EP2162227B1 - Coating device and coating method having a constant directing air temperature - Google Patents

Coating device and coating method having a constant directing air temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2162227B1
EP2162227B1 EP08773563A EP08773563A EP2162227B1 EP 2162227 B1 EP2162227 B1 EP 2162227B1 EP 08773563 A EP08773563 A EP 08773563A EP 08773563 A EP08773563 A EP 08773563A EP 2162227 B1 EP2162227 B1 EP 2162227B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
shaping
shaping air
temperature
atomiser
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EP08773563A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2162227A1 (en
Inventor
Alexander Meissner
Frank Herre
Marcus Frey
Torsten Block
Michael Baumann
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Duerr Systems AG
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Duerr Systems AG
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Priority to PL08773563T priority Critical patent/PL2162227T3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/10—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B3/1092—Means for supplying shaping gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/001—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements incorporating means for heating or cooling, e.g. the material to be sprayed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coating device and a corresponding coating method according to the independent claims, in particular for the painting of motor vehicle body parts.
  • rotary atomizers are conventionally used which are pneumatically driven by means of a compressed air turbine and which atomise the paint to be applied by means of a bell disk rotating at high speed. It is also known to mold the applied by the bell cup spray of the paint to be applied by so-called shaping air.
  • shaping air for this purpose, in the rotary atomizer axially behind the bell plate Lenkluftdüsen are attached, which emit a direct jet of air substantially in the axial direction from the rear of the spray, so that the opening angle of the spray can be influenced by the shaping air jet.
  • rotary atomizers with a pneumatic drive by means of a compressed air turbine are, for example WO 2005/110619 A1 Rotary atomizer also known in which the bell cup is driven by an electric motor.
  • the steering air can also be used for cooling the electric motor by the steering air is passed through the stator of the electric motor and thereby absorbs part of the resulting in the stator electrical heat loss and dissipates.
  • the shaping air during the passage through the rotary atomizer is thus thermally influenced as a function of the operating state of the rotary atomizer, so that the shaping air temperature at the outlet of the shaping air nozzle varies depending on the operating state of the rotary atomizer, which has a negative effect on the painting process the applied paint arrives drier or wetter on the component to be painted depending on the shaping air temperature.
  • EP 1 688 185 A1 Although discloses a coating device with a shaping air nozzle and a temperature control device and a control unit, but the control unit here has a completely different function, since the steering air temperature is not kept constant, but selectively varied.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to improve the quality of painting in the known rotary atomizers and to provide a corresponding operating method for rotary atomizer.
  • the invention encompasses the general technical teaching to keep the steering air temperature at the outlet of the shaping air nozzle constant, irrespective of the operating state of the rotary atomizer, so that the painting quality is not impaired by fluctuations in the shaping air temperature.
  • the known rotary atomizer according to JP 08 108 104 A only the steering air temperature upstream of the rotary atomizer kept constant, so that the thermal influence of the steering air temperature is disregarded by the rotary atomizer, which leads to fluctuations in the steering air temperature at the output of the shaping air nozzles.
  • the invention comprises a coating device having an atomizer (e.g., a rotary atomizer) for applying a spray of a coating agent (e.g., wet paint) to a component to be coated, such as an automotive body panel.
  • an atomizer e.g., a rotary atomizer
  • a coating agent e.g., wet paint
  • the invention is not limited to rotary atomizers in terms of the type of atomizer. Rather, the invention is also feasible with other types of atomizers, such as airless atomizers, airmix atomizers, air atomizers or ultrasonic atomizers, to name but a few possible types of atomizers.
  • the invention with respect to the coating composition is not limited to water-based paint, but also with other types of coating materials feasible, such as solvent or powder coatings.
  • the invention is not limited to the coating of motor vehicle body parts, but also for coating other components used, such as for coating attachments or the like.
  • the coating device according to the invention has at least one shaping air nozzle for delivery of shaping air in order to form the spray jet by means of the shaping air.
  • the shaping air nozzle can optionally be integrated in the atomizer or structurally separated from the atomizer.
  • the coating device according to the invention has a tempering device in order to temper the shaping air, ie to heat or cool it.
  • the invention now additionally provides a control unit which activates the tempering device as a function of at least one operating variable (for example ambient temperature, volume flow of the shaping air) of the atomizer, in order to set a predetermined, preferably constant steering air temperature.
  • at least one operating variable for example ambient temperature, volume flow of the shaping air
  • control unit or control is preferably to be understood in the narrower control technical sense, according to which the shaping air temperature is set as a controlled variable in response to the serving as a control variable operating size of the atomizer feedback.
  • the term of a control unit or control used in the context of the invention is not limited to the aforementioned conceptual understanding of terms, but also includes, for example, controls with a pilot control or similar combinations of a controller and a controller.
  • the shaping air in the preferred embodiment of the invention is at least partially passed through the atomizer to the shaping air nozzle, wherein the atomizer thermally influences the shaping air depending on its operating state, for example by the electrical heat loss of an electric drive motor or by the relaxation of the Steering air at the exit from the shaping air nozzle.
  • the control unit therefore takes into account when controlling the tempering device for the shaping air preferably the operating size of the atomizer, which also the thermal influence of the shaping air in the atomizer determined. This may be, for example, the drive power of an electric drive motor of the atomizer, since the drive power of the drive motor also determines the heat loss and thus the heating of the shaping air.
  • the temperature control device has a heating device which heats the shaping air with an adjustable heating power, which in itself is already off JP 08 108 104 A is known and therefore need not be further described.
  • the temperature control means comprises a cooling device which cools the shaping air with an adjustable cooling capacity.
  • the term used in the invention of a temperature control thus includes both a targeted heating of the shaping air and a targeted cooling of the shaping air in order to achieve the most constant shaping air temperature at the outlet of the shaping air nozzle.
  • the atomizer is a rotary atomizer which has an air bearing which is supplied with engine bearing air via a bearing air feed.
  • the engine bearing air can also be used for cooling the shaping air by, for example, a part of the engine bearing air is added to the shaping air.
  • the cooling of the shaping air is effected by a separate coolant supply, which supplies a gaseous or liquid coolant for cooling the shaping air.
  • the cooling device prefferably has an electro-thermal converter, for example a Peltier element.
  • the invention is therefore not limited to the above-described variants with regard to the mode of operation of the cooling device, but can also be realized in another way.
  • the atomizer can be a novel rotary atomizer, in which the bell cup is not driven in a conventional manner by a pneumatic air turbine, but by an electric drive motor.
  • the shaping air can be thermally coupled to the drive motor to cool the drive motor during operation by the shaping air.
  • the thermal coupling between the shaping air and the drive motor can be achieved in that the shaping air is at least partially guided by the drive motor, which in itself from the already cited patent application WO 2005/110619 A1 is known, so that the content of this patent application is fully attributable to the present description.
  • the heating of the shaping air is harmless by the heat loss of the electric drive motor, because this thermal influence can be compensated by the temperature control, so that the shaping air temperature is kept constant independently of the drive power of the electric drive motor.
  • the tempering device can optionally temper the shaping air upstream of the drive motor or downstream of the drive motor.
  • the coating device according to the invention preferably has a thermally conductive connection between the heat-generating drive motor of the atomizer and the heat-emitting outer surface of the atomizer, wherein this heat-conducting compound can be effected for example by a conventional thermal paste.
  • control unit controls the temperature control device in dependence on the measured ambient temperature to keep the steering air temperature constant regardless of fluctuations in the ambient temperature.
  • the ambient temperature serving as the input variable for the control can hereby optionally be measured, modeled or predetermined in any other way by a temperature sensor.
  • control unit preferably controls the temperature control device as a function of the drive power in order to keep the guide air temperature constant, independently of the current drive power and the associated heat loss in the drive motor.
  • the drive power used as the input variable for the control can hereby optionally be measured, modeled or predetermined, for example, by a motor controller.
  • control unit controls the tempering of the shaping air in response to the current flow of the shaping air to achieve a constant shaping air temperature regardless of changes in the flow rate of the shaping air.
  • the volume flow of the shaping air serving as an input variable for the control can be measured, modeled, for example or be prescribed in any other way.
  • a volumetric flow sensor is provided which measures the volume flow of the shaping air and supplies the measured value to the control unit as an input variable.
  • the atomizer has on its outer side at least one heat sink, for example in the form of cooling fins, in order to achieve the most constant thermal conditions in the atomizer.
  • the cooling body can also be formed by the outer surface of the atomizer, ie in a rotary atomizer through the Zerstäubermantel configuration.
  • a thermal paste can be used to achieve the best possible thermal contact between the heat-generating drive motor and the heat sink.
  • the invention is directed not only to a coating device, but also to a corresponding coating method.
  • FIG. 1 shows in greatly simplified form a coating device according to the invention with a rotary atomizer 1, which can be used for painting automotive body parts or other components.
  • the paint to be applied is in this case atomized by a rotating bell cup 2 and discharged in the form of a spray jet 3.
  • the bell cup 2 is in this case mounted on a rotatably mounted bell-plate shaft 4, wherein the bell-plate shaft 4 is driven by an electric motor 5 shown here only schematically.
  • the rotary atomizer 1 allows a shaping of the spray jet 3 by shaping air, wherein the shaping air is supplied to the rotary atomizer 1 via a connecting flange 6, as will be described in detail.
  • the shaping air is guided in shaping air ducts 7 to shaping air nozzles 8 on the front end side of the rotary atomizer 1, where the shaping air is directed substantially axially from behind onto the spray jet 3 of the paint to be applied, so that the opening angle of the spray jet 3 through the Delivery of the shaping air from the shaping air nozzles 8 can be adjusted.
  • the steering air duct 7 in this case runs in the rotary atomizer 1 through the stator of the electric motor 5, so that the shaping air in the passage through the electric motor 5 electrical Loss of heat absorbs, which arises during operation in the electric motor 5, which contributes to the cooling of the electric motor 5.
  • the shaping air when leaving the shaping air nozzles 8, the shaping air experiences a sharp drop in temperature due to the throttling, whereby this temperature drop depends inter alia on the volume flow of the applied shaping air and can therefore fluctuate during operation of the rotary atomizer 1.
  • the steering air temperature therefore varies as a function of the electrical heat loss which the steering air absorbs when passing through the electric motor 5 from the electric motor 5, the heating of the steering air being dependent on the current drive power of the electric motor 5 by the electric motor 5.
  • the deflection air temperature also varies according to the temperature drop when leaving the shaping air nozzles 8 as a function of the volume flow of the shaping air.
  • the invention therefore provides that the tempering of the shaping air supplied to the rotary atomizer 1 is controlled as a function of the current operating state of the rotary atomizer 1 so that the shaping air temperature after leaving the shaping air nozzles 8 maintains a predetermined, constant value T SOLL .
  • T SOLL constant value
  • the coating device according to the invention therefore has a temperature control device 9 which can heat and / or cool the shaping air supplied to the rotary atomizer 1 in order to ensure that the shaping air temperature at the outlet of the shaping air nozzles 8 is independent of the operating state of the rotary atomizer 1 and the associated heating or Cooling of the shaping air in the rotary atomizer 1 the predetermined setpoint T SOLL complies.
  • the temperature control device is controlled by a control unit 10, wherein the control unit 10 adjusts the heating power or cooling power of the temperature control device 9 as a function of a plurality of operating variables of the rotary atomizer 1 such that the shaping air temperature at the outlet of the shaping air nozzles 8 complies with the predetermined desired value T SOLL .
  • the control unit 10 controls the tempering device 9 in such a way that the heating power of the temperature control device 9 is lowered or the cooling power of the temperature control device 9 is increased to compensate for the increased heat input by the electric motor 5.
  • FIG. 2 illustrated control circuit equivalent circuit diagram of the coating device according to the invention described.
  • control unit 10 is connected on the input side to a temperature sensor 11 which measures the ambient temperature T ENVIRONMENT , wherein the control unit 10 also controls the temperature control device 9 as a function of the measured ambient temperature T ENVIRONMENT .
  • control unit 10 is connected on the input side to a volumetric flow sensor 12, which measures the total volumetric flow Q STEERING AIR of the applied shaping air , the control unit 10 also actuating the temperature control device 9 as a function of the measured volume flow Q STEERING AIR .
  • volume flow Q LENKLUFT is provided by a volume flow controller, wherein the volume flow controller adjusts the flow rate Q LENKLUFT to a predetermined desired value.
  • control unit 10 receives on the input side the setpoint T SOLL for the desired shaping air temperature, the control unit 10 also controlling the temperature control device 9 as a function of this setpoint T SOLL .
  • control unit 10 in the control of the temperature control device 9 also further operating variables of Consider rotary atomizer 1, as indicated here only schematically by a block arrow.
  • control unit 10 takes into account in the control of the temperature control device 9, the thermal power loss P THERM , which generates the electric motor 5 in the rotary atomizer 1, since the thermal power loss P THERM contributes to the heating of the shaping air in the rotary atomizer 1 and therefore compensated in the context of temperature control should be.
  • the thermal power loss P THERM is in this case calculated by a computing unit 13 from the mechanical drive power P MECH , which is predetermined by a motor controller 14.
  • the tempering device 9 in this case consists of a heater 15 and a cooling device 16, wherein the heater 15 heats the shaping air with an adjustable heating power P HEIZ , while the cooling device 16 can cool the shaping air with an adjustable cooling power P COOL .
  • the control unit 10 controls the heating device 15 with a corresponding control signal a. In the same way, the control unit 10 activates the cooling device 16 with a corresponding control signal b in order to set the cooling power P COOL .
  • a steering air system 17 which reflects the thermal behavior of the steering air in terms of control technology and is influenced by the heating power P HEIZ , the cooling power P KÜHL and the thermal power loss P THERM .
  • the control unit 10 now adjusts the heating power P HEIZ and the cooling power P KÜHL such that the actual value T IST of the shaping air assumes the desired setpoint T SOLL independently of the current operating state of the rotary atomizer 1.
  • the temperature control according to the invention is advantageous because it avoids fluctuations in the steering air temperature during operation of the rotary atomizer 1, which contributes to a consistently good painting result.

