Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F24V40/00—Production or use of heat resulting from internal friction of moving fluids or from friction between fluids and moving bodies
  • F24V40/10—Production or use of heat resulting from internal friction of moving fluids or from friction between fluids and moving bodies the fluid passing through restriction means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
  • F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
  • F28D7/085—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions
  • F28D7/087—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions assembled in arrays, each array being arranged in the same plane

Definitions

• the invention relates to a thermal power plant with a device for generating heat of compression, comprising a pump circuit with a pump for conveying a liquid, in particular oil through a throttle, and with a heat exchanger for transferring heat from the heated liquid to be heated by the Heat exchanger-conveyed fluid, wherein the system comprises a liquid container and the pump circuit is formed as an open circuit by the liquid to be pumped through the throttle withdrawn from the remplisstechniksbe- container and the heated fluid conveyed through the throttle is returned to the liquid container. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for generating heat of compression and for transferring the generated heat of compression to a fluid to be heated.
• the cold water inlet is located in the area of the bottom of the steel container; the process is located near the upper end.
• the cold water introduced into the steel container is heated by the heat given off by the heating coil system as a result of the flow of the heated oil. Consequently, heated water can be withdrawn above the drain.
• a regulator serves to detect the temperature of the water in the steel container and controls Depending on the measured temperature of the pump.
• JP 56119490 A discloses a thermal power plant in which the pump circuit is designed as an open circuit.
• a liquid container filled with oil serves as an oil compensation container and as a container for arranging a heat exchanger.
• a heat exchanger is a heating coil system, which is traversed by the heated fluid to transfer heat from the heated by the heat of compression of the liquid.
• heat is removed through the heat exchanger of the heated by the heat of compression, located in the liquid container liquid heat.
• the units of the pump circuit are outside the liquid container.
• a heating of the conveyed in the heat exchanger to be heated fluid takes place to a significant extent only when the pump circuit is in operation. Therefore, the system described in this document does not work very efficiently.
• thermal power plant is designed in principle as described in DE 31 00 810 A1, differs from this, however, in that the aggregates of the pump circuit are located in the liquid container and to which a heat exchanger circuit is connected.
• a heat exchanger is a RohrBCsch Siemenssystem which is arranged in a water tank with the water to be heated. Heating of the service water is therefore carried out in this system as described in DE 31 00 810 A1.
• a disadvantage is considered in this system, the only relatively slow heating of the service water and conditional on the design of the system size.
• the object of the invention is thus to improve a heat power plant mentioned in the introduction in such a way that its efficiency is improved. is better. Furthermore, the invention has the object to improve the aforementioned method for generating heat of compression and for transferring the generated heat of compression to a fluid to be heated accordingly.
• the device-related object is achieved according to the invention by an initially mentioned, generic heat power plant, in which the heat exchanger is turned into a designed as an open circuit heat exchanger circuit with a pump for conveying heated by the pump circuit liquid through the heat exchanger, wherein the intake port located in the liquid container and the outlet side opening of the heat exchanger circuit are arranged so that the liquid in the liquid container is mixed by the operation of the pump of the heat exchanger circuit.
• the method-related object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 16.
• a heat exchanger (heat exchanger) is used in which is used to effect the heat transfer from the heated by the heat of compression fluid to the fluid to be heated, such as process water, a heat exchanger in which both fluids - heated liquid and to be heated Fluid - to actively promote heat transfer.
• An advantage of using such a heat exchanger is not only the particularly effective heat transfer, but also the fact that the heat exchanger for conveying the heated by the heat of compression liquid is turned on in an open heat exchange circuit using the liquid contained in the liquid container of the plant, in particular oil , The operation of this heat exchanger circuit is made use of to mix by sucking liquid from the liquid container and ejecting or returning them in the liquid container, the liquid contained therein. This has the consequence that mixed at the output of the heat exchanger in the liquid container of the system from the heat exchanger circuit cooler fluid mixed with the rest, located in the liquid container liquid.
• the pump circuit need not only be operated at intervals, typically only when the temperature of the liquid heated by the heat of compression in the container has fallen below a lower threshold to warm them up to their upper threshold temperature.
• the provision of the heat exchanger circuit for conveying heated liquid through the heat exchanger not only has advantages in terms of improved heat transfer, but also in terms of exploiting the heat generated by the operation of the pump circuit.
• To remove heat from the liquid only the heat exchanger circuit needs to work.
• a circulating pump used for this purpose operates with considerably less energy compared with that required for the pump circuit.
• the storage capacity provided by the liquid used for the recovery of the heat of compression is used in general, at least as far as possible and not only locally with the pump circuit switched off.
• this thermal power plant also determines the amount of liquid contained in the pump circuit, the heat exchanger circuit and in the liquid container, the heat storage capacity, the frequency with which the pump of the pump circuit to raise the temperature of the liquid in the liquid container must be operated. Liquid contained in the liquid container thus has a uniform temperature distribution, regardless of the operation of the pump circuit.
