EP2122809A2 - Machine electrique - Google Patents

Machine electrique

Info

Publication number
EP2122809A2
EP2122809A2 EP08706364A EP08706364A EP2122809A2 EP 2122809 A2 EP2122809 A2 EP 2122809A2 EP 08706364 A EP08706364 A EP 08706364A EP 08706364 A EP08706364 A EP 08706364A EP 2122809 A2 EP2122809 A2 EP 2122809A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
winding structure
rotor
machine according
webs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08706364A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rolf Gloor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gloor Engineering
Original Assignee
Gloor Engineering
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gloor Engineering filed Critical Gloor Engineering
Publication of EP2122809A2 publication Critical patent/EP2122809A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
    • H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
    • H02K17/12—Asynchronous induction motors for multi-phase current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
    • H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
    • H02K19/103—Motors having windings on the stator and a variable reluctance soft-iron rotor without windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02—Details
    • H02K21/04—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
    • H02K21/046—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation with rotating permanent magnets and stationary field winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • H02K99/20—Motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/12—Transversal flux machines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric machines. It relates to such an electrical machine for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy and vice versa, comprising a movable part and a fixed part, wherein in transverse magnetic flux guide, the movable part is designed as an in-line, winding-free rotor, wherein the rotor for the purpose of magnetic flux guide at least two axially spaced from each other magnetic conductor, so that form a first and a second impeller, and the fixed part in the circumferential direction of the machine comprises a number of magnetically effective webs, which are in operative connection with the magnetic conductors of the rotor, said fixed part having at least one first winding structure which is also operatively connected to the axially spaced magnetic conductors of the rotor.
  • Machine for conversion of electrical to mechanical energy and vice versa comprising a movable part and a fixed part, wherein in transverse magnetic flux guide, the movable part is designed as an internal, winding-free rotor.
  • transversal flux machines measured an increased interest because of their very good torque-to-mass ratio, they are called complicated and therefore pose a challenge for the production.
  • transversal flux machines are considered to be complicated to produce, and indeed, known transversal flux machines today have a Onellen electrical rotary machines large number of different components whose assembly is time-consuming and therefore costly.
  • the transversal flux machine has not been supplied with great interest in mass production because of the complicated production.
  • WO2006126552 discloses an electric machine for converting electrical to mechanical energy and vice versa, comprising a movable part and a fixed part, wherein in transverse magnetic flux guide, the movable part is designed as an internal, winding-free rotor, wherein the rotor for the purpose of magnetic flux guide at least two axially spaced from each other magnetic conductor, so that form a first and a second impeller, and the fixed part in the circumferential direction of the machine comprises a number of magnetically effective webs, which are in operative connection with the magnetic conductors of the rotor, said fixed part having at least one first winding structure which is also operatively connected to the axially spaced magnetic conductors of the rotor.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electrical machine which shows an improved torque - machine volume ratio with good centrifugal force resistance.
  • the object underlying this invention is achieved by an electrical machine according to claim 1.
  • Advantageous embodiments of this machine are the subject of the dependent claims or can be found in the following description and the exemplary embodiments.
  • the present electric-to-mechanical electrical machine and vice versa comprises a movable part and a stationary part, wherein in transverse magnetic flux guide, the movable part is formed as an in-line, winding-free rotor and the rotor is at least two axially spaced from each other for magnetic flux guidance comprises magnetic conductors on so-called impellers, between which the fixed part in the circumferential direction of the machine has a number of magnetically effective webs, which are in operative connection with the magnetic conductors of the rotor and wherein said fixed part has at least one first winding structure with the axial spaced magnetic conductors of the rotor is also in operative connection.
  • the inventive machine has a second winding structure on the webs, wherein either the first winding structure acts as an armature winding and the second winding structure as a field winding or vice versa and wherein the at least one first and a second impeller radially inward magnetically effective by means of another magnetic Ladder are connected.
  • the magnetic flux thus proceeds from the magnetically active web of the stationary part via a first magnetic conductor of the rotor to an axially adjacent second magnetic conductor of the rotor and back to the magnetically active web.
  • This magnetic circuit encloses the first winding structure of the stationary part of the electric machine according to the invention.
  • the design of the machine essential to the invention essentially shows rotor elements which are equipped as impellers with individual magnetic conductors and have annular structures of the stationary part of the machine, hereinafter also referred to as stator. called, such as the first winding structure.
  • stator such as the first winding structure.
  • the entire machine disc-shaped (rotor), or annular (stator) to build up axially.
  • the impellers and the near-axis, magnetically active connection of adjacent impellers belonging to a phase rotate.
  • a significant advantage of the new electric machine is that a significantly higher torque can be provided with the best possible centrifugal force resistance and thus robustness of the machine, as in state-of-the-art machines, that is, the same size as a known machine provides the new Machine, the larger torque, or if the machine is designed for torque, shows the new electric machine with significantly smaller volume.
