritzels am Zahnkranz nicht die ganze Massenträgheitskraft des Freilaufs, der Antriebswelle und des Ritzels am Zahnkranz wirkt, sondern im deutlich verringerten Maße effektiv nur ein Teil davon.From the DE 10 2005 035 655 A1 is a starting device known, which is designed as a so-called freely ejecting starter. "Freely ejected" means that the pinion, which is intended to be meshed in the ring gear of an internal combustion engine, only at one end or only on one axial side of the pinion is stored (flying storage). In the case disclosed there, a starter pinion is shown, which is mounted on a drive shaft such that a torque can be transmitted between the drive shaft and starter pinion. In addition, the starter pinion on the drive shaft is axially displaceable between two defined end positions. In addition, the Andrehritzel is slightly sprung in the context of this displacement, so that when striking the Andrehritzels on the sprocket does not affect the whole mass inertia of the freewheel, the drive shaft and the pinion on the sprocket, but to a significantly reduced extent effectively only part of it.

Das Andrehritzel erscheint dem Fachmann bei der hier offenbarten Ausführung mittels eines Sicherungsrings (Sprengring) gesichert, der durch einen hülsenartigen, den Sprengring auf seiner Außenseite umgreifenden Abschnitt gegen Aufweiten unter Zentrifugallast gesichert ist. Nachteilig ist bei dieser Lösung, dass diese eine unnötig lange Antriebswelle erfordert. Dies führt zu unnötig hohen Massen und damit zu höheren Anschlagkräften am Zahnkranz, als unbedingt erforderlich. Auch die US 2002/0096000 A1 zeigt einen solchen Aufbau, in dem ein Sicherungsring von einem hülsenartigen Stopper gehalten wird.The starting pinion appears to the skilled person in the embodiment disclosed here by means of a snap ring (snap ring) secured, which is secured by a sleeve-like, the snap ring on its outer side engaging portion against expansion under centrifugal load. The disadvantage of this solution is that it requires an unnecessarily long drive shaft. This leads to unnecessarily high masses and thus to higher impact forces on the ring gear, as absolutely necessary. Also the US 2002/0096000 A1 shows such a structure in which a retaining ring is held by a sleeve-like stopper.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Es wird eine Startvorrichtung mit einem Antriebslagerschild vorgeschlagen, in dem ein Lager befestigt ist, mit einer Antriebswelle, wobei das Lager im Lagerschild die Antriebswelle zumindest mittelbar stützt, mit einem Andrehritzel, welches auf der Antriebswelle derart befestigt ist, dass von der Antriebswelle auf das Andrehritzel ein Drehmoment übertragbar ist, wobei das Andrehritzel eine Stirnseite aufweist und ein Sicherungsring auf der Antriebswelle ortsfest angeordnet ist. Ein Anschlagring übergreift mittels eines einstückig angeformten Kragens den Sicherungsring. Der Kragen des Anschlagrings ist plastisch verformt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass nicht ein gehärteter Anschlagring verwendet wird, wie es bisher der Fall ist, sondern ein Bauteil, welches eine plastische Verformung erlaubt. Gehärtete Anschlagringe ermöglichen zwar die Aufnahme hoher Lasten, sind aber sehr kostspielig.It is proposed a starting device with a drive end shield, in which a bearing is mounted, with a drive shaft, wherein the bearing in the bearing plate, the drive shaft is supported at least indirectly, with a starter pinion, which is mounted on the drive shaft such that from the drive shaft to the starter pinion a torque is transferable, wherein the starting pinion has an end face and a locking ring is arranged stationary on the drive shaft. A stop ring engages over the retaining ring by means of an integrally molded collar. The collar of the stop ring is plastically deformed. This has the advantage that it is not a hardened stop ring is used, as has been the case, but a component which allows plastic deformation. Although hardened stop rings allow the absorption of high loads, but are very expensive.

Der Kragen weist an seinem Umfang zumindest eine plastische Verformung auf.The collar has at least one plastic deformation on its circumference.

