EP2149012A1 - Procédé de combustion d'un combustible - Google Patents

Procédé de combustion d'un combustible

Info

Publication number
EP2149012A1
EP2149012A1 EP08749366A EP08749366A EP2149012A1 EP 2149012 A1 EP2149012 A1 EP 2149012A1 EP 08749366 A EP08749366 A EP 08749366A EP 08749366 A EP08749366 A EP 08749366A EP 2149012 A1 EP2149012 A1 EP 2149012A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
oxygen
combustion zone
fuel
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08749366A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Malte E. C. Förster
Reinhold Kneer
Dobrin Toporov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rhein-Westf Techn Hochschule
RHEIN WESTF TECHN HOCHSCHULE
Original Assignee
Rhein-Westf Techn Hochschule
RHEIN WESTF TECHN HOCHSCHULE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rhein-Westf Techn Hochschule, RHEIN WESTF TECHN HOCHSCHULE filed Critical Rhein-Westf Techn Hochschule
Publication of EP2149012A1 publication Critical patent/EP2149012A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
    • F23C3/008—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion for pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/003—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
    • F23C2202/10—Premixing fluegas with fuel and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/03004—Tubular combustion chambers with swirling fuel/air flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/03008—Spherical or bulb-shaped combustion chambers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of combusting fuel introduced into a combustion zone of a burner using oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, the invention relates to a burner which is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • This reaction produces a volume doubling because one mole of carbon dioxide produces two moles of carbon monoxide.
  • higher flow rates occur, which adversely affect the stability of the combustion reaction, ie the combustion process.
  • heat is consumed in the above endothermic reaction, which also leads to the destabilization of the combustion process.
  • the combustion temperature rises again to a range at which the reductive conversion of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide can take place.
  • the combustion process is weakened by the mentioned feedback processes, since there are no constant conditions for the combustion. Therefore, to stabilize the combustion process so far the combustion zone oxygen has been supplied with a volume fraction of at least 21%, whereby the temperature of the combustion process can be kept relatively constant. Through this use of oxygen, a corresponding combustion is relatively expensive.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by the method of burning fuel introduced into a combustion zone of a burner using oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
  • the fuel may be fossil fuel, such as coal or the like, which is suitably introduced into the combustion zone.
  • the mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide is preferably formed from an oxygen-enriched flue gas, which flue gas is withdrawn from the combustion chamber and then fed back.
  • a circular flow is generated in the combustion zone through which a homogeneous mixing of hot combustion products with the fuel and the oxygen or the fuel and the mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place in the combustion zone.
  • This circular flow transports heat and products of combustion in the combustion zone of the burner, thereby stabilizing the combustion in the combustion zone of the burner because the above-described heat reduction produced by the endothermic reaction is compensated by the retention of hot combustion products in the combustion zone. This does not include conditions found in flox technology, with air as the oxidizer.
  • parameters such as feed rates of the oxygen or mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide and the fuel and structural characteristics of the burner must be taken into account.
  • a suitable burner has, for example, in the feed region of the substances, tear-off edges for the flow through which turbulence of the supplied substances can take place. Furthermore, an adequately designed space must be available in the combustion zone of the burner, which allows a turbulent flow to form a circular flow in the form of a strongly recirculating flow.
  • an advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the circular flow is formed in the form of a strongly recirculating flow substantially in the entire combustion zone of the burner, whereby the combustion process is maximally stabilized and the oxygen content in the combustion zone can be largely reduced.
  • the highly recirculating flow is formed in at least 50% of the combustion zone.
  • the recirculating flow is in at least 80% of the combustion zone educated.
  • the recirculating flow is formed in at least 90% of the combustion zone.
  • a flue gas formed during the combustion is removed from the combustion zone.
  • This flue gas has a high carbon dioxide content and can be stored after removal, so that the carbon dioxide emissions in the combustion of the invention is largely reduced.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the flue gas is enriched with oxygen and then introduced into the combustion zone.
