EP2143081A1 - Method and device for testing value documents - Google Patents
Method and device for testing value documentsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2143081A1 EP2143081A1 EP08749044A EP08749044A EP2143081A1 EP 2143081 A1 EP2143081 A1 EP 2143081A1 EP 08749044 A EP08749044 A EP 08749044A EP 08749044 A EP08749044 A EP 08749044A EP 2143081 A1 EP2143081 A1 EP 2143081A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- group
- value
- signal
- measuring points
- measuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
- G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for checking value documents, in particular for detecting forged value documents, and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
- the forged value documents to be recognized are composed counterfeits, which are composed of parts of different value documents.
- the composed counterfeits can be composed of parts of genuine and forged value documents, but there are also known composite counterfeits, which are composed exclusively of parts of real value documents.
- the signal intensities of a measurement signal are determined at a plurality of measurement points on a value document. Subsequently, a group of these measuring points is selected. Alternatively, the group of measurement points can be selected even before the determination of the signal intensities.
- gradient values of the signal intensities for the measuring points of the group are determined. To determine a connection strength of the group, the gradient values within the group are linked together. The connection strength is evaluated, for example, by comparing the connection strength to a reference connection strength that applies to the group.
- the method according to the invention serves to detect forged value documents, for example for the detection of composed counterfeits.
- the value document is thus checked for the presence of dividing lines on which the value document is composed or in which individual components for forming the value document are connected to one another.
- a composed counterfeit may have one or more dividing lines on which it is composed.
- connection strength Comparing the connection strength with the associated reference connection strength results in a difference that is specific to the selected group of measurement points.
- the evaluation of the size of the difference can be done in addition to a simple comparison, whether the The connection strength is smaller or larger than the corresponding reference connection strength. From the difference or from the size of the difference, a probability can be derived that a dividing line or at least a partial section of a dividing line is arranged in the respective group of measuring points. If the connection strength greatly exceeds the reference connection strength, eg above a certain threshold value, it is possible within the measuring points of the respective group to conclude that there is a higher probability of a dividing line than, for example, if the reference connection strength is just exceeded.
- At least one profile of the signal intensity of the measurement signal is determined as a function of the location on the value document, e.g. a two-dimensional distribution of the signal intensity.
- the two-dimensional distribution of signal intensity can be over the entire
- Value document or even over one or more sub-areas of the value document are determined.
- connection strength of the respective group of measuring points provides a quantitative statement about the extent to which a large gradient value exists throughout the group, in particular along a specific direction on the value document.
- connection strength for example, the product of the gradient values within the group or also their sum can be formed.
- other mathematical operations are also conceivable in order to link the gradient values of the measuring points of a group to one another.
- the signal intensities are normalized to reference intensities, which are preferably specific to the respective Are measuring point.
- the signal intensities are standardized, for example at each of the measuring points, to a reference intensity valid for the respective measuring point.
- the reference intensities can be determined on the basis of a large number of genuine value documents or determined in advance of the test.
- the reference intensity of a measuring point can be given by an average value of the signal intensities determined for the respective measuring point on the basis of the plurality of value documents.
- the reference connecting strength valid for a group of measuring points can also be determined on the basis of a multiplicity of genuine value documents or determined in advance of the test.
- the reference connection strength of a group may be given by an average of connection strengths determined for the respective group of measurement points from the plurality of value documents.
- the reference intensities and / or the reference connection strengths are determined on the basis of value documents of the type of the value document to be checked, in the case of banknotes, for example, on the basis of banknotes of the same denomination.
- Specific reference intensities and / or specific reference connection strengths can each be stored for the different types of value documents.
- the reference intensities and / or the reference connection strengths can be selected on the basis of the type of value document, for example the currency and denomination of a banknote.
- the type of value document is identified, for example, before the value document is checked. In the case of banknotes can this identification, for example, be a denomination determination preceding the method according to the invention.
- the first derivative of the signal intensity along a first direction is formed on the value document.
- the gradient value of the signal intensity at the respective measurement point may be proportional to the absolute value of the first derivative of the signal intensity at the respective measurement point, the first derivative being formed along the first direction on the value document.
- At least one difference from the signal intensity at the respective measuring point and the signal intensity at at least one adjacent measuring point is formed for each of the measuring points of the selected group for determining the respective gradient value, wherein the adjacent measuring points along a first direction on the value document to the respective measuring point are adjacent.
- the gradient value of the signal intensity at the respective measuring point may be proportional to the absolute value of the difference, which is formed from the signal intensity at the respective measuring point and the signal intensity at at least one adjacent measuring point.
- the first direction preferably runs along a transport direction of the value document, in particular approximately parallel to a longitudinal direction of the document of value or approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, ie approximately parallel to the shorter side of the document of value.
- the value document is guided past a sensor along the transport direction, with which the signal intensities of the measurement signal are determined.
- the measuring points of the group are arranged along a second direction on the value document.
- the second direction preferably runs at a non-zero angle to the first direction, for example, vertically to the first direction.
- an optical measuring signal is used as the measuring signal, which is in particular in the visible or in the non-visible spectral range.