Abstract

Exemplary coating devices and methods are disclosed. An exemplary coating device may include an atomizer for applying a spray jet of a coating means or material to a component, at least one directing air nozzle for outputting shaping or directing air in order to shape the spray jet, and a temperature-control device for controlling the temperature of the directing air. The coating device may further include a control unit which activates the temperature-control device as a function of at least one operating variable of the atomizer in order to set a predetermined directing air temperature.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Beschichtungseinrichtung und ein entsprechendes Beschichtungsverfahren gemäß den nebengeordneten Ansprüchen, insbesondere zur Lackierung von Kraftfahrzeugkarosserieteilen.The invention relates to a coating device and a corresponding coating method according to the independent claims, in particular for the painting of motor vehicle body parts.

Zur Lackierung von Kraftfahrzeugkarosserieteilen oder sonstigen Bauteilen werden herkömmlicherweise Rotationszerstäuber eingesetzt, die pneumatisch mittels einer Druckluftturbine angetrieben werden und den zu applizierenden Lack mittels eines mit hoher Geschwindigkeit rotierenden Glockentellers zerstäuben. Es ist weiterhin bekannt, den von dem Glockenteller applizierten Sprühstrahl des zu applizierenden Lacks durch sogenannte Lenkluft zu formen. Hierzu sind in dem Rotationszerstäuber axial hinter dem Glockenteller Lenkluftdüsen angebracht, die einen Lenkluftstrahl im Wesentlichen in axialer Richtung von hinten auf den Sprühstrahl abgeben, so dass der Öffnungswinkel des Sprühstrahls durch den Lenkluftstrahl beeinflusst werden kann.For painting motor vehicle body parts or other components, rotary atomizers are conventionally used which are pneumatically driven by means of a compressed air turbine and which atomise the paint to be applied by means of a bell disk rotating at high speed. It is also known to mold the applied by the bell cup spray of the paint to be applied by so-called shaping air. For this purpose, in the rotary atomizer axially behind the bell plate Lenkluftdüsen are attached, which emit a direct jet of air substantially in the axial direction from the rear of the spray, so that the opening angle of the spray can be influenced by the shaping air jet.

