EP2121993B1 - Device and method for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace - Google Patents

Device and method for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2121993B1
EP2121993B1 EP08843334A EP08843334A EP2121993B1 EP 2121993 B1 EP2121993 B1 EP 2121993B1 EP 08843334 A EP08843334 A EP 08843334A EP 08843334 A EP08843334 A EP 08843334A EP 2121993 B1 EP2121993 B1 EP 2121993B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lifting
workpiece
struts
heat treatment
carriers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08843334A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2121993A1 (en
Inventor
Friedhelm Kühn
Horst Barth
Wolfgang Schalberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOI Thermprocess GmbH
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LOI Thermprocess GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Priority to SI200830072T priority Critical patent/SI2121993T1/en
Priority to PL08843334T priority patent/PL2121993T3/en
Publication of EP2121993A1 publication Critical patent/EP2121993A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2121993B1 publication Critical patent/EP2121993B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/16—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a circular or arcuate path
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace, in particular a rotary hearth furnace, and a corresponding method.
  • a rotary hearth furnace with a device for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace is for example from DE 199 19 738 A1 known, wherein the rotary hearth furnace is associated with a device for quenching workpieces, be quenched in which workpieces to be treated with a cooled gas. From the DE 30 04 175 A1 Further, a device for transporting glowing coke from a furnace chamber to a stationary extinguishing station is known.
  • rotary hearth furnaces are loaded and unloaded via a so-called elevator.
  • a workpiece is first moved onto the actuating sliding surface of the elevator, and by default with a suitable impact device. Subsequently, the workpiece is slid over an opening in the outer wall of the rotary hearth furnace in this, also with a pusher.
  • the same or a different impact device can be used for this purpose.
  • the actuating sliding surface of the elevator Since the actuating sliding surface of the elevator is immersed in the oil bath at each discharge, it is constantly wetted with oil, which passes when pushing workpieces from the control sliding surface with these in the rotary hearth furnace. Due to the prevailing temperatures evaporated or burned entrained with the workpieces oil and contaminates the atmosphere in the rotary hearth furnace. In order to achieve a consistently high quality during the heat treatment, it is absolutely necessary to avoid such contamination of the atmosphere.
  • the inventive apparatus for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace comprising a frame having a first upper and a second lower level, which are arranged parallel to each other and connected to each other via a plurality of frame struts, wherein the first and the second level each having a plurality of openings and wherein the frame struts have a plurality of guide means.
  • the apparatus further comprises a plurality of lift struts connected to a lift mechanism vertically movably supported in the guide bars of the frame struts and extending vertically above the upper level, each lift strut being at a first position associated with the first level and a second
  • the second level assigned position has a driver.
  • the drivers are so aligned with the lifting struts that they are movable in a vertical movement of the lifting struts in or through the openings in the associated planes.
  • the device further comprises at least one holding means arranged on a frame strut, which limits the vertical movement of the corresponding lifting strut.
  • the invention is based on the idea of using a "double-deck" device for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace, which device comprises, in addition to a frame comprising the first and second planes, another lifting frame formed by the lifting rods, and the lifting rods have a plurality of carriers.
  • the drivers and the levels thereby form a shelf, which is designed once depending on the position of the lifting struts in the frame so that workpieces rest only on the plane or pushed or pushed by this, on the other hand, only the driver form the shelf for the workpieces, it is then possible that the workpieces are attacked by a lifting / lowering manipulator and can be transported in or out of the rotary hearth furnace.
  • the manipulator engages under the workpieces and raises them slightly for the appropriate manipulation.
  • Such a gripping under the workpieces is only possible if they are lifted by the drivers of the planes, so that a free space for corresponding lifting means of the manipulator is created.
  • Such loading and unloading is extremely advantageous because it is possible to dispense with so-called rail stones in the rotary hearth furnace on which the workpieces are pushed in or out of the rotary hearth furnace in conventional loading and unloading. These rail stones are extremely difficult to produce with consistent quality and must be exchanged in a relatively short time intervals costly and time-consuming.
  • the frame of the device is designed so that workpieces can be moved without problems on or from the corresponding levels or drivers.
  • workpiece in this application includes both individual workpieces that are moved without grates or the like, as well as multiple workpieces on so-called grates, the workpieces are then always moved together with the grates.
  • the frame can have three or more frame struts over which the two levels are interconnected. It is also possible to connect two frame struts in certain sections via a wall, should this - for stability reasons or for thermal radiation insulation - be necessary.
  • the frame struts have a plurality of guide means, in which the lifting struts are guided. How many guide means are used per frame strut is primarily dependent on the size of the device and the weight of the workpieces to be moved.
  • the guide means are mounted vertically movable lifting struts, which are connected to a lifting mechanism.
  • all lifting struts can be connected to a separate lifting mechanism, or several lifting struts are coupled together and connected to the same lifting mechanism.
  • two struts each may be connected to a lifting mechanism, so that it is possible to raise or lower the lifting struts differently.
  • the lifting struts form a "lifting frame", which is displaceable against the frame.
  • the lifting struts can be designed such that they are arranged "within" the frame, in which case the planes have further openings or adapted openings, since the lifting struts are guided in such a case at least partially through the planes.
  • the lifting rods can be performed by the guide means "outside" of the frame.
  • the Hubstreben move outside of the frame
  • the But drivers move in or through the planes.
  • the openings in the planes are always designed so that they can either take the driver or that the drivers can move through them. In such a case, of course, the openings extend through the full height of the planes.
  • Whether the drivers move through corresponding vertical motions or only in the planes depends on the construction of the device. This can be designed so that the drivers move only in the planes. In such a case, make sure that the top of the driver is substantially flush with the surface of the planes, so if necessary, workpieces can be pushed onto or from the planes.
  • At least one frame strut a holding means is arranged, which limits the vertical movement of the corresponding lifting strut. If only one holding means is used, all lifting struts are connected to each other, so that the holding means limits the vertical movement of all lifting struts. If the lifting struts are not all connected to one another, correspondingly more holding means must be provided.
  • the device according to the invention can be adapted to any type of heat treatment furnaces.
  • it is suitable for rotary hearth furnaces, as these usually use an opening in the rotary hearth furnace for both loading and unloading.
  • slide rails are arranged on the upper side of at least one of the planes. These simplify the movement of the workpieces on or from the planes, so that correspondingly smaller impact devices can be used.
  • the use of the slide rails also has the advantage that when the occurrence of wear only the slides must be renewed, the level itself, however, does not need to be replaced.
  • the lower level has a plurality of additional openings through which the oil can pass into the oil upon immersion of the lower level. In this way you can on the one hand make the Abschreckbad smaller because you no longer rely on a Vorbeiflässe the oil, on the other hand you can accelerate the immersion in the oil, as additional openings are provided for the oil.
  • At least one holding means is arranged on one of the frame struts.
  • one of the guide means is designed as a holding means. In this way, no separate holding means needs to be provided, which simplifies the structure of the device as a whole.
  • the device is first lifted in a step a) via the lifting struts in a first position.
  • the at least one retaining means limits the vertical movement of the lifting struts relative to the frame.
  • the entire device is thus raised only on the lifting struts, the frame is not directly connected to a lifting mechanism.
  • the lower drivers are above the lower level, and a first workpiece is moved from the heat treatment furnace to the lower drivers.
  • the workpiece can be gripped from the outside and parked on the drivers.
  • Another way of moving from the heat treatment furnace to the drivers is set forth below.
  • the device is lowered in a step b) on the lifting struts so far into a second position, which moves the lower, the lower driver and the lower level portion of the device in the quenching and the lower level is turned off in the quenching device is, but the drivers remain above the respective level. Since the drivers remain above the levels, the workpiece still rests on the carriers in this position.
  • a second workpiece is then moved onto an upper depositing surface formed by the upper plane or the upper drivers. This can be done, for example, such that a manipulator attacks a workpiece at a storage or preparation site laterally and settles on the upper drivers. A detailed description of this process follows below.
  • the second workpiece (step d)) is moved from the upper deposition surface into the heat treatment furnace. This can again be done, for example, such that a manipulator attacks the workpiece laterally and lifts it into the heat treatment furnace.