Es ist vorgesehen, dass die plastische Verformung einen Hinterschnitt zwischen einem Sitzabschnitt des Anschlagrings und sich aufweist, die eine axiale Verschiebung des Anschlagrings im wesentlichen verhindert.It is envisaged that the plastic deformation has an undercut between a seat portion of the stop ring and, which substantially prevents axial displacement of the stop ring.

Der Sicherungsring ist ein Sprengring.The circlip is a snap ring.

Kurze Beschreibungen der ZeichnungenShort descriptions of the drawings

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden beispielhaft anhand der Figuren näher erläutert:

  • Figur 1 zeigt eine Startvorrichtung in einem Längsschnitt, wobei die Startvorrichtung ein sogenannter Maulstarter ist, d. h. das Antriebslagerschild übergreift maulartig das Andrehritzel,
  • Figur 2 zeigt Ausschnittweise ein Ende eines sogenannten frei ausstoßenden Starters in einem Längsschnitt.
The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to the figures:
  • FIG. 1 shows a starting device in a longitudinal section, wherein the starting device is a so-called Maulstarter, ie the drive end plate engages over the mouth, the starting pinion,
  • FIG. 2 Section shows one end of a so-called free-launching starter in a longitudinal section.

Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention

In der Figur 1 ist eine Startvorrichtung 10 dargestellt. Diese Startvorrichtung 10 weist beispielsweise einen Startermotor 13 und ein Einrückrelais 16 auf. Der Startermotor 13 und das Einrückrelais 16 sind an einem gemeinsamen Antriebslagerschild 19 befestigt. Der Startermotor 13 dient funktionell dazu, ein Andrehritzel 22 anzutreiben, wenn es im Zahnkranz 25 der hier nicht dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine eingespurt ist.In the FIG. 1 a starter 10 is shown. This starting device 10 has, for example, a starter motor 13 and an engagement relay 16. The starter motor 13 and the engagement relay 16 are attached to a common drive bearing plate 19. The starter motor 13 is functionally to drive a starter pinion 22 when it is meshed in the ring gear 25 of the internal combustion engine, not shown here.

Der Startermotor 13 weist als Gehäuse ein Polrohr 28 auf, das an seinem Innenumfang Polschuhe 31 trägt, die jeweils von einer Erregerwicklung 34 umwickelt sind (elektrisches Erregersystem). Statt eines solchen elektrischen Erregersystemns kann auch ein permanentmagnetisches verwendet werden.The starter motor 13 has a housing as a pole tube 28 which carries on its inner circumference pole pieces 31, which are each wrapped by a field winding 34 (electrical exciter system). Instead of such an electrical exciter system, a permanent magnet can also be used.

