EP2144720B1 - Method and device for profile bending - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for the planar and spatial bending of rod-shaped, having a longitudinal axis components, such as tubes and profiles (2), with two along the longitudinal axis successively arranged roller systems A and B, wherein the component driven by the roller system A and in the Roller system B is introduced and wherein by a movement of the roller system B relative to the roller system A transversely to the longitudinal axis while the component is transported by the roller systems, the rod-shaped member is bent. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method.

A method and a device of the type mentioned is from the DE 197 17 232 A1 known. For this purpose, a gimbal-mounted bending head station is used, which has 4 cross-shaped arranged in end shields rolls / rollers. For the propulsion of the profile to be bent support rollers are used, which are set before the bending process and detected in this position.

Furthermore, from the DE 196 30 025 A1 a device for bending rod-shaped components known, in which a bending roller is set and fixed in position before the actual bending process.

In the EP 1 087 278 A2 a control program (NC program) is described for a bending device in which the springback when twisting the profile to be deformed is to be counteracted. For this purpose, a control signal is formed from the difference between the theoretically calculated relative rotation and the actual relative rotation. The profile is then twisted until the permanent torsion corresponds to the desired value, even after springing back the profile.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device in order to be able to bend any rod-shaped components in two or three dimensions without springback. It should be bent in two or three dimensions in addition to cross-sectionally circular tubes and any profile cross-sections. The total length of the tubes and profiles should not be limited by the structure of the device according to the invention.

To solve this problem, a method with the features of claim 1 is proposed, an apparatus for performing the method is shown in claim 15. Further advantageous embodiment will become apparent from the dependent claims 2-14 and 16-21.

For bending pipes, mainly dumbbells are used today ( Franz, W.-D .: Maschinelles Rohrbiegen. Procedures and machines. VDI publishing house, ISBN 3-18-400814-2, 1988 ). For 3D bending, the pipe to be bent is rotated by rotating the tube cross-section and brought into another bending plane in these machines, in which then bent further. This change in the bending planes produces corresponding 3D contours. However, only fixed, predetermined by the bending tools radii are possible. Furthermore, the generation of 3D bends in profiles on such machines is impossible because changing the bending plane in a profile, unlike tubes with a circular cross-section, the required tool cross-section changes.

Furthermore, so-called "free formers" are known, which are also used only for pipes and are often installed as special tools in mandrel bending machines ( Rasi Maschinenbau GmbH .: Everything under control during tube bending. Sheet metal pipes profiles, 09. 2002., p. 40 ff ). The principle of this "freeformer" is roll bending, whereby the pipes are guided between at least 3 rolls in one plane. To change the bending plane, the tube must first be twisted between the rollers. Very helpful here again is the circular cross section of pipes. It is not possible with this principle to bend non-circular profiles spatially, as they jam in the bending rollers.

Furthermore, in recent years, free-form bending machines have become known which operate with sliding guides ( Neugebauer R .; Blue P .; Drossel WG .: 3D free-form bending of profiles. ZWG, 2001, 11-12 .). The tube or profile is thereby pushed through corresponding, relative zuelnander verselzie guide sleeves, the dabel bend the profile. Here is a disadvantage that an additional strong pusher is required, and that the large frictional forces that occur can damage the surface of the pipe or profile. Therefore, lubricants are usually used in these machines, which must be removed after processing consuming of the workpieces. The disadvantage here is also that for each type of profile each matching sleeves must be made, which, due to the high surface pressures, made of expensive ceramic materials. In these free-form bending machines, the spatial direction in which the profile exits the machine always depends on the contour of the bent part. Therefore, there is a complex, multi-axis kinematics of the guide sleeves necessary to accurately map the space curve of the bending part, which can be very complex and expensive such a free-form bending machine. Furthermore, in the event that a measurement of the profile at the exit of the machine is desired during the process (eg for regulatory purposes), a complicated sensor system capable of taking up 3D coordinates is necessary.

In all systems that are used today, a relatively expensive pusher is used, which pushes the profile over the longitudinal axis form fit. The profile must be performed relatively expensive in order to avoid buckling of the profile by the longitudinal force. Furthermore, this is disadvantageous because the overall length of the processable tubes and profiles is limited by a pusher.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device with which any rod-shaped components can be bent in two or three dimensions. In particular, in addition to circular tubes, any desired profiles can be bent two- or three-dimensionally, with the total length of the tubes or profiles not being limited by the construction of the device according to the invention.