  • step e) the lift rods are further lowered to a third position such that the drivers move into the planes, thereby moving the first workpiece from the lower drivers on the lower level is turned off.
  • the device is constructed so that the drivers move through the openings in the planes and not just in this, are disposed in the quenching distance means on which the lower plane rests at this time, thereby forming below the plane Free space is formed, in which the drivers can move on the lifting struts.
  • the first workpiece is removed from the lower level at step f) with a suitable device.
  • the workpiece is engaged in step a) in the heat treatment furnace by a lifting / lowering manipulator and placed on the lower drivers.
  • the workpiece can be grasped laterally by a manipulator in step c) and parked on the upper drivers.
  • the Workpiece at step c) settles on the upper drivers with a lifting / lowering manipulator, wherein the manipulator engages under the workpiece during transport to the drivers.
  • Such transport of the workpiece is much easier and safer - there must be no special holding means on the workpieces, which allow lateral gripping this.
  • the manipulator must have no gripping functionality, but only lifting means, which engage under the workpiece during the actual transport.
  • the workpiece is engaged in step d) by a lifting / lowering manipulator and lifted into the heat treatment furnace.
  • a lifting / lowering manipulator and lifted into the heat treatment furnace.
  • the workpiece is removed in step f) from the lower level, preferably with a push or pull device, since these are structurally simple, which is particularly important within d.
  • the device is lowered in step b) such that the drivers remain above the respective level and then the second workpiece on the upper shelf, in this case formed by the upper drivers, is moved. Since the drivers are arranged at the time of loading the device with the second workpiece above the plane, the second workpiece can only be placed on the upper drivers from above, for example with a lifting / lowering manipulator.
  • the lifting struts are therefore further lowered after step b) in such a way that the drivers are moved into the openings in the planes, the first workpiece being parked by the lower drivers on the lower level.
  • step c) then a second workpiece with a shock or pulling device on the upper shelf surface, due to the further lowering of the device is formed from the upper level, moves and then the device on the Lifting struts raised so that the drivers lift the workpieces from the respective levels.
  • this step makes it possible for workpieces to be pushed or pulled onto the upper support surface, in this case through the upper plane.
  • the insertion / retraction of the workpieces in the heat treatment furnace is undesirable because of the above-mentioned disadvantages, but the pushing / pulling of the workpieces outside the heat treatment furnace is unproblematic due to the very different conditions and circumstances.
  • a push or pull device which can be used for pushing or pushing the workpieces onto the upper level is structurally simpler and less expensive.
  • step f) can already be carried out at this time, i. a workpiece on the lower level is already moved from the lower level at this time.
  • the device (1) comprises a frame (20) and a lifting frame (30).
  • the framework (20) comprises an upper level (21) and a lower level (22) parallel to the upper level, the levels being interconnected by four frame struts (23), such that the frame struts (23) each extend through the Corners of the planes (21, 22) run or attached to these.
  • the frame struts (23) extend vertically beyond the upper level (21) and in the embodiment shown at their upper ends with cross-connections (24) are interconnected. However, such cross connections (24) are not necessarily required in other embodiments, but generally increase the stability of the frame (20).
  • the frame struts (23) each comprise two guide means (25) which are fixed above the planes to the latter, wherein the guide means (25) are arranged at each frame strut at the respective same heights.
  • the guide means (25) are further attached to the frame struts such that two guide means are aligned with each other along one edge of a plane (21, 22).
  • the device comprises four lifting struts (31), which are connected to each other at their upper ends with transverse struts (32). Opposite corners of the square formed by the four transverse struts (32) are interconnected by further struts (33), the intersection of which is connected to a lifting mechanism (34).
  • a lifting mechanism for lifting or lowering the lifting struts (31) and the device (1) is used.
  • each Hubstrebe (31) assign a separate lifting mechanism - of course, the individual Hubstreben (31) are then no longer rigidly connected.
  • the upper and lower levels (21, 22) each have a plurality of openings (21a, 22a) extending in the embodiment shown through the entire height of the planes.
  • the openings extend at an angle of 90 ° from the edge of the planes to their central axis.
  • Each of the four lifting struts (31) comprises a first position associated with the upper level (21) and a second position associated with the lower level (22) Carrier (35, 36).
  • the device thus comprises four lower (36) and four upper drivers (35), which are each attached at the same height to the Hubtreben (31) (and thus span a plane, not shown).
  • the drivers are, with respect to an edge of a plane, arranged at an angle of 90 ° C to this edge and protrude into the device, with two drivers facing each other.
  • the drivers (35, 36) move into openings (21a, 22a) in the upper and lower levels (21, 22). 22) are formed. Due to the mutual alignment of the openings (21a, 22a) and the drivers (35, 36), these can be moved completely into or through the plane.
  • the guide means (25) also act as holding means, ie they limit the relative movement of the lifting struts (31) to the frame (20).
  • the driver In the FIG. 1 shown configuration of the openings and the driver is just one of many.
  • the drivers can also be aligned to the center of the respective level.
  • FIGS. 2a-2e describes individual steps of an embodiment of the method according to the invention for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace, in which the workpiece is inserted into the heat treatment furnace.
  • the in the FIGS. 2a-2e The device shown differs slightly from the device according to FIG. 1 from.
  • an oil bath (quenching device) (40) (only schematically indicated) with spacer means (41, 61) arranged at the bottom.
  • an elevator (60) is indicated, with which workpieces are lifted after deterrence from the quenching device.
  • the device (1) comprises four frame struts (23) and four lifting struts (31), which are connected to one another via transverse struts (32).
  • the transverse struts (32) are in turn connected to the lifting mechanism (34).
  • the individual frame struts (23) each comprise three guide means (25a, 25b, 25c), of which only the guide means (25b) act as holding means and limit the relative movement of the lifting struts (31) to the frame struts (23).
  • At each of the lifting rods (31) has two drivers (35, 36) are arranged.
  • the device (1) via the lifting struts (31) is raised to a first position in which a first workpiece (50) from a (not shown) rotary hearth furnace on the lower driver (36) is moved ( FIG. 2a ). In this position, the lower drivers (36) are approximately at the level of the heat treatment furnace.
  • the first workpiece (50) can for example be set down on the upper drivers (35) by means of a lifting / lowering manipulator (not shown).
  • a lifting / lowering manipulator (not shown).
  • the lifting / lowering manipulator moves with corresponding lifting means under the first workpiece in the rotary hearth furnace, raises this, moves the first workpiece from the rotary hearth furnace and sets it up the drivers (35) from.
  • the device via the lifting struts (31) is lowered so far into a second position, that of the lower, the lower driver (36) and the lower level (22) comprehensive section of the device in the quenching device or moves the oil bath (40) and the lower level (22) on the spacer means (41) is turned off ( FIG. 2b ).
  • the lifting struts (31) are then continuously in a third position ( Figure 2c ), wherein the drivers (35, 36) are moved through the openings (21a, 22a) (not shown) in the planes (21, 22), and wherein the first workpiece (50) extends from the lower drivers (36) the lower level (22) is turned off.
  • the device is raised above the lifting struts (31) such that the drivers (35, 36) lift the workpieces (50, 51) from the respective planes (21, 22) ( Figure 2d ).
  • the second workpiece (51) is under attacked by a (not shown) lifting / lowering manipulator and moved into the rotary hearth furnace.
  • the device is lowered via the lifting struts (31) in such a way that the drivers (35, 36) move through the planes (21, 22) and thereby the first workpiece (50) of the lower drivers (36) on the lower level (22) is turned off ( FIG. 2e ).
  • the first workpiece (50) is pushed by a pusher (not shown) onto a lower level (62) of the elevator (60) which is located next to the actual device (1) in the oil bath (40) , With the elevator, the second workpiece (51) is lifted from the oil bath (40) and then fed for further processing.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace and to a corresponding method. Heat treatment furnaces are normally loaded and unloaded by means of a so-called elevator. During unloading, a removed workpiece is usually lowered by means of the elevator into an oil bath, in which it is then removed from the elevator. Oil is then transferred into the furnace chamber via the oil-covered elevator. Such an application of oil is avoided by means of a device comprising a frame rack having a first and a second level, which are disposed parallel above each other, and are connected to each other by means of a plurality of frame braces, wherein the first and the second levels have a plurality of openings and the frame braces have guide means. The device further comprises a plurality of lifting braces that are connected by a lifting mechanism and are supported vertically movably in the guide means, wherein each lifting brace has carriers at a first and a second position, wherein the carriers are aligned on the lifting braces such that they can be moved in the associated levels in or through the openings upon a vertical movement of the lifting braces. The device further comprises a retaining means disposed on a frame brace, which limits the vertical movement of the corresponding lifting brace.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Be- und Entladen eines Wärmebehandlungsofens, insbesondere eines Drehherdofens, sowie ein entsprechendes Verfahren.The present invention relates to a device for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace, in particular a rotary hearth furnace, and a corresponding method.

