EP2138007A2 - Écouteur - Google Patents

Écouteur

Info

Publication number
EP2138007A2
EP2138007A2 EP08735437A EP08735437A EP2138007A2 EP 2138007 A2 EP2138007 A2 EP 2138007A2 EP 08735437 A EP08735437 A EP 08735437A EP 08735437 A EP08735437 A EP 08735437A EP 2138007 A2 EP2138007 A2 EP 2138007A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microphone
sound
unit
active noise
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08735437A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen PEISSIG
Björn WOLTER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sennheiser Electronic GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Sennheiser Electronic GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sennheiser Electronic GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Sennheiser Electronic GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2138007A2 publication Critical patent/EP2138007A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G10K11/17823—Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G10K11/17825—Error signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
    • G10K11/17854—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter the filter being an adaptive filter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17861—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices using additional means for damping sound, e.g. using sound absorbing panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G10K11/17881—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17885—General system configurations additionally using a desired external signal, e.g. pass-through audio such as music or speech
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
    • G10K2210/1081—Earphones, e.g. for telephones, ear protectors or headsets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3016—Control strategies, e.g. energy minimization or intensity measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3053—Speeding up computation or convergence, or decreasing the computational load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/033—Headphones for stereophonic communication

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a handset.
  • an active noise reduction or an "active noise reduction” ANR is well known in the case of headsets or headsets as well as headphones, whereby the regulation of the active noise compensation is not maximized, for example to avoid feedback noise otherwise, it may result in poor or variable acoustic coupling of the listener's head.
  • Active noise compensation units can have both a feedback (FB) and a feedforward (FF) signal routing path.
  • FB feedback
  • FF feedforward
  • the IMC structure internal model control
  • the feedback path in order to accomplish an interaction-free interaction of feedforward FF and feedback component FB.
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of a receiver according to the prior art.
  • the earpiece has an ear-enclosing cap K with an external and internal microphone M1 and M2 and an active noise compensation unit ANR1.
  • the active noise compensation unit ANR1 has an adaptive feedforward controller F F F (Z) and a filter adaptation unit FAE for adapting the filter parameters of the feedforward controller to a control unit.
  • F F F Z
  • FAE filter adaptation unit FAE for adapting the filter parameters of the feedforward controller to a control unit.
  • a feedforward FF and a feedback FB noise reduction were combined with an IMC (Fault Assessment).
  • the signal of the internal microphone e (k) or u M ⁇ k, ⁇ (k) represents the superposition of the counter sound with the disturbance d (k) or u stOr (k).
  • the disturbance d (k) is set here so that it represents the proportion of external noise that arrives in the signal of the internal microphone with switched off regular speaker W.
  • the control loop is described below with the FB controller switched off.
  • the necessary elements for amplification and AD / DA conversion are not shown here and are taken into account in their effect in the secondary section S (z).
  • the adaptive FF controller WFF (z) is designed as a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter and is adapted according to the known Filtered-x Least Mean Square (FxLMS) method.
  • a signal x '(k) must first be calculated from the signal of the external microphone x (k) or u Mk, a (k) via the model of the secondary path s (z), which is then used in the parameter adaptation of WFF (FIG. z) according to the equation
  • w FF (k + 1) w FF (Ii) + ⁇ • e (k) ⁇
  • ⁇ represents the adaptation step and L the filter length.
  • the FF component yFF (k) passes through the FB loop. From the point of view of the FF controller, there is generally a falsified secondary path which corresponds to the transmission behavior of the closed FB control loop.
  • the feedforward FF controller is coupled to an IMC FB path (with disturbance estimation).
  • y (k) parallel to the secondary line is also given to a model of the line $ (z).
  • the difference between the response of ⁇ (z) and the measured signal of the internal microphone e (k) provides an estimate ⁇ * (k) for the disturbance d (k).
  • the FB controller RFBd (z) or F FB (z) then generates the counter signal from ⁇ * (k), which causes the desired cancellation of the interference and compensation signal on the internal microphone. If s (z) or F ⁇ str (z) and S (z) or F str (z) match well, ⁇ (k) or u ⁇ stor and d (k) or u stror also agree well so that yFBd (k) takes its origin almost exclusively in the perturbation d (k). The FB controller thus does not react to the FF manipulated variable yFF (k), which ultimately results in the FB path not changing the transmission behavior from yFF (k) to e (k). Thus, an interaction-free FF / FB combination has been made possible.
  • the behavior of the secondary link S (z) can vary greatly with the varying session density of the listener on a real head.