Die Polschuhe 31 umgeben wiederum einen Anker 37, der ein aus Lamellen 40 aufgebautes Ankerpaket 43 und eine in Nuten 46 angeordnete Ankerwicklung 49 aufweist. Das Ankerpaket 43 ist auf eine Antriebswelle 44 aufgepresst. An dem Andrehritzel 22 abgewandten Ende der Antriebswelle 44 ist des weiteren ein Kommutator 52 angebracht, der u. a. aus einzelnen Kommutatorlamellen 55 aufgebaut ist. Die Kommutatorlamellen 55 sind in bekannter Weise mit der Ankerwicklung 49 derartig elektrisch verbunden, dass sich bei Bestromung der Kommutatorlamellen 55 durch Kohlebürsten 58 eine Drehbewegung des Ankers 37 im Polrohr 28 ergibt. Eine zwischen dem Einspurrelais 16 und dem Startermotor 13 angeordnete Stromzuführung 61 versorgt im Einschaltzustand sowohl die Kohlebürsten 58 als auch die Erregerwicklung 34 mit Strom. Die Antriebswelle 44 ist kommutatorseitig mit einem Wellenzapfen 64 in einem Gleitlager 67 abgestützt, welches wiederum in einem Kommutatorlagerdeckel 70 ortsfest gehalten ist. Der Kommutatordeckel 70 wiederum wird mittels Zuganker 73, die über den Umfang des Polrohrs 28 verteilt angeordnet sind (Schrauben, beispielsweise zwei, drei oder vier Stück) im Antriebslagerschild 19 befestigt. Es stützt sich dabei das Polrohr 28 am Antriebslagerschild 19 ab, und der Kommutatorlagerdeckel 70 am Polrohr 28.The pole shoes 31 in turn surround an armature 37, which has an armature packet 43 constructed from fins 40 and an armature winding 49 arranged in grooves 46. The armature package 43 is pressed onto a drive shaft 44. At the starter pinion 22 remote from the end of the drive shaft 44, a commutator 52 is further attached, the u. a. composed of individual commutator fins 55. The commutator bars 55 are so electrically connected in a known manner with the armature winding 49, that upon energization of the commutator fins 55 by carbon brushes 58, a rotational movement of the armature 37 in the pole tube 28 results. A arranged between the Einspurrelais 16 and the starter motor 13 power supply 61 supplies in the ON state both the carbon brushes 58 and the field winding 34 with power. The drive shaft 44 is commutator side supported with a shaft journal 64 in a sliding bearing 67, which in turn is held stationary in a commutator bearing cover 70. The commutator cover 70 in turn is fastened by means of tie rods 73, which are distributed over the circumference of the pole tube 28 (screws, for example, two, three or four pieces) in the drive end plate 19. It supports the pole tube 28 on the drive bearing plate 19, and the commutator bearing cover 70 on the pole tube 28.

In Antriebsrichtung schließt sich an den Anker 37 ein sogenanntes Sonnenrad 80 an, das Teil eines Planetengetriebes 83 ist. Das Sonnenrad 80 ist von mehreren Planetenrädern 86 umgeben, üblicherweise drei Planetenräder 86, die mittels Wälzlager 89 auf Achszapfen 92 abgestützt sind. Die Planetenräder 86 wälzen in einem Hohlrad 95 ab, das im Polrohr 28 außenseitig gelagert ist. In Richtung zur Abtriebsseite schließt sich an die Planetenräder 86 ein Planetenträger 98 an, in dem die Achszapfen 92 aufgenommen sind. Der Planetenträger 98 wird wiederum in einem Zwischenlager 101 und einem darin angeordneten Gleitlager 104 gelagert. Das Zwischenlager 101 ist derartig topfförmig gestaltet, dass in diesem sowohl der Planetenträger 98, als auch die Planetenräder 86 aufgenommen sind. Des Weiteren ist im topfförmigen Zwischenlager 101 das Hohlrad 95 angeordnet, das letztlich durch einen Deckel 107 gegenüber dem Anker 37 geschlossen ist. Auch das Zwischenlager 101 stützt sich mit seinem Außenumfang an der Innenseite des Polrohrs 28 ab. Der Anker 37 weist auf dem vom Kommutator 52 abgewandten Ende der Antriebswelle 44 einen weiteren Wellenzapfen 110 auf, der ebenfalls in einem Gleitlager 113 aufgenommen ist, ab. Das Gleitlager 113 wiederum ist in einer zentralen Bohrung des Planetenträgers 98 aufgenommen. Der Planetenträger 98 ist einstückig mit der Abtriebswelle 116 verbunden. Diese Abtriebswelle 116 ist mit ihrem vom Zwischenlager 101 abgewandten Ende 119 in einem weiteren Lager 122, welches im Antriebslagerschild 19 befestigt ist, abgestützt. Das Lager 122 stützt dabei die Antriebswelle 44 mittelbar über die Abtriebswelle 116.In the drive direction, a so-called sun gear 80 connects to the armature 37, which is part of a planetary gear 83. The sun gear 80 is surrounded by a plurality of planet wheels 86, usually three planet wheels 86, which are supported by means of roller bearings 89 on journals 92. The planet gears 86 roll in a ring gear 95, which is mounted outside in the pole tube 28. Towards the output side, the planet wheels 86 are adjoined by a planetary carrier 98, in which the axle journals 92 are accommodated. The planet carrier 98 is in turn stored in an intermediate storage 101 and a slide bearing 104 arranged therein. The intermediate bearing 101 is designed cup-shaped, that in this both the planet carrier 98, and the planet wheels 86 are added. Furthermore, the ring gear 95 is arranged in the cup-shaped intermediate bearing 101, which is ultimately closed by a cover 107 relative to the armature 37. Also, the intermediate bearing 101 is supported with its outer circumference on the inside of the pole tube 28. The armature 37 has on the end facing away from the commutator 52 end of the drive shaft 44 has a further shaft journal 110, which is also received in a sliding bearing 113, from. The sliding bearing 113 in turn is received in a central bore of the planet carrier 98. The planetary carrier 98 is integrally connected to the output shaft 116. This output shaft 116 is supported with its end 119 facing away from the intermediate bearing 101 in a further bearing 122 which is fixed in the drive bearing plate 19. The bearing 122 supports the drive shaft 44 indirectly via the output shaft 116th