Problematisch an dem Einsatz von Lenkluft ist die Tatsache, dass die unter Druck zugeführte Lenkluft beim Verlassen der Lenkluftdüse schlagartig abkühlt, was zu störenden Kondenswasserbildungen führen kann.The problem with the use of steering air is the fact that the steering air supplied under pressure abruptly cools when leaving the shaping air nozzle, which can lead to troublesome condensation.

Zur Lösung dieses Problems ist es aus JP 08 108 104 A bekannt, die zugeführte Lenkluft mittels einer elektrischen Heizung und einer Temperaturregelung auf eine bestimmte Temperatur vorzuheizen, so dass der Temperaturabfall der Lenkluft beim Verlassen der Lenkluftdüsen nicht mehr ausreicht, um die störenden Kondenswasserbildungen zu verursachen.To solve this problem it is off JP 08 108 104 A known, the supplied steering air by means of an electric heater and a temperature control to a certain temperature preheat, so that the temperature drop of the steering air when leaving the shaping air nozzles is no longer sufficient to cause the disturbing condensation.

Neben den vorstehend beschriebenen Rotationszerstäubern mit einem pneumatischen Antrieb mittels einer Druckluftturbine sind beispielsweise aus WO 2005/110619 A1 auch Rotationszerstäuber bekannt, bei denen der Glockenteller von einem Elektromotor angetrieben wird. Hierbei kann die Lenkluft auch zur Kühlung des Elektromotors eingesetzt werden, indem die Lenkluft durch den Stator des Elektromotors geleitet wird und dabei einen Teil der in dem Stator anfallenden elektrischen Verlustwärme aufnimmt und abführt.In addition to the above-described rotary atomizers with a pneumatic drive by means of a compressed air turbine are, for example WO 2005/110619 A1 Rotary atomizer also known in which the bell cup is driven by an electric motor. Here, the steering air can also be used for cooling the electric motor by the steering air is passed through the stator of the electric motor and thereby absorbs part of the resulting in the stator electrical heat loss and dissipates.

Bei den bekannten Rotationszerstäubern wird die Lenkluft bei der Durchleitung durch den Rotationszerstäuber also in Abhängigkeit von dem Betriebszustand des Rotationszerstäubers thermisch beeinflusst, so dass die Lenklufttemperatur am Ausgang der Lenkluftdüse in Abhängigkeit von dem Betriebszustand des Rotationszerstäubers schwankt, was sich negativ auf den Lackierprozess auswirkt, da der applizierte Lack in Abhängigkeit von der Lenklufttemperatur trockener oder nasser auf dem zu lackierenden Bauteil ankommt.In the known rotary atomizers, the shaping air during the passage through the rotary atomizer is thus thermally influenced as a function of the operating state of the rotary atomizer, so that the shaping air temperature at the outlet of the shaping air nozzle varies depending on the operating state of the rotary atomizer, which has a negative effect on the painting process the applied paint arrives drier or wetter on the component to be painted depending on the shaping air temperature.

Aus DE 102 39 517 A1 ist zwar eine Beschichtungseinrichtung mit einer Temperierungseinrichtung und einer Steuereinheit bekannt, jedoch erwärmt die Heizeinrichtung hierbei nicht die Lenkluft, sondern die Antriebsluft, die zum Antrieb der Druckluftturbine dient. Darüber hinaus wird in dieser Druckschrift lediglich allgemein erwähnt, dass Lenkluft erwärmt werden kann, um eine Abkühlung der Bauteile durch die Entspannung der Antriebsluft der Turbine zu vermeiden. Eine gezielte Steuerung der Lenklufterwärmung ist dagegen aus dieser Druckschrift nicht bekannt.Out DE 102 39 517 A1 Although a coating device with a temperature control device and a control unit is known, however, the heating device does not heat the shaping air, but rather the drive air which serves to drive the compressed air turbine. In addition, in this document only generally mentioned that shaping air can be heated to prevent cooling of the components by the relaxation of the drive air of the turbine. A targeted control of Lenklufterwärmung, however, is not known from this document.

EP 1 688 185 A1 offenbart zwar eine Beschichtungseinrichtung mit einer Lenkluftdüse und einer Temperierungseinrichtung sowie einer Steuereinheit, jedoch hat die Steuereinheit hierbei eine völlig andere Funktion, da die Lenklufttemperatur hierbei nicht konstant gehalten, sondern gezielt variiert wird. EP 1 688 185 A1 Although discloses a coating device with a shaping air nozzle and a temperature control device and a control unit, but the control unit here has a completely different function, since the steering air temperature is not kept constant, but selectively varied.

Schließlich offenbart WO 88/00675 A1 lediglich allgemein ein Temperiergerät für fließfähige Massen. Eine Temperierung der Lenkluft eines Zerstäubers ist aus dieser Entgegenhaltung nicht bekannt.Finally revealed WO 88/00675 A1 only generally a temperature control for flowable masses. A tempering of the shaping air of an atomizer is not known from this citation.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Lackierqualität bei den bekannten Rotationszerstäubern zu verbessern und ein entsprechendes Betriebsverfahren für Rotationszerstäuber anzugeben.The invention is therefore based on the object to improve the quality of painting in the known rotary atomizers and to provide a corresponding operating method for rotary atomizer.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Beschichtungseinrichtung bzw. durch ein entsprechendes Beschichtungsverfahren gemäß den nebengeordneten Ansprüchen gelöst.This object is achieved by a coating device or by a corresponding coating method according to the independent claims.

Die Erfindung umfasst die allgemeine technische Lehre, die Lenklufttemperatur am Ausgang der Lenkluftdüse unabhängig von dem Betriebszustand des Rotationszerstäubers konstant zu halten, damit die Lackierqualität nicht durch Schwankungen der Lenklufttemperatur beeinträchtigt wird. Im Gegensatz dazu wird bei dem bekannten Rotationszerstäuber gemäß JP 08 108 104 A nur die Lenklufttemperatur stromaufwärts vor dem Rotationszerstäuber konstant gehalten, so dass die thermische Beeinflussung der Lenklufttemperatur durch den Rotationszerstäuber unberücksichtigt bleibt, was zu Schwankungen der Lenklufttemperatur am Ausgang der Lenkluftdüsen führt.The invention encompasses the general technical teaching to keep the steering air temperature at the outlet of the shaping air nozzle constant, irrespective of the operating state of the rotary atomizer, so that the painting quality is not impaired by fluctuations in the shaping air temperature. In contrast, in the known rotary atomizer according to JP 08 108 104 A only the steering air temperature upstream of the rotary atomizer kept constant, so that the thermal influence of the steering air temperature is disregarded by the rotary atomizer, which leads to fluctuations in the steering air temperature at the output of the shaping air nozzles.

Die Erfindung umfasst eine Beschichtungseinrichtung mit einem Zerstäuber (z.B. einem Rotationszerstäuber) zur Applikation eines Sprühstrahls eines Beschichtungsmittels (z.B. Nasslack) auf ein zu beschichtendes Bauteil, wie beispielsweise ein Kraftfahrzeugkarosserieteil.The invention comprises a coating device having an atomizer (e.g., a rotary atomizer) for applying a spray of a coating agent (e.g., wet paint) to a component to be coated, such as an automotive body panel.

An dieser Stelle ist zu erwähnen, dass die Erfindung hinsichtlich des Zerstäubertyps nicht auf Rotationszerstäuber beschränkt ist. Vielmehr ist die Erfindung auch mit anderen Typen von Zerstäubern realisierbar, wie beispielsweise Airless-Zerstäubern, Airmix-Zerstäubern, Luftzerstäubern oder Ultraschallzerstäubern, um nur einige mögliche Zerstäubertypen zu nennen.It should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to rotary atomizers in terms of the type of atomizer. Rather, the invention is also feasible with other types of atomizers, such as airless atomizers, airmix atomizers, air atomizers or ultrasonic atomizers, to name but a few possible types of atomizers.