  • the deviations between the signals from the model and from the real path are amplified by the FB controller and fed back into the FB circuit, which can easily lead to an unstable overall behavior.
  • the controller RFBd (z) must be designed very "carefully", which in the end leads to moderate compensation results.
  • a handset having a first housing for receiving an electro-acoustic transducer and a second housing for receiving an electro-acoustic playback transducer, at least one external microphone for recording external sound and at least one internal microphone for recording sound in the area between an ear of a user and the listener - A -
  • the handset further comprises a digital active noise compensation unit for performing active noise compensation based on the sound recorded by the at least one outside microphone and by the at least one inside microphone.
  • the noise compensation unit has an analysis unit for analyzing the sound recorded by the outside microphone and the inside microphone and determining the signal types of the recorded sound.
  • the noise compensation unit further comprises a plurality of signal processing units, each of which is configured to perform active noise compensation for a signal type.
  • the analysis unit selects at least one of the signal processing units to perform noise compensation based on the analysis of the recorded sound.
  • the present invention further relates to a handset having a first side with a first housing and / or a second side with a second housing in each case for receiving an electroacoustic reproduction transducer.
  • the handset further comprises at least one external microphone on the first and / or second housing of the listener for recording external sound.
  • the listener further comprises at least one internal microphone on the first and / or second housing of the listener for recording sound in the area between an ear of a user and the first and / or second housing.
  • the handset further comprises an active noise compensation unit for performing active noise compensation based on the sound recorded by the at least one outside microphone and by the at least one inside microphone.
  • the active noise compensation unit is configured to perform active noise compensation for the first side of the listener based on the sound recorded by the outside microphone on the first side, the inside microphone on the first side, and the outside microphone on the second side. The same applies to the active noise compensation of the second side of the listener.
  • the invention also relates to a method for performing an active noise compensation on a receiver, which comprises a first housing for receiving an electroacoustic transducer and a second housing for receiving an electroacoustic transducer, an external microphone for recording external sound and an internal microphone for recording sound in the area between the user's ear and the first or second housing.
  • Active noise compensation is performed based on the sound recorded by the outside microphone and the inside microphone.
  • the sound recorded by the outside microphone and the inside microphone is analyzed and the signal types of the recorded sound are determined.
  • a plurality of signal processing units are each provided for performing noise compensation for a signal type. At least one of the signal processing units is selected based on the performed analysis of the recorded sound.
  • the invention relates to the idea to provide a handset with a digitally adaptive noise suppression system, which can adapt by means of adaptive filter, the noise cancellation to a predetermined by the seat of the listener acoustics.
  • a digitally adaptive noise suppression system which can adapt by means of adaptive filter, the noise cancellation to a predetermined by the seat of the listener acoustics.
  • an optimal function of the ANR system can be made possible even with a variable seat of the listener. This proves to be particularly advantageous when using a pair of glasses or when the tightness of the seat of the listener is changed by a movement or by a highly variable head shape.
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic structure of a receiver according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 shows a basic structure of a receiver according to a second embodiment
  • 4 is a block diagram of a listener controller according to a third embodiment
  • 5 shows a basic structure of a receiver according to a fourth embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is an illustration of generation of a history prediction according to a fifth embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a controller of a listener according to a fifth embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 shows a basic structure of a receiver according to a first embodiment.
  • the listener in this case has a housing with an outer cap AK, optionally an inner cap IK, a standard speaker or an electroacoustic playback converter W, an external microphone M1 and an internal microphone M2.
  • the signals SM1 of the external microphone M1 are forwarded to a first amplification and A / D conversion unit VAD1, which amplifies the signals and subjects the signals SM1 to an A / D conversion and a digital signal u M , k, a ( k) outputs.
  • the signals SM2 of the internal microphone M2 are forwarded to a second amplification and A / D conversion unit VAD2 and as a digital signal u M.
  • the output signals of the first and second amplification and A / D conversion units are output to an analysis unit AU, which analyzes the signals so as to be able to assign the signals to corresponding signal types.
  • the receiver has a noise compensation unit ANR for performing an active noise reduction ANR
  • the active noise compensation unit ANR has the analysis unit AU and a plurality of signal processing units SVE1-SVEn, which are each designed to provide active noise compensation for a particular one . conduct signal type on the basis of Maschinengemarin- by the analysis unit AU th signal analysis of the output signals u M, k, a (k), u M, k, ⁇ (k), the signal processing units SVE1 be -.