Die Abtriebswelle 116 ist in verschiedene Abschnitte aufgeteilt: So folgt dem Abschnitt, der im Gleitlager 104 des Zwischenlagers 101 angeordnet ist, ein Abschnitt mit einer sogenannten Geradverzahnung 125 (Innenverzahnung), die Teil einer sogenannten Wellen-Nabe-Verbindung ist. Diese Wellen-Nabe-Verbindung 128 ermöglicht in diesem Fall das axial geradlinige Gleiten eines Mitnehmers 131. Dieser Mitnehmer 131 ist ein hülsenartiger Fortsatz, der einstückig mit einem topfförmigen Außenring 132 des Freilaufs 137 ist. Dieser Freilauf 137 (Richtgesperre) besteht des Weiteren aus dem Innenring 140, der radial innerhalb des Außenrings 132 angeordnet ist. Zwischen dem Innenring 140 und dem Außenring 132 sind Klemmkörper 138 angeordnet. Diese Klemmkörper 138 verhindern in Zusammenwirkung mit dem Innen- und dem Außenring eine Relativdrehung zwischen dem Außenring und dem Innenring in einer zweiten Richtung. Mit anderen Worten: Der Freilauf 137 ermöglicht eine Relativbewegung zwischen Innenring 140 und Außenring 132 nur in eine Richtung. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel weist der Innenring 140 an seinem vom Freilauf 137 wegweisenden Ende eine Wellen-Nabe-Verbindung 141, bspw. eine Keil- oder Kerbverzahnung, auf, die das Übertragen eines Drehmoments vom Innenring 140 auf das Andrehritzel 22 ermöglicht.The output shaft 116 is divided into various sections. Thus, the section which is arranged in the sliding bearing 104 of the intermediate bearing 101, a portion with a so-called spur toothing 125 (internal teeth), which is part of a so-called shaft-hub connection. This shaft-hub connection 128 in this case allows the axially rectilinear sliding of a driver 131. This driver 131 is a sleeve-like extension which is integral with a cup-shaped outer ring 132 of the freewheel 137. This freewheel 137 (Richtgesperre) further consists of the inner ring 140 which is disposed radially within the outer ring 132. Between the inner ring 140 and the outer ring 132 clamping body 138 are arranged. These clamp bodies 138, in cooperation with the inner and outer rings, prevent relative rotation between the outer ring and the inner ring in a second direction. In other words, the freewheel 137 allows a relative movement between inner ring 140 and outer ring 132 in one direction only. In this embodiment, the inner ring 140 at its end facing away from the freewheel 137 end a shaft-hub connection 141, for example. A Wedge or serration, on, which allows the transmission of torque from the inner ring 140 to the starter pinion 22.