The solution of the object according to the invention results from the characterizing features of claims 1 and 15 in cooperation with the features of the preamble. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The invention according to claim 1 relates to a method of bending rod-shaped members having a longitudinal axis, such as e.g. Tubes or profiles in which the propulsion of the pipe or profile through the machine via a first roller system A, the transport rollers, frictionally engaged. At the output of the machine, a second roller system B, the bending rollers, arranged. By using the roller system A as a drive tilting or distortion of a component between a pusher and Biegehülsen, as they occur in known devices avoided. Due to the longitudinal axis parallel. Feed in the roll system A, a forming zone is fixed discreetly between the roll systems A and B. Interactions with applied over the entire component voltages and associated variations in the deformation can no longer occur in the process of the invention.

The rollers of the roller system A can be arranged in a plane, or they can be arranged distributed around the tube or profile cross-section, wherein they partially or completely enclose them. The introduction of force takes place via a plurality of rollers lying next to and / or behind one another on the component. By evenly applied over the rollers pressure force an at least teilumschließende, longitudinal axis parallel support is achieved, in which the pressing force is securely held below the plastic region.

It is also possible, with the rollers on the pipe or profile exerting a force acting substantially perpendicular to the pipe or profile longitudinal axis force to improve the frictional propulsion. The rollers may be profiled and / or have a coating which optimizes the frictional contacts. By roller profiling, which are pressed elastically on the component surface, the holding force of the roller system A is advantageously increased. By elastic coatings, the pressure force is distributed more evenly and a plastic deformation of the Component in the roller system A preferably avoided at superimposed shear forces. Such a coating may consist of a polymer. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, it consists of a vulcanized layer of an Elasiomers. With a roller system A with controlled adjustable contact pressure components of different wall thickness or of different materials of different elasticity can be supplied to the roller system B with part and component dependent set holding force advantageous. A plastic deformation in the roller system A is thus reliably avoided and the deformation in the area of the forming zone always achieves the same result.

By constant propulsion through the roller system A bent components can be provided with a constant production speed. This production can be integrated particularly advantageous in clocked, continuous production processes. By the roller drive system components of any length can be presented at a constant speed.

At the output of the machine, the second roller system B, the bending rollers, arranged. The roller system B consists of pairs arranged around the pipe or profile circumference rollers. The entire roller system B is disposed on an independent support system and movable relative to the roller system A in at least a first plane. The bend of the tube or profile is made by changing the relative position of the roller systems A and B to each other while the tube or profile is being transported by the roller systems.

With oppositely arranged roller surfaces in the system B, a transverse force is preferably distributed uniformly over the component cross section. By small-area, ideally point or cross-line support of the rollers on the component surface, a tangential support of the roller system B is guaranteed on the component. Rollers with a larger contact surface are tracked during bending in tangential alignment of the support surface to the component surface. Tilting of the component between the roller systems A and B is thus safely avoided.

In this case, already allows a mobility of the roller system B in one axis, the bending of 2D contours. In this example, S-shaped planar contours are possible by a corresponding positioning of the roller system B to the fixed roller system A.

In an advantageous embodiment, the roller systems enclosing the rod-shaped component have adjusting mechanisms. This makes it possible to machine pipes and profiles with different cross sections. For example, the roll systems can be be adjusted by each adjustable in their distance from the longitudinal axis rollers on components with asymmetrically profiled sections having different cross-sections. Such structured sections can be bent in sections, adjusting the roller systems to the changed component cross-section directly, without lengthy replacement of roles. Furthermore, so that the contact pressure of the rollers can be adjusted to ensure a frictional transport in the roller system A. The rollers of the roller system B are thereby preferably set to a low coefficient of friction, which additionally favors the sliding of the component along the preferably tangentially guided bearing surfaces of the rollers.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the rollers of the roller system B are likewise drivable. The drive of the component takes place at an angle α to the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped component. About frictional contact in the roller bearing surfaces can be superimposed by increased or reduced propulsion of the roller system B in the forming zone between the roller systems an additional tensile or compressive stress.