- the measurement signal may be a luminescence signal which is emitted by the value document, for example a luminescence signal excited by UV light, in particular a fluorescence signal.
- At least one further group of the measuring points is selected, at which the signal intensity of the measuring signal is determined.
- selecting the further groups may be done immediately after selecting the previously selected group.
- the selection of the further groups may also be made during or after performing one or more of the method steps of the invention following selection of the previously selected group, such as after determining the connection strength for the previously selected group.
- further gradient values of the signal intensities for the measuring points of the respective further group are determined.
- the further gradient values are linked to one another.
- the further connection strength is evaluated.
- the further connection strength is compared, for example, with a further reference connection strength, which was determined for the measurement points of the respective further group, eg on the basis of genuine value documents.
- a further reference connection strength which was determined for the measurement points of the respective further group, eg on the basis of genuine value documents.
- Different selected groups can use the same or individual reference connection strengths.
- connection strength and / or the further connection strength exceeds the reference connection strength valid for the respective group, then there is a high probability that within the measuring points of this group at least a partial section of a dividing line runs.
- the tested value document can then be sorted out with suspicion of the existence of a compromised counterfeit.
- the selection of which measurement points are grouped together is based on the positions of a value document in which the dividing lines of composed forgeries are typically placed.
- the selection of the group therefore takes place as a function of a typical parting line position on the value document, the typical parting line position being determined on the basis of a plurality of forged value documents.
- the groups of the measuring points can then be selected for the method according to the invention.
- the selection of groups is e.g. in such a way that the entire value document or a subarea of the value document is checked for the presence of parting lines.
- the selection of the further groups can also be made depending on the connection strength of the previously selected group or of several previously selected groups.
- the selection of the further groups can also be dependent on at least one difference between the connection strength of at least one previously selected group and the Reference connection strength of at least one previously selected group done.
- the further groups can be used to check a part of the area and / or an immediate environment of the area that has already been checked by the first group. If, for example, a relatively large connecting strength of a first group of measuring points indicates an indication of a possible dividing line - if e.g. a subsection of a non-rectilinear separation line is detected - thus further groups of measurement points in the immediate vicinity of the first group could be selected. With the aid of the further groups, the suspect area of the value document and / or its immediate surroundings can be checked at different angles
- the further groups may contain or be a subset of one or more previously selected groups. With the help of the other groups, a subarea of a previously tested area can also be checked.
- the measuring points of a plurality of selected groups are arranged parallel to one another on the value document.
- the measurement points of the selected groups may also be arranged along different directions on the value document.
- This device Device preferably has a sensor for determining the signal intensities of the measurement signal.
- the sensor may be an image sensor for detecting optical features of value documents, for example banknotes, and preferably has at least one detector line for determining the signal intensities of the measurement signal.
- Fig. I a Schematic representation of a composed forgery consisting of two
- Fig. Ib sketched course of the signal intensity s m of the measuring track m and the
- 2b shows three groups (a, b, c) of measuring points with measuring points arranged parallel to one another
- 2 c shows a table with exemplary gradient values of groups a, b, c and connection strengths V a , Vb, V c determined therefrom and associated reference connection strengths Ra, Rb, Rc, and Fig. 3
- Transport direction measuring points arranged along different directions.
- FIG. 1 a schematically illustrates a composed counterfeit 1 which is composed of two parts, for example a left, real partial banknote Ia and a right, incorrect partial banknote Ib.
- a composed counterfeit 1 which is composed of two parts, for example a left, real partial banknote Ia and a right, incorrect partial banknote Ib.
- the two partial bank notes 1a and 1b are glued together.
- a security element 3 is shown by way of example, which fluoresces under UV illumination.
- the composed counterfeit 1 is moved under a detector line 5 along the transport direction x marked with the arrow 4.
- the detector row 5 is part of a sensor for checking value documents which detects the signal intensity of the fluorescence of the composed forgery 1 to be tested as a function of time or as a function of the location x on the composed counterfeit 1.
- the detector row 5 has a plurality of measuring tracks, which are arranged perpendicular to the transport direction (in the y-direction), inter alia the two measuring tracks m and m
- FIGS. 1 b and 1 c show the signal intensity s m of the measuring track m and the gradient values g m of the measuring track m and the signal intensity s m + i of the measuring track m + 1 and the gradient values g m + i of the measuring track m + 1 as a function of the Location x on the composed counterfeit 1.
- the signal intensities s m and Sm + i have a clear jump at the location XT, the intersection of the x-axis with the separation line 2, due to different fluorescence properties of the real partial banknote Ia and the wrong partial banknote Ib comes about.
- the measuring track m is a significantly increased Signal intensity in the area of the fluorescent security element 3 to recognize.
- the signal intensity s m + i has no increased signal intensity at the x-coordinates of the security element 3, since the measurement track m + 1 no longer detects the fluorescence of the security element 3.
- the gradient values gm and gm + i result from the signal intensities s m and s m + i, respectively, by calculating the absolute value of the first derivative of the respective signal intensity in the transport direction x.