Ein Drehherdofen mit einer Einrichtung zum Be- und Entladen eines Wärmebehandlungsofens ist beispielsweise aus der DE 199 19 738 A1 bekannt, wobei dem Drehherdofen eine Einrichtung zum Abschrecken von Werkstücken zugeordnet ist, in welcher zu behandelnde Werkstücke mit einem gekühlten Gas abgeschreckt werden. Aus der DE 30 04 175 A1 ist ferner eine Einrichtung zum Transportieren von glühendem Koks aus einer Ofenkammer zu einer stationären Löschstation bekannt.A rotary hearth furnace with a device for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace is for example from DE 199 19 738 A1 known, wherein the rotary hearth furnace is associated with a device for quenching workpieces, be quenched in which workpieces to be treated with a cooled gas. From the DE 30 04 175 A1 Further, a device for transporting glowing coke from a furnace chamber to a stationary extinguishing station is known.

Alternativ werden Drehherdöfen gemäß dem Stand der Technik über einen sogenannten Elevator be- und entladen. Zum Beladen wird zunächst ein Werkstück auf die Stell-Gleitfläche des Elevators bewegt, und zwar standardmäßig mit einer geeigneten Stoßvorrichtung. Nachfolgend wird das Werkstück über eine Öffnung in der Außenwand des Drehherdofens in diesen geschoben, und zwar ebenfalls mit einer Stoßvorrichtung. Je nach Konstruktion des Drehherdofens sowie des Elevators und weiterer zur Be- und Entladung dienenden Einrichtungen kann dazu dieselbe oder eine andere Stoßvorrichtung verwendet werden. Zum Entladen wird ein Werkstück nach der Wärmebehandlung im Drehherdofen mit einer Stoßvorrichtung, die außerhalb der Innenwand des Drehherdofens angeordnet ist, aus dem Ofen und auf die Stell-Gleitfläche des Elevators geschoben. Anschließend wird die Stell-Gleitfläche mit samt dem aufliegenden Werkstück zum Abschrecken des Werkstücks in ein Ölbad gesenkt. In dieser unteren Stellung des Elevators wird das Werkstück mit einer weiteren Stoßvorrichtung von der Stell-Gleitfläche gestoßen. Die Stell-Gleitfläche des Elevators wird aus dem Ölbad in die Stellung zum Beladen gehoben und ein weiteres Werkstück wird auf die Stell-Gleitfläche geschoben, um anschließend in den Drehherdofen bewegt zu werden. Da die Stell-Gleitfläche des Elevators bei jedem Entladevorgang in das Ölbad eingetaucht wird, ist diese ständig mit Öl benetzt, welches beim Schieben von Werkstücken von der Stell-Gleitfläche mit diesen in den Drehherdofen gelangt. Aufgrund der dort herrschenden Temperaturen verdampft bzw. verbrennt das mit den Werkstücken eingeschleppte Öl und verunreinigt die Atmosphäre in dem Drehherdofen. Um eine gleichbleibend hohe Qualität bei der Wärmebehandlung zu erreichen, ist eine solche Verunreinigung der Atmosphäre unbedingt zu vermeiden.Alternatively, rotary hearth furnaces according to the prior art are loaded and unloaded via a so-called elevator. For loading, a workpiece is first moved onto the actuating sliding surface of the elevator, and by default with a suitable impact device. Subsequently, the workpiece is slid over an opening in the outer wall of the rotary hearth furnace in this, also with a pusher. Depending on the construction of the rotary hearth furnace as well as the elevator and other devices serving for loading and unloading, the same or a different impact device can be used for this purpose. For unloading a workpiece after the heat treatment in the rotary hearth furnace with a pusher, which is located outside the inner wall of the rotary hearth furnace, pushed out of the oven and on the actuating sliding surface of the elevator. Subsequently, the adjusting sliding surface is lowered together with the resting workpiece for quenching the workpiece in an oil bath. In this lower position of the elevator, the workpiece is pushed by a further impact device from the adjusting sliding surface. The adjusting sliding surface of the elevator is lifted from the oil bath to the position for loading and another workpiece is pushed onto the adjusting sliding surface, in order subsequently in the Rotary hearth furnace to be moved. Since the actuating sliding surface of the elevator is immersed in the oil bath at each discharge, it is constantly wetted with oil, which passes when pushing workpieces from the control sliding surface with these in the rotary hearth furnace. Due to the prevailing temperatures evaporated or burned entrained with the workpieces oil and contaminates the atmosphere in the rotary hearth furnace. In order to achieve a consistently high quality during the heat treatment, it is absolutely necessary to avoid such contamination of the atmosphere.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung bzw. ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit welcher bzw. welchem der Öleintrag in einen Wärmebehandlungsofen bei dessen Beladung vermieden werden kann.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device or a method with which or which of the oil entry into a heat treatment furnace during its loading can be avoided.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.This object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Be- und Entladen eines Wärmebehandlungsofens, insbesondere eines Drehherdofens, umfasst ein Rahmengestell mit einer ersten oberen und einer zweiten unteren Ebene, die parallel übereinander angeordneten sind und über eine Mehrzahl von Rahmenstreben miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die erste und die zweite Ebene jeweils eine Mehrzahl von Öffnungen aufweisen und wobei die Rahmenstreben eine Mehrzahl von Führungsmitteln aufweisen.The inventive apparatus for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace, in particular a rotary hearth furnace, comprising a frame having a first upper and a second lower level, which are arranged parallel to each other and connected to each other via a plurality of frame struts, wherein the first and the second level each having a plurality of openings and wherein the frame struts have a plurality of guide means.

Die Vorrichtung umfasst ferner eine Mehrzahl von mit einem Hebemechanismus verbundenen Hubstreben, die vertikal bewegbar in den Führungsmitteln der Rahmenstreben gelagert sind und sich vertikal über die obere Ebene hinweg erstrecken, wobei jede Hubstrebe bei einer ersten, der ersten Ebene zugeordneten Position und bei einer zweiten, der zweiten Ebene zugeordneten Position einen Mitnehmer aufweist. Die Mitnehmer sind derart an den Hubstreben ausgerichtet, dass sie bei einer Vertikalbewegung der Hubstreben in bzw. durch die Öffnungen in den zugeordneten Ebenen bewegbar sind. Die Vorrichtung umfasst ferner noch zumindest ein an einer Rahmenstrebe angeordnetes Haltemittel, welches die Vertikalbewegung der entsprechenden Hubstrebe begrenzt.The apparatus further comprises a plurality of lift struts connected to a lift mechanism vertically movably supported in the guide bars of the frame struts and extending vertically above the upper level, each lift strut being at a first position associated with the first level and a second The second level assigned position has a driver. The drivers are so aligned with the lifting struts that they are movable in a vertical movement of the lifting struts in or through the openings in the associated planes. The device further comprises at least one holding means arranged on a frame strut, which limits the vertical movement of the corresponding lifting strut.

Die Erfindung basiert auf der Idee eine."doppelstöckige" Vorrichtung zum Be- und Entladen eines Wärmebehandlungsofens zu verwenden, wobei diese Vorrichtung neben einem Rahmengestell, welches die erste und zweite Ebene umfasst, einen weiteren von den Hubstreben gebildeten Hubrahmen umfasst, und wobei die Hubstreben eine Mehrzahl von Mitnehmern aufweisen. Die Mitnehmern und die Ebenen bilden dabei eine Ablagefläche, die je nach Stellung der Hubstreben in dem Rahmengestell einmal derart gestaltet ist, dass Werkstücke lediglich auf der Ebene aufliegen bzw. auf diese aufgeschoben oder von dieser gestoßen werden können, zum anderen aber auch lediglich die Mitnehmer die Ablagefläche für die Werkstücke bilden, wobei es dann möglich ist, dass die Werkstücke von einem Hebe/Senk-Manipulator untergriffen werden und so in bzw. aus dem Drehherdofen transportiert werden können.The invention is based on the idea of using a "double-deck" device for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace, which device comprises, in addition to a frame comprising the first and second planes, another lifting frame formed by the lifting rods, and the lifting rods have a plurality of carriers. The drivers and the levels thereby form a shelf, which is designed once depending on the position of the lifting struts in the frame so that workpieces rest only on the plane or pushed or pushed by this, on the other hand, only the driver form the shelf for the workpieces, it is then possible that the workpieces are attacked by a lifting / lowering manipulator and can be transported in or out of the rotary hearth furnace.

Zum Be- und Entladen des Wärmebehandlungsofens werden unterschiedliche Ebenen bzw. Ablageflächen verwendet. Während die obere Ebene bzw. Fläche stets zum Beladen des Drehherdofens verwendet wird, wird die untere Ebene stets zum Entladen verwendet. Somit wird vermieden, dass beim Beladen des Dreherdofens Öl in diesen eingetragen wird.For loading and unloading the heat treatment furnace different levels or shelves are used. While the upper level or surface is always used to load the rotary hearth furnace, the lower level is always used for unloading. This avoids that when loading the rotary kiln oil is entered in this.

