EP2130070A1 - Miroir a reflexion elevee - Google Patents
Miroir a reflexion eleveeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2130070A1 EP2130070A1 EP08717071A EP08717071A EP2130070A1 EP 2130070 A1 EP2130070 A1 EP 2130070A1 EP 08717071 A EP08717071 A EP 08717071A EP 08717071 A EP08717071 A EP 08717071A EP 2130070 A1 EP2130070 A1 EP 2130070A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- silver
- mirror according
- nicr
- lacquer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940117913 acrylamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims 1
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 83
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;chromium Chemical compound N.[Cr] SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007705 chemical test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010849 ion bombardment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3644—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3607—Coatings of the type glass/inorganic compound/metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3649—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer made of metals other than silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3652—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3657—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
- C03C17/3663—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties specially adapted for use as mirrors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/40—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal all coatings being metal coatings
-
- G02B1/105—
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
- G02B5/0816—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers
- G02B5/085—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers at least one of the reflecting layers comprising metal
- G02B5/0875—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers at least one of the reflecting layers comprising metal the reflecting layers comprising two or more metallic layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
- C03C2217/46—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase
- C03C2217/48—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase having a specific function
- C03C2217/485—Pigments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to mirrors comprising a glass sheet on the back of which is disposed a set of reflective layers.
- the invention is aimed in particular at the mirrors which offer a high rate of reflection of the incident visible light.
- the use of silver layers in layer systems applied to a glass sheet is well known in the literature.
- the constituent elements of these systems usually comprise, in addition to the metallic silver layer, layers that facilitate the attachment of the silver layer on the substrate, or protect the silver against the alteration that may occur on contact of the surrounding atmosphere, either allow to correct undesirable colorings in reflection or at the same time fulfill several of these functions.
- the difficulty is to meet the various requirements by maintaining a very high reflection rate, especially greater than 85%, and this in addition with layers of silver whose thickness is limited for reasons of economy.
- EP 632 294 discloses mirrors of the type referred to according to the invention. These mirrors comprise on a glass substrate a set of layers including a layer of SiO 2 on the glass to protect against the possible migrations of alkaline ions, a NiCr-based primer (substantially 80/20 by weight) a silver layer a layer of Ni and chromium nitride, and to protect the assembly a layer of Si 3 N 4 .
- the proposed mirrors lead to a high reflection rate but the properties are not yet optimized.
- the invention proposes to provide mirrors whose characteristics compared to those of the prior art are improved, under economically advantageous production conditions.
- the silver layer is necessary to coat with a relatively thick layer of NiCr or chromium.
- the layer in question is NiCr alloy.
- the alloy In the NiCr layer covering the silver, the alloy consists of at least 50% by weight of Ni, and preferably of at least 75%. The most common alloy is in weight ratios of 80% Ni to 20% Cr.
- the NiCr layer covering the silver advantageously comprises at least 180 mg / m 2 of Ni and preferably at least 200 mg / m 2 .
- Increasing the thickness of the layer beyond a certain threshold brings no more advantages, but increases the cost of production. It is preferable to maintain the amount of Ni in the NiCr layer less than 350 and preferably less than 300 mg / m 2 Ni.
- the thickness of the NiCr layer above the silver is advantageous for the protection of the silver layer, it is also for the optical properties of the whole. In particular, for the same reflection ratio, the increase in the protective NiCr layer makes it possible to significantly reduce the amount of silver used.
- the amount of silver is between 400 and 700 mg / m 2 and preferably between 500 and 650 mg / m 2 , and particularly preferably between 550 and 600 mg / m 2 .
- the silver While most often the silver is used substantially pure, it may still be known to be deposited with one or more other metals which promote the formation of stronger structures.
- Known alloys for improving these properties include those of silver and a metal of the group comprising palladium, tin, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, copper, indium, antimony, bismuth and zinc.
- the additional metals are in all cases in very small proportions. They are preferably not greater than 5 atomic%, and preferably not more than 3 atomic%.
- Palladium is the most effective additional metal in improving properties. Its use is however thwarted because of the cost of this metal. Given the significant variations in its price, its use remains potentially interesting.
- the primary layer is also NiCr. This layer is preferably as thin as possible to maintain the highest reflected rate without compromising the proper attachment of the silver layer and the protection of this layer against migrations from the substrate.
- composition of the NiCr alloy of this layer is similar to that indicated above with respect to the layer located above the silver.