Weiterhin ist die Erfindung hinsichtlich des Beschichtungsmittels nicht auf Wasserlack beschränkt, sondern auch mit anderen Typen von Beschichtungsmitteln realisierbar, wie beispielsweise Lösemittellacken oder Pulverlacken.Furthermore, the invention with respect to the coating composition is not limited to water-based paint, but also with other types of coating materials feasible, such as solvent or powder coatings.

Ferner ist die Erfindung nicht beschränkt auf die Beschichtung von Kraftfahrzeugkarosserieteilen, sondern auch zur Beschichtung anderer Bauteile einsetzbar, wie beispielsweise zur Beschichtung von Anbauteilen oder Ähnlichem.Furthermore, the invention is not limited to the coating of motor vehicle body parts, but also for coating other components used, such as for coating attachments or the like.

Darüber hinaus weist die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtungseinrichtung mindestens eine Lenkluftdüse zur Abgabe von Lenkluft auf, um den Sprühstrahl mittels der Lenkluft zu formen. Die Lenkluftdüse kann hierbei wahlweise in den Zerstäuber integriert oder von dem Zerstäuber baulich getrennt sein.In addition, the coating device according to the invention has at least one shaping air nozzle for delivery of shaping air in order to form the spray jet by means of the shaping air. The shaping air nozzle can optionally be integrated in the atomizer or structurally separated from the atomizer.

Weiterhin weist die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtungseinrichtung eine Temperierungseinrichtung auf, um die Lenkluft zu temperieren, d.h. zu erwärmen oder zu kühlen.Furthermore, the coating device according to the invention has a tempering device in order to temper the shaping air, ie to heat or cool it.

Die Erfindung sieht nun zusätzlich eine Steuereinheit vor, welche die Temperierungseinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von mindestens einer Betriebsgröße (z.B. Umgebungstemperatur, Volumenstrom der Lenkluft) des Zerstäubers ansteuert, um eine vorgegebene, vorzugsweise konstante Lenklufttemperatur einzustellen.The invention now additionally provides a control unit which activates the tempering device as a function of at least one operating variable (for example ambient temperature, volume flow of the shaping air) of the atomizer, in order to set a predetermined, preferably constant steering air temperature.

Der im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendete Begriff einer Steuereinheit bzw. Steuerung ist vorzugsweise im engeren regelungstechnischen Sinne zu verstehen, wonach die Lenklufttemperatur als gesteuerte Größe in Abhängigkeit von der als Steuergröße dienenden Betriebsgröße der Zerstäubers rückkopplungsfrei eingestellt wird. Der im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendete Begriff einer Steuereinheit bzw. Steuerung ist jedoch nicht auf das vorstehend erläuterte regelungstechnische Begriffsverständnis beschränkt, sondern umfasst beispielsweise auch Regelungen mit einer Vorsteuerung oder ähnliche Kombinationen aus einer Steuerung und einer Regelung.The term used in the invention of a control unit or control is preferably to be understood in the narrower control technical sense, according to which the shaping air temperature is set as a controlled variable in response to the serving as a control variable operating size of the atomizer feedback. However, the term of a control unit or control used in the context of the invention is not limited to the aforementioned conceptual understanding of terms, but also includes, for example, controls with a pilot control or similar combinations of a controller and a controller.

Entscheidend für die Erfindung ist lediglich, dass bei der Temperierung der Lenkluft der aktuelle Betriebszustand des Zerstäubers berücksichtigt wird, um die thermische Beeinflussung der Lenkluft durch den Zerstäuber zu kompensieren.Decisive for the invention is merely that during the temperature control of the shaping air, the current operating state of the atomizer is taken into account in order to compensate for the thermal influence of the shaping air through the atomizer.

Dies ist sinnvoll, weil die Lenkluft in dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mindestens teilweise durch den Zerstäuber zu der Lenkluftdüse geleitet wird, wobei der Zerstäuber die Lenkluft in Abhängigkeit von seinem Betriebszustand thermisch beeinflusst, beispielsweise durch die elektrische Verlustwärme eines elektrischen Antriebsmotors oder durch die Entspannung der Lenkluft beim Austritt aus der Lenkluftdüse. Die Steuereinheit berücksichtigt deshalb bei der Ansteuerung der Temperierungseinrichtung für die Lenkluft vorzugsweise die Betriebsgröße des Zerstäubers, die auch die thermische Beeinflussung der Lenkluft in dem Zerstäuber bestimmt. Hierbei kann es sich beispielsweise um die Antriebsleistung eines elektrischen Antriebsmotors des Zerstäubers handeln, da die Antriebsleistung des Antriebsmotors auch die Verlustwärme und damit die Erwärmung der Lenkluft bestimmt.This is useful because the shaping air in the preferred embodiment of the invention is at least partially passed through the atomizer to the shaping air nozzle, wherein the atomizer thermally influences the shaping air depending on its operating state, for example by the electrical heat loss of an electric drive motor or by the relaxation of the Steering air at the exit from the shaping air nozzle. The control unit therefore takes into account when controlling the tempering device for the shaping air preferably the operating size of the atomizer, which also the thermal influence of the shaping air in the atomizer determined. This may be, for example, the drive power of an electric drive motor of the atomizer, since the drive power of the drive motor also determines the heat loss and thus the heating of the shaping air.

In dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung weist die Temperierungseinrichtung eine Heizeinrichtung auf, welche die Lenkluft mit einer einstellbaren Heizleistung erwärmt, was an sich bereits aus JP 08 108 104 A bekannt ist und deshalb nicht weiter beschrieben werden muss.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the temperature control device has a heating device which heats the shaping air with an adjustable heating power, which in itself is already off JP 08 108 104 A is known and therefore need not be further described.

Weiterhin besteht im Rahmen der Erfindung die Möglichkeit, dass die Temperierungseinrichtung eine Kühleinrichtung aufweist, welche die Lenkluft mit einer einstellbaren Kühlleistung abkühlt. Der im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendete Begriff einer Temperierung umfasst also sowohl eine gezielte Erwärmung der Lenkluft als auch eine gezielte Abkühlung der Lenkluft, um eine möglichst konstante Lenklufttemperatur am Ausgang der Lenkluftdüse zu erreichen.Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention, the possibility that the temperature control means comprises a cooling device which cools the shaping air with an adjustable cooling capacity. The term used in the invention of a temperature control thus includes both a targeted heating of the shaping air and a targeted cooling of the shaping air in order to achieve the most constant shaping air temperature at the outlet of the shaping air nozzle.

In einer Variante der Erfindung ist der Zerstäuber ein Rotationszerstäuber, der ein Luftlager aufweist, das über eine Lagerluftzuführung mit Motorlagerluft versorgt wird. In dieser Variante der Erfindung kann die Motorlagerluft auch zur Kühlung der Lenkluft herangezogen werden, indem beispielsweise ein Teil der Motorlagerluft zu der Lenkluft beigemischt wird.In a variant of the invention, the atomizer is a rotary atomizer which has an air bearing which is supplied with engine bearing air via a bearing air feed. In this variant of the invention, the engine bearing air can also be used for cooling the shaping air by, for example, a part of the engine bearing air is added to the shaping air.

In einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung erfolgt die Kühlung der Lenkluft dagegen durch eine separate Kühlmittelzuführung, die ein gasförmiges oder flüssiges Kühlmittel zur Kühlung der Lenkluft zuführt.In another embodiment of the invention, however, the cooling of the shaping air is effected by a separate coolant supply, which supplies a gaseous or liquid coolant for cooling the shaping air.

Alternativ besteht im Rahmen der Erfindung die Möglichkeit, dass die Kühleinrichtung einen elektro-thermischen Wandler aufweist, wie beispielsweise ein Peltier-Element.Alternatively, it is possible within the scope of the invention for the cooling device to have an electro-thermal converter, for example a Peltier element.