  • the magnetic circuit structure shows a particularly effective frictional connection, since the first winding structure can be arranged particularly close to the axis in the stator and the magnetic flux is radially closed achsfem on the vanes and the webs in the stator. Because of the winding arrangement close to the axis of the first winding structure comparatively little line copper is used on the one hand, this first winding arrangement is very robust to produce, and on the other hand arises due to the low copper consumption compared to the prior art comparatively high efficiency of the machine with the already mentioned, improved specific torque.
  • an advantageous embodiment of the electric machine provides that axially adjacent impellers are connected by means of a magnetic conductor;
  • the impellers may have an L-shaped or a T-shaped structure, viewed in a radial section, or may alternatively be spaced apart by a magnetically conductive ring.
  • a further embodiment provides that adjacently arranged impellers may be spaced by a permanent magnet ring. It is advantageous if the machine has an additional, second winding structure between the radially inner, first winding structure and the radially outer web ends in the stator. It is provided that either the first or the second winding structure acts as a field winding or as an armature winding.
  • each of the webs surrounded by a second winding structure can advantageously be designed as permanent magnets.
  • the second winding structure may be formed as a single, independent coil windings, wherein each individual coil winding is arranged as a short-circuit winding between the radially inner, first winding structure and the radially outer web ends.
  • the second winding structure in the circumferential direction of the machine can also be arranged wave-like or loop-shaped between the first winding structure and the radially outer web ends.
  • each web of a machine pole on both sides in the circumferential direction radially extending winding parts and adjacent webs alternately only a tangentially outer or a tangentially inner winding part.
  • each web of a machine pole is surrounded along its radial and tangential web sides by a coil having a number of turns, adjacent coils being respectively the same at the radial web sides Number of turns lie together and at the tangential outer and the tangential inner web pages each only the simple number of turns of a coil occurs;
  • this loop-shaped, second winding structure allows a more compact design of the machine according to the invention and the compensation of an axial magnetic flux component of this second winding structure.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the machine provides that the second winding structure is arranged between the first winding structure and a housing bounding the machine, wherein this second winding structure is formed as an embedded winding structure and each part winding of this second winding structure between each two circumferentially adjacent webs is arranged.
  • This second winding structure can be designed as a short-circuit winding, as a wave winding or as a loop winding.
  • axially adjacent two or more phases may be realized in the fixed part, bounded as a composite of only two impellers of the rotating part of the machine, or each of the two or more phases are each located between directly associated impellers.
  • the two or more phases are installed offset from each other with a desired phase shift.
  • the new electric machine is further characterized by the fact that it can be implemented as an asynchronous machine or as a synchronous machine.
  • the synchronous machine with asynchronous startup option is also an interesting design,
  • 1 a, b is a longitudinal sectional view, or a cross-sectional view of the invention according to the electric machine in the embodiment of a three-phase synchronous A with an excitation in the form of short-circuited rings, or a three-phase synchronous machine with an excitation in the form of a loop winding.
  • 2a, b is a longitudinal sectional view, or a cross-sectional view of the inventive electrical machine in the embodiment of the three-phase synchronous machine with an excitation in the form of a wave-shaped winding structure.
  • 3a, b is a longitudinal sectional illustration, or a cross-sectional view of the erfindungsdorfen electrical machine in the embodiment of a three-phase synchronous A with an excitation in the form of short-circuiting rings, said shorting rings are each formed between embedded in the circumferential direction of the machine webs as embedded shorting rings , or with an excitation in the form of a corresponding loop winding, and the
  • Fig. I a, b show by way of a three-phase machine, an embodiment of the inventive electric machine in a longitudinal sectional view (Fig. I a) or 1 in a cross-sectional view (Fig. I b).
  • This is a three-phase asynchronous machine or a synchronous machine with phases Pl, P2 and P3.
  • This machine comprises a rotationally symmetrical housing G, which carries a stationary part S, M 1 L, W of the machine, wherein on an inner wall of the housing G three axially spaced web rings with a number of webs S, M are arranged.
  • the number of webs S, M in the example of embodiment 32 is what corresponds to the number of poles of the machine.
  • the webs S, M of the second phase P2 are in the present, three-phase design with respect to the webs S, M of the first phase Pl rotated by one-third of the pole pitch.
  • the third phase P3 by two-thirds compared to the first phase PI.
  • a concentric winding is attached as a first winding structure W.
  • a movable part k, k ', f of the machine is arranged on a rotor axis a, on the per phase PI, P2, P3 two impellers fr, fr 1 are mounted with magnetically conductive vanes f.
  • the wings f are aligned in this embodiment, aligned with each other, said wings f radially and viewed from the rotor axis a from at least in the region of the webs S, M are formed as spaced circumferentially of the machine wings f; below that you can be connected. In the region of the webs S, M are then the number of pole pairs according to a number of wings f, in the present example 16 wings f, distributed over the circumference.
  • Adjacent vanes fr, fr 1 of a respective phase Pl, P2, P3 are connected by means of a magnetically conductive core k, or a permanent magnet k '. Furthermore, the machine has a second winding structure L, Lk, Ls.