- the signal intensities Si, S2,... And the associated gradient values gi, g2,... are also determined by the remaining measuring tracks of the detector row 5. This yields a two-dimensional distribution of the signal intensities and of the gradient values over the entire composed counterfeit 1.
- the gradient values gm and gm + i but also the gradient values of the remaining measurement tracks have a peak corresponding to a jump of the respective signal intensity.
- FIG. 2a illustrates the two-dimensional arrangement of the measuring points, which are shown as cells of a grid in the xy-plane, and their position with respect to the composed counterfeit 1.
- Each measuring track of the detector row 5 corresponds to one row of the grid.
- a plurality of groups of measuring points are formed.
- the measuring points of each group are each arranged along a specific direction on the value document.
- FIG. 2b shows by way of example three groups a, b, c whose measuring points are arranged along the y-direction and parallel to one another.
- the measuring points of the three groups a, b, c are chosen such that the signal intensities in the area of the dividing line 2 and in their immediate surroundings are detected on them.
- connection strengths Va, Vb, V c of the individual groups are then compared with the reference connection strengths R 3 , Rb, Rc, which apply to the respective group and which were determined, for example, in the run-up to the test on the basis of genuine value documents.
- connection strengths V a and Vc are significantly smaller than the respective reference connection strength Ra or Rc.
- connection strength Vb is significantly greater than the corresponding reference connection strength Rb. It can be concluded from the comparatively large connection strength Vb that within the measuring points of the group b a separation line 2 is likely to run. The tested value document can thus be sorted out with suspicion of the presence of a composed counterfeit 1.
- FIG. 3 shows examples of further groups a'-e 'of measuring points.
- the measuring points of the groups d 'and e' are arranged parallel to one another and run at a non-zero angle to the transport direction x over a subsection of the value document 1.
- the measuring points lying at the edge of the value document 1 were excluded in the groups d 'and e'.
- These groups also composed- Counterfeits are recognized whose dividing lines run obliquely over the composed counterfeiting.
- the measurement points of a group can also be arranged so that they do not lie in a line.
- the measurement points of a group may also lie on a curve and / or the arrangement of the measurement points may have an offset, e.g. to detect composed counterfeits with corresponding dividing lines.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007019107A DE102007019107A1 (en) | 2007-04-23 | 2007-04-23 | Method and device for checking value documents |
PCT/EP2008/003220 WO2008128755A1 (en) | 2007-04-23 | 2008-04-22 | Method and device for testing value documents |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2143081A1 true EP2143081A1 (en) | 2010-01-13 |
EP2143081B1 EP2143081B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
Family
ID=39587955
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08749044.7A Active EP2143081B1 (en) | 2007-04-23 | 2008-04-22 | Method and device for testing value documents |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8837804B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2143081B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101689316B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007019107A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2452030C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008128755A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009133332A1 (en) | 2008-05-02 | 2009-11-05 | De La Rue International Limited | Method and apparatus for determining authenticity |
Families Citing this family (11)
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US8387865B2 (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2013-03-05 | Diebold, Incorporated | Banking system that operates responsive to data read from data bearing records |
DE102008051758A1 (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-04-22 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method and device for processing value documents |
DE102010021803A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2011-12-01 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Apparatus for checking the authenticity of documents of value |
DE102010046024A1 (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2012-03-22 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sensor for checking value documents |
US9536162B2 (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2017-01-03 | Republic of Korea (National Forensic Service Director Ministry of Public Administration and Security) | Method for detecting an invisible mark on a card |
CN102324134A (en) | 2011-09-19 | 2012-01-18 | 广州广电运通金融电子股份有限公司 | Valuable document identification method and device |
DE102011121877A1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method and device for determining classification parameters for the classification of banknotes |
DE102013015200A1 (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-19 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method for checking a value document |
DE102016000011A1 (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2017-07-06 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Completeness check of a value document |
RU2616643C1 (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2017-04-18 | Акционерное общество "Гознак" (АО "Гознак") | Method for producing valuable document protected from partial forgery, and received document |
CN109410420B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2021-01-01 | 深圳怡化电脑股份有限公司 | Image detection method and device and bill discriminator |
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-
2007
- 2007-04-23 DE DE102007019107A patent/DE102007019107A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-04-22 EP EP08749044.7A patent/EP2143081B1/en active Active
- 2008-04-22 CN CN2008800133379A patent/CN101689316B/en active Active
- 2008-04-22 RU RU2009142938/08A patent/RU2452030C2/en active
- 2008-04-22 US US12/597,404 patent/US8837804B2/en active Active
- 2008-04-22 WO PCT/EP2008/003220 patent/WO2008128755A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2008128755A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2009133332A1 (en) | 2008-05-02 | 2009-11-05 | De La Rue International Limited | Method and apparatus for determining authenticity |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100128934A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
WO2008128755A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
CN101689316A (en) | 2010-03-31 |
EP2143081B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
US8837804B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 |
CN101689316B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
DE102007019107A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
RU2452030C2 (en) | 2012-05-27 |
RU2009142938A (en) | 2011-07-10 |
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