Die Erfindung ist also hinsichtlich der Funktionsweise der Kühleinrichtung nicht auf die vorstehend beschriebenen Varianten beschränkt, sondern auch in anderer Weise realisierbar.The invention is therefore not limited to the above-described variants with regard to the mode of operation of the cooling device, but can also be realized in another way.

Es wurde bereits vorstehend erwähnt, dass es sich bei dem Zerstäuber um einen neuartigen Rotationszerstäuber handeln kann, bei dem der Glockenteller nicht in herkömmlicher Weise durch eine pneumatische Druckluftturbine angetrieben wird, sondern durch einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor. Hierbei kann die Lenkluft mit dem Antriebsmotor thermisch gekoppelt sein, um den Antriebsmotor im Betrieb durch die Lenkluft zu kühlen. Beispielsweise kann die thermische Kopplung zwischen der Lenkluft und dem Antriebsmotor dadurch erreicht werden, dass die Lenkluft mindestens teilweise durch den Antriebsmotor geführt wird, was an sich aus der bereits eingangs zitierten Patentanmeldung WO 2005/110619 A1 bekannt ist, so dass der Inhalt dieser Patentanmeldung der vorliegenden Beschreibung in vollem Umfang zuzurechnen ist.It has already been mentioned above that the atomizer can be a novel rotary atomizer, in which the bell cup is not driven in a conventional manner by a pneumatic air turbine, but by an electric drive motor. Here, the shaping air can be thermally coupled to the drive motor to cool the drive motor during operation by the shaping air. For example, the thermal coupling between the shaping air and the drive motor can be achieved in that the shaping air is at least partially guided by the drive motor, which in itself from the already cited patent application WO 2005/110619 A1 is known, so that the content of this patent application is fully attributable to the present description.

Bei der vorstehend beschriebenen Kühlung des elektrischen Antriebsmotors durch die Lenkluft ist die Erwärmung der Lenkluft durch die Verlustwärme des elektrischen Antriebsmotors unschädlich, weil diese thermische Beeinflussung durch die Temperierungseinrichtung kompensiert werden kann, so dass die Lenklufttemperatur unabhängig von der Antriebsleistung des elektrischen Antriebsmotors konstant gehalten wird.In the cooling of the electric drive motor described above by the shaping air, the heating of the shaping air is harmless by the heat loss of the electric drive motor, because this thermal influence can be compensated by the temperature control, so that the shaping air temperature is kept constant independently of the drive power of the electric drive motor.

Hierbei ist zu erwähnen, dass die Temperierungseinrichtung die Lenkluft wahlweise stromaufwärts vor dem Antriebsmotor oder stromabwärts hinter dem Antriebsmotor temperieren kann. Ferner weist die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtungseinrichtung vorzugsweise eine wärmeleitende Verbindung zwischen dem wärmeproduzierenden Antriebsmotor des Zerstäubers und der wärmeabgebenden Außenfläche des Zerstäubers auf, wobei diese wärmeleitende Verbindung beispielsweise durch eine herkömmliche Wärmeleitpaste bewirkt werden kann.It should be mentioned that the tempering device can optionally temper the shaping air upstream of the drive motor or downstream of the drive motor. Furthermore, the coating device according to the invention preferably has a thermally conductive connection between the heat-generating drive motor of the atomizer and the heat-emitting outer surface of the atomizer, wherein this heat-conducting compound can be effected for example by a conventional thermal paste.

Weiterhin besteht im Rahmen der Erfindung die Möglichkeit, dass die Steuereinheit die Temperierungseinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von der gemessenen Umgebungstemperatur ansteuert, um die Lenklufttemperatur unabhängig von Schwankungen der Umgebungstemperatur konstant zu halten. Die als Eingangsgröße für die Steuerung dienende Umgebungstemperatur kann hierbei wahlweise durch einen Temperatursensor gemessen, modelliert oder in sonstiger Weise vorgegeben werden.Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention, the possibility that the control unit controls the temperature control device in dependence on the measured ambient temperature to keep the steering air temperature constant regardless of fluctuations in the ambient temperature. The ambient temperature serving as the input variable for the control can hereby optionally be measured, modeled or predetermined in any other way by a temperature sensor.

Bei dem vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem elektrischen Antriebsmotor steuert die Steuereinheit die Temperierungseinrichtung vorzugsweise in Abhängigkeit von der Antriebsleistung an, um die Lenklufttemperatur unabhängig von der aktuellen Antriebsleistung und der damit verbundenen Verlustwärme in dem Antriebsmotor konstant zu halten. Die als Eingangsgröße für die Steuerung dienende Antriebsleistung kann hierbei wahlweise gemessen, modelliert oder beispielsweise durch eine Motorsteuerung vorgegeben werden.In the embodiment described above with an electric drive motor, the control unit preferably controls the temperature control device as a function of the drive power in order to keep the guide air temperature constant, independently of the current drive power and the associated heat loss in the drive motor. The drive power used as the input variable for the control can hereby optionally be measured, modeled or predetermined, for example, by a motor controller.

Ferner besteht im Rahmen der Erfindung die Möglichkeit, dass die Steuereinheit die Temperierungseinrichtung für die Lenkluft in Abhängigkeit von dem aktuellen Volumenstrom der Lenkluft ansteuert, um unabhängig von Änderungen des Volumenstroms der Lenkluft eine konstante Lenklufttemperatur zu erreichen. Der als Eingangsgröße für die Steuerung dienende Volumenstrom der Lenkluft kann beispielsweise gemessen, modelliert oder in sonstiger Weise vorgegeben werden. In dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist jedoch ein Volumenstromsensor vorgesehen, der den Volumenstrom der Lenkluft misst und den Messwert der Steuereinheit als Eingangsgröße zuführt.Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention, the possibility that the control unit controls the tempering of the shaping air in response to the current flow of the shaping air to achieve a constant shaping air temperature regardless of changes in the flow rate of the shaping air. The volume flow of the shaping air serving as an input variable for the control can be measured, modeled, for example or be prescribed in any other way. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, however, a volumetric flow sensor is provided which measures the volume flow of the shaping air and supplies the measured value to the control unit as an input variable.

Ferner besteht im Rahmen der Erfindung die Möglichkeit, dass der Zerstäuber an seiner Außenseite mindestens einen Kühlkörper aufweist, beispielsweise in Form von Kühlrippen, um möglichst konstante thermische Verhältnisse in dem Zerstäuber zu erreichen.Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention, the possibility that the atomizer has on its outer side at least one heat sink, for example in the form of cooling fins, in order to achieve the most constant thermal conditions in the atomizer.

Bei dieser Variante der Erfindung kann der Kühlkörper auch durch die Außenfläche des Zerstäubers gebildet, also bei einem Rotationszerstäuber durch die Zerstäubermantelfläche. Auch hierbei kann eine Wärmeleitpaste eingesetzt werden, um einen möglichst guten Wärmekontakt zwischen dem Wärme produzierenden Antriebsmotor und dem Kühlkörper zu erreichen.In this variant of the invention, the cooling body can also be formed by the outer surface of the atomizer, ie in a rotary atomizer through the Zerstäubermantelfläche. Here, too, a thermal paste can be used to achieve the best possible thermal contact between the heat-generating drive motor and the heat sink.

Aus der vorstehenden Beschreibung ist bereits ersichtlich, dass die Erfindung nicht nur auf eine Beschichtungseinrichtung gerichtet ist, sondern auch auf ein entsprechendes Beschichtungsverfahren.It can already be seen from the above description that the invention is directed not only to a coating device, but also to a corresponding coating method.

Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet oder werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung des bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine vereinfachte, schematische Darstellung einer er- findungsgemäßen Beschichtungseinrichtung mit einem Rotationszerstäuber und einer Temperierungseinrich- tung zur Temperierung der Lenkluft sowie
Figur 2
ein regelungstechnisches Ersatzschaltbild der Be- schichtungseinrichtung aus Figur 1.
Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are explained in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. Show it:
FIG. 1
a simplified, schematic representation of an inventive coating device with a rotary atomizer and a Temperierungseinrich- device for tempering the shaping air and
FIG. 2
a control engineering equivalent circuit diagram of the coating device off FIG. 1 ,

Die Zeichnung in Figur 1 zeigt in stark vereinfachter Form eine erfindungsgemäße Beschichtungseinrichtung mit einem Rotationszerstäuber 1, der zur Lackierung von Kraftfahrzeugkarosserieteilen oder sonstigen Bauteilen eingesetzt werden kann.The drawing in FIG. 1 shows in greatly simplified form a coating device according to the invention with a rotary atomizer 1, which can be used for painting automotive body parts or other components.

Der zu applizierende Lack wird hierbei von einem rotierenden Glockenteller 2 zerstäubt und in Form eines Sprühstrahls 3 abgegeben.The paint to be applied is in this case atomized by a rotating bell cup 2 and discharged in the form of a spray jet 3.

Der Glockenteller 2 ist hierbei auf einer drehbar gelagerten Glockentellerwelle 4 montiert, wobei die Glockentellerwelle 4 von einem hier nur schematisch dargestellten Elektromotor 5 angetrieben wird.The bell cup 2 is in this case mounted on a rotatably mounted bell-plate shaft 4, wherein the bell-plate shaft 4 is driven by an electric motor 5 shown here only schematically.

Darüber hinaus ermöglicht der Rotationszerstäuber 1 eine Formung des Sprühstrahls 3 durch Lenkluft, wobei die Lenkluft dem Rotationszerstäuber 1 über einen Anschlussflansch 6 zugeführt wird, wie noch detailliert beschrieben wird.In addition, the rotary atomizer 1 allows a shaping of the spray jet 3 by shaping air, wherein the shaping air is supplied to the rotary atomizer 1 via a connecting flange 6, as will be described in detail.

In dem Rotationszerstäuber 1 wird die Lenkluft in Lenkluftleitungen 7 zu Lenkluftdüsen 8 an der vorderen Stirnseite des Rotationszerstäubers 1 geführt, wo die Lenkluft im Wesentlichen axial von hinten auf den Sprühstrahl 3 des zu applizierenden Lacks gerichtet wird, so dass der Öffnungswinkel des Sprühstrahls 3 durch die Abgabe der Lenkluft aus den Lenkluftdüsen 8 eingestellt werden kann.In the rotary atomizer 1, the shaping air is guided in shaping air ducts 7 to shaping air nozzles 8 on the front end side of the rotary atomizer 1, where the shaping air is directed substantially axially from behind onto the spray jet 3 of the paint to be applied, so that the opening angle of the spray jet 3 through the Delivery of the shaping air from the shaping air nozzles 8 can be adjusted.

Die Lenkluftleitung 7 verläuft hierbei in dem Rotationszerstäuber 1 durch den Stator des Elektromotors 5, so dass die Lenkluft bei der Durchführung durch den Elektromotor 5 elektrische Verlustwärme aufnimmt, die im Betrieb in dem Elektromotor 5 entsteht, was zur Kühlung des Elektromotors 5 beiträgt.The steering air duct 7 in this case runs in the rotary atomizer 1 through the stator of the electric motor 5, so that the shaping air in the passage through the electric motor 5 electrical Loss of heat absorbs, which arises during operation in the electric motor 5, which contributes to the cooling of the electric motor 5.

Der Aufbau und die Funktionsweise des Rotationszerstäubers 1 ist für eine ähnliche Bauweise auch in der bereits eingangs zitierten Patentanmeldung WO 2005/110619 A1 bekannt, so dass der Inhalt dieser Patentanmeldung der vorliegenden Beschreibung in vollem Umfang zuzurechnen ist.The structure and operation of the rotary atomizer 1 is for a similar construction in the already cited patent application WO 2005/110619 A1 is known, so that the content of this patent application is fully attributable to the present description.

Weiterhin ist zu erwähnen, dass die Lenkluft beim Verlassen der Lenkluftdüsen 8 aufgrund der Drosselung einen starken Temperaturabfall erfährt, wobei dieser Temperaturabfall unter Anderem von dem Volumenstrom der applizierten Lenkluft abhängt und deshalb im Betrieb des Rotationszerstäubers 1 schwanken kann.Furthermore, it should be mentioned that, when leaving the shaping air nozzles 8, the shaping air experiences a sharp drop in temperature due to the throttling, whereby this temperature drop depends inter alia on the volume flow of the applied shaping air and can therefore fluctuate during operation of the rotary atomizer 1.

Zum einen schwankt die Lenklufttemperatur also in Abhängigkeit von der elektrischen Verlustwärme, die die Lenkluft bei der Durchleitung durch den Elektromotor 5 von dem Elektromotor 5 aufnimmt, wobei die Erwärmung der Lenkluft durch den Elektromotor 5 von der aktuellen Antriebsleistung des Elektromotors 5 abhängig ist.On the one hand, the steering air temperature therefore varies as a function of the electrical heat loss which the steering air absorbs when passing through the electric motor 5 from the electric motor 5, the heating of the steering air being dependent on the current drive power of the electric motor 5 by the electric motor 5.

Zum anderen schwankt die Lenklufttemperatur auch entsprechend dem Temperaturabfall beim Verlassen der Lenkluftdüsen 8 in Abhängigkeit von dem Volumenstrom der Lenkluft.On the other hand, the deflection air temperature also varies according to the temperature drop when leaving the shaping air nozzles 8 as a function of the volume flow of the shaping air.

Diese Schwankungen der Lenklufttemperatur lassen sich nicht durch eine eingangsseitige Temperaturregelung der zugeführten Lenkluft kompensieren, wie es aus JP 08 108 104 A bekannt ist.These fluctuations in the steering air temperature can not be compensated by an input-side temperature control of the supplied shaping air, as is the case JP 08 108 104 A is known.

Die Erfindung sieht deshalb vor, dass die Temperierung der dem Rotationszerstäuber 1 zugeführten Lenkluft in Abhängigkeit von dem aktuellen Betriebszustand des Rotationszerstäubers 1 so gesteuert wird, dass die Lenklufttemperatur nach dem Austritt aus den Lenkluftdüsen 8 einen vorgegebenen, konstanten Wert TSOLL beibehält. Dies ist vorteilhaft, weil die Qualität des Lackierprozesses dann nicht durch Schwankungen der Lenklufttemperatur in Abhängigkeit von dem Betriebszustand des Rotationszerstäubers 1 beeinträchtigt wird.The invention therefore provides that the tempering of the shaping air supplied to the rotary atomizer 1 is controlled as a function of the current operating state of the rotary atomizer 1 so that the shaping air temperature after leaving the shaping air nozzles 8 maintains a predetermined, constant value T SOLL . This is advantageous because the quality of the painting process is then not affected by fluctuations in the shaping air temperature as a function of the operating state of the rotary atomizer 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtungseinrichtung weist deshalb eine Temperierungseinrichtung 9 auf, welche die dem Rotationszerstäuber 1 zugeführte Lenkluft erwärmen und/oder abkühlen kann, um zu erreichen, dass die Lenklufttemperatur am Ausgang der Lenkluftdüsen 8 unabhängig von dem Betriebszustand des Rotationszerstäubers 1 und der damit verbundenen Erwärmung bzw. Abkühlung der Lenkluft in dem Rotationszerstäuber 1 den vorgegebenen Sollwert TSOLL einhält.The coating device according to the invention therefore has a temperature control device 9 which can heat and / or cool the shaping air supplied to the rotary atomizer 1 in order to ensure that the shaping air temperature at the outlet of the shaping air nozzles 8 is independent of the operating state of the rotary atomizer 1 and the associated heating or Cooling of the shaping air in the rotary atomizer 1 the predetermined setpoint T SOLL complies.