Durch die Verwendung der Mitnehmer, die an den Hubstreben angeordnet sind, ist es ferner möglich, die Werkstücke zum Be- und Entladen nicht zu stoßen, sondern diese mit einem Hebe/Senkmanipular in bzw. aus dem Drehherdofen zu bewegen. Dazu greift der Manipulator unter die Werkstücke und hebt sie für die entsprechende Manipulation geringfügig an. Ein solches Untergreifen der Werkstücke ist nur dann möglich, wenn diese durch die Mitnehmer von den Ebenen gehoben werden, so dass ein Freiraum für entsprechende Hebemittel des Manipulators geschaffen wird. Eine derartiges Be- und Entladen ist ausgesprochen vorteilhaft, da auf sogenannte Schienensteine in dem Drehherdofen verzichtet werden kann, auf denen die Werkstücke bei üblichen Be- und Entladevorrichtungen in bzw, aus dem Drehherdofen geschoben werden. Diese Schienensteine sind nur ausgesprochen schwierig mit gleichbleibender Qualität herstellbar und müssen innerhalb relativ kurzer Zeitintervalle kosten- und zeitintensiv ausgetauscht werden.By using the drivers, which are arranged on the lifting struts, it is also possible not to push the workpieces for loading and unloading, but to move them with a lifting / Senkmanipular in or out of the rotary hearth furnace. For this purpose, the manipulator engages under the workpieces and raises them slightly for the appropriate manipulation. Such a gripping under the workpieces is only possible if they are lifted by the drivers of the planes, so that a free space for corresponding lifting means of the manipulator is created. Such loading and unloading is extremely advantageous because it is possible to dispense with so-called rail stones in the rotary hearth furnace on which the workpieces are pushed in or out of the rotary hearth furnace in conventional loading and unloading. These rail stones are extremely difficult to produce with consistent quality and must be exchanged in a relatively short time intervals costly and time-consuming.

Das Rahmengestell der Vorrichtung ist so gestaltet, dass Werkstücke ohne Probleme auf bzw. von den entsprechenden Ebenen bzw. Mitnehmern bewegt werden können. Der Begriff "Werkstück" umfasst bei dieser Anmeldung sowohl einzelne Werkstücke, die ohne Roste oder dergleichen bewegt werden, als auch mehrere Werkstücke auf sogenannten Rosten, wobei die Werkstücke dann stets zusammen mit den Rosten bewegt werden.The frame of the device is designed so that workpieces can be moved without problems on or from the corresponding levels or drivers. The term "workpiece" in this application includes both individual workpieces that are moved without grates or the like, as well as multiple workpieces on so-called grates, the workpieces are then always moved together with the grates.

Je nach Anwendungszweck kann das Rahmengestell drei oder mehr Rahmenstreben aufweisen, über die die beiden Ebenen miteinander verbunden sind. Es ist auch möglich, zwei Rahmenstreben in gewissen Abschnitten über eine Wandung miteinander zu verbinden, sollte dies - beispielsweise aus Stabilitätsgründen oder zur Wärmestrahlungsdämmung - notwendig sein.Depending on the application, the frame can have three or more frame struts over which the two levels are interconnected. It is also possible to connect two frame struts in certain sections via a wall, should this - for stability reasons or for thermal radiation insulation - be necessary.

Die Rahmenstreben weisen eine Mehrzahl von Führungsmitteln auf, in denen die Hubstreben geführt sind. Wie viele Führungsmittel pro Rahmenstrebe verwendet werden, ist primär abhängig von der Größe der Vorrichtung und dem Gewicht der zu bewegenden Werkstücke.The frame struts have a plurality of guide means, in which the lifting struts are guided. How many guide means are used per frame strut is primarily dependent on the size of the device and the weight of the workpieces to be moved.

In den Führungsmitteln sind vertikal bewegbar Hubstreben gelagert, die mit einem Hebemechanismus verbunden sind. Dabei können sämtliche Hebenstreben mit einem separaten Hebemechanismus verbunden sein, oder mehrere Hebestreben sind miteinander gekoppelt und mit dem gleichen Hebemechanismus verbunden. Beispielsweise können je zwei Streben mit einem Hebemechanismus verbunden sein, so dass es möglich ist, die Hubstreben unterschiedlichen stark zu heben bzw. senken. Die Hubstreben bilden einen "Hubrahmen", der gegen das Rahmengestell verschiebbar ist. Dabei können die Hubstreben derart ausgebildet sein, dass sie "innerhalb" des Rahmengestells angeordnet sind, wobei in diesem Fall die Ebenen weitere Öffnungen bzw. angepasste Öffnungen aufweisen, da die Hubstreben in einem solchen Fall zumindest teilweise durch die Ebenen geführt sind. Die Hubstreben können jedoch durch die Führungsmittel auch "außerhalb" des Rahmengestells geführt sein. In einem solchen Fall bewegen sich die Hubstreben außerhalb des Rahmengestells, die Mitnehmer jedoch bewegen sich in bzw. durch die Ebenen. Die Öffnungen in den Ebenen sind dabei stets so gestaltet, dass diese entweder die Mitnehmer aufnehmen können oder dass sich die Mitnehmer durch diese hindurch bewegen können. In einem solchen Fall erstrecken sich die Öffnungen natürlich durch die vollständige Höhe der Ebenen.In the guide means are mounted vertically movable lifting struts, which are connected to a lifting mechanism. In this case, all lifting struts can be connected to a separate lifting mechanism, or several lifting struts are coupled together and connected to the same lifting mechanism. For example, two struts each may be connected to a lifting mechanism, so that it is possible to raise or lower the lifting struts differently. The lifting struts form a "lifting frame", which is displaceable against the frame. In this case, the lifting struts can be designed such that they are arranged "within" the frame, in which case the planes have further openings or adapted openings, since the lifting struts are guided in such a case at least partially through the planes. However, the lifting rods can be performed by the guide means "outside" of the frame. In such a case, the Hubstreben move outside of the frame, the But drivers move in or through the planes. The openings in the planes are always designed so that they can either take the driver or that the drivers can move through them. In such a case, of course, the openings extend through the full height of the planes.

Ob sich die Mitnehmer bei entsprechenden Vertikalbewegungen durch oder lediglich in die Ebenen bewegen ist abhängig von der Konstruktion der Vorrichtung. Diese kann so ausgebildet sein, dass sich die Mitnehmer lediglich in die Ebenen bewegen. In einem solchen Fall ist dafür zu sorgen, dass die Oberseite der Mitnehmer im Wesentlichen bündig mit der Oberfläche der Ebenen abschließt, damit ggf. Werkstücke auf oder von den Ebenen geschoben werden können.Whether the drivers move through corresponding vertical motions or only in the planes depends on the construction of the device. This can be designed so that the drivers move only in the planes. In such a case, make sure that the top of the driver is substantially flush with the surface of the planes, so if necessary, workpieces can be pushed onto or from the planes.

An zumindest einer Rahmenstrebe ist ein Haltemittel angeordnet, welches die Vertikalbewegung der entsprechenden Hubstrebe begrenzt. Wird lediglich ein Haltemittel verwendet, sind alle Hubstreben miteinander verbunden, so dass das Haltemittel die Vertikalbewegung sämtlicher Hubstreben begrenzt. Sind die Hubstreben nicht alle miteinander verbunden, müssen entsprechend mehr Haltemittel vorgesehen werden.At least one frame strut a holding means is arranged, which limits the vertical movement of the corresponding lifting strut. If only one holding means is used, all lifting struts are connected to each other, so that the holding means limits the vertical movement of all lifting struts. If the lifting struts are not all connected to one another, correspondingly more holding means must be provided.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann an beliebige Arten von Wärmebehandlungsöfen angepasst werden. Insbesondere ist sie für Drehherdöfen geeignet, da bei diesen üblicherweise eine Öffnung in dem Drehherdofen sowohl für die Be- als auch die Entladung verwendet wird.The device according to the invention can be adapted to any type of heat treatment furnaces. In particular, it is suitable for rotary hearth furnaces, as these usually use an opening in the rotary hearth furnace for both loading and unloading.

Bei einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind auf der Oberseite zumindest einer der Ebenen Gleitschienen angeordnet. Diese vereinfachen die Bewegung der Werkstücke auf bzw. von den Ebenen, so dass entsprechend kleinere Stoßvorrichtungen verwendet werden können. Die Verwendung der Gleitschienen hat ferner den Vorteil, dass beim Auftreten von Verschleißerscheinungen lediglich die Gleitschienen erneuert werden müssen, die Ebene selber jedoch nicht ausgetauscht werden muss.In a preferred development of the device according to the invention, slide rails are arranged on the upper side of at least one of the planes. These simplify the movement of the workpieces on or from the planes, so that correspondingly smaller impact devices can be used. The use of the slide rails also has the advantage that when the occurrence of wear only the slides must be renewed, the level itself, however, does not need to be replaced.

