EP2154434B1 - Anordnung zur erkennung von verbrennungsoszillationen - Google Patents

Anordnung zur erkennung von verbrennungsoszillationen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2154434B1
EP2154434B1 EP08765124.6A EP08765124A EP2154434B1 EP 2154434 B1 EP2154434 B1 EP 2154434B1 EP 08765124 A EP08765124 A EP 08765124A EP 2154434 B1 EP2154434 B1 EP 2154434B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
combustor
oscillation detecting
combustion oscillation
pressure sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08765124.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2154434A4 (de
EP2154434A1 (de
Inventor
Satoshi Tanimura
Sosuke Nakamura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Power Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Ltd
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Application filed by Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Ltd
Publication of EP2154434A1 publication Critical patent/EP2154434A1/de
Publication of EP2154434A4 publication Critical patent/EP2154434A4/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/46—Combustion chambers comprising an annular arrangement of several essentially tubular flame tubes within a common annular casing or within individual casings
    • F23R3/48—Flame tube interconnectors, e.g. cross-over tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
    • F02C7/222—Fuel flow conduits, e.g. manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
    • F02C9/28—Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00013—Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by active means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00014—Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by passive means, e.g. by Helmholtz resonators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion oscillating detecting arrangement including an attachment structure of a combustion oscillation detecting device for use in attaching the combustion oscillation detecting device, which monitors combustion oscillations generated by combustion of fuel in a combustor, to the combustor.
  • US 2525207B discloses an ignition torch for use in igniting a combustible mixture of liquid fuel and air in combustion chambers associated with a turbine or jet-propulsion prime mover, the combustion chambers having air jackets connected by a balancing pipe.
  • one pressure sensor (combustion oscillation detecting device) must be provided for one combustor.
  • the number of expensive pressure sensors required is equal to the number of combustors, resulting in the increase of a manufacturing cost.
  • such a pressure sensor has a relatively short service life because of its use under high-temperature conditions and, consequently, must be replaced with a new one in a few years, resulting in the increase of running cost.
  • the present invention has been conceived in view of the problems described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide combustion oscillating detecting arrangement including an attachment device of a combustion oscillation detecting device capable of reducing a manufacturing cost and a running cost.
  • the present invention provides a combustion oscillating detecting arrangement as defined by claim 1 and a gas turbine according to claim 4 provided therewith.
  • casings each housing a combustion oscillation detecting device are attached in an alternating manner to cross-flame tubes by which a plurality of combustors arranged annularly in a combustor casing are connected to each other.
  • the number of expensive combustion oscillation detecting devices can be reduced in half (for example, while a conventional gas turbine including 16 combustors has required 16 combustion oscillation detecting devices, the number of combustion oscillation detecting devices can be reduced to eight by using the attachment structure of the combustion oscillation detecting device in the combustion oscillating detecting arrangement according to the present invention), so that manufacturing cost and running cost can drastically be reduced.
  • the pressure sensor is attached to the cross-flame tube, so that commonality of combustor baskets of the combustor can be achieved. Further, in the case where the cross-flame tube is rotatable about a longitudinal axis, a pressure sensor attachment position can be changed with ease, so that a high design flexibility concerning the pressure sensor attachment position can be realized. Thus, reduction in costs and improvement in maintainability can be realized.
  • the combustion oscillations generated in the combustors can also be detected in the cross-flame tube.
  • use of one pressure sensor allows detection of combustion oscillations generated in two combustors coupled to each other through a cross-flame tube to which the pressure sensor is attached.
  • a baffle plate is interposed between the casing and the cross-flame tube.
  • a gas turbine according to the present invention includes the combustion oscillating detecting arrangement capable of considerably reducing the manufacturing cost and the running cost.
  • the manufacturing cost and the running cost of the gas turbine as a whole can drastically be reduced.
  • the present invention produces an advantageous effect capable of reducing a manufacturing cost and a running cost.
  • a gas turbine for use in electric power generation and the like mainly includes a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine.
  • a generator is rotated by the turbine in order to generate electric power.
  • such a gas turbine includes a plurality of combustors.
  • a mixture of air compressed by the compressor and fuel fed into each combustor is burned in each combustor to generate high-temperature combustion gas, and then the high-temperature combustion gas is fed into the turbine.
  • FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a periphery of a combustor of a gas turbine including the attachment structure of the combustion oscillation detecting device of the combustion oscillating detecting arrangement according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 partly shows a section of the gas turbine in order to describe the arrangement of a combustor in a chamber.
  • a plurality of combustors 10 ( FIG. 1 shows only one combustor) of the gas turbine are arranged annularly in a combustor casing 11.
  • a chamber 13 is formed inside the combustor casing 11 and a gas turbine casing 12, and is filled with compressed air.
  • the air that is compressed by a compressor provided on an upstream side is introduced into the chamber 13.
  • the air is fed into the combustor 10 through an air inlet 14 provided on an upstream side of the combustor 10 and then is mixed with fuel that is also fed into the combustor 10 through a plurality of fuel nozzles 15 each provided on an upper side of the combustor 10.
  • the mixture is burned in a combustor basket (combustion liner) 16 of the combustor 10, so that a combustion gas is generated.
  • This combustion gas is fed into a turbine and rotates a turbine rotor.