By additionally superposed stresses springback and elastic deformation can already be compensated during bending. The desired transformation can thus be obtained in only one forming process without time-consuming post-processing. In particular, profiled components can thus be faithfully bent while preserving their component cross-section without buckling.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the roller system B in a further plane, which is aligned at right angles to the first plane E1, by a rotational angle β rotatable. The rotational angle β is varied in the process of the roller system so that the bearing surfaces of the rollers are guided tangentially to the component surface. As a result of the additional rotation, a torsional stress for the above-described compensation can be superimposed on the deformation zone.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the roller system B in a further plane, which is aligned at right angles to the first plane, by a rotational angle β rotatable. The rotational angle β is varied in the process of the roller system so that the bearing surfaces of the rollers are guided tangentially to the component surface. As a result of the additional rotation, a torsional stress for the above-described compensation can be superimposed on the deformation zone.

The roller systems A and B are each rotatable about the profile longitudinal axis by appropriate rotary mechanisms. As a result, during the bending process, the bending plane can be rotated about the profile longitudinal axis, whereby a third plane can be influenced and 3D-curved components can be produced. With sufficient rotation of the roller systems thus all possible space curves can be generated. That is, in this embodiment, bends in all three spatial directions are already possible through the use of only two driven axles. The first axis moves the roller system at the exit of the machines and thus generates the bending of the profile. Due to the rotation of the roller systems A and B, the second axis makes it possible to change the bending planes and thus the bending of 3D contours. This is advantageous in comparison to the freeforms in the prior art, which are considerably more expensive with many synchronized axes to be traversed. By rotation of the roller systems against each other, an additional torsional stress can be superimposed for the above-described compensation during forming.

An advantage of this device is that, in contrast to the previously described free-form bending machines, the profile with respect to the machine always comes in only one plane from the roller system. For a measurement of the profile during the process therefore relatively simple systems, which record only 2D coordinates, are sufficient. If the position of the last pair of rollers is taken to ensure that the profile is tangential to the system, even only a 1-D measurement of the exiting profile is sufficient to detect the entire contour.

The data obtained are fed back into the control unit of the machine, thus allowing a controlled process that corrects the fluctuations in the bending behavior of the semi-finished products with regard to a more accurate contour. In this case, it is particularly advantageous according to the invention if characteristic relationships between the setting values of the machine axes and the bending result are stored in a database and taken into account by the control program during operation. In the dissertation of S. Chatti "Optimization of manufacturing accuracy in profile bending", Dr. Ing. Ing. Dissertation University of Dortmund, Shaker Verlag Aachen 1998 the corresponding bases for the relationships between the setting values of the machine axes for controlling profile bending processes are shown.

In the bending device according to the invention, a torsional moment is introduced into the bending zone between the roller system A and the roller system B. Thereby it is e.g. possible to reduce the bending forces by a Torsionsspannungsüberlagerung or counteract the asymmetrical profile cross sections of the unwanted torsion. Thus, in particular with profiled components a form faithful forming can be achieved. For this purpose, the axis of rotation of the machine is set around the profile longitudinal axis at different angles in the outlet roller system and in the other roller systems. This can be done, as with all moving axes of the machine, by manual or NC control of the drive axles, which may be electrical or hydraulic.

In a further advantageous embodiment, at the rear part of the device, at which the profile is introduced as a semi-finished product into the process, a mandrel system is mounted, which comprises a mandrel, e.g. holds in a limb-dome-like design, in the forming zone of the process and so the occurrence of cross-sectional deformations z. B. may occur in hollow sections, reduced.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to several embodiments.

Figur 1:

Gesamtansicht der Vorrichtung mit einer Vergrößerung des Rollensystems B mit einem eingespannten Profil während der Biegung in einer Ebene

Figur 2:

Längsschnitt der Biegevorrichtung mit der Abgrenzung der Baugruppen der beiden Rollensysteme A und B

Figur 3:

Vorderansicht der Vorrichtung bei einer Biegung in einer Ebene.

Figur 4:

Draufsicht der Vorrichtung bei einer Biegung in einer Ebene.

Figur 5:

Gesamtdarstellung der Biegevorrichtung bei Biegeebenenwechsel durch Verdrehen der Rollensysteme A und B bei gleichzeitigem Wechsel der Biegerichtung.