Beim Eintauchen der unteren Ebene in das Öl des Abschreckbades fließt das Öl an den Rändern der Ebene vorbei. Um dasAs the lower level plunges into the quench bath oil, the oil flows past the edges of the plane. To that

Eintauchen der Ebene in das Öl zu vereinfachen, weist die untere Ebene eine Mehrzahl von zusätzlichen Öffnungen auf, durch die das Öl beim Eintauchen der unteren Ebene in das Öl hindurchtreten kann. Auf diese Weise kann man zum einen das Abschreckbad kleiner gestalten, da man nicht mehr auf ein Vorbeifließen des Öls angewiesen ist, zum anderen kann man das Eintauchen in das Öl beschleunigen, da zusätzliche Durchtrittsöffnungen für das Öl bereitgestellt sind.To simplify immersion of the plane in the oil, the lower level has a plurality of additional openings through which the oil can pass into the oil upon immersion of the lower level. In this way you can on the one hand make the Abschreckbad smaller because you no longer rely on a Vorbeiflässe the oil, on the other hand you can accelerate the immersion in the oil, as additional openings are provided for the oil.

Um die Vertikalbewegung der Hubstreben gegenüber dem Rahmengestell zu begrenzen ist zumindest ein Haltemittel an einer der Rahmenstreben angeordnet. Bei einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist eines der Führungsmittel als Haltemittel ausgebildet. Auf diese Weise braucht kein gesondertes Haltemittel bereitgestellt zu werden, was den Aufbau der Vorrichtung insgesamt vereinfacht.In order to limit the vertical movement of the lifting struts relative to the frame, at least one holding means is arranged on one of the frame struts. In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention one of the guide means is designed as a holding means. In this way, no separate holding means needs to be provided, which simplifies the structure of the device as a whole.

Die Aufgabe wird ferner durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 6 gelöst.The object is further achieved by a method according to the invention with the features of patent claim 6.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird die Vorrichtung zunächst in einem Schritt a) über die Hubstreben in eine erste Stellung gehoben. Bei dieser Bewegung in die erste Stellung begrenzt das zumindest eine Haltemittel die Vertikalbewegung der Hubstreben gegenüber dem Rahmengestell. Die gesamte Vorrichtung wird also lediglich über die Hubstreben angehoben, das Rahmengestell ist nicht direkt mit einem Hebemechanismus verbunden. In dieser ersten Stellung befinden sich die unteren Mitnehmer oberhalb der unteren Ebene, und ein erstes Werkstück wird aus dem Wärmebehandlungsofen auf die unteren Mitnehmer bewegt. Beispielsweise kann das Werkstück von außen gegriffen werden und auf den Mitnehmern abgestellt werden. Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Bewegung aus dem Wärmebehandlungsofen auf die Mitnehmer ist weiter unten dargelegt.In the method according to the invention, the device is first lifted in a step a) via the lifting struts in a first position. During this movement into the first position, the at least one retaining means limits the vertical movement of the lifting struts relative to the frame. The entire device is thus raised only on the lifting struts, the frame is not directly connected to a lifting mechanism. In this first position, the lower drivers are above the lower level, and a first workpiece is moved from the heat treatment furnace to the lower drivers. For example, the workpiece can be gripped from the outside and parked on the drivers. Another way of moving from the heat treatment furnace to the drivers is set forth below.

Nachdem das erste Werkstück auf den unteren Mitnehmern abgestellt ist, wird die Vorrichtung in einem Schritt b) über die Hubstreben so weit in eine zweite Stellung abgesenkt, das der untere, die unteren Mitnehmer sowie die untere Ebene umfassende Abschnitt der Vorrichtung in die Abschreckeinrichtung bewegt und die untere Ebene in der Abschreckeinrichtung abgestellt wird, wobei die Mitnehmer jedoch oberhalb der jeweiligen Ebene verbleiben. Da die Mitnehmer oberhalb der Ebenen verbleiben, liegt das Werkstück in dieser Stellung noch immer auf den Mitnehmern auf.After the first workpiece is placed on the lower drivers, the device is lowered in a step b) on the lifting struts so far into a second position, which moves the lower, the lower driver and the lower level portion of the device in the quenching and the lower level is turned off in the quenching device is, but the drivers remain above the respective level. Since the drivers remain above the levels, the workpiece still rests on the carriers in this position.

In einem Schritt c) wird dann ein zweites Werkstück auf eine obere Ablagefläche, gebildet aus der oberen Ebene oder den oberen Mitnehmern, bewegt. Dies kann beispielsweise derart erfolgen, dass ein Manipulator ein Werkstück bei einem Lager- oder Vorbereitungsplatz seitlich angreift und auf den oberen Mitnehmern absetzt. Eine detaillierte Beschreibung dieses Vorgangs folgt weiter unten.In a step c), a second workpiece is then moved onto an upper depositing surface formed by the upper plane or the upper drivers. This can be done, for example, such that a manipulator attacks a workpiece at a storage or preparation site laterally and settles on the upper drivers. A detailed description of this process follows below.

Nachfolgend wird das zweite Werkstück (Schritt d)) von der oberen Ablagefläche in den Wärmebehandlungsofen bewegt. Dies kann beispielsweise wieder derart erfolgen, dass ein Manipulator das Werkstück seitlich angreift und in den Wärmebehandlungsofen hebt.Subsequently, the second workpiece (step d)) is moved from the upper deposition surface into the heat treatment furnace. This can again be done, for example, such that a manipulator attacks the workpiece laterally and lifts it into the heat treatment furnace.

Nachdem das zweite Werkstück von der oberen Ablagefläche in den Wärmebehandlungsofen bewegt wurde, werden bei Schritt e) die Hubstreben derart weiter in eine dritte Stellung abgesenkt, dass sich die Mitnehmer in die Ebenen bewegen und dabei das erste Werkstück von den unteren Mitnehmern auf der unteren Ebene abgestellt wird.After the second workpiece has been moved from the upper shelf to the heat treatment oven, at step e) the lift rods are further lowered to a third position such that the drivers move into the planes, thereby moving the first workpiece from the lower drivers on the lower level is turned off.

Für den Fall, das die Vorrichtung derart konstruiert ist, dass sich die Mitnehmer durch die Öffnungen in den Ebenen bewegen und nicht lediglich in diese, sind in der Abschreckeinrichtung Abstandmittel angeordnet, auf denen die untere Ebene zu diesem Zeitpunkt aufliegt, wodurch unterhalb der Ebene ein Freiraum gebildet ist, in den sich die Mitnehmer an den Hubstreben bewegen können.In the event that the device is constructed so that the drivers move through the openings in the planes and not just in this, are disposed in the quenching distance means on which the lower plane rests at this time, thereby forming below the plane Free space is formed, in which the drivers can move on the lifting struts.

Anschließend wird das erste Werkstück bei Schritt f) mit einer geeigneten Vorrichtung von der unteren Ebene entfernt.Subsequently, the first workpiece is removed from the lower level at step f) with a suitable device.

Vorzugweise wird das Werkstück bei Schritt a) in dem Wärmebehandlungsofen von einem Hebe/Senk-Manipulator untergriffen und auf den unteren Mitnehmern abgestellt.Preferably, the workpiece is engaged in step a) in the heat treatment furnace by a lifting / lowering manipulator and placed on the lower drivers.

Das Werkstück kann bei Schritt c) beispielsweise seitlich von einem Manipulator gegriffen werden und auf den oberen Mitnehmern abgestellt werden. Es ist jedoch bevorzugt, dass das Werkstück bei Schritt c) mit einem Hebe/Senk-Manipulator auf den oberen Mitnehmern absetzt, wobei der Manipulator das Werkstück bei dem Transport zu den Mitnehmern untergreift. Ein derartiger Transport des Werkstücks gestaltet sich deutlich einfacher und sicherer - es müssen keine speziellen Haltemittel an den Werkstücken vorhanden sein, die ein seitliches Greifen dieser ermöglichen. Darüber hinaus muss der Manipulator keine Greiffunktionalität aufweisen, sondern lediglich Hebemittel, die das Werkstück bei dem eigentlichen Transport untergreifen.The workpiece can be grasped laterally by a manipulator in step c) and parked on the upper drivers. However, it is preferred that the Workpiece at step c) settles on the upper drivers with a lifting / lowering manipulator, wherein the manipulator engages under the workpiece during transport to the drivers. Such transport of the workpiece is much easier and safer - there must be no special holding means on the workpieces, which allow lateral gripping this. In addition, the manipulator must have no gripping functionality, but only lifting means, which engage under the workpiece during the actual transport.