Die Temperierungseinrichtung wird hierbei von einer Steuereinheit 10 angesteuert, wobei die Steuereinheit 10 die Heizleistung bzw. Kühlleistung der Temperierungseinrichtung 9 in Abhängigkeit von mehreren Betriebsgrößen des Rotationszerstäubers 1 so einstellt, dass die Lenklufttemperatur am Ausgang der Lenkluftdüsen 8 den vorgegebenen Sollwert TSOLL einhält.In this case, the temperature control device is controlled by a control unit 10, wherein the control unit 10 adjusts the heating power or cooling power of the temperature control device 9 as a function of a plurality of operating variables of the rotary atomizer 1 such that the shaping air temperature at the outlet of the shaping air nozzles 8 complies with the predetermined desired value T SOLL .

Falls beispielsweise die Antriebsleistung des Elektromotors 5 erhöht wird, so nimmt auch die Verlustwärme zu, die in dem Elektromotor 5 erzeugt wird und zur Erwärmung der Lenkluft führt. Die Steuereinheit 10 steuert dann die Temperierungseinrichtung 9 so an, dass die Heizleistung der Temperierungseinrichtung 9 gesenkt bzw. die Kühlleistung der Temperierungseinrichtung 9 erhöht wird, um den gestiegenen Wärmeeintrag durch den Elektromotor 5 zu kompensieren.For example, if the drive power of the electric motor 5 is increased, so does the heat loss, which is generated in the electric motor 5 and leads to heating of the shaping air. The control unit 10 then controls the tempering device 9 in such a way that the heating power of the temperature control device 9 is lowered or the cooling power of the temperature control device 9 is increased to compensate for the increased heat input by the electric motor 5.

Im Folgenden wird nun das in Figur 2 dargestellte regelungstechnische Ersatzschaltbild der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtungseinrichtung beschrieben.The following is now the in FIG. 2 illustrated control circuit equivalent circuit diagram of the coating device according to the invention described.

Zum einen ist daraus erkennbar, dass die Steuereinheit 10 eingangsseitig mit einem Temperatursensor 11 verbunden ist, der die Umgebungstemperatur TUMGEBUNG misst, wobei die Steuereinheit 10 die Temperierungseinrichtung 9 auch in Abhängigkeit von der gemessenen Umgebungstemperatur TUMGEBUNG ansteuert.On the one hand, it can be seen that the control unit 10 is connected on the input side to a temperature sensor 11 which measures the ambient temperature T ENVIRONMENT , wherein the control unit 10 also controls the temperature control device 9 as a function of the measured ambient temperature T ENVIRONMENT .

Weiterhin ist die Steuereinheit 10 eingangsseitig mit einem Volumenstromsensor 12 verbunden, der den gesamten Volumenstrom QLENKLUFT der applizierten Lenkluft misst, wobei die Steuereinheit 10 die Temperierungseinrichtung 9 auch in Abhängigkeit von dem gemessenen Volumenstrom QLENKLUFT ansteuert.Furthermore, the control unit 10 is connected on the input side to a volumetric flow sensor 12, which measures the total volumetric flow Q STEERING AIR of the applied shaping air , the control unit 10 also actuating the temperature control device 9 as a function of the measured volume flow Q STEERING AIR .

Anstelle der vorstehend beschriebenen Bereitstellung des Volumenstroms QLENKLUFT durch den Volumenstromsensor 12 besteht alternativ die Möglichkeit, dass der Volumenstrom QLENKLUFT durch einen Volumenstromregler bereitgestellt wird, wobei der Volumenstromregler den Volumenstrom QLENKLUFT auf einen vorgegebenen Soll-Wert einregelt.Instead of the above-described provision of the volume flow Q LENKLUFT by the volume flow sensor 12 is alternatively the possibility that the volume flow Q LENKLUFT is provided by a volume flow controller, wherein the volume flow controller adjusts the flow rate Q LENKLUFT to a predetermined desired value.

Darüber hinaus nimmt die Steuereinheit 10 eingangsseitig den Sollwert TSOLL für die gewünschte Lenklufttemperatur auf, wobei die Steuereinheit 10 die Temperierungseinrichtung 9 auch in Abhängigkeit von diesem Sollwert TSOLL ansteuert.In addition, the control unit 10 receives on the input side the setpoint T SOLL for the desired shaping air temperature, the control unit 10 also controlling the temperature control device 9 as a function of this setpoint T SOLL .

Ferner kann die Steuereinheit 10 bei der Ansteuerung der Temperierungseinrichtung 9 auch noch weitere Betriebsgrößen des Rotationszerstäubers 1 berücksichtigen, wie hier nur schematisch durch einen Blockpfeil angedeutet ist.Further, the control unit 10 in the control of the temperature control device 9 also further operating variables of Consider rotary atomizer 1, as indicated here only schematically by a block arrow.

Darüber hinaus berücksichtigt die Steuereinheit 10 bei der Ansteuerung der Temperierungseinrichtung 9 die thermische Verlustleistung PTHERM, die der Elektromotor 5 in dem Rotationszerstäuber 1 erzeugt, da die thermische Verlustleistung PTHERM zur Erwärmung der Lenkluft in dem Rotationszerstäuber 1 beiträgt und deshalb im Rahmen der Temperatursteuerung kompensiert werden sollte.In addition, the control unit 10 takes into account in the control of the temperature control device 9, the thermal power loss P THERM , which generates the electric motor 5 in the rotary atomizer 1, since the thermal power loss P THERM contributes to the heating of the shaping air in the rotary atomizer 1 and therefore compensated in the context of temperature control should be.

Die thermische Verlustleistung PTHERM wird hierbei von einer Recheneinheit 13 aus der mechanischen Antriebsleistung PMECH berechnet, die von einer Motorsteuerung 14 vorgegeben wird.The thermal power loss P THERM is in this case calculated by a computing unit 13 from the mechanical drive power P MECH , which is predetermined by a motor controller 14.

Die Temperierungseinrichtung 9 besteht hierbei aus einer Heizeinrichtung 15 und einer Kühleinrichtung 16, wobei die Heizeinrichtung 15 die Lenkluft mit einer einstellbaren Heizleistung PHEIZ erwärmt, während die Kühleinrichtung 16 die Lenkluft mit einer einstellbaren Kühlleistung PKÜHL abkühlen kann.The tempering device 9 in this case consists of a heater 15 and a cooling device 16, wherein the heater 15 heats the shaping air with an adjustable heating power P HEIZ , while the cooling device 16 can cool the shaping air with an adjustable cooling power P COOL .

Zur Einstellung der Heizleistung PHEIZ steuert die Steuereinheit 10 die Heizeinrichtung 15 mit einem entsprechenden Steuersignal a an. In gleicher Weise steuert die Steuereinheit 10 die Kühleinrichtung 16 mit einem entsprechenden Steuersignal b an, um die Kühlleistung PKÜHL einzustellen.To set the heating power P HEIZ , the control unit 10 controls the heating device 15 with a corresponding control signal a. In the same way, the control unit 10 activates the cooling device 16 with a corresponding control signal b in order to set the cooling power P COOL .