  • This second winding structure L, Lk, Ls is formed in the form of individual short-circuit windings Lk or in the form of a loop winding Ls on the webs S 1 M.
  • the short-circuit windings Lk or the loop winding Ls with their respective coil axes are arranged parallel to the rotor axis a on the webs S, M.
  • These short-circuit windings Lk, or loop winding Ls extend in the present example between the radially inner web ends Si and the radially outer web ends Sa and thus frame the webs S, M completely.
  • This machine has 32 poles, that is, 16 pairs of poles and 16 wings f on the impellers fr, fr '.
  • the vanes fr, fr 'of all adjacent phases Pl, P2, P3 are in this embodiment aligned with each other, whereas the webs S, M of the phases have a phase shift. This is clear in Fig. I a 1 in which the corresponding phase-shifted phases PI, P2, P3 appear cut differently.
  • the cut passes radially through a short-circuit winding Lk, or a loop winding Ls
  • the phases P2, P3 have sections through the webs S, M and the short-circuit windings Lk, and the loop winding Ls at the inner web ends Si and the outer bridge ends Sa on.
  • the present machine is used with its short-circuit windings Lk for the excitation and the first winding structure W for the armature winding as an asynchronous machine used; With a loop winding Ls as excitation, this machine according to the invention functions as a synchronous machine or as a non-slip asynchronous machine.
  • the magnetic circuit consists of the core k, k ', two axially adjacent wings f, the two air gaps between wings f and the associated web S, M.
  • M is formed attractive force (Maxwell force) in the axial and tangential direction between wing f and web S 1 M.
  • the force in the axial direction causes only a mechanical stress on the components but no remarkable movement, since the wings f and webs S, M can not move in this direction outside their elasticity.
  • the tangential force causes a movement of the wings f, since they can rotate with the rotor axis a. Due to the above-mentioned phase shift of the phases Pl, P2 and P3 results in an approximately constant force in the circumferential direction - depending on the phase sequence in the drive- and thus a torque.
  • FIGS. 2a, b (longitudinal and cross section) has, in addition to the first winding structure W, a second winding structure L, Lw, which is arranged as wave-shaped winding Lw on the webs S, M.
  • This wave-shaped winding Lw is characterized in that all the webs S, M are provided on their radial sides with the wave-shaped winding Lw, whereas in the circumferential direction immediately adjacent webs S, M each alternately only one winding part of the wave-shaped winding Lw at the radially inner web end Si or at the radially outer web end Sa have.
  • the wave-shaped winding Lw serves as a field winding
  • adjacent webs S, M an opposite, magnetic polarity on and there are for example again 16 pole pairs of webs S, M before and 16 wings on the impellers fr, fr '.
  • the first winding structure W as armature winding, this machine functions as a synchronous machine.
  • the webs S, M of the individual phases Pl, P2, P3 are arranged with a phase shift to each other; Fig.
  • FIG. 2a illustrates this at the different sections of the wave-shaped winding Lw, namely with a radial section through this wave-shaped winding Lw in phase Pl and with cuts through the webs S, M of the phases P2 and P3 and through the wave-shaped winding Lw at the outer web end Sa , or at the inner web end Si.
  • FIGS. 3a, b an asynchronous machine according to the invention is shown in a longitudinal section (FIG. 3a) or in a cross-sectional view (FIG. 3b), similar to that shown in FIGS. 1a, b.
  • the difference lies in the arrangement of the second winding structure L, Lk, which is embodied here as an embedded winding structure, wherein each individual short-circuit winding Lk is respectively arranged between two circumferentially adjacent webs.
  • the short-circuit windings are Lk in Fig. 3a, rotated 90 °, and thus have a tangential magnetic flux direction through.
  • the vanes fr, fr 'of each phase are rotated by one pole pitch, because of the tangential flow through the short-circuit windings Lk.
  • the machine shown in FIGS. 3a, b can also be equipped with a loop winding Ls instead of the short-circuit windings Lk described above; Thus, this machine can also be used as a synchronous machine or as a slip ringless Schleifringasynchronmaschine.
  • FIGS. 4a, b show a further embodiment of the asynchronous machine, as shown in FIGS. 3a, b.
  • the essential difference here is that the air gap is not axially, but radially directed, wherein the webs S, M and embedded between two webs S short-circuit windings Lk extend radially outward of the machine over the entire width of two adjacent vanes fr, fr 1 .
  • a loop winding Ls be arranged, as already explained above.
  • FIGS. 3 a, b and 4 a, b are provided with an embedded wave winding Lw as second winding structure instead of short-circuit windings.
  • impellers fr, fr ' are designed as discs with a flange attachment articulated radially inward; that is, the vanes fr, fr 'would have an L-shaped structure in an axial section.
  • an impeller fr, fr ' would be T-shaped in an axial section; these two variants are not the subject of figurative representation in the drawing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Machine électrique destinée à la transformation d'énergie électrique en énergie mécanique et inversement, comprenant une partie mobile (k, k', f, fr, fr') et une partie fixe (S, M, L, W), machine dans laquelle la partie mobile (k, k', f, fr, fr'), à flux magnétique transversal, est configurée comme rotor intérieur (k, k', f, fr, fr') exempt d'enroulements, ledit rotor (k, k', f, fr, fr') comprenant, pour le guidage du flux magnétique, au moins deux conducteurs magnétiques (f), axialement à distance l'un de l'autre, et la partie fixe (S, M, L, W) présentant, dans le sens périphérique de la machine, une pluralité de barrettes magnétiques (S, M), qui sont en liaison coopérante avec les conducteurs magnétiques (f) du rotor (k, k', f, fr, fr'). La partie fixe (S, M, L, W) présente au moins une première structure d'enroulements (W) et une seconde structure d'enroulements (L), qui sont agencées entre les conducteurs magnétiques (f) du rotor axialement à distance entre eux.
EP08706364A 2007-02-15 2008-02-15 Machine electrique Withdrawn EP2122809A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2552007 2007-02-15
PCT/CH2008/000064 WO2008098403A2 (fr) 2007-02-15 2008-02-15 Machine électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2122809A2 true EP2122809A2 (fr) 2009-11-25