  • the analysis unit AU may further calculate a weighting G with which the respective output signals of the signal processing units SVE1-SVEn are weighted
  • the weighted output signals of the signal processing units SVE1-SVEn are added together to form the manipulated variable y (k) which is fed to a gain and D / A converter unit VDA a manipulated variable SL for the Reg elliptical speaker W outputs.
  • the external microphone M1 is used to detect the external sound.
  • the internal microphone M2 is used to detect the sound in the vicinity of the ear input, ie thus the sound is detected at the ear of the wearer.
  • the active noise compensation unit ANR generates based on the amplified and A / D-converted signals of the external microphone M1 and the internal microphone M2 a manipulated variable for driving the crizaut Anlageners W.
  • a goal of this active noise compensation is the signal u M ⁇ k, ⁇ (k), ie To minimize the sound pressure at the entrance of the ear, by controlling the manipulated variable y (k).
  • the analysis unit AU analyzes the signals of the external microphone M1 and the internal microphone M2 to detect the signal types contained therein. Subsequently, some of the signal processing units SVE1-SVEn are activated, which are each designed to optimally process a specific signal type in order to perform an optimal noise compensation.
  • the analysis unit AU can be responded to different scenarios of noise, and the noise can be compensated based on their short or long-term signal structure with different noise compensation signal processing strategies.
  • the first signal processing unit SVE1 can be configured to process periodic signals
  • the second signal processing unit SVE2 can process stochastic signals in order to enable a corresponding noise compensation.
  • the first signal processing unit may compensate for periodic disturbances by making a prediction of the future disturbance history and taking this prediction into account in the compensation.
  • the second signal processing unit SVE2 only evaluates the course of the signals up to the current time in order to generate a compensation signal.
  • the analysis unit AU By providing corresponding signal processing units SVE1-SVEn for a large number of signal types, which are designed for the specific processing of precisely this signal type, optimum noise compensation can be obtained. It is important, however, for the analysis unit AU to be able to measure the different signal types (such as broadband, noise). tig, impulsive, periodic or the like) detects and drives a corresponding one of the signal processing units SVE1 - SVEn.
  • the various signal processing units are in particular designed to perform different noise compensation algorithms. In this case, the various signal processing units can work in parallel or serially.
  • the control of the different signal processing units is performed by the analysis unit based on the detected signal types of the input signals.
  • the analysis unit AU can also control several of the signal processing units in parallel and provide a corresponding weighting of the respective output signals.
  • the algorithms processed in the signal processing units SVE 1 - SVEn are non-linear and time-variant.
  • the analysis unit AU is designed to perform these interactions (for example, when sum noise reductions are much lower than the Einzelstörgehoffschredulement) and possibly to influence the interaction of the individual signal processing units in a fault.
  • the output signal y (k) of the active noise compensation unit is fed back to the analysis unit AU.
  • Fig. 3 shows a basic structure of a receiver according to a second embodiment.
  • the listener comprises a housing, a standard speaker or an electroacoustic reproduction transducer W, an external microphone M1 and an internal microphone M2.
  • the signals SM1, SM2 of the external microphone M1 and the internal microphone M2 are amplified by a first and second amplifying and A / D converting unit VAD1, VAD2 (not shown) and A / D converted.
  • the regulation of the active noise compensation according to the second embodiment is based on an adaptive broadband feedforward / feedback combination.
  • the listener has a static inner control loop SIR consisting of the controlled system F str (z) and a feedback path F F B (Z).
  • the controlled system required for this purpose is defined by the transmission behavior F str (z) (input signal: y (k) and output signal: u M ⁇ k, ⁇ (k)).
  • the feedforward path has a filter F F F (Z) which supplies from the amplified and A / D-converted signal u Mk, a (k) of the external microphone M1 a proportion y FF (k) for the manipulated variable.
  • the feedback path has another filter F F B (z), which supplies from the amplified and A / D-converted signal of the internal microphone M2 a proportion y FB (k) for the manipulated variable.
  • the proportion of the manipulated variable y FB (k) of the feedback path is subtracted from the proportion of the manipulated variable y FF (k) in order to obtain the total manipulated variable y (k).
  • the filter F FF (z) in the feedforward path is preferably configured as an adaptive FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter.
  • the filter parameters are adapted to the current conditions. This can be done, for example, by evaluating the signals of the outer sound u M ⁇ k, a (k) and the inner sound u M ⁇ k, ⁇ (k) based on an optimization algorithm.