Weiterhin ist in dieser Darstellung ein Lenkluftsystem 17 dargestellt, das im regelungstechnischen Sinne das thermische Verhalten der Lenkluft wiedergibt und durch die Heizleistung PHEIZ, die Kühlleistung PKÜHL und die thermische Verlustleistung PTHERM beeinflusst wird. Die Steuereinheit 10 stellt die Heizleistung PHEIZ und die Kühlleistung PKÜHL nun so ein, dass der Istwert TIST der Lenkluft unabhängig von dem aktuellen Betriebszustand des Rotationszerstäubers 1 den gewünschten Sollwert TSOLL annimmt.Furthermore, in this illustration, a steering air system 17 is shown, which reflects the thermal behavior of the steering air in terms of control technology and is influenced by the heating power P HEIZ , the cooling power P KÜHL and the thermal power loss P THERM . The control unit 10 now adjusts the heating power P HEIZ and the cooling power P KÜHL such that the actual value T IST of the shaping air assumes the desired setpoint T SOLL independently of the current operating state of the rotary atomizer 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Temperatursteuerung ist vorteilhaft, weil dadurch Schwankungen der Lenklufttemperatur im Betrieb des Rotationszerstäubers 1 vermieden werden, was zu einem konstant guten Lackierergebnis beiträgt.The temperature control according to the invention is advantageous because it avoids fluctuations in the steering air temperature during operation of the rotary atomizer 1, which contributes to a consistently good painting result.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Vielmehr ist eine Vielzahl von Varianten und Abwandlungen möglich, die ebenfalls von dem Erfindungsgedanken Gebrauch machen und deshalb in den Schutzbereich fallen.The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. Rather, a variety of variants and modifications is possible, which also make use of the inventive idea and therefore fall within the scope.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Rotationszerstäuberrotary atomizers
22
GlockentellerA bell plate
33
Sprühstrahlspray
44
GlockentellerA bell plate
55
Elektromotorelectric motor
66
Anschlussflanschflange
77
LenkluftleitungenSteering air lines
88th
LenkluftdüsenSteering air nozzles
99
Temperierungseinrichtungtempering
1010
Steuereinheitcontrol unit
1111
Temperatursensortemperature sensor
1212
VolumenstromsensorFlow Sensor
1313
Recheneinheitcomputer unit
1414
Motorsteuerungmotor control
1515
Heizeinrichtungheater
1616
Kühleinrichtungcooling device
1717
LenkluftsystemDirecting air system

Claims (15)

  1. A coating device with
    a) an atomiser (1) for the application of a spray jet (3) of a coating means onto a component to be coated,
    b) at least one shaping air nozzle (8) for discharging shaping air for shaping the spray jet (3), and
    c) a temperature-control device (9) for controlling the temperature of the shaping air,
    characterised by
    d) a control unit (10), which controls the temperature-control device (9) in dependence on at least one operating parameter (PMECH, QSHAPING.AIR ) of the atomiser (1), in order to set a predetermined shaping air temperature (TSET).
  2. The coating device according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that
    a) the shaping air is guided at least partially through the atomiser (1) to the shaping air nozzle (8), wherein the atomiser (1) thermally influences the shaping air in dependence on its operating state, and
    b) the operating parameter (PMECH) of the atomiser (1) used as an input variable for the control unit (10) determines the thermal influencing of the shaping air in the atomiser (1).
  3. The coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the temperature-control device (9) has a heating device (15) which heats the shaping air with an adjustable heating power (PHEAT).
  4. The coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
    a) the temperature-control device (9) has a cooling device (16) which cools down the shaping air with a adjustable cooling power (Pcool), and/or
    b) the atomiser (1) is a rotary atomiser which has an air bearing which is provided with motor bearing air via a bearing air supply, and in that the cooling device (16) cools the shaping air by means of the motor bearing air, and/or
    c) the cooling device (16) has a coolant supply, using which a gaseous or liquid coolant is supplied in order to cool the shaping air.
  5. The coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
    a) the atomiser (1) is a rotary atomiser which has an electric drive motor (5), and
    b) the shaping air is thermally coupled with the drive motor (5) in order to cool the drive motor (5) during operation by means of the shaping air.
    c) the shaping 15 air is guided at least to some extent through the drive motor (5) in order to achieve the thermal coupling between the shaping air and the drive motor (5), and/or
    d) the temperature-control device (9) controls the temperature of the shaping air upstream of the drive motor (5) or downstream of the drive motor (5).
  6. The coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by
    a) a heat conducting connection between the heat producing drive motor (5) of the atomiser (1) and the heat emitting external surface of the atomiser (1) is provided, and/or
    b) the heat conducting connection is effected by a heat-conductive paste.
  7. The coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
    a) a temperature sensor (11) is provided for measuring the environmental temperature (TENV), which temperature sensor is connected to the control unit (10) at the output side, and
    b) the control unit (10) controls the temperature-control device (9) in dependence on the measured environmental temperature (TENV).
  8. The coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
    a) the drive motor (5) has an adjustable driving power (PMECH), which is supplied to the control unit (10) as an input variable, and
    b) the control unit (10) controls the temperature-control device (9) in dependence on the driving power (PMECH).
  9. The coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
    a) the shaping air has an adjustable volumetric flow (QSHAPING.AIR), which is supplied to the control unit (10) as an input variable, and
    b) the control unit (10) controls the temperature-control device (9) in dependence on the volumetric flow (QSHAPING.AIR).
  10. The coating device according to Claim 9, characterised by a volumetric flow sensor (12) for measuring the volumetric flow (QSHAPING.AIR) of the shaping air, wherein the volumetric flow sensor (12) is connected to the control unit (10) at the output side.
  11. The coating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
    a) the control unit (10) controls the temperature-control device (9) in a manner free of feedback, and/or
    b) the atomiser (1) has at least one cooling body on its exterior, particularly cooling ribs.
  12. A coating method with the following steps:
    a) discharge of a spray jet (3) of a coating means onto a component to be coated by means of an atomiser (1),
    b) discharge of shaping air for shaping the spray jet (3), and
    c) tempering of the shaping air,
    characterised by the following step:
    d) control of the tempering of the shaping air in dependence on an operating parameter (PMECH, QSHAPING.AIR) of the atomiser (1), in order to set a predetermined shaping air temperature.
  13. The coating method according to Claim 12, characterised in that
    a) the shaping air is conveyed at least partially through the atomiser (1) to the shaping air nozzle (8), wherein the atomiser (1) thermally influences the shaping air in dependence on its operating state, and
    b) the operating parameter (PMECH, QSHAPING.AIR) of the atomiser (1) used as an input variable for the control unit (10) determines the thermal influencing of the shaping air in the atomiser (1).
  14. The coating method according to Claim 13, characterised in that the temperature control of the shaping air is controlled in dependence on at least one of the following operating parameters of the atomiser (1):
    a) driving power (PMECH) of a drive motor (5) of the atomiser (1),
    b) volumetric flow (QSHAPING.AIR) of the shaping air,
    c) mass flow of the shaping air,
    d) environmental temperature (TENV).
  15. The coating method according to Claim 12 or 13, characterised in that
    a) the shaping air is heated and/or cooled for temperature control, and/or
    b) the shaping air is cooled by motor bearing air of an air bearing of the atomiser (1), and/or
    c) the temperature-control device (9) is controlled free of feedback.
EP08773563A 2007-07-02 2008-06-20 Coating device and coating method having a constant directing air temperature Active EP2162227B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08773563T PL2162227T3 (en) 2007-07-02 2008-06-20 Coating device and coating method having a constant directing air temperature

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007030724A DE102007030724A1 (en) 2007-07-02 2007-07-02 Coating device and coating method with constant shaping air temperature
PCT/EP2008/005015 WO2009003602A1 (en) 2007-07-02 2008-06-20 Coating device and coating method having a constant directing air temperature

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2162227A1 EP2162227A1 (en) 2010-03-17
EP2162227B1 true EP2162227B1 (en) 2011-01-05

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Country Status (9)

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US (1) US8807077B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2162227B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5439368B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101687206B (en)
AT (1) ATE494071T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102007030724A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2358866T3 (en)
PL (1) PL2162227T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2009003602A1 (en)

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JP6126867B2 (en) * 2013-02-25 2017-05-10 東京応化工業株式会社 Coating apparatus and coating method
ITFI20130132A1 (en) * 2013-06-03 2014-12-04 Eurosider Sas Di Milli Ottavio & C METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ELECTROSTATIC PAINTING BY MEANS OF ENRICHED OXYGEN VECTOR FLUID
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Publication number Publication date
WO2009003602A1 (en) 2009-01-08
US20110159196A1 (en) 2011-06-30
US8807077B2 (en) 2014-08-19
DE102007030724A1 (en) 2009-01-08
ATE494071T1 (en) 2011-01-15
JP5439368B2 (en) 2014-03-12
CN101687206B (en) 2013-06-05
PL2162227T3 (en) 2011-06-30
DE502008002226D1 (en) 2011-02-17
CN101687206A (en) 2010-03-31
JP2010531726A (en) 2010-09-30
EP2162227A1 (en) 2010-03-17
ES2358866T3 (en) 2011-05-16

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