Family

ID=38725806

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08706364A Withdrawn EP2122809A2 (fr) 2007-02-15 2008-02-15 Machine electrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7990009B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2122809A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101657955B (fr)
WO (1) WO2008098403A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7868511B2 (en) 2007-05-09 2011-01-11 Motor Excellence, Llc Electrical devices using disk and non-disk shaped rotors
CN102257708A (zh) 2008-11-03 2011-11-23 卓越发动机有限责任公司 横向和/或换向磁通系统转子构想
CN102959832B (zh) 2010-03-15 2016-11-16 电扭矩机器股份有限公司 具有相偏移的横向和/或换向通量系统
WO2011115632A1 (fr) 2010-03-15 2011-09-22 Motor Excellence Llc Systèmes à flux transversal et/ou à flux commuté, configurés de façon à réduire les déperditions de flux, à réduire les déperditions d'hystérésis et à réaliser une adaptation de phase
CN102986115A (zh) 2010-03-15 2013-03-20 电扭矩机器股份有限公司 用于电动自行车的横向和/或换向通量系统
CN103477538A (zh) 2010-11-17 2013-12-25 电动转矩机器公司 具有分段定子层压件的横向和/或换向磁通系统
WO2012067896A2 (fr) 2010-11-17 2012-05-24 Motor Excellence, Llc Systèmes à flux commuté et/ou transversal comprenant des tôles de stator segmentées et en poudre
US8854171B2 (en) 2010-11-17 2014-10-07 Electric Torque Machines Inc. Transverse and/or commutated flux system coil concepts
DE102014002627A1 (de) * 2014-02-27 2015-08-27 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Kg Elektromaschine
FR3036868A1 (fr) * 2015-05-29 2016-12-02 Francecol Tech Moteur homopolaire compose asynchrone
CN114285204B (zh) * 2021-12-31 2023-03-28 华中科技大学 一种永磁容错电机

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008098403A2 (fr) 2008-08-21
CN101657955B (zh) 2012-07-04
WO2008098403A3 (fr) 2008-10-02
US7990009B2 (en) 2011-08-02
US20090295237A1 (en) 2009-12-03
CN101657955A (zh) 2010-02-24

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