  • the flue gas is enriched with oxygen and then introduced into the combustion zone.
  • the fuel is introduced together with the oxygen and / or the flue gas in the combustion zone, wherein the flue gas may be a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
  • the flue gas may be a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the fuel, the oxygen and / or the flue gas from different directions or the same direction are introduced into the combustion zone.
  • the formation of the circular flow in the form of a strongly recirculating flow can thus be promoted by the choice of the introduction variant of the substances into the combustion zone.
  • an opposite introduction of the substances can lead to the formation of the strongly recirculating flow.
  • the components of the flue gases are completely burned in the combustion zone or deducted for other uses outside the combustion zone from this.
  • carbon monoxide can be generated in a targeted manner, which can be removed from the burner and used as starting material for certain chemical syntheses.
  • the above object of the present invention is achieved in that the combustion zone of the burner has fluidic devices, so that it is suitable for forming the circular flow in the form of a strongly recirculating flow, whereby the method according to the invention can be used.
  • the burner has a plurality of supply channels, which belong to the fluid mechanical devices of the burner. Through these feed channels, the introduction of the fuel, the oxygen, the mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide and the flue gas into the combustion zone of the burner takes place.
  • a plurality of said substances can be supplied via a feed, whereby a uniform mixing of these substances takes place prior to introduction into the combustion zone, which may have an advantageous effect on the combustion.
  • the substances can each be introduced via a separate feed channel, if preferred.
  • the feed channels can be arranged such that a supply of the substances from different or the same direction takes place. For example, the formation of the circular flow is promoted and reinforced by an approximately opposite introduction of substances, which has an advantageous effect on the reducibility of the amount of oxygen required during combustion.
  • the burner has a swirling device.
  • a swirling device which may be formed for example as a fan or the like, the formation of the circular flow in the form of a strong recirculating flow favors, which brings the described advantage of oxygen reduction with it.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a burner according to the invention, in which burned in the combustion zone fuel according to the inventive method.
  • Fig. 1 shows a burner 1 with a combustion zone 2, in which two feed channels 3 and 4 are provided, which are arranged side by side and through which a carbonaceous fuel 5 together with an oxygen-enriched flue gas 6 or only an oxygen-enriched flue gas 7 of the combustion zone 2 of the burner 1 are supplied.
  • the flow velocities of the substances 6 and 7 should in this case be selected such that the circular flow 8 indicated by the arrows in FIG. 1 forms in the form of a strongly recirculating flow in the combustion zone 2 due to a difference between the flow velocities of the substances 6 and 7.
  • the feed channel 4 shown on the right preferably has a greater flow velocity than the gaseous fluid 6, which flows in through the feed channel 3 shown on the left with the admixture of pulverulent fuel 5.
  • the left half of the circular flow 8 leads the combustion zone 2 automatically hot combustion products, whereby the combustion can be stabilized in the combustion zone 2.
  • the feed channels 3 and 4 are arranged somehow different or have a different number, which is particularly suitable to form a possibly the entire combustion zone 2-filling circular flow in the form of a strong recirculating flow 8.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de combustion d'un combustible (5), introduit dans une zone de combustion (2) d'un brûleur (1), au moyen d'oxygène ou d'un mélange d'oxygène et de dioxyde de carbone. L'invention concerne également un brûleur permettant la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé. L'objectif de l'invention est de fournir un procédé, selon lequel une combustion stable du combustible peut être réalisée au moyen d'oxygène ou d'un mélange d'oxygène et de dioxyde de carbone présentant une teneur en oxygène de préférence inférieure à 21 % en volume. A cet effet, un courant circulaire (8) est produit dans la zone de combustion (2), lequel courant permet un mélangeage homogène de produits de combustion chauds avec le combustible (5) et l'oxygène, d'une part, et avec le combustible (5) et le mélange d'oxygène et de dioxyde de carbone, d'autre part, dans la zone de combustion (2).
EP08749366A 2007-05-07 2008-05-07 Procédé de combustion d'un combustible Withdrawn EP2149012A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007021799A DE102007021799A1 (de) 2007-05-07 2007-05-07 Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Brennmaterial
PCT/EP2008/003646 WO2008135275A1 (fr) 2007-05-07 2008-05-07 Procédé de combustion d'un combustible

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2149012A1 true EP2149012A1 (fr) 2010-02-03