Der Vollständigkeit halber sei hier noch auf den Einspurmechanismus eingegangen. Das Eindrückrelais 16 weist einen Bolzen 150 auf, der ein elektrischer Kontakt ist und der an den Pluspol einer elektrischen Starterbatterie, die hier nicht dargestellt ist, angeschlossen ist. Dieser Bolzen 150 ist durch einen Relaisdeckel 153 hindurchgeführt. Dieser Relaisdeckel 153 schließt ein Relaisgehäuse 156 ab, das mittels mehrerer Befestigungselemente 159 (Schrauben) am Antriebslagerschild 19 befestigt ist. Im Einrückrelais 16 ist weiterhin eine Einzugswicklung 162 und eine sogenannte Haltewicklung 165 angeordnet. Die Einzugswicklung 162 und die Haltewicklung 165 bewirken beide jeweils im eingeschalteten Zustand ein elektromagnetisches Feld, welches sowohl das Relaisgehäuse 156 (aus elektromagnetisch leitfähigem Material), einen linear beweglichen Anker 168 und einen Ankerrückschluss 171 durchströmt. Der Anker 168 trägt eine Schubstange 174, die beim linearen Einzug des Ankers 168 in Richtung zu einem Schaltbolzen 177 bewegt wird. Mit dieser Bewegung der Schubstange 174 zum Schaltbolzen 177 wird dieser aus seiner Ruhelage in Richtung zu zwei Kontakten 180 und 181 bewegt, so dass eine am zu den Kontakten 180 und 181 Ende des Schaltbolzens 177 angebrachte Kontaktbrücke 184 beide Kontakte 180 und 181 elektrisch miteinander verbindet. Dadurch wird vom Bolzen 150 elektrische Leistung über die Kontaktbrücke 184 hinweg zur Stromzuführung 61 und damit zu den Kohlebürsten 58 geführt. Der Startermotor 13 wird dabei bestromt.For the sake of completeness, the single-track mechanism should be considered here. The push-in relay 16 has a bolt 150, which is an electrical contact and which is connected to the positive pole of an electric starter battery, which is not shown here. This bolt 150 is passed through a relay cover 153. This relay cover 153 terminates a relay housing 156, which is fastened by means of a plurality of fastening elements 159 (screws) on the drive end plate 19. In indenting relay 16, a pull-in winding 162 and a so-called holding winding 165 is further arranged. The pull-in winding 162 and the holding winding 165 each cause an electromagnetic field in the switched-on state, which flows through both the relay housing 156 (made of electromagnetically conductive material), a linearly movable armature 168 and an armature return 171. The armature 168 carries a push rod 174, which is moved in the direction of linear retraction of the armature 168 in the direction of a switching pin 177. With this movement of the push rod 174 to the switching pin 177 this is moved from its rest position in the direction of two contacts 180 and 181, so that attached to the contacts 180 and 181 end of the switching pin 177 contact bridge 184 connects both contacts 180 and 181 electrically. As a result, electrical power is conducted from the bolt 150 across the contact bridge 184 to the power supply 61 and thus to the carbon brushes 58. The starter motor 13 is energized.

Das Einrückrelais 16 bzw. der Anker 168 hat aber darüber hinaus auch die Aufgabe, mit einem Zugelement 187 einen dem Antriebslagerschild 19 drehbeweglich angeordneten Hebel zu bewegen. Dieser Hebel 190, üblicherweise als Gabelhebel ausgeführt, umgreift mit zwei hier nicht dargestellten "Zinken" an ihrem Außenumfang zwei Scheiben 193 und 194, um einen zwischen diesen eingeklemmten Mitnehmerring 197 zum Freilauf 137 hin gegen den Widerstand der Feder 200 zu bewegen und dadurch das Andrehritzel 22 in dem Zahnkranz 25 einzuspuren.However, the engagement relay 16 or the armature 168 also has the task, with a tension member 187 to move the drive bearing plate 19 rotatably arranged lever. This lever 190, usually designed as a fork lever, surrounds with two "tines" not shown here on its outer circumference two discs 193 and 194 to move a trapped between these driver ring 197 for freewheel 137 towards the resistance of the spring 200 and thereby the starter pinion 22 einzuspuren in the ring gear 25.