Bei einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird das Werkstück bei Schritt d) von einem Hebe/Senk-Manipulator untergriffen und in den Wärmebehandlungsofen gehoben. Die Vorteile gegenüber einem seitlichen Angriff eines Manipulators sind die oben dargelegten.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the workpiece is engaged in step d) by a lifting / lowering manipulator and lifted into the heat treatment furnace. The advantages over a lateral attack of a manipulator are those set out above.

Das Werkstück wird in Schritt f) von der unteren Ebene vorzugsweise mit einer Stoß- oder Zugeinrichtung entfernt, da diese konstruktiv einfach sind, was insbesondere innerhalb d wichtig ist.The workpiece is removed in step f) from the lower level, preferably with a push or pull device, since these are structurally simple, which is particularly important within d.

Gemäß dem oben beschriebenen Verfahren wird die Vorrichtung bei Schritt b) derart abgesenkt, dass die Mitnehmer noch oberhalb der jeweiligen Ebene verbleiben und dann das zweite Werkstück auf die obere Ablagefläche, in diesem Falle gebildet von den oberen Mitnehmern, bewegt wird. Da die Mitnehmer zum Zeitpunkt des Beladens der Vorrichtung mit dem zweiten Werkstück oberhalb der Ebene angeordnet sind, kann das zweite Werkstück nur von oben, beispielsweise mit einem Hebe/Senk-Manipulator, auf den oberen Mitnehmern abgesetzt werden.According to the method described above, the device is lowered in step b) such that the drivers remain above the respective level and then the second workpiece on the upper shelf, in this case formed by the upper drivers, is moved. Since the drivers are arranged at the time of loading the device with the second workpiece above the plane, the second workpiece can only be placed on the upper drivers from above, for example with a lifting / lowering manipulator.

Bei einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden die Hubstreben daher nach Schritt b) derart weiter abgesenkt, dass die Mitnehmer in die Öffnungen in den Ebenen bewegt werden, wobei das erste Werkstück von den unteren Mitnehmern auf der unteren Ebene abgestellt wird. Bei Schritt c) wird dann ein zweites Werkstück mit einer Stoß- oder Zugeinrichtung auf die obere Ablagefläche, aufgrund des weiteren Absenkens der Vorrichtung gebildet von der oberen Ebene, bewegt und anschließend wird die Vorrichtung über die Hubstreben derart angehoben, dass die Mitnehmer die Werkstücke von den jeweiligen Ebenen anheben.In a preferred development of the method according to the invention, the lifting struts are therefore further lowered after step b) in such a way that the drivers are moved into the openings in the planes, the first workpiece being parked by the lower drivers on the lower level. In step c) then a second workpiece with a shock or pulling device on the upper shelf surface, due to the further lowering of the device is formed from the upper level, moves and then the device on the Lifting struts raised so that the drivers lift the workpieces from the respective levels.

Zwar umfasst diese Weiterbildung einen weiteren Verfahrenschritt, jedoch ermöglicht es dieser Schritt, dass Werkstücke auf die obere Ablagefläche, in diesem Falle durch die obere Ebene gebildet, geschoben oder gezogen werden können. Das Einschieben/Einziehen der Werkstücke in den Wärmebehandlungsofen ist aufgrund der oben genannten Nachteile zwar unerwünscht, das Schieben/Ziehen der Werkstücke außerhalb des Wärmebehandlungsofens ist jedoch aufgrund der sehr unterschiedlichen Bedingungen und Gegebenheiten unproblematisch. Eine zum Schieben bzw. Stoßen der Werkstücke auf die obere Ebene verwendbare Stoß- bzw. Zugeinrichtung ist konstruktiv einfacher und preisgünstiger.Although this development comprises a further process step, this step makes it possible for workpieces to be pushed or pulled onto the upper support surface, in this case through the upper plane. The insertion / retraction of the workpieces in the heat treatment furnace is undesirable because of the above-mentioned disadvantages, but the pushing / pulling of the workpieces outside the heat treatment furnace is unproblematic due to the very different conditions and circumstances. A push or pull device which can be used for pushing or pushing the workpieces onto the upper level is structurally simpler and less expensive.

Sollte lediglich eine sehr geringe Abschreckzeit notwendig sein, so kann bei einer derartigen Führung des Verfahrens der Schritt f) bereits zu diesem Zeitpunkt ausgeführt werden, d.h. ein Werkstück auf der unteren Ebene wird bereits zu diesem Zeitpunkt von der unteren Ebene bewegt.Should only a very small quenching time be necessary, then, with such a guidance of the method, step f) can already be carried out at this time, i. a workpiece on the lower level is already moved from the lower level at this time.

Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sowie ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anhand der Zeichnung nähert erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, und
  • Figuren 2a - 2e Darstellungen einzelner Verfahrensschritte eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
  • Figur 1 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung. Die dargestellte Vorrichtung dient zum Be- und Entladen eines (nicht dargestellten) Drehherdofens.
In the following, an embodiment of the device according to the invention and an embodiment of the method according to the invention will be explained with reference to the drawing. In the drawing shows:
  • FIG. 1 a schematic view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention, and
  • FIGS. 2a-2e Representations of individual process steps of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention. The device shown is used for loading and unloading a (not shown) rotary hearth furnace.

Die Vorrichtung (1) umfasst ein Rahmengestell (20) sowie einen Hubrahmen (30). Das Rahmengestell (20) umfasst eine obere Ebene (21) und eine zur oberen Ebene parallele untere Ebene (22), wobei die Ebenen über vier Rahmenstreben (23) miteinander verbunden sind, und zwar derart, dass die Rahmenstreben (23) jeweils durch die Ecken der Ebenen (21, 22) laufen bzw. an diesen befestigt sind. Die Rahmenstreben (23) erstrecken sich vertikal über die obere Ebene (21) hinweg und sind bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel bei ihren oberen Enden mit Querverbindungen (24) miteinander verbunden. Derartige Querverbindungen (24) sind jedoch bei anderen Ausführungsbeispielen nicht unbedingt erforderlich, erhöhen jedoch allgemein die Stabilität des Rahmengestells (20).The device (1) comprises a frame (20) and a lifting frame (30). The framework (20) comprises an upper level (21) and a lower level (22) parallel to the upper level, the levels being interconnected by four frame struts (23), such that the frame struts (23) each extend through the Corners of the planes (21, 22) run or attached to these. The frame struts (23) extend vertically beyond the upper level (21) and in the embodiment shown at their upper ends with cross-connections (24) are interconnected. However, such cross connections (24) are not necessarily required in other embodiments, but generally increase the stability of the frame (20).

Die Rahmenstreben (23) umfassen jeweils zwei Führungsmittel (25), die oberhalb der Ebenen an diesen befestigt sind, wobei die Führungsmittel (25) bei jeder Rahmenstrebe bei den jeweils gleichen Höhen angeordnet sind. Bei dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Führungsmittel (25) ferner derart an den Rahmenstreben befestigt, dass jeweils zwei Führungsmittel zueinander ausgerichtet sind, und zwar entlang eines Randes einer Ebene (21, 22) .The frame struts (23) each comprise two guide means (25) which are fixed above the planes to the latter, wherein the guide means (25) are arranged at each frame strut at the respective same heights. At the in FIG. 1 In the embodiment shown, the guide means (25) are further attached to the frame struts such that two guide means are aligned with each other along one edge of a plane (21, 22).

In den beiden Führungsmitteln (25) einer Rahmenstrebe (23) ist vertikal bewegbar eine Hubstrebe (31) geführt. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst die Vorrichtung vier Hubstreben (31), die bei ihren oberen Enden mit Querstreben (32) miteinander verbunden sind. Gegenüberliegende Ecken des durch die vier Querstreben (32) gebildeten Vierecks sind durch weitere Streben (33) miteinander verbunden, deren Schnittpunkt mit einem Hebemechanismus (34) verbunden ist. Bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel wird also lediglich ein Hebemechanismus zum Heben bzw. Senken der Hubstreben (31) bzw. der Vorrichtung (1) verwendet. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, beispielsweise jeder Hubstrebe (31) einen separaten Hebemechanismus zuzuweisen - natürlich sind die einzelnen Hubstreben (31) dann nicht mehr starr miteinander verbunden.In the two guide means (25) of a frame strut (23) is vertically movable a lifting strut (31) out. In the present embodiment, the device comprises four lifting struts (31), which are connected to each other at their upper ends with transverse struts (32). Opposite corners of the square formed by the four transverse struts (32) are interconnected by further struts (33), the intersection of which is connected to a lifting mechanism (34). In the present embodiment, therefore, only a lifting mechanism for lifting or lowering the lifting struts (31) and the device (1) is used. However, it is also possible, for example, each Hubstrebe (31) assign a separate lifting mechanism - of course, the individual Hubstreben (31) are then no longer rigidly connected.

