EP2121476A2

EP2121476A2 - Container for sending objects and method for producing said container

Info

Publication number: EP2121476A2
Application number: EP07856338A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Keith Ulrich; Stefan Wilms
Original assignee: Deutsche Post AG
Current assignee: Deutsche Post AG
Priority date: 2006-12-05
Filing date: 2007-12-03
Publication date: 2009-11-25
Also published as: US20100012653A1; WO2008067971A2; DE102006057644A1; WO2008067971A3; DE102006057644A8

Abstract

The invention relates to a container for transporting objects, characterised by the following: the container has an inner compartment for receiving at least one object; the container comprises at least one sensor for detecting the measured data relating to the object; the container also comprises at least one transponder; and the transponder and the sensor are interconnected. The invention also relates to a method for producing the container and to the use of the container in a logistics system.

Description

Container for shipping objects and method for producing the containers

description

The invention relates to a container for transporting objects.

The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing the containers and shipping the containers in a logistics system.

In the field of transporting objects within logistics systems, there is a need to protect the objects from external influences.

The objects can be objects of different properties, in particular different size and sensitivity. In particular, they are objects that can be placed in a container.

In the prior art, various measures for protecting the contents from adverse effects are known.

The requirement of adequate securing of the transport container and thus the objects therein against damage, theft or other undesirable influences is known. In order to avoid having to use elaborately secured and heavy containers, monitoring of the containers on the transport path is usually realized. Damage to the transported objects can occur, for example, if objects are not transported under certain environmental conditions such as temperature, air composition or humidity, so that in particular foods or medicines are not transported under the required optimal conditions. For the operator of a transport and logistics system, it is therefore advantageous if the environmental conditions of such objects in a container can be monitored and logged. The monitoring makes it possible, if necessary, to directly influence the conditions of the transport containers.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a container which allows improved monitoring of one or more objects contained in it.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a container according to claim 1.

The invention further provides a method according to claim 32 and the use of the container in a logistics system according to claim 56.

According to the invention, it is provided in particular that it is a container in which there is an inner box in an outer box into which an object can be introduced.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the sensor is located in the interior. A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the transponder is arranged on the outside than the sensor.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the transponder and the sensor are designed as spatially separated components.

A development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the transponder and the sensor are connected to each other by at least one cable.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the transponder and the sensor are interconnected by an electromagnetic coupling means.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that it has a construction comprising several layers.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that there is at least one layer between the sensor and the transponder. A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that at least one of the layers absorbs and / or reflects electromagnetic radiation.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that it has an inner box and an outer box.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the sensor or at least one of a plurality of sensors are located in the interior of the inner box.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that at least one sensor is located between the inner box and the outer box.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the sensor or at least one of a plurality of sensors are located in the region of the outer box.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that at least one transponder is located between the inner box and the outer box. A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the outer box in a deployed and / or erected state is substantially cuboidal.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that at least two opposite side walls of the outer box have weakening lines extending in the direction of the main axis of the containers.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the outer box is foldable on at least two opposite edges and two opposite lines of weakness.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the inner box is attached to at least one tab on the outer box.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the connection between the inner box and the outer box is a bond.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the inner box for closing at least one end has at least one flap which is connected via a fold line with the side walls. A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the inner box has four flaps for closing at both ends.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the outer box for closing at least one end has at least one flap which is connected via a fold line with the side walls.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that there is a marked area for applying an address on the container.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that there are means for closing the containers in the container.

A further development of the container, the method of manufacturing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the means for closing the containers are adhesive tapes.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that cavities between the inner box and the outer box are filled with impact-absorbing materials. A further development of the container, the method of manufacturing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the impact-absorbing materials are paper, cardboard, foam and / or polystyrene body.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that measurement data of the object are detected by a sensor, that the detected measured values are transmitted to a transponder and that the transponder in dependence The measurement data transmitted status information to a reading unit.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the status information is stored.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the status information is stored in a storage medium mounted in the container.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that at least one sensor transponder unit is introduced into a container or into a blank provided for the production of the container.