Figur 6:

Vorderansicht des Biegeebenenwechsels und Richtungswechsels.

Figur 7:

Draufsicht auf eine Vorrichtung mit taktilem Kontursensor.

Figur 8:

Prinzipieller Aufbau zur Regelung eines Biegeprozesses

Figur 9:

Erfindungsgemäße Biegevorrichtung mit einer Schneidwerkzeugerweiterung für fliegendes Abtrennen

Show it:

FIG. 1:

Overall view of the device with an enlargement of the roller system B with a clamped profile during the bending in a plane

FIG. 2:

Longitudinal section of the bending device with the delimitation of the assemblies of the two roller systems A and B.

FIG. 3:

Front view of the device when bent in a plane.

FIG. 4:

Top view of the device at a bend in a plane.

FIG. 5:

Overall view of the bending device for bending plane change by turning the roller systems A and B while changing the bending direction.

FIG. 6:

Front view of the bending plane change and change of direction.

FIG. 7:

Top view of a device with a tactile contour sensor.

FIG. 8:

Basic structure for controlling a bending process

FIG. 9:

Inventive bending device with a cutting tool extension for flying separation

In Fig. 1 one sees an exemplary embodiment of the invention. There, two profiled roller pairs 1 have been arranged one behind the other for the axial drive of the profile 2. These pairs of rollers are arranged on a housing 4, in which the corresponding drive of all roles and a mechanism for adjusting and pressing the pairs of rollers are integrated. On the housing 4, the ring 5 and the shaft socket 6 are mounted, which allow in the bearing housings 7 and 8, a rotation of the entire housing. This rotational movement is in this embodiment by a hydraulic cylinder 9, which allows in this case a rotation of 90 degrees in total; but here is also a rotary drive (electrical or hydraulic type), which would enable a full 360 degrees. Through this rotation and the fully enclosed profile, the profile can be twisted around the longitudinal axis during the bending process.

The roller system 3, which is located at the outlet of the machine is executed like a die and encloses the profile cross-section of four sides by means of bending rollers 3a, b, c, d. It can also be adjusted radially when changing the profile type to the corresponding profile cross-section. This system is also able in this embodiment to carry out the rotation about the longitudinal axis of the profile to be bent, and is also driven. This allows in this embodiment, in addition to changing the bending plane, the introduction of a torsional moment in the process with the advantages mentioned above. An additional axis of rotation perpendicular to the profile longitudinal axis is required to ensure the tangency of the roller assembly with changing bending radii. The formation of the bending radii is achieved by the method of the carriage 10 on the linear axis 11, which generates the bending radius by its relative position.

In Fig. 2 one can see a sectional drawing of the exemplary embodiment of the invention. The assembly with the transport rollers 1 is denoted by A there, the entire assembly with the bending rollers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d with B.

In Fig. 3 is a front view of the device, in which also the cutting of Fig. 2 is shown with the bending rollers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d shown. Fig. 4 shows a plan view of the system, in which the machine setting of the bending roller assembly for bending a left bend with the radius R1 and the angle α is drawn.

In Fig. 5 . 6 and 7 a change of the bending plane is clarified. As a result of the rotation of the roller systems A and B or the bending rollers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and the ring 5 for the roller pairs 1, a new radius R2 is bent in a new bending direction and bending plane in the profile 2 likewise twisted about the longitudinal axis. In Fig. 7 Further, by way of example, at the exit of the roller, a tactile contour sensor 12 is mounted, which tracks the bends with a roller and the profile during the process missing. This makes it possible to correct the setting parameters of the machine axes in order to arrive at the required bending contour.