- the composition of the two layers may be identical or not.
- the NiCr layer located under the silver layer is advantageously at most 15 mg / m 2 Ni, and preferably at most 4 to 12 mg / m 2 Ni.
- a content of this layer of 4 to 10 mg / m 2 is particularly preferred.
- the mirrors according to the invention also offer a good color neutrality in reflection which results in the values of the colorimetric coordinates a * and b * of the CIELAB system, satisfying the condition for the illuminant
- the reflection ratio obtained with the mirrors according to the invention is advantageously greater than 85% for an ordinary silico-soda-lime clear glass of 3 mm thick.
- the same reflection ratio is greater than 88% and particularly advantageously greater than 90%, still for a 3mm glass.
- the high reflection rates are particularly advantageous in the case of devices incorporating such mirrors and used for particular energetic purposes.
- the reflected spectrum that is used to determine the value of this overall reflection tends to minimize the share of long wavelength rays, in other words that of the most energetic rays. In proportion, the reflected energy radiation is even higher, which is appreciable for the applications of these mirrors for purposes such as radiated energy recovery.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional layer system of a mirror according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the influence of the thickness of the silver layer on the reflection
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the influence of the amount of silver on the color neutrality in reflection.
- the mirrors according to the invention are made using a conventional glass sheet, preferably without coloration.
- the glass sheet 1 is in particular a silico-soda-lime glass sheet produced in a "float" type installation.
- the glass is optionally tempered for safety reasons. It is generally flat but may also have been curved in a known manner.
- the glass sheet 1 is the support of a light reflecting layer system. In the mirrors according to the invention the incident light which is reflected through the glass sheet twice.
- the thickness of the glass sheet is a function of the intended use. Given the absorption of the glass itself, to have the highest possible reflection, it is preferable to maintain this thickness as small as possible compatible with the use considered. In practice the thicknesses are at least 1 mm and most often at least 1.5 mm.
- the sheet is on the opposite side of the incident light source, a layer system which comprises a silver-based metal reflective layer 2.
- this layer should be thick enough to ensure high reflection. Beyond a certain threshold, however, an increase in this thickness no longer brings a significant increase in reflection. It is therefore necessary to adjust the amount of money to what is necessary to obtain the desired rate of reflection.
- the nature of the neighboring layers, and in particular that of the layer 4 which covers the silver layer also intervenes.
- the nature and thickness of the layer 4 can contribute to the value of the reflection obtained. This is observed with a layer 4 of NiCr sufficiently thick.
- the layer 4 according to the invention consists of a NiCr alloy.
- the alloy is in weight proportion of substantially 80% of Ni and 20% of Cr.
- Ni is the most abundant constituent but also the one that contributes the most to the protection of money. Its electronegativity makes it react more intensely with oxygen or moisture that would penetrate the layer system despite the presence of the applied lacquer.
- the NiCr layer 4 must be relatively thick.
- the reflector system comprises in addition to the silver layer, optionally alloyed with small amounts of other metals, a primary layer 3 based on an alloy of nickel and chromium.
- This layer promotes attachment to the glass sheet when it is directly in contact therewith, the silver not leading to sufficient adhesion.
- this same layer whether directly in contact with the glass or not, also constitutes a protective barrier for the silver layer, for example against the ions coming from the glass substrate.
- the layer 3 is advantageously kept thin. Its reflectivity compared to that of the silver layer is very low. To limit the absorption, a small thickness is therefore preferred.
- the mirror layer systems according to the invention may also have additional layers which improve their resistance to the various factors likely to alter them, or which contribute to the strength of the whole.
- NiCr layer 4 it is also possible to have a protective layer between the NiCr layer 4 and the lacquer layer 5, which makes it possible, if necessary, to limit the interactions between these two layers or to further improve the chemical durability of the assembly.
- Different mirror samples are produced to highlight their optical properties as well as their resistance in several mechanical or chemical tests.
- the layers are deposited in a vacuum deposition system by ion bombardment of magnetron sputtering assisted metal targets.
- the deposits of the two NiCr layers are made from a NiCr target at 20% by weight of Cr, in an argon atmosphere at the residual pressure of 3.7 mTorr;
- the silver is deposited from two types of targets: 99.99% pure silver or silver alloy at 2 atomic% of aluminum, in an argon atmosphere at 5mTorr.
- the deposit is made in direct current.