• a heat exchanger for example, a plate heat exchanger can be used.
• the suction of the heat exchanger circuit and the outlet side opening thereof with a sufficiently large to form the desired implementation distance to each other with respect to the length or the diameter of the liquid container are arranged and / or fluidly so are aligned that sets the desired circulation.
• the suction port and the discharge port do not necessarily have to be the physical suction port and discharge port of the heat exchanger itself with respect to this heat exchange circuit. Rather, it is preferable to connect to the physical Ansaugstutz the heat exchanger and the outlet side nozzle in each case a piece of pipe or a piece of tubing in order to arrange the relevant with respect to the mixing openings of the heat exchanger circuit to the appropriate positions within the liquid container.
• a second heat exchanger circuit in which the fluid to be heated, such as process water, such as the water is promoted for a building heating installation , flows through the heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger circuit in which the fluid to be heated, such as process water, such as the water is promoted for a building heating installation .
• this heat exchanger circuit can be switched directly into a service water device, for example, to the flow and return of a heating system.
• the thermal power plant with its associated heat to be heated heat exchanger circuit to a building heating installation of the heated after flowing through the heat exchanger fluid output of the heat exchanger the flow and the input of this heat exchanger circuit is the return.
• an oil is typically used.
• hydraulic oils or oils which are referred to as thermal oils, can be used.
• thermal oils can be used.
• the pump circuit of this thermal power plant is operated at pressures of 250 bar or more. Depending on the pump capacity, pressures of 450 bar or more can be realized.
• pumps for operating the pump circuit typically gear pumps or piston pumps are used, which are driven by an electric motor. It is also possible to use vane pumps. If the pump circuit is to be operated at very high pressure, piston pumps will preferably be used for this purpose.
• a downpipe is connected to the outlet of the throttle, through which the heated liquid, for example the heated oil, is conveyed into the area of the bottom of the liquid container.
• the downpipe may open into a distributor, so that the heated liquid conveyed through the pump circuit exits at several points in the region of the bottom of the liquid container. This results in a faster mixing of the warmed liquid, which is relatively warmer from the downpipe, and the liquid in the liquid container.
• Liquid container and also the cover to the outside to insulate against heat loss.
• thermal insulation measures are well known.
• the thermal power plant can be used for different purposes, depending on which circuit is associated with the arranged in the liquid container heat exchanger. Thus, this thermal power plant is suitable for use in the context of a sanitary building installation for the provision of hot water, either for heating purposes or for use.
• the thermal power plant can also be used in connection with a cooling device, for example in the context of a building air conditioning, large refrigerators or refrigerated counters. In such a case, the fluid used for this purpose is heated (vaporized) by the heat exchanger and thereby brought into its gaseous phase so that it condenses elsewhere in a heat exchanger and in this case receives heat from the environment and then cools them.
• one or more heat exchangers can be arranged in the liquid container.
• thermal power plant it is also possible to provide a plurality of pump circuits, can be generated via the heat of compression.
• Each pump circuit is assigned a separate pump.
• the pump circuits can be operated simultaneously or independently of each other. It is also possible to feed a plurality of mutually parallel throttles with oil with a pump associated pump or to arrange several pumps connected in series in a pump circuit.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a thermal power plant, shown in a longitudinal section through a thermal power plant associated liquid container and
• FIG. 2 shows a thermal power plant in a schematic representation corresponding to that of FIG. 1 according to a further exemplary embodiment.
• a thermal power plant 1 comprises a liquid container 2.
• the liquid container 2 is closed on the upper side by a lid 3.
• the liquid container 2 and the lid 3 are constructed with two shells in the illustrated embodiment, for thermal insulation reasons.
• the liquid container 2 is filled with a liquid, which in the illustrated embodiment is a hydraulic oil 4.
• the fill level or the liquid level is identified by the reference symbol F in this figure.
• the oil is conveyed to generate heat of compression by a pump circuit 5. Belonging to the pump circuit 5 is a hydraulic pump 6 which is driven by an electric motor 6 and draws oil 4 from the liquid container 2 via a suction inlet 8 and supplies it via a pressure line 9 to a throttle 10 which is otherwise not illustrated.
• the throttle 10 is a component in which the oil 4 conveyed via the pressure line 9 is compressed and thereby heated. Thus, it is a component for reducing the free flow cross-sectional area of the pressure line 9 to achieve the desired compression and the associated heat generation (compression heat).
• the throttle 10 is adjustable with respect to its flow cross-section.
• a downpipe 11 is connected, via which the heated oil 4 is conveyed into the region of the bottom 12 of the liquid container 2.
• the downpipe 11 opens into a manifold 13, over which the heated oil over a certain extent of the soil distributed in the liquid container 2 is introduced.