Figur 2 zeigt einen Teillängsschnitt eines frei ausstoßenden Starters. Dieses weist ein Lagerschild 19 auf, in dem ein Lager 122 eingesetzt ist, welches beispielsweise als Rollenlager ggf. in einer Spezialform als Nadellager ausgeführt ist. Dieses kann jedoch auch als Gleitlager oder als Kugellager ausgeführt sein. FIG. 2 shows a partial longitudinal section of a freely ejecting starter. This has a bearing plate 19, in which a bearing 122 is used, which is designed for example as a roller bearing possibly in a special form as a needle bearing. However, this can also be designed as a sliding bearing or as a ball bearing.

In beiden Ausführungsbeispielen gemäß Figur 1 und Figur 2 sitzt auf der Antriebswelle 142 das Andrehritzel 22 auf. Hierzu weist in beiden Fällen die Antriebswelle 142 auf seinem Außenumfang eine Wellen-Nabe-Verbindung 141 auf, die das Übertragen eines Drehmoments vom Innenring 140 auf das Andrehritzel 22 ermöglicht. Das Andrehritzel 22 weist eine Bohrung auf, die an ihrem Innenumfang eine Keil- oder Kerbverzahnung aufweist, und die in ein entsprechendes Gegenstück auf der Antriebswelle 142 eingreift. Der Teil der Wellen-Nabe-Verbindung auf der Antriebswelle ist mit 143, und der Teil der Wellen-Nabe-Verbindung im Ritzel ist mit 144 bezeichnet. Das Andrehritzel 22 stützt sich auf einer Stirnseite 145, die in Richtung zum Freilauf 137 gerichtet ist, mittels eines Federelements 146, hier in Ausführung als Tellerscheibe, an einem nicht näher bezeichneten Bund der Antriebswelle 142 ab.In both embodiments according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 sits on the drive shaft 142, the starter pinion 22. For this purpose, in both cases, the drive shaft 142 on its outer circumference on a shaft-hub connection 141, which allows the transmission of torque from the inner ring 140 to the starter pinion 22. The starter pinion 22 has a bore which has a wedge or serration on its inner circumference, and which engages in a corresponding counterpart on the drive shaft 142. The portion of the shaft-hub connection on the drive shaft is at 143, and the portion of the shaft-hub connection in the pinion is designated 144. The starter pinion 22 is supported on an end face 145 which is directed in the direction of the freewheel 137, by means of a spring element 146, here in the form of a disk disk, on a non-descript collar of the drive shaft 142 from.

Figur 2: Das Andrehritzel 22 weist eine weitere Stirnseite 203 auf, die auf der anderen axialen Seite des Andrehritzels 22 angeordnet ist und dementsprechend vom Freilauf 137 abgewandt ist. Auf dieser Seite des Andrehritzels 22 ist stirnseitig eine Ausnehmung 206 eingebracht, die gemäß Figur 2 hohlzylindrisch ausgeführt ist. Diese Ausnehmung 206 übergreift einen Sicherungsring 209, der hier als Sprengring ausgeführt ist. Dieser Sicherungsring 209 sitzt in einer umlaufenden Nut 212, die in Umfangsrichtung in die Antriebswelle 142 eingebracht ist. In die Ausnehmung 206 ist des Weiteren ein Anschlagring 218 eingebracht, der mittels eines einstückig angeformten Kragens 220 den Sicherungsring 209 übergreift. FIG. 2 : The starter pinion 22 has a further end face 203, which is arranged on the other axial side of the Andrehritzels 22 and is accordingly remote from the freewheel 137. On this side of the Andrehritzels 22 frontally a recess 206 is introduced, according to FIG. 2 is designed as a hollow cylinder. This recess 206 engages over a locking ring 209, which is designed here as a snap ring. This circlip 209 is seated in a circumferential groove 212, which is introduced in the circumferential direction in the drive shaft 142. In the recess 206, a stop ring 218 is further introduced, which engages over the retaining ring 209 by means of an integrally molded collar 220.