Further training of the container, the method of manufacturing the container, the logistics system and the use of hälter is characterized in that the transponder and the sensor are in two separate housings.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the blanks in the finished container form layers of the container.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the sensor of the sensor transponder unit and the transponder of the sensor transponder unit are inserted between different blanks become.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the container is equipped so that it contains an interior for receiving the object and that subsequently at least one sensor is introduced into the interior.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the connecting element includes at least one wire.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the connecting element includes at least one light guide. A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the sensor is closer to the object than the transponder.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the sensor and the transponder are separated by an intermediate layer.

A development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the intermediate layer acts thermally insulating.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the intermediate layer has a shock-absorbing effect.

A development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the intermediate layer absorbs electromagnetic radiation.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the intermediate layer reflects electromagnetic radiation.

Further training of the container, the method of manufacturing the container, the logistics system and the use of hälter is characterized by the fact that they are suitable for transporting objects in a logistics system.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the container is transported from a place of dispatch to a receiving location.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the logistics system has reading means which cooperate with at least one arranged in the container transponder that detected by a sensor measurement data of the object transmitted to the reading units.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that at least one logistical process takes place in a logistics system as a function of the evaluation.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the logistical process includes a discharge of the container from a transport process.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the logistical process includes a choice of another mode of transport. A development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that a position of the transponder is determined.

A further development of the container, the method of manufacturing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the position of the container is stored.

A refinement of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that the position is stored in the data processing unit.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that determines the position of the container and that the position of the container is assigned to the state information obtained from the sensor.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container is characterized in that energy is supplied to the transponder.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that the energy is supplied by the reading unit.

Further training of the container, the method of manufacturing the container, the logistics system and the use of container is characterized in that a forwarding of the energy from the transponder to the sensor takes place.

A further development of the container, the method for producing the container, the logistics system and the use of the container provides that a signal line between the sensor and the transponder is effected by a connecting element.

If the outer and inner boxes are unfolded and erect, they assume a substantially cuboidal shape.

The width of the inner box is therefore expediently lower than that of the outer box so that the inner box fits into the outer box, but the outer box may possibly touch it, so that it can be fastened to it.

The inner box is attached in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention from the inside to opposite side walls of the outer box.

The container according to the invention thus has the advantage that it can be easily folded, transported, stored and offered for sale, since it does not occupy much space in the folded state and is easy to stack. The entire container can be easily folded without loosening or changing any connections. It can also be hung by appropriate means and be presented as space-saving for sale.

When the container is unfolded, the inner box unfolds automatically due to the attachment to the side walls of the outer box. The outer box is unfolded and displayed in this way align that it is now folded at four equidistant edges, and the two lines of weakness are smoothed. A cylindrical object such as medical products can now be inserted into the simultaneously unfolded inner box. The cavities between the side walls of the

The inner box and the outer box can be filled with any kind of shock absorbing material such as wood wool, cardboard, foam or polystyrene. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention can then both the inner box and the outer box, each with four

Flaps are closed at each end, resulting in a secure packaging for the introduced object.

Conveniently, the cartons are made in different dimensions and offered, so that the user can choose the appropriate packaging for different sizes of objects.

If, for example, a medical product is packaged as described above, it can be safely transported in the container or even sent by post. The object is sufficiently protected against damage by the construction of the box with inner box and possibly additionally introduced shock absorbing materials. The shape and dimension of the containers meet the requirements for the postal delivery of parcels.

The dimensions of the containers depend on the size of the items to be packaged. In the container according to the invention, preferably sensitive goods, for example medicines, are packaged. It is advantageous that the inner box is shaped so that one or more objects can be introduced in each case. So that the object can not possibly move within the inner box, the length and width of the inner box are expediently chosen so that there is as little play between the object and the inner box as possible. The length and width of the outer box can then be adjusted to the required dimensions of the inner box.

It has proven expedient to produce and offer different container sizes for different object sizes, so that the most suitable container for packaging can be selected for common object sizes.

The inner box can now be completely closed after inserting the objects.

The cavities between the inner box and the side walls of the outer box can additionally be filled with shock-absorbing material. These may be any materials in various forms, for example polystyrene bodies. However, materials such as wood wool, foams or cardboard can also be used.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides to connect an existing at least one transponder and at least one sensor element with the packaging. A firm connection with the packaging should also improve the overall process and give the possibility of certification. The RFID component, which enables non-contact reading (important in refrigerated transport: readout of the temperature information without having to open the packaging!), Should be tightly but protected behind the door. sitting outside wall. The temperature sensor should be attached as close as possible to the product, ie somewhere in the middle of the packaging space. Sensors and RFID are preferably connected via a serial connection, in this case two wires.