Family

ID=39750066

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08749366A Withdrawn EP2149012A1 (fr) 2007-05-07 2008-05-07 Procédé de combustion d'un combustible

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20100190118A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2149012A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2008248857A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007021799A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008135275A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (25)

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US2881719A (en) * 1949-07-08 1959-04-14 Babcock & Wilcox Co Cyclone furnace
US2717563A (en) * 1950-01-16 1955-09-13 Babcock & Wilcox Co Horizontal cyclone furnace
FR1452368A (fr) * 1965-10-22 1966-02-25 Tsni I Pk I Im I I Polzunova Foyer horizontal cylindrique à décrassage par fusion de cendres
GB1455723A (en) * 1973-02-14 1976-11-17 Shell Int Research Process and apparatus for the manufacture of gases by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons
US4217132A (en) * 1977-09-27 1980-08-12 Trw Inc. Method for in-flight combustion of carbonaceous fuels
WO1986001876A1 (fr) * 1984-09-12 1986-03-27 Air (Anti Pollution Industrial Research) Ltd. Procede et appareil pour conduire un processus de combustion essentiellement isothermique dans une chambre de combustion
EP0289487B1 (fr) * 1986-10-27 1994-06-15 Trw Inc. Systeme de combustion a scorification
DE4308001A1 (de) * 1993-03-13 1994-09-15 Erk Eckrohrkessel Primärmaßnahme zur Schadstoffreduzierung von Rauchgasen aus einer Verbrennungsanlage
DE4313102A1 (de) * 1993-04-22 1994-10-27 Sbw Sonderabfallentsorgung Bad Verfahren zum Reduzieren der Abgasmengen zur Eliminierung von NO¶x¶-Emissionen bei der Verbrennung, vorzugsweise bei der Abfallverbrennung
US5415114A (en) * 1993-10-27 1995-05-16 Rjc Corporation Internal air and/or fuel staged controller
US5593298A (en) * 1995-04-10 1997-01-14 Combustion Components Associates, Inc. Pollutant reducing modification of a tangentially fired furnace
US5827054A (en) * 1996-01-11 1998-10-27 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Compound burner vane
DE19652967C1 (de) * 1996-12-19 1998-04-09 Sbw Sonderabfallentsorgung Bad Feuerbestattungseinrichtung
DE19703197A1 (de) * 1997-01-30 1998-08-06 Umsicht Inst Fuer Umwelt Siche Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Holz und/oder Biomassen
US6079974A (en) * 1997-10-14 2000-06-27 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Combustion chamber to accommodate a split-stream of recycled gases
DE19806823C2 (de) * 1998-02-18 1999-12-09 Loesche Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verbrennung vanadiumhaltiger Brennstoffe
US6089855A (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-07-18 Thermo Power Corporation Low NOx multistage combustor
US6138588A (en) * 1999-08-10 2000-10-31 Abb Alstom Power Inc. Method of operating a coal-fired furnace to control the flow of combustion products
FR2802616B1 (fr) * 1999-12-16 2002-02-08 Inst Francais Du Petrole Methode et dispositif d'auto-combustion de dechets organiques graisseux comportant un foyer a chauffe tangentielle
US6565010B2 (en) * 2000-03-24 2003-05-20 Praxair Technology, Inc. Hot gas atomization
US6450108B2 (en) * 2000-03-24 2002-09-17 Praxair Technology, Inc. Fuel and waste fluid combustion system
US6685464B2 (en) * 2001-03-28 2004-02-03 L'Air Liquide - Societe Anonyme à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges Claude High velocity injection of enriched oxygen gas having low amount of oxygen enrichment
AU2003271487A1 (en) * 2002-10-23 2004-05-13 Swiss E-Technic Ag Combustion method and burner head, burner comprising one such burner head, and boiler comprising one such burner head
US6951454B2 (en) * 2003-05-21 2005-10-04 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Dual fuel burner for a shortened flame and reduced pollutant emissions
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Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008135275A1 (fr) 2008-11-13
AU2008248857A1 (en) 2008-11-13
DE102007021799A1 (de) 2008-11-13
WO2008135275A4 (fr) 2009-01-29
US20100190118A1 (en) 2010-07-29

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