In extension and completion of the task to bend two-dimensional or three-dimensionally bar-shaped components as desired, profile-specific material properties can also be determined with the device and the method according to the invention and the data obtained from this can be used for accurate process simulation and improved process planning. This is done advantageously in that in the pairs of rollers A and / or B sensors for measuring the forces and moments occurring during bending and twisting of the profile are arranged. From this and optionally in conjunction with the data determined by the aforementioned contour sensor, the profile-specific material data required for process simulation or improved process planning can be determined by means of conventional programs. As an example for the process simulation with usual programs the following publication should be pointed out: Dirksen, U .; Chatti, S .; Kleiner, M .: Closed-loop Control System for the Three-Roll-Bending Process Based on Methods of Computational Intelligence. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Technology of Plasticity, 2005

To clarify the structure of a sensor system is in Fig. 8 a process planning tool is shown schematically as a block diagram. After the profile 2 leaves the roller system 3, its bending contour is detected via the contour sensor 12 and thereby the bending radius R _b is input via line 12 a into a process computer 13. Furthermore, the bending moment encoder 14 arranged on the carriage 10 is connected to the process computer 13 in order to determine the bending moment M _b . Together with the torsion moment M _t obtained from a torsion moment generator 15, the process data for an accurate process simulation 13 a and an improved process planning are used in the process computer 13. It is therefore possible to refer to the entire device as a process planning device, with the help of which two- or three-dimensional bends can be optimized in terms of process technology.

An additional extension and improvement of the device according to the invention is achieved by the use of a special cutting tool for flying Disconnect allows. This additional device is particularly useful for applications in which very long semi-finished products (profile 2 in the example) used or manufactured by coil profiles are processed.

FIG. 9 shows such a cutting tool for flying separation, which is installed at the end of the device according to the invention in the region of the bending rollers 3a, b, c, d of the roller system 3. Thus, after the production of a bent part or of the curved profile system 2, the strand or a certain profile length can be separated and thus a bending part which is contoured in all dimensions can be made available.

Of course that is in FIG. 9 To be considered as an exemplary solution presented cutting tool for flying separation. The movement of the extendable cutting blade 16 is initiated via a cutting hydraulic cylinder 17. However, the cutting tool can not only be realized in the form of a shear cut, but also in the form of a cutting tool with rotating tool movement, with effect of several sides or by a cutting or thermal cutting process. It is advantageous that the orientation of the cutting tool is always carried tangentially to the profile contour. Also, the fixed installation at the end of the bending device makes sense, since it allows a flying cut during the process without consuming entraining devices.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

roller pair

2

profile system

3

Roller system 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d bending rollers

4

casing

5

ring

6

shaft stub

7

bearing housing

8th

bearing housing

9

hydraulic cylinders

10

carriage

11

linear axis

12

contour sensor

13

process computer

14

Bending moment donors

15

Torsionsmomentgeber

16

cutting knife

17

cutting cylinder

Claims (21)