A further development of the invention provides for distributing and connecting a plurality of identical temperature sensors in the packaging so as to better absorb the temperature behavior in the packaging. You can also install other or additional sensors that may measure humidity or vibration. In any case, the electronics should be incorporated into the packaging unit as invisibly as possible. The electronic components within the packaging may be finely meshed. These

Meshing (crosslinking) preferably takes place in a production process of the packaging.

There are various cardboard boxes that fulfill different cooling conditions over different periods of time. It is important that the electronics of the RFID chip and the sensor can be optimally adapted to the temperature characteristics of the packaging, since the materials of the packaging do not change and the position of the sensors is also fixed.

It is expedient to design the box in such a way that it has an externally visible signal element, for example an LED, which shines through the cardboard at a certain point, and by a switch (also externally, for example by pressing at a specific point on the outer packaging skin ) is triggered. In particular, the invention provides for a method to be carried out or a logistics system to be equipped such that measured data of the object are detected by a sensor, that the acquired measured values are transmitted to a transponder and that the transponder transmits status information to a reading unit as a function of the measured data ,

The invention further relates to a container for receiving objects, a transport means for transporting the containers, a network node for use in the logistics system and a computer program product.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the reading unit or a data processing unit connected to it evaluates the status information.

Further training of the process, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the

Computer program product is characterized in that the state information is stored.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the status information is stored in a storage medium mounted in the container.

A development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that the status information in the reading unit and / or with the Reading unit connected data processing unit are stored.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides to store the status information only in the reading unit and / or in the data processing unit connected to the reading unit. This has the advantage of saving storage space in the containers, making them easier to manufacture.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the data processing unit carries out an evaluation of the status information.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that at least one handling operation of the container takes place as a function of the evaluation.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the logistical handling process involves a discharge of the container from a transport process.

A development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that the

Handling process includes a discharge of the container from a transport process. A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the handling process includes a choice of another transport route.

It is expedient that the choice of another means of transport takes place, for example, when there is a risk that the objects will be exposed to a load which is higher than a permissible load of the objects, while maintaining an originally provided transport path.

An example of an avoidable load on the objects is an undesirably high temperature and / or radiation load.

A development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that a position of the transponder is determined.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the position of the container is stored.

A refinement of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that the position is stored in the data processing unit.

A further development of the process, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program Product provides that the position of the container determines and that the position of the container is assigned to the state information obtained from the sensor.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that energy is supplied to the transponder.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the energy is supplied by the reading unit.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that the energy is passed on from the transponder to the sensor.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that a signal line between the sensor and the transponder is effected by a connecting element.

A development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the means of transport, the network node and the computer program product is characterized in that the connecting element includes at least one wire.

A further development of the process, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program Product provides that the connecting element includes at least one light guide.

Computer program product is characterized in that the sensor is closer to the object than the transponder.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the sensor and the transponder are separated by an intermediate layer.

Computer program product is characterized in that the intermediate layer acts thermally insulating.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the intermediate layer has a shock-absorbing effect.

Computer program product is characterized in that the intermediate layer absorbs electromagnetic radiation.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the intermediate layer reflects electromagnetic radiation. For an inventive use are many types of transponders. Particularly preferred are transponders that serve as transmitting and / or receiving devices. In particular, these are receivers that are suitable after receiving a foreign signal to emit its own signal.

The English term "transponder" is an abbreviation of transmitter (sender) and responder [(signal) responder].

Particularly preferred is an insert of transponders, which are provided with at least one identification. Such transponders are also referred to below as RFID tags.

It is expedient to replace or complement a visually detectable marking of objects in transport or logistics systems by RFID technologies with electronically rewritable and readable transponders. Such systems have the advantage that in a transponder, a large amount of information can be electronically read in and out, whereby automatic transport, sorting, tracking or distribution processes can be controlled without requiring the visual display of information is.