  • the adaptation of the filter parameters of the feedforward filter is preferably carried out in the filter adaptation unit FAE. In this case, a modification of the parameters of the feedforward filter F FF (z) can take place in each sampling step.
  • the filter adaptation unit has the external sound u M ⁇ k, a (k) and the internal sound u M, k, i (k) as input variables and outputs the filter parameter values for the Feedfor- was filter F FF (z).
  • the filter adaptation unit FAE has a model unit ME, in which a mathematical model F ⁇ str * (z) of the controlled system F Str (z) is stored. While the inner-loop according to the prior art of FIG.
  • the mathematical model of the controlled system stored in the model unit ME1 is adapted to the new inner control loop.
  • the input variable u M ⁇ k exterior noise, a (k)
  • the filter adaptation unit FAE further comprises a unit LMS for carrying out the least mean square (LMS) method, which is designed to link old values of the output signals of the model unit to actual values of the interior sound u M , k, i (k), to new ones Calculate parameter values for the feedforward filter.
  • LMS least mean square
  • the active noise compensation unit shown in FIG. 3 can ensure that no model of the controlled system is located directly in the signal path. Only one adapted model is provided in the filter adaptation unit for adapting the filter parameters. Thus, a control loop with a controlled system and a feedback path is provided. This refinement makes the stability analysis of the regulator simpler than in the regulator according to FIG. 1.
  • the mathematical model stored in the model unit ME takes into account the feedback path F F B (Z), SO such that the combination of the adaptive feedforward path with the feedback path is made possible without an error-prone estimation of the disturbance.
  • the feedback filter F FB (z) is designed in accordance with FIG. 3 is not adaptive.
  • a limited number of different parameter sets can be predetermined for the feedback filter F FB (z), which are respectively adapted or configured to a specific range of the transmission path. During operation, switching between these parameter sets based on the behavior of the transmission link.
  • a mathematical model can be defined and stored for each of these parameter sets.
  • Fig. 4 shows a controller according to a third embodiment.
  • the regulator according to the third exemplary embodiment is based on the regulator according to FIG. 3.
  • the filter adaptation unit FAE furthermore has two high-passes HP.
  • the controller shown in FIG. 4 is used in particular for a free-frequency-selective adaptation.
  • ⁇ (k) is subjected to the optimization algorithm in the filter adaptation unit, a high-pass filtering is performed in the high-pass filter HP, so that the low frequencies, which arise for example by head movements, are filtered out.
  • a further high pass HP is provided in front of the LMS unit.
  • the two high passes HP are designed identically for this purpose.
  • the filter adaptation can thus be configured to a desired frequency range.
  • another filter such as a bandpass filter can be provided to provide a certain frequency range for the adaptation.
  • the accelerations between the head and the listener caused by the movement can cause pressure fluctuations inside the listener, which typically have low frequencies up to about 15 Hz. Although these frequencies are inaudible, they can produce high amplitudes and can be detected by the internal microphone as part of the acoustic signal.
  • a minimization of the energy of the inner sound u M , k, ⁇ (k) is typically desired. However, since the low frequencies can have a high amplitude, the energy content of the inner sound u M ⁇ k, ⁇ (k) can be strongly determined by low-frequency pressure fluctuations. Therefore, the adaptation algorithm will attempt to adjust the feedforward filter F FF (z) to compensate for those signals caused by the motion.
  • the output signal y FF (k) of the feedforward filter is only generated by the filtering of the signal of the external microphone u M ⁇ k, a (k).
  • the pressure fluctuations arising as a result of the movement only occur in the interior of the listener, so that the signals of the external microphone do not have these components and compensation in the feedforward path can not take place.
  • the controller shown in Fig. 4 can also be used in a headset or a headset, wherein a useful signal u Aud ⁇ o i n (k) can be fed.
  • This signal can represent, for example, a communication signal.
  • the useful signal is applied directly to the manipulated variable y (k) for controlling the Speaker W added, so that the desired useful signal can be reproduced by the converter.
  • the useful signal is applied in parallel to a second model unit ME2 with a mathematical model of the transmission path and the calculated useful portion of the signal from the inner sound u M ⁇ k, ⁇ ( k) subtracted.
  • a reduction unit RE is provided in the feedback path of the internal control loop.
  • the reduction unit RE is designed such that it typically has a value of 1. However, if the signal y Fss (k) of the feedback path comes close to an overdrive limit , the value of the reducer unit is reduced, so that the gain of the feedback component is reduced. Thus, the effect of the active noise reduction is reduced, without overdrive noise is supplied to the speaker.