Die obere und die untere Ebene (21, 22) weisen jeweils eine Mehrzahl von Öffnungen (21a, 22a) auf, die sich bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel durch die gesamte Höhe der Ebenen erstrecken. Die Öffnungen erstrecken sich in einem Winkel von 90° von dem Rand der Ebenen zu deren Mittelachse.The upper and lower levels (21, 22) each have a plurality of openings (21a, 22a) extending in the embodiment shown through the entire height of the planes. The openings extend at an angle of 90 ° from the edge of the planes to their central axis.

Jede der vier Hubstreben (31) umfasst bei einer ersten, der oberen Ebene (21) zugeordneten Position und bei einer zweiten, der unteren Ebene (22) zugeordneten Position einen Mitnehmer (35, 36). Die Vorrichtung umfasst also vier untere (36) und vier obere Mitnehmer (35), die jeweils bei gleichen Höhen an den Hubtreben (31) befestigt sind (und somit eine nicht gezeigte Ebene aufspannen). Die Mitnehmer sind, bezogen auf einen Rand einer Ebene, in einem Winkel von 90°C zu diesem Rand angeordnet und ragen in die Vorrichtung hinein, wobei sich jeweils zwei Mitnehmer gegenüberliegen. Bei einer Vertikalbewegung der Hubstreben, also einer Relativbewegung der Hubstreben (31) zu dem Rahmengestell (20), bewegen sich die Mitnehmer (35, 36) in Öffnungen (21a, 22a) hinein, die in der oberen und der unteren Ebene (21, 22) ausgebildet sind. Aufgrund der gegenseitigen Ausrichtung der Öffnungen (21a, 22a) und der Mitnehmer (35, 36) können diese vollständig in bzw. durch die Ebene bewegt werden.Each of the four lifting struts (31) comprises a first position associated with the upper level (21) and a second position associated with the lower level (22) Carrier (35, 36). The device thus comprises four lower (36) and four upper drivers (35), which are each attached at the same height to the Hubtreben (31) (and thus span a plane, not shown). The drivers are, with respect to an edge of a plane, arranged at an angle of 90 ° C to this edge and protrude into the device, with two drivers facing each other. In the case of a vertical movement of the lifting struts, ie a relative movement of the lifting struts (31) to the frame (20), the drivers (35, 36) move into openings (21a, 22a) in the upper and lower levels (21, 22). 22) are formed. Due to the mutual alignment of the openings (21a, 22a) and the drivers (35, 36), these can be moved completely into or through the plane.

Bei dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel wirken die Führungsmittel (25) auch als Haltemittel, d.h. sie begrenzen die Relativbewegung der Hubstreben (31) zu dem Rahmengestell (20).At the in FIG. 1 As shown embodiment, the guide means (25) also act as holding means, ie they limit the relative movement of the lifting struts (31) to the frame (20).

Die in Figur 1 gezeigte Konfiguration der Öffnungen und der Mitnehmer ist lediglich eine von vielen. Beispielsweise können die Mitnehmer auch auf das Zentrum der jeweiligen Ebene ausgerichtet sein. Gleiches gilt für die Anordnung der Hubstreben zu den Rahmenstreben. Wesentlich ist, dass stets eine Relativbewegung zwischen den Hubstreben und dem Rahmengestell möglich ist, und dass sich die Mitnehmer bei dieser Relativbewegung in bzw. durch die Ebenen bewegen können.In the FIG. 1 shown configuration of the openings and the driver is just one of many. For example, the drivers can also be aligned to the center of the respective level. The same applies to the arrangement of Hubstreben to the frame struts. It is essential that always a relative movement between the lifting struts and the frame is possible, and that the driver can move in this relative movement in or through the planes.

Bezüglich der Materialwahl der einzelnen Komponenten der Vorrichtung ist lediglich zu beachten, dass diese zum einen die entstehenden Kräfte aufnehmen können, und zum anderen den Temperaturen, die in unmittelbarer Nähe eines Drehherdofens herrschen, standhalten. Ferner sollten bevorzugt solche Materialen verwendet werden, die möglichst lange Wartungszyklen ermöglichen, da die Wartung der Vorrichtung stets einen Produktionsausfall für den Drehherdofen mit sich bringt.With regard to the choice of material of the individual components of the device is only to be noted that on the one hand can absorb the resulting forces, and on the other hand the temperatures that prevail in the immediate vicinity of a rotary hearth furnace, withstand. Furthermore, such materials should preferably be used that allow the longest possible maintenance cycles, since the maintenance of the device always brings a loss of production for the rotary hearth furnace with it.

Im Folgenden werden anhand der Figuren 2a - 2e einzelne Schritte eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Be- und Entladen eines Wärmebehandlungsofens beschrieben, bei welchem das Werkstück in den Wärmebehandlungsofen eingeschoben wird. Die in den Figuren 2a - 2e gezeigte Vorrichtung weicht leicht von der Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 ab.The following are based on the FIGS. 2a-2e describes individual steps of an embodiment of the method according to the invention for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace, in which the workpiece is inserted into the heat treatment furnace. The in the FIGS. 2a-2e The device shown differs slightly from the device according to FIG. 1 from.

Unter der eigentlichen erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung (1) befindet sich ein (lediglich schematisch angedeutetes) Ölbad (Abschreckeinrichtung) (40) mit am Boden angeordneten Abstandmitteln (41, 61). In der Abschreckeinrichtung (40) ist ein Elevator (60) angedeutet, mit welchem Werkstücke nach der Abschreckung aus de Abschreckeinrichtung gehoben werden.Below the actual device (1) according to the invention is an oil bath (quenching device) (40) (only schematically indicated) with spacer means (41, 61) arranged at the bottom. In the quenching device (40), an elevator (60) is indicated, with which workpieces are lifted after deterrence from the quenching device.

Die Vorrichtung (1) umfasst vier Rahmenstreben (23) sowie vier Hubstreben (31), die über Querstreben (32) miteinander verbunden sind. Die Querstreben (32) sind wiederum mit dem Hebemechanismus (34) verbunden. Die einzelnen Rahmenstreben (23) umfassen jeweils drei Führungsmittel (25a, 25b, 25c), von denen lediglich die Führungsmittel (25b) als Haltemittel wirken und die Relativbewegung der Hubstreben (31) zu den Rahmenstreben (23) begrenzen. An jeder der Hubstreben (31) sind zwei Mitnehmer (35, 36) angeordnet.The device (1) comprises four frame struts (23) and four lifting struts (31), which are connected to one another via transverse struts (32). The transverse struts (32) are in turn connected to the lifting mechanism (34). The individual frame struts (23) each comprise three guide means (25a, 25b, 25c), of which only the guide means (25b) act as holding means and limit the relative movement of the lifting struts (31) to the frame struts (23). At each of the lifting rods (31) has two drivers (35, 36) are arranged.

Zunächst wird die die Vorrichtung (1) über die Hubstreben (31) in eine erste Stellung gehoben, in welcher ein erstes Werkstück (50) aus einem (nicht gezeigten) Drehherdofen auf die unteren Mitnehmer (36) bewegt wird (Figur 2a). In dieser Stellung befinden sich die unteren Mitnehmer (36) ungefähr auf dem Niveau des Wärmebehandlungsofens.First, the device (1) via the lifting struts (31) is raised to a first position in which a first workpiece (50) from a (not shown) rotary hearth furnace on the lower driver (36) is moved ( FIG. 2a ). In this position, the lower drivers (36) are approximately at the level of the heat treatment furnace.

Das erste Werkstück (50) kann beispielsweise mit einem (nicht dargestellten) Hebe/Senk-Manipulator auf den oberen Mitnehmern (35) abgesetzt werden. Bei einem solchen Ausführungsbeispiel ist es nicht mehr notwendig, Schienensteine in dem Drehherdofen zu verbauen - der Hebe/Senk-Manipulator fährt mit entsprechenden Hebemitteln unter das erste Werkstück in dem Drehherdofen, hebt dieses an, bewegt das erste Werkstück aus dem Drehherdofen und setzt es auf den Mitnehmern (35) ab.The first workpiece (50) can for example be set down on the upper drivers (35) by means of a lifting / lowering manipulator (not shown). In such an embodiment, it is no longer necessary to obstruct rail stones in the rotary hearth furnace - the lifting / lowering manipulator moves with corresponding lifting means under the first workpiece in the rotary hearth furnace, raises this, moves the first workpiece from the rotary hearth furnace and sets it up the drivers (35) from.