  • the combustor baskets 16 of the plurality (16 in this embodiment) of combustors 10 arranged annularly in the combustor casing 11 are connected to one another through connecting pipes (cross-flame tubes) 17.
  • connecting pipes cross-flame tubes
  • the flame ignition gas travels (passes, propagates) through the connecting pipes 17 by a differential pressure between the combustor 10 and the remaining combustors 10 at which ignition has not occurred yet.
  • the connecting pipe 17 serves as an igniting device or a flame sustaining device for the combustor 10.
  • the attachment structure 20 of the combustion oscillation detecting device of the combustion oscillating detecting arrangement includes a casing 22 that houses a pressure sensor (combustion oscillation detecting device) 21, and a conduit 23 that communicates between an interior of the connecting pipe 17 and an interior of the casing 22 and transmits to the pressure sensor 21 pressure fluctuation propagating through the connecting pipe 17.
  • the plurality of attachment structures 20 of the combustion oscillation detecting device are provided for the connecting pipes 17 one by one in an alternating manner.
  • the connecting pipe 17 having the attachment structure 20 of the combustion oscillation detecting device and the connecting pipe 17 having no attachment structure 20 of the combustion oscillation detecting device are arranged in an alternating manner.
  • the pressure sensor 21 detects (monitors) the pressure fluctuations caused by combustion oscillations.
  • the pressure sensor 21 may be a sensor using a piezo element (piezoelectric element), for example.
  • the conduit 23 is made of, for example, stainless steel (SUS), and one end thereof on an inlet side (connecting pipe 17 side) is fixed on an attachment seat 25 provided at a side face of the connecting pipe 17 with an adapter 24 being interposed therebetween.
  • a baffle plate 26 having a plurality (seven in this embodiment) of through holes 26a (see FIG. 5 ) each penetrating therethrough in a thickness direction is provided on one end of the attachment seat 25 on the inlet side (connecting pipe 17 side).
  • the combustor basket 16 and the connecting pipe 17 are coupled (connected) by a coupling (connecting) member called Marman coupling (product name) 27 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the number of expensive pressure sensors 21 can be reduced in half, (for example, while a conventional gas turbine including 16 combustors 10 has required 16 pressure sensors 21, the number of the pressure sensors can be reduced to eight by using the attachment structure 20 of the combustion oscillation detecting device of the combustion oscillating detecting arrangement according to the present invention) so that the manufacturing cost and the running cost can drastically be reduced.
  • temperature of the pressure sensor 21 during operation of the gas turbine can be reduced.
  • a pressure sensor 21 attached directly to a wall of a combustor basket 16 has been subjected to significantly high temperature.
  • the pressure sensor 21 is provided at a position spaced away from the combustor basket 16. Therefore, temperature of the pressure sensor 21 during operation of the gas turbine can be reduced so that the pressure sensor 21 can be prevented from damaging due to heat, and extension of a service life of the pressure sensor 21 can be realized.
  • the pressure sensor 21 has been attached to a wall of a combustor basket 16. According to this manner, occasionally, an attachment position of the pressure sensor 21 varies depending on arrangement of the combustor baskets 16 in the combustor casing 11. Consequently, various combustor baskets 16 must be designed and manufactured. According to this embodiment, on the other hand, the pressure sensor 21 is attached to the connecting pipe 17, so that commonality of the combustor baskets 16 can be achieved.
  • the connecting pipe 17, which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis, facilitates change in the attachment position of the pressure sensor 21, so that a high design flexibility concerning the attachment position of the pressure sensor 21 can be realized. Thus, reduction in costs and improvement in maintainability can be achieved.
  • the pressure sensor 21 can be located (disposed) in the vicinity of the connecting pipe 17, which is close to the flame and, therefore, can detect (monitor) the pressure fluctuations by the combustion oscillations with accuracy and reliability.
  • the pressure sensor 21 has a sequence incorporated therein in order to, upon detection of abnormal pressure fluctuations, give an alarm in accordance with a level (degree) of the pressure fluctuations or to urgently shut down the gas turbine while giving an alarm.
  • the pressure sensor 21 attached to the connecting pipe 17 can detect abnormal pressure fluctuations occurring at one of the combustors 10 connected to each other through the connecting pipe 17, and can operate the sequence described above.
  • the casing 22 is attached to the connecting pipe 17 with the conduit 23 being interposed therebetween; however, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the casing 22 may be attached directly to the connecting pipe 17 without the conduit 23 being interposed therebetween.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Eine Anordnung zur Erfassung von Verbrennungsoszillationen mit:
    einer Vielzahl von Quer-Flammenrohren (17),
    einer Vielzahl von Brennkammern (10), und
    einer Vielzahl von Befestigungsstrukturen (20), die jeweils ein Gehäuse (22) aufweisen, das eine Verbrennungsoszillations-Erfassungseinrichtung (21) aufnimmt und an jedem zweiten Quer-Flammenrohr in einer Reihe der Quer-Flammenrohre (17) angebracht ist, durch welche die Vielzahl von Brennkammern (10), die in einem Brennkammergehäuse (11) in Ringform angeordnet sind, miteinander verbunden sind.
  2. Die Anordnung zur Erfassung von Verbrennungsoszillationen gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei eine Prallplatte (26) zwischen jedem Gehäuse (22) und dem Quer-Flammenrohr (17) eingefügt ist.
  3. Die Anordnung zur Erfassung von Verbrennungsoszillationen gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, ferner mit einer Leitung (23), die angeordnet ist, um eine Verbindung zwischen einem Inneren des Quer-Flammenrohrs (17) und einem Inneren des Gehäuses (22) so herzustellen, dass eine Druckschwankung, die sich durch das Quer-Flammenrohr (17) fortplanzt, zu der Verbrennungsoszillations-Erfassungseinrichtung (21) übertragen wird.
  4. Eine Gasturbine mit der Anordnung zur Erfassung von Verbrennungsoszillationen gemäß Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3.
EP08765124.6A 2007-06-11 2008-06-04 Anordnung zur erkennung von verbrennungsoszillationen Active EP2154434B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007154398A JP4838763B2 (ja) 2007-06-11 2007-06-11 燃焼振動検出装置の取付構造
PCT/JP2008/060311 WO2008152964A1 (ja) 2007-06-11 2008-06-04 燃焼振動検出装置の取付構造