  • the reduction unit RE further preferably has an adjustable time constant, so that the factor of the reduction unit can approach the value 1 again, if there is no further risk of oversteer.
  • the filter adaptation unit FAE can also be adapted, since an adaptation of the signal u Mk, a (k) leads to an increase in the parameters of the feedforward filter. Therefore, the LMS unit LMS1 is provided with a so-called "leak" factor.
  • the previous value of the parameters in each sampling step is multiplied by the "leak" factor before the modification component is added thereto.
  • the "leak” factor is reduced as the yF (k) component of the feedforward path on the manipulated variable approaches the overmodulation limit, and this multiplication by a reduced “leak” factor reduces the FIR parameters toward zero such that the amplitude of y FF (k) does not exceed the overdrive limits.
  • an adjustable time constant can be provided for the "leak” factor, so that the "leak” factor approaches the value 1 if there is no danger of oversteering.
  • FIG. 5 shows a basic structure of a receiver according to a fourth embodiment.
  • the listener has a housing with a left cap LK and a right cap RK.
  • external microphones M1 L, M1 R and internal microphones M2L, M2R and two transducers W are provided.
  • the signals of the external microphone M1 L on the left cap u M ⁇ k, a L (k) and the signals of the external microphone M1 R on the right cap are fed to a left and a right branch of the scheme.
  • Fig. 5 only the compensation for the left handset is shown for illustrative purposes.
  • the compensation for the right handset is analogous.
  • the manipulated variable y FF (k) is composed of a left component y FR _ (k) (from the left external microphone) and a right component y FFR (k) (from the right external microphone).
  • Both filters F FFL (z) and F FFR (z) are designed as adaptive FIR filters.
  • the filter F FR _ (z) takes into account the signals u M ⁇ k, a ⁇ _ (k) and u M ⁇ k, ⁇ L (k), ie the signals of the left outer microphone and the left inner microphone.
  • the signal of the right external microphone M1 R is processed with the signal U MI K , I L (k) of the left internal microphone M2L.
  • a feedback path may also be provided.
  • FIG. 6 is an illustration of generation of a history prediction according to a fifth embodiment.
  • active noise compensation is to be carried out in applications with dominant periodic signals such as generator noise, engine noise, turbine noise, the noise can be reduced particularly effectively if a signal delayed by one period is acoustically added to the original sound phase-inverted.
  • the period length can be determined, in order subsequently to produce an averaged curve u times i (k) from the preceding periods of the signal at the outer microphone.
  • the new signal is composed of 100 values, each of these 100 values representing an average of the measured samples measured before 100, 200 or 300, and so on are.
  • the signal u M ⁇ tte i (k) shown in FIG. 6 thus represents the periodic component of the interfering signal, including all harmonics. It should be noted here that additionally existing stochastic components are removed by the averaging. Thus, the signal u M ⁇ tte i (k) indicates the future course of the interference signal.
  • Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a periodic signal regulator according to the fifth embodiment.
  • the controller has an analysis and averaging unit AM, a signal generation unit SE and a filter F Per (z).
  • the cyclically continued signal u M ⁇ ttei (k) serves as an input signal for the filter F per (z) to form a counter signal y per (k) for the periodic components. Subsequently, the counter signal y is superposed by k (k) with other shares of the manipulated variable.
  • the filter F per (z) can have access to future values of known input signals, so that this filter can initiate the generation of the counter sound before the noise has been detected at all. This is particularly advantageous in terms of higher frequencies.
  • the structure described according to FIG. 7 can be implemented as one of the signal processing units SVE1-SVEn in the structure of the active noise compensation device described in FIG. 2, for example.
  • the handset on a housing with an inner cap IK and an outer cap AK fulfills a function of the passive noise protection by the noise is passively attenuated.
  • the outer cap AK can be acoustically optimized in terms of passive noise reduction, for example with regard to a tight fit, an ear-enclosing inner volume, a heavy material and a thick wall thickness.
  • the inner cap IK can for example be configured on-ear, and thus a smaller internal volume can be realized, which allows a more favorable output condition for a vote of the active noise compensation with the transducer W.
  • the inner cap IK is preferably movably attached to the outer cap AK such that it adjusts its position to the shape of the Ears of different carriers can adapt. Furthermore, an acoustic decoupling between the outer cap and the inner cap is preferably achieved.
  • the two decoupled caps allow both good passive damping and a favorable condition for active noise cancellation in a single listener.