Nachfolgend (Figur 2b) wird die Vorrichtung über die Hubstreben (31) so weit in eine zweite Stellung abgesenkt, das der untere, die unteren Mitnehmer (36) sowie die untere Ebene (22) umfassende Abschnitt der Vorrichtung in die Abschreckeinrichtung bzw. das Ölbad (40) bewegt und die untere Ebene (22) auf den Abstandmitteln (41) abgestellt wird (Figur 2b).Below ( FIG. 2b ), the device via the lifting struts (31) is lowered so far into a second position, that of the lower, the lower driver (36) and the lower level (22) comprehensive section of the device in the quenching device or moves the oil bath (40) and the lower level (22) on the spacer means (41) is turned off ( FIG. 2b ).

Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel werden die Hubstreben (31) dann kontinuierlich weiter in eine dritte Stellung (Figur 2c) abgesenkt, wobei die Mitnehmer (35, 36) durch die (nicht dargestellten) Öffnungen (21a, 22a) in den Ebenen (21, 22) bewegt werden, und wobei das erste Werkstück (50) von den unteren Mitnehmern (36) auf der unteren Ebene (22) abgestellt wird.In the embodiment shown, the lifting struts (31) are then continuously in a third position ( Figure 2c ), wherein the drivers (35, 36) are moved through the openings (21a, 22a) (not shown) in the planes (21, 22), and wherein the first workpiece (50) extends from the lower drivers (36) the lower level (22) is turned off.

Sobald die Vorrichtung diese Position erreicht hat, wird ein weiteres zweites Werkstück (51) mit einer (nicht gezeigten) Stoßeinrichtung auf die obere Ebene (21) geschoben.As soon as the device has reached this position, another second workpiece (51) is pushed onto the upper level (21) with a pusher (not shown).

Anschließend wird die Vorrichtung über die Hubstreben (31) derart angehoben wird, dass die Mitnehmer (35, 36) die Werkstücke (50, 51) von den jeweiligen Ebenen (21, 22) anheben (Figur 2d). Nachfolgend wird das zweite Werkstück (51) von einem (nicht dargestellten) Hebe/Senk-Manipulator untergriffen und in den Drehherdofen bewegt.Subsequently, the device is raised above the lifting struts (31) such that the drivers (35, 36) lift the workpieces (50, 51) from the respective planes (21, 22) ( Figure 2d ). Subsequently, the second workpiece (51) is under attacked by a (not shown) lifting / lowering manipulator and moved into the rotary hearth furnace.

Sobald das zweite Werkstück (51) von den oberen Mitnehmern (35) in den Drehherdofen bewegt wurde, wird die Vorrichtung über die Hubstreben (31) derart abgesenkt, dass sich die Mitnehmer (35, 36) durch die Ebenen (21, 22) bewegen und dabei das erste Werkstück (50) von den unteren Mitnehmern (36) auf der unteren Ebene (22) abgestellt wird (Figur 2e). Von der unteren Ebene (22) wird das erste Werkstück (50) mit einer (nicht dargestellten) Stoßvorrichtung auf eine untere Ebene (62) des Elevators (60) geschoben, der neben der eigentlichen Vorrichtung (1) im Ölbad (40) angeordnet ist. Mit dem Elevator wird das zweite Werkstück (51) aus dem Ölbad (40) gehoben und dann der weiteren Bearbeitung zugeführt.As soon as the second workpiece (51) has been moved by the upper drivers (35) into the rotary hearth furnace, the device is lowered via the lifting struts (31) in such a way that the drivers (35, 36) move through the planes (21, 22) and thereby the first workpiece (50) of the lower drivers (36) on the lower level (22) is turned off ( FIG. 2e ). From the lower level (22), the first workpiece (50) is pushed by a pusher (not shown) onto a lower level (62) of the elevator (60) which is located next to the actual device (1) in the oil bath (40) , With the elevator, the second workpiece (51) is lifted from the oil bath (40) and then fed for further processing.

Claims (11)

  1. Apparatus for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace including a frame (20) with a first upper and a second lower plane (21, 22), which are arranged parallel above one another and are connected together by means of a plurality of frame struts (23), wherein the first and second plane (21, 22) each have a plurality of openings (21a, 22a) and wherein the struts have a plurality of guide means (25), a plurality of lifting struts (31), which are connected to a lifting mechanism (34) and are mounted to be vertically moveable in guide means (25) on the frame struts (23) and extend vertically beyond the upper plane (21), wherein each lifting strut (31) has a carrier (35) at a first position associated with the upper plane (21) and a carrier (36) at a second position associated with the lower plane (22), whereby the carriers (35, 36) are so aligned on the lifting struts (31) that they are moveable into the openings (21a, 22a) in the associated planes (21, 22) on vertical movement of the lifting struts (31) and at least one retaining means, which is arranged on a frame strut (23) and which limits the vertical movement of the corresponding lifting strut (31).
  2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that slides are arranged on the upper surface of at least one plane (21, 22).
  3. Apparatus as claimed in claims 1 or 2, characterised in that at least the lower plane (22) has additional openings.
  4. Apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least one of the guide means (25) is constructed as retaining means, which limits the vertical movement of the lifting struts (31) with respect to the frame.
  5. Apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the lifting struts (31) are connected together at their upper end by means of coupling elements (32, 33).
  6. A method of loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace with an apparatus as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5 and a quenching device (40) arranged below the apparatus, wherein:
    a) the apparatus is lifted by means of the lifting struts (31) into a first position, in which a first workpiece is moved out of a heat treatment furnace on to the lower carriers (36),
    b) the apparatus is lowered by means of the lifting struts so far into a second position that the lower section of the apparatus including the lower carriers (36) and the lower plane (22) is moved into the quenching device (40) and the lower plane (22) is positioned in the quenching device but the carriers (35, 36) remain above the respective plane (21,22),
    c) a second workpiece is moved on to an upper support surface constituted by the upper plane (21) or the upper carriers (35),
    d) the second workpiece is moved from the upper support surface into the heat treatment furnace,
    e) the apparatus is lowered by means of the lifting struts into a third position such that the carriers (35, 36) move into the planes (21, 22) and the first workpiece is then deposited by the lower carriers (36) on the lower plane (22), and
    f) the first workpiece is removed from the lower plane (22)
  7. The method of loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that in step a), a lifting/lowering manipulator engages beneath the first workpiece in the heat treatment furnace and deposits it on the lower carriers (36).
  8. The method of loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterised in that in step c) the second workpiece is deposited with a lifting/lowering manipulator on the upper carriers (35), wherein the lifting/lowering manipulator engages beneath the second work piece during the transport on to the upper carriers (35).
  9. The method of loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace as claimed in one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that in step d) a lifting/lowering manipulator engages beneath the first workpiece which is moved into the heat treatment furnace.
  10. The method of loading and unloading the heat treatment furnace as claimed in one of claims 6 to 9, characterised in that in step f) the first workpiece is removed from the lower plane (22) by a pushing or pulling device.
  11. The method of loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace as claimed in one of claims 6, 7, 9 or 10, characterised in that after step b) the lifting struts (31) are lowered further such that the carriers (35, 36) are moved into the openings (21a, 22a) in the planes (21, 22), wherein the first workpiece is deposited by the lower carriers (36) on the lower plane (22), that in step c) the second workpiece is moved with a pushing or pulling device on to the upper support surface and that the apparatus is then lifted by means of the lifting struts (31) such that the carriers (35, 36) lift the workpieces from the respective planes (21, 22).
EP08843334A 2008-01-14 2008-11-28 Device and method for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace Not-in-force EP2121993B1 (en)

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SI200830072T SI2121993T1 (en) 2008-01-14 2008-11-28 Device and method for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace
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DE102008000056A DE102008000056A1 (en) 2008-01-14 2008-01-14 Apparatus and method for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace
PCT/EP2008/066472 WO2009100791A1 (en) 2008-01-14 2008-11-28 Device and method for loading and unloading a heat treatment furnace

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CN (1) CN101849025B (en)
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DE502008000949D1 (en) 2010-08-26
CN101849025A (en) 2010-09-29
DE102008000056A1 (en) 2009-07-23
PL2121993T3 (en) 2010-12-31
ATE474068T1 (en) 2010-07-15
RU2419051C1 (en) 2011-05-20
US8298474B2 (en) 2012-10-30
SI2121993T1 (en) 2010-11-30
US20100143080A1 (en) 2010-06-10
EP2121993A1 (en) 2009-11-25
CN101849025B (en) 2012-04-25

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