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2154434A1 EP2154434A1 (de) 2010-02-17
EP2154434A4 EP2154434A4 (de) 2014-09-03
EP2154434B1 true EP2154434B1 (de) 2017-08-09

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08765124.6A Active EP2154434B1 (de) 2007-06-11 2008-06-04 Anordnung zur erkennung von verbrennungsoszillationen

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US8418475B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2154434B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4838763B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101003652B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101568767B (de)
WO (1) WO2008152964A1 (de)

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CN102010679B (zh) * 2007-01-10 2013-05-08 日立化成株式会社 电路部件连接用粘接剂及使用该粘接剂的半导体装置
EP2383515B1 (de) * 2010-04-28 2013-06-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brennersystem zur Dämpfung eines solchen Brennersystems
US8646278B2 (en) 2011-02-08 2014-02-11 General Electric Company Condition measurement apparatus and method
US8978388B2 (en) * 2011-06-03 2015-03-17 General Electric Company Load member for transition duct in turbine system
US9222674B2 (en) * 2011-07-21 2015-12-29 United Technologies Corporation Multi-stage amplification vortex mixture for gas turbine engine combustor
US20140123649A1 (en) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-08 Juan E. Portillo Bilbao Acoustic damping system for a combustor of a gas turbine engine
US9976915B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2018-05-22 Siemens Energy, Inc. Temperature measurement in a gas turbine engine combustor
US9400111B2 (en) * 2014-01-17 2016-07-26 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine
US9752959B2 (en) 2014-03-13 2017-09-05 Siemens Energy, Inc. Nonintrusive transceiver and method for characterizing temperature and velocity fields in a gas turbine combustor
US9746360B2 (en) 2014-03-13 2017-08-29 Siemens Energy, Inc. Nonintrusive performance measurement of a gas turbine engine in real time
US9845956B2 (en) * 2014-04-09 2017-12-19 General Electric Company System and method for control of combustion dynamics in combustion system
US10161635B2 (en) 2014-06-13 2018-12-25 Rolls-Royce Corporation Combustor with spring-loaded crossover tubes
CN108870439A (zh) * 2018-07-27 2018-11-23 中国东方电气集团有限公司 一种用于燃烧设备的燃烧振荡控制结构
KR102125448B1 (ko) * 2018-09-11 2020-06-22 두산중공업 주식회사 화염전파관, 연소기 및 이를 포함하는 가스터빈

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JPH1194672A (ja) * 1997-09-19 1999-04-09 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 圧力検出装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101568767A (zh) 2009-10-28
KR101003652B1 (ko) 2010-12-23
CN101568767B (zh) 2011-02-02
KR20090089312A (ko) 2009-08-21
EP2154434A4 (de) 2014-09-03
JP4838763B2 (ja) 2011-12-14
WO2008152964A1 (ja) 2008-12-18
JP2008303861A (ja) 2008-12-18
US8418475B2 (en) 2013-04-16
EP2154434A1 (de) 2010-02-17
US20100132375A1 (en) 2010-06-03

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