  • the outer cap may include apertures 100 which may, for example, serve to reduce pressure fluctuations inside the cap which may be generated by head movements. Through the openings 100 both positive and negative pressure can escape. These holes are predominantly relevant to low frequencies, while audible frequency components remain unchanged. By the execution of the openings 100, the frequency range can be adjusted, in which the openings affect the pressure inside the cap.
  • the internal microphone is arranged at a predetermined distance from the standard speaker W.
  • the internal microphone according to the prior art is placed as close as possible to the loudspeaker to reduce the dead time caused by the predetermined distance to the loudspeaker W and the internal microphone as well as the sound velocity
  • the internal microphone according to an eighth embodiment is placed as close to the ear entrance as possible.
  • the reduction of the distance between the speaker and the internal microphone according to the prior art is made to counteract a shift in the phase position between the input signal y (k) and the output signal u M ⁇ k, ⁇ (k) of the controlled system.
  • the energy in the inner sound u M ⁇ k, ⁇ (k) is to be reduced in order to obtain a reduction in noise on the eardrum, it makes more sense to place the inner microphone as close to the ear of the ear.
  • the inner microphone can be placed in an earplug carried in the ear canal while a handset is worn with an outer microphone on the head.
  • the arrangement of the inner microphone in the vicinity of the ear input has a negative effect on the compensation of higher frequencies in the feedback path, as already explained above.
  • the frequency-selective adaptation of the filter parameters described with reference to FIG. 4 is carried out in the case of a listener with the internal microphone in the vicinity of the ear input, then the lack of compensation described above can be compensated.
  • the feedback path for low frequencies in which the dead time is not too significant
  • the feedforward path for compensation of high frequencies is used.
  • the configuration of the internal microphone according to the seventh embodiment may be combined with the controller shown in FIG. 4, for example.
  • the feedback path is non-digital but analog configured. This has the particular advantage that an A / D conversion and a D / A conversion is no longer needed, which makes the compensation by the feedback path faster and thus better. Furthermore, an analog implementation of an antisound filter has a lower transit time, lower complexity, lower power consumption and lower costs. Furthermore, an analog implementation of the feedback path can be provided, wherein the filter properties are digitally controlled.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un écouteur comprenant un premier boîtier (LK, AK, IK) dans lequel est logé un transducteur électroacoustique, et un second boîtier (RK, AK, IK) dans lequel est logé un émetteur électroacoustique, au moins un microphone extérieur (M1) pour l'enregistrement du son extérieur, et au moins un microphone intérieur (M2) pour l'enregistrement du son dans une zone comprise entre une oreille d'un utilisateur et le premier et/ou le second boîtier (LK, RK, AK, IK). L'écouteur comprend en outre une unité de compensation de bruit (ANR) numérique active pour effectuer une compensation de bruit active basée sur le son enregistré par au moins un microphone extérieur et par au moins un microphone intérieur. L'unité de compensation de bruit (ANR) comprend une unité d'analyse (AU) pour l'analyse du son enregistré par le microphone extérieur et par le microphone intérieur, ainsi que pour la détermination des types de signaux du son enregistré. L'unité de compensation du bruit présente en outre une pluralité d'unités de traitement de signaux (SVE1 - SVEn) qui sont configurées, chacune, en vue d'effectuer une compensation de bruit active pour un type de signal. L'unité d'analyse (AU) sélectionne au moins l'une des unités de traitement de signaux (SVE1 - SVEn) en vue d'effectuer une compensation de bruit, sur la base de l'analyse effectuée pour le son reproduit.
EP08735437A 2007-03-19 2008-03-19 Écouteur Withdrawn EP2138007A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007013719.4A DE102007013719B4 (de) 2007-03-19 2007-03-19 Hörer
PCT/EP2008/053289 WO2008113822A2 (fr) 2007-03-19 2008-03-19 Écouteur

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EP2138007A2 true EP2138007A2 (fr) 2009-12-30

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EP08735437A Withdrawn EP2138007A2 (fr) 2007-03-19 2008-03-19 Écouteur

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US (1) US20100166203A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2138007A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101653014B (fr)
DE (1) DE102007013719B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008113822A2 (fr)

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US20100166203A1 (en) 2010-07-01
DE102007013719B4 (de) 2015-10-29
WO2008113822A3 (fr) 2009-01-08
CN101653014A (zh) 2010-02-17
DE102007013719A1 (de) 2008-09-25
WO2008113822A2 (fr) 2008-09-25
CN101653014B (zh) 2014-09-10

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