- the reported tests include the use of layers under the silver comprising either 4 mg / m 2 of Ni (in the NiCr alloy) or 6 mg / m 2 of Ni, or for comparison a layer of Sn replacing the NiCr layer.
- the graph shows that, as a general rule, the increase in the quantity of money for the same structure of the layer system leads to an increase in reflection. This increase in the considered dominance 400-600mg / m 2 , is still sensitive. For additional increases of the layer the effects are not very sensitive.
- sample comprising the tin layer is the one that offers the best reflectivity. This layer is not preferred because of the fragility it shows in subsequent aging tests.
- the samples (I, II) in which the silver layer is pure are less absorbent, and less "colored", as shown in Figure 3, and reflect better than comparable samples (III, IV) made with silver comprising aluminum.
- the advantage of these lies in a better resistance to aging. All other things being equal, the samples in which the layer under the silver contains 4 mg / m 2 of Ni (I and III) reflect better than the comparable samples (II and IV) which contain 6 mg / m 2 of Ni. In order to have the strongest reflection, it is necessary to maintain a layer as thin as possible.
- Figure 3 shows the impact of the composition of the layer system on the reflection coloring C * measured as the square root of the sum of the squares of a * and b *. The measurement is made for the illuminant D65 under 10 °.
- the stainings are lowest for pure silver (I and II) samples and for the comparative sample with tin undercoat.
- the colorations are also lower as the NiCr underlayer is thinner (I / II and III / IV).
- lacquers that can be used according to the invention are essentially devoid of lead. They include resins and pigments.
- the resins of the lacquers are of the acrylic, acryl-amide, vinyl-acrylic, acrylic-styrene, polyamine, polyamide, polyurethane, phenolic, epoxy, epoxy-ester, alkide or alkide-urethane type.
- the lacquer is applied in limited quantity to what is necessary to obtain useful mechanical protection.
- the quantity applied is at most 200 g / m 2 giving a dry thickness of not more than 60 ⁇ , and preferably at most 150g / m 2 leading to a dry thickness of not more than 50 ⁇ .
- Some of the best lacquers include:
- the aging tests performed are:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08717071A EP2130070A1 (fr) | 2007-02-26 | 2008-02-25 | Miroir a reflexion elevee |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07103038A EP1972970A1 (fr) | 2007-02-26 | 2007-02-26 | Miroir a reflexion élevée |
| EP08717071A EP2130070A1 (fr) | 2007-02-26 | 2008-02-25 | Miroir a reflexion elevee |
| PCT/EP2008/052221 WO2008107327A1 (fr) | 2007-02-26 | 2008-02-25 | Miroir a reflexion elevee |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2130070A1 true EP2130070A1 (fr) | 2009-12-09 |
Family
ID=38293426
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07103038A Ceased EP1972970A1 (fr) | 2007-02-26 | 2007-02-26 | Miroir a reflexion élevée |
| EP08717071A Withdrawn EP2130070A1 (fr) | 2007-02-26 | 2008-02-25 | Miroir a reflexion elevee |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07103038A Ceased EP1972970A1 (fr) | 2007-02-26 | 2007-02-26 | Miroir a reflexion élevée |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP1972970A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2008107327A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108275890A (zh) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-13 | 东莞鑫泰玻璃科技有限公司 | 镀膜银镜及其制备方法 |
| SE543408C2 (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2021-01-05 | Mimsi Mat Ab | Glazing and method of its production |
| CN112379472B (zh) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-08-16 | 上海卫星装备研究所 | 一种低吸辐比的光学太阳反射镜及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5215832A (en) * | 1990-04-25 | 1993-06-01 | Cardinal Ic Company | Lead-free mirrors and environmentally safe manufacture thereof |
| US5514476A (en) * | 1994-12-15 | 1996-05-07 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Low-E glass coating system and insulating glass units made therefrom |
| AU4955599A (en) * | 1998-06-09 | 1999-12-30 | Regents Of The University Of California, The | Durable silver coating for mirrors |
| US6416194B1 (en) * | 1999-02-11 | 2002-07-09 | Turkiye Sise Ve Cam Fabrikalari A.S. | Thermostable back-surface mirrors |
-
2007
- 2007-02-26 EP EP07103038A patent/EP1972970A1/fr not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-02-25 EP EP08717071A patent/EP2130070A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-02-25 WO PCT/EP2008/052221 patent/WO2008107327A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2008107327A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1972970A1 (fr) | 2008-09-24 |
| WO2008107327A1 (fr) | 2008-09-12 |
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