• the manifold 13 is a pipe end closed at the end, in the upper side of which a plurality of oil outlet bores 14 are introduced.
• an oil filter 15 and a pressure gauge M are turned on as a pressure sensor.
• the oil filter 15 is accessible from the top of the lid 3 ago. Through the oil filter
• the pressure gauge M serves to monitor the operation of the pump circuit 5.
• a control unit 16 For controlling the pump circuit 5 is a control unit 16. As a sensor to the controller 16, a temperature sensor 17 is connected, which detects the temperature of the oil 4 in the liquid container 2. The electric motor 6 is connected via a signal line 18 to the control unit 16. Via a further signal line 19 is adjustable with respect to their flow cross-sectional area throttle 10 to the control unit
• the hydraulic pump 7 is designed to build up an operating pressure of 250 bar and more in the pressure line 9, which pressure is present on the input side of the throttle 10.
• the pump circuit 5 operates in the illustrated embodiment with the aforementioned operating pressure.
• the cross section of the throttle 10 is adjusted to determine the pressure and thus the heat of compression to be generated. If the thermal power plant 1 is set after a first installation, basically the throttle cross-section does not need to be changed.
• the pressure gauge 11 may also be connected to the control unit 16.
• the throttle 10 can then be controlled by the control unit 16 to expand its cross-section, in order to flush out a contamination in this way. Subsequently, the throttle 10 is returned to its for generating the heat of compression set cross section set. In the same way, an adjustment and / or monitoring of a safety valve can be made.
• a thermal power plant can be formed with a throttle with a constant cross-sectional area.
• the pump circuit 5 of the thermal power plant 1 is also associated with a not shown in the figures pressure relief valve as a safety valve.
• a safety valve can be designed to be adjustable in terms of Mathdruckschwellagonists. Such adjustability can be achieved by means of a controllable actuator, which in turn is controlled by the control unit 16. When the operating pressure is increased, the overpressure threshold value I of the safety valve is then adjusted accordingly.
• the safety valve is not adjustable and part of the throttle 10 and opens in the illustrated embodiment at 280 bar. Connected to this safety valve is a bypass line through which the flowing through the pressure relief valve oil 4 is returned to the liquid container 2.
• a plate heat exchanger 20 is used in the liquid container 2.
• the heat exchanger 20 is completely submerged in the oil tank 4 located in the liquid container 2.
• the plate heat exchanger 20 is switched on the one hand into a first heat exchanger circuit 21.
• the heat exchanger circuit 21 includes a submersible pump 22 which is driven by an electric motor 23.
• a pressure line 24 At the output of the submersible pump 22, from which the discharged during operation of the same oil escapes, a pressure line 24 and this in turn connected to the one input of the plate heat exchanger 20.
• an outlet pipe 25 which is connected to the outlet of this throughflow path of the heat exchanger 20 associated with the heat exchanger circuit 21.
• the submersible pump 22 and the outlet-side opening of the outlet pipe 25 are arranged at a distance from one another in relation to the length of the liquid container 2 which can be seen in FIG. drive the heat exchanger circuit 21 forms a recirculation flow within the liquid container.
• the plate heat exchanger 20 is turned on with its second flow path in a second heat exchanger circuit.
• This second heat exchanger circuit is part of a not shown in the figures heating installation of a building in the illustrated embodiment.
• the flow 26, with the heated water to be supplied to the radiators of the heater is connected to the relevant output of the plate heat exchanger 20.
• the return 27 of the heater is connected.
• the plate heat exchanger 20 of the illustrated embodiment is a countercurrent.
• the thermal power plant 1 works as follows:
• a first warm-up step the hydraulic pump 7 of the pump circuit 5 is operated until the oil 4 in the liquid container 2 has reached a preset temperature as a function of the required heat. This may, depending on the intended use of the thermal power plant, for example, between 60 0 C and 110 0 C lie. Due to the thermal insulation of the liquid container 2, the heat provided in this way can remain in the liquid container 2 for a long period of time, if the heat is not withdrawn via the heat exchanger 20. In the illustrated embodiment, there are about 60 liters of oil in the liquid container 2, so that a not inconsiderable heat storage is provided by this amount. The temperature of the oil 4 in the liquid container 2 decreases depending on the heat extracted via the heat exchanger 20 from the oil 4 contained in the liquid container 2.
• the control unit 16 is programmed in the illustrated embodiment such that a drop in the temperature of the oil 4 in the Liquid tank 2 is tolerated below a certain lower threshold before the hydraulic pump 7 is turned on to operate the pump circuit 5 to generate new heat of compression.
• the hydraulic pump 7 or the electric motor 6 driving the hydraulic pump 7 is switched off.