An dieser Stelle sei auf die Montagereihenfolge hingewiesen: Auf die zunächst unbestückte antriebswellenseitige Wellen-Nabe-Verbindung 143 wird zunächst das Federelement 146, d. h. die Tellerfeder aufgeschoben. Im Anschluss daran wird das Andrehritzel 22 so auf die Antriebswelle 142 aufgeschoben, dass die Ausnehmung 206 vom Freilauf 137 abgewandt ist. Nachfolgend wird der Anschlagring 218 im noch unverformten Zustand auf die Antriebswelle 142 aufgeschoben. Anschließend wird der Sicherungsring 209 in aufgeweitetem Zustand auf die Antriebswelle 142 aufgeschoben, bis der Sicherungsring 209 in die Nut 212 einrastet. Der Sicherungsring 209 sichert damit durch Blockierung der antriebswellenseitigen Wellen-Nabe-Verbindung 143 mittelbar die sichere Lage des Andrehritzels 22 auf der Antriebswelle 142. Damit unter Fliehkraftbelastung (Drehen mit hoher Winkelgeschwindigkeit) der Sicherungsring 209 sich nicht derartig aufweitet, dass dieser unter Axiallast (Tellerfeder 146) von der Antriebswelle 142 geschoben werden kann, ist der Anschlagring 218 vorhanden.At this point, attention should be drawn to the order of assembly: On the initially unpopulated drive shaft side shaft-hub connection 143, first, the spring element 146, ie the plate spring is pushed. Subsequently, the starter pinion 22 is pushed onto the drive shaft 142, that the recess 206 faces away from the freewheel 137. Subsequently, the Stop ring 218 pushed in the still undeformed state on the drive shaft 142. Subsequently, the locking ring 209 is pushed in the expanded state on the drive shaft 142 until the locking ring 209 engages in the groove 212. The locking ring 209 thus secures by blocking the drive shaft side shaft-hub connection 143 indirectly the secure position of the Andrehritzels 22 on the drive shaft 142. So under centrifugal load (high angular velocity rotation) of the locking ring 209 does not expand in such a way that this under axial load (disc spring 146) can be pushed by the drive shaft 142, the stop ring 218 is present.

Es ist demzufolge eine Startvorrichtung 10 mit einem Antriebslagerschild 19 vorgesehen, in dem ein Lager 122 befestigt ist, mit einer Antriebswelle 142, wobei das Lager 122 im Lagerschild 19 die Antriebswelle 142 zumindest mittelbar stützt, mit einem Andrehritzel 22, welches auf der Antriebswelle 142 derart befestigt ist, dass von der Antriebswelle 142 auf das Andrehritzel 22 ein Drehmoment übertragbar ist, wobei das Andrehritzel 22 eine Stirnseite 203 aufweist und ein Anschlagring 218 auf der Antriebswelle 142 ortsfest angeordnet ist. Es ist dabei vorgesehen, dass das Andrehritzel 22 an der Stirnseite 203 eine Ausnehmung 206 aufweist, in der der Anschlagring 218 angeordnet ist, welcher ein unzulässiges Aufspreizen des Sicherungsrings 209 verhindert.It is therefore a starting device 10 is provided with a drive bearing plate 19, in which a bearing 122 is fixed, with a drive shaft 142, the bearing 122 in the bearing plate 19, the drive shaft 142 at least indirectly supports, with a starter pinion 22, which on the drive shaft 142 such is fastened, that from the drive shaft 142 to the starter pinion 22, a torque is transferable, wherein the starter pinion 22 has an end face 203 and a stop ring 218 is fixedly arranged on the drive shaft 142. It is provided that the starting pinion 22 on the end face 203 has a recess 206 in which the stop ring 218 is arranged, which prevents an inadmissible spreading of the securing ring 209.