1. Method for the planar and spatial bending of rod-shaped components having a longitudinal axis, such as tubes and profiles (2), comprising two roller systems A and B that are disposed behind each other along the longitudinal axis, wherein the component is driven by the roller system A and inserted into the roller system B, and the rod-shaped component is bent by a movement of the roller system B relative to the roller system A in the transverse direction to the longitudinal axis while the component is being conveyed through the roller systems, characterized in that torsional moments are superposed in a controlled manner on the bending zones of the roller systems A and B to compensate spring-back, and that in addition to the bending stress a controlled torsional stress is superposed on the components during the bending process.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the roller system A consists of pairwise-opposite rollers (1) which can be separately adjusted in relation to their distance to the longitudinal axis and which are drivable, and that the rollers (1) of the roller system A partially or completely enclose the component in at least one cross-sectional plane, wherein during the continuous feed the components are pivoted via the roller system A about the longitudinal axis in a first plane E1.
3. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the component is guided via the roller system B comprising roller pressing surfaces bearing against the component at opposite sides, wherein by means of transverse displacement of the roller system B relative to the longitudinal axis and simultaneous pivoting about a centre axis of the roller system B that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, bending of the components with a controlled bending contour is effected.
4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that when changes in the bending radii occur, the roller pressing surfaces of the roller system B are each tangentially adjusted to the component surface.
5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rollers (1, 3a - 3d) of the roller systems A and B can be pressed on perpandicularly to the longitudinal axis of the components, the contact pressure being adjusted such that a frictional contact is adjusted in a defined manner.
6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the roller system B is configured to be pivotable relative to the longitudinal axis of the component and is simultaneously displaced, in relation to the roller system A, in two further spatial axes, with the component being fed out perpendicularly to the plane defined by the roller system B, at a constant rate.
7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the roller system A enables a feed in the longitudinal direction, and the roller system B enables a drive of the component at an angle α to the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped components.
8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that during the continuous feed the roller system B is pivoted in at least one further plane which is oriented perpendicularly to the first plane, with a rotation angle β being varied during the bending process by moving the roller system B in such a way that the rollers (3a - 3d) are pressed on tangentially to the component surface.
9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a change of bending planes is effected by a transverse displacement and simultaneous pivoting of the roller systems A and B relative to each other about the respective longitudinal axis.
10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the contour of a bent component is recorded by at least one sensor, is then converted into data, and the data is fed to a control unit comprising a correction programme for machine setting, and that, preferably via a contour sensor (12), the bend of the component is followed at the outlet of the roller system B, and that if a deviation from the desired contour occurs the setting parameters α, β and the transverse displacement of the roller pairs A, B are adjusted such that a compensation of the deviation measured by the contour sensor occurs.
11. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the roller pairs A and/or B the forces and moments occurring during bending are measured independently and profile-specific material properties are derived therefrom which are used for a precise process simulation and improved process planning, and that, preferably, the data received from the contour sensor (12) are stored and are processed, together with the forces and moments that have been measured on the roller pairs A and/or B, for process simulation and process planning.
12. Method for the planar and spatial bending of rod-shaped components having a longitudinal axis, such as tubes and profiles (2), comprising two roller systems A and B that are disposed behind each other along the longitudinal axis, according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the roller system A produces a feed in the longitudinal direction, and the roller system B performs a movement in the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped components,
    that during the continuous feed of the components along the longitudinal axis via the roller system A, bending in a first plane is adjusted by positioning the roller systems A and B relative to each other in said first plane, and
    that bending or twisting in at least one further plane is adjusted by pivoting the roller systems A and B relative to each other and about the respective position of the longitudinal or transverse axis in the component.
13. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the roller system A the components are frictionally driven and guided by the rollers, and that the components are driven in the roller system B via roller contact surfaces which are arranged opposite each other.
14. Method according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the components are subjected, section by section, to a controlled tensile or compressive stress during bending.
15. Device for the planar and spatial bending of rod-shaped components having a longitudinal axis, such as tubes and profiles (2), comprising two roller systems A and B, wherein the feed along the longitudinal axis can be produced via the roller system A, and wherein the roller systems A, B are disposed in at least one first plane E 1 in a displaceable manner relative to each other, characterised in that each of the roller systems A and B can be pivoted about the longitudinal axis of the profile, and that, for bending the component, the position of the roller systems A and B relative to each other can be changed while the component is being conveyed through the roller systems.
16. Device according to claim 15, characterised in that the rollers of the roller system B are likewise drivable, an additional tensile or compressive stress being superposed in the region of the forming zone between the roller systems via a frictional contact in the roller contact surfaces and through increased or decreased feed of the roller system B.
17. Device according to any one of the preceding claims 15 to 16, characterised in that sensors for the forces and moments occurring when the profile is being bent and twisted are disposed in the roller systems A and/or B, and that, optionally, in addition thereto, a contour sensor (12) for following the bend in the component is disposed at the outlet of the roller system B, and all of said sensors may be connected to each other via a process control computer (13) to determine the profile-specific material properties and for precise process simulation and improved process planning.
18. Device according to any one of the preceding claims 15 to 17, characterised in that the roller systems are movable independently of each other on a plurality of axes in space or on at least one plane, and that, optionally, the rotation angles of the drive axles of the roller systems A and B can be adjusted separately, and, preferably, the drive axles can be adjusted manually, or electronically or hydraulically by means of numerical control.
19. Device according to any one of the preceding claims 15 to 18, characterised in that a guide path of the rod-shaped component ends immediately behind the last roller assembly, in a spatially fixed plane.
20. Device according to any one of the preceding claims 15 to 19, characterised in that the roller devices comprise a mechanism by means of which the roller position can be adjusted to varying component cross-sections, and that, preferably, individual rollers or all of the rollers are profiled, and that, in particular, individual rollers or all of the rollers have a friction-optimised coating.
21. Device according to any one of the preceding claims 15 to 20, characterised in that the device has a mandrel system at the rear part thereof to reduce cross-section deformation, and that individual rollers or all rollers have a friction-optimised coating which may consist of a polymer, preferably of an elastomer.

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