• the pump circuit 5 is thus dependent on the operated heat extracted. Since, during operation of the pump circuit 5, the oil 4 in the liquid container 2 is heated more rapidly than can be withdrawn via the plate heat exchanger 20, the pump circuit 5 is operated discontinuously.
• the control of the pump circuit 5 is independent of the control of the first heat exchanger circuit 21, with which the heated by the pump circuit 5 oil 4 is conveyed through the heat exchanger 20. Since in the illustrated embodiment, the heat exchanger 20 is switched directly into the flow and return 26, 27 of a building heating, the first heat exchanger circuit 21 is operated continuously. Consequently, in a heating operation, the electric motor 23 drives the submersible pump 22 continuously.
• the arrangement of the heat exchanger 20 in the arrangement shown in Figure 1 within the container 2 and the design and arrangement of the submersible pump 22 and the outlet pipe 25 is formed within the liquid container 2 in the oil contained therein 4 a recirculation flow, as schematized by the Block arrows is shown in Figure 1.
• the oil contained in the liquid container 2 is continuously mixed with the result that the heat is removed from the located in the liquid container 2 oil 4 not only locally but from the entire located in the liquid container 2 amount of oil by the heat extraction through the heat exchanger 20.
• the provision of the internals located within the oil 4 in the liquid container 2 assist the mixing process, since these turbulences are adjusted and thus the formation of a merely laminar circulation flow is avoided.
• the first heat exchanger circuit 21 operates with such a delivery volume that, for this reason as well, a merely laminar recirculation flow will not occur.
• the stored in the oil 4 heat is therefore usable in total.
• the relatively cooler oil leaving the outlet pipe 25 rapidly mixes with the surrounding warmer oil.
• To support the distribution process of the generated heat of compression is the on the downpipe 11 connected distributor 13.
• other flow-conducting or flow-directing structures may be arranged within the liquid container 2.
• the driven by the electric motor 23 submersible pump 22 operates at a rate of about 20 to 30 liters per minute depending on the setting.
• a circulation of the oil contained in the liquid container 2 (60 I) takes place within 2-3 minutes.
• a specialist will set on the basis of the other parameters of the thermal power plant and the required heat.
• the amount of oil contained in the liquid container and the intended Cyprusaustrag should be on the heat exchanger.
• the liquid container 2 is almost completely filled with oil 4.
• the lid 3 has a vent opening E. Existing water, such as condensation, can easily evaporate out of the vent 23 out.
• all units are arranged on the lid 3. By removing the lid 3, therefore, one obtains access to all the aggregates.
• the submersible pump 22 with the plate heat exchanger 20 connecting pressure line 24 is flexible or has a flexible portion.
• thermal power plant provision is made for a plurality of heat exchangers to be introduced into the liquid container 2, preferably in a parallel arrangement with respect to one another, which are associated with the same or different installations. In this way can be operated with a single thermal power plant heat, for example, not only for heating, but also hot water for use and / or an air conditioning system.
• the pump can form a structural unit with the valve unit or a throttle. This can also be arranged laterally with respect to the liquid container. Forms the valve unit or throttle with the Pump a structural unit, it may be appropriate to arrange this block liquidbed within the liquid container. This has the advantage that heat losses are reduced to a minimum. Furthermore, arranging the pressure part within the fluid has safety advantages.
• FIG 2 shows another thermal power plant 1 ', which is basically constructed as the thermal power plant 1 of Figure 1.
• the same components are therefore identified by the same reference numerals, supplemented by an "apostrophe”.
• a safety valve 28, a check valve 29 and a pressure sensor, for example, designed as a pressure gauge 30 are turned on in the pressure line 9 'following the pump T.
• the entire pressure line 9 'with the units therein 28, 29, 30 including the throttle 10' are oil-covered.
• Of advantage are not only the above-described safety-relevant aspects of such an arrangement, but also that in an operation of the pump circuit 5 'within the line 9' and the units 7 ', 28, 29, 10' resulting heat in addition to the in the liquid container.
• the pressure gauge 30 as a pressure sensor, a proper operation of the throttle 10 'can be monitored. If the pump is out of operation, the conveying path of the pressure line 9 'connected downstream of the check valve 29 would have to be depressurized, and consequently a recognizable pressure drop would have to be detectable. If this is not done, this indicates a throttle defect. If such monitoring is desired, the pressure gauge 30 is connected to the control unit 16 '.

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• 2007
  • 2007-03-20 DE DE202007004267U patent/DE202007004267U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2008
  • 2008-02-29 DE DE502008000956T patent/DE502008000956D1/de active Active
  • 2008-02-29 EP EP08709261A patent/EP2129975B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2008-02-29 AT AT08709261T patent/ATE474193T1/de active
  • 2008-02-29 CN CN200880009182A patent/CN101675307A/zh active Pending
  • 2008-02-29 WO PCT/EP2008/052508 patent/WO2008113671A1/fr active Application Filing

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