Der Sicherungsring 209 sichert das Andrehritzel 22 gegen Herunterrutschen von der Antriebswelle 142.The locking ring 209 secures the starter pinion 22 against slipping off the drive shaft 142nd

Fig. 3: Der Anschlagring 218 weist einen ringförmigen Sitzabschnitt 226 auf, durch den der Anschlagring 218 auf der Antriebswelle 142 zentriert ist. Von einer radial weiter äußeren Stelle des Anschlagrings 218 geht in axialer Richtung von dem Andrehritzel 22 wegweisend ein Kragen 220 aus, der den Sicherungsring 209 übergreift. Jenseits des Sicherungsrings 209 weist der Kragen 220 eine plastische Verformung 223 auf. Durch diese Verformung 223 ist ein Hinterschnitt 240 zwischen dem Sitzabschnitt 226 des Anschlagrings 218 und der plastischen Verformung 223 gebildet. Der Anschlagring 218 umgreift so den Sicherungsring 209 und verhindert so ein radiales Aufweiten des Sicherungsrings 209 und dadurch ein axiales Verschieben. Fig. 3 The stop ring 218 has an annular seat portion 226 through which the stop ring 218 is centered on the drive shaft 142. From a radially further outer point of the stop ring 218, a collar 220 protrudes in the axial direction from the starting pinion 22, which engages over the securing ring 209. Beyond the securing ring 209, the collar 220 has a plastic deformation 223. By this deformation 223, an undercut 240 is formed between the seat portion 226 of the stopper ring 218 and the plastic deformation 223. The stop ring 218 engages around the locking ring 209 and thus prevents a radial expansion of the locking ring 209 and thereby an axial displacement.

Claims (7)

  1. Freely ejecting starting apparatus, having a drive bearing plate (19), in which a bearing (122) is fastened, having a drive shaft (142), the bearing (122) in the bearing plate (19) supporting the drive shaft (142) at least indirectly, having a starting pinion (22) which is fastened on the drive shaft (142) in such a way that a torque can be transmitted from the drive shaft (142) to the starting pinion (22), the starting pinion (22) having a front side (203) which points away from a drive of the starting apparatus, and a securing ring (209) being arranged on the drive shaft (142) in a stationary manner, and a stop ring (218) engaging over the securing ring (209) by means of an integrally formed collar (220), characterized in that, after the widened securing ring (209) is pushed onto the drive shaft (142) into a groove (212), the collar of the stop ring (218) is deformed plastically.
  2. Starting apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the collar (220) has at least one plastic deformation (223) on its circumference.
  3. Starting apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that the plastic deformation (223) has an undercut (240) between a seat section (226) of the stop ring (218) and the said plastic deformation (223), which prevents an axial displacement of the stop ring (218).
  4. Starting apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the securing ring (209) is a circlip.
  5. Starting apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the starting pinion (22) is mounted on the drive shaft (142) such that it is sprung in the axial direction against the drive shaft (142) by way of a spring element (146).
  6. Starting apparatus according to Claim 5, characterized in that the spring element (146) is a cup spring.
  7. Starting apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing (122) is an anti-friction bearing or a plain bearing.
EP09167909.2A 2008-10-01 2009-08-14 Starting device Active EP2172645B1 (en)

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DE102010029260B4 (en) * 2010-05-25 2022-01-05 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Starter for an internal combustion engine
DE102010030724B4 (en) 2010-06-30 2019-07-25 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Starting device and method for producing a stop for a displaceable pinion of a starting device arranged on a shaft
DE102010030727B4 (en) * 2010-06-30 2016-03-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Starting device and method for producing a stop for a displaceable pinion of a starting device arranged on a shaft
JP5507005B2 (en) 2011-03-31 2014-05-28 三菱電機株式会社 Engine starter
DE102011017534B4 (en) * 2011-04-26 2020-06-04 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Starting device for an internal combustion engine
CN103244570B (en) * 2012-02-06 2017-10-17 博世汽车部件(长沙)有限公司 Vehicle starter and its spline device
DE102014225214B4 (en) * 2014-12-09 2017-07-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Starting device for an internal combustion engine

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DE102008042525A1 (en) 2010-04-08
HUE038011T2 (en) 2018-09-28
JP2010084769A (en) 2010-04-15
EP2172645A3 (en) 2015-07-22

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