A transponder with identification information (RFID tags) is preferably executed as an RFID tag. An RFID tag consists of a microchip and an antenna. On the chip, a code is stored that contains processing-relevant information. In particular, the information about identification identification information. Transponders are equipped to send and / or receive signals to a triggering (radio) signal of a reader. Active transponders contain a power supply for their operation. Passive transponders, however, receive energy through the signals emitted by the reader.

The invention includes a novel logistics system that automates and considerably simplifies the transport of objects to intended receivers.

According to the invention, a logistics system is provided, which is characterized by a particularly high level of security and reliability.

The term "logistics system" refers to any system that is suitable for storing, sorting and / or transporting objects.

The technical implementation of the invention preferably includes a database in which information about the goods to be delivered and about at least one intended for an object delivery issuing office are included.

It is particularly advantageous that information about a plurality of delivery points provided for the object delivery is contained in the database.

The method according to the invention for monitoring a container for receiving objects provides that a sensor in the interior serves for determining changes in the state of the physical nature of the container contents. Subsequently, the measurement data is transmitted to the transponder.

The transponder transmits status information to a reading unit as a function of the measured data.

In a first embodiment, the measurement data themselves are transmitted as state information to the reading unit.

In another, likewise advantageous embodiment, critical variables determined from the measured data, for example temperature exceedances, are transmitted.

A transmission of selected, compressed and / or reduced values has the advantage that storage and transmission capacities are used more effectively.

When transponders are used as a means of passing on the measured values, a large number of readers are considered.

In each case antennas tuned to the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation of the transponders are used.

The ability to read several transponders in quick succession gives corresponding requirements to the respective reading unit to be used.

It is particularly advantageous to equip the reading unit with the BRM function known from the prior art.

The BRM function (buffered read mode = data filtering and storage) ensures that the data has already been read out. ner transponder are cached in the reader and read only once. This advantage comes into play in applications with pulse detection (anticollision) because only "new" transponders are read out. This increases the transmission speed of the data.

The information collected in this way is then processed further.

Various types of transmission can be used for transmission to the reading unit.

The reading unit is arranged in a transport means for the container, in a warehouse or a processing center for the container.

A data processing unit, which is preferably connectable to the reading unit, receives this status information from the reading unit.

A further development of the invention is characterized in that the location of the container is determined by a locating means in connection with the container and the position of the container is assigned to the status information obtained from the sensor. In this case, the position of the container can be determined by a locating means directly on the container or on a means of transport, with which the container is transported. If the locating means is located at an associated means of transport, it is preferably in connection with the data processing unit of the container.

The position of the container can be determined, for example, by a locating means in the form of a GSM module, a GPS module and / or a direction-finding transmitter. The different location means can be used depending on a required accuracy of the position determination, where they can be used either vertically or in parallel.

A further development of the method, the logistics system, the container, the network node and the computer program product provides that the status information obtained from the sensors is compared with nominal values, whereby a deviation from a nominal value is regarded as an alarm. The comparison of the state information is preferably carried out by comparing the measured electrical properties of the conductive layers with a desired value of the electrical properties. It can be provided that a deviation of the physical condition of the container material detected by the sensor from a desired value is not considered as an alarm, if the deviation is assigned a position of the container which is stored as a position for the permitted opening of a container in the data processing unit is.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the status information obtained from the sensor is transmitted to a communication module on the container, and the communication module transmits the status information to a message receiving device.

A further development of the invention provides to use at least one transponder as a communication module. One embodiment of the invention provides sensor transponder units in which a sensor is connected to a transponder, in particular an RFID tag.

As an agent for the connection, an embodiment of the invention provides two cables for the serial connection between the RFID tag and the sensor.

Furthermore, the following connections are possible:

• One sensor with several RFID tags;

• several sensors with one RFID tag and

• multiple sensors with multiple RFID tags.

The link between sensors and RFID tags is also referred to as "meshing" to indicate the mesh-like structure of the link.

The transmission of the status information from the communication module to the message receiving device can be made on the

Transport path or take place after the arrival of the container at the destination. Preferably, the transmission of the status information on the transport path only takes place if a comparison within the data processing unit shows that a deviation of the status information acquired by the sensors from setpoint values is regarded as an alarm.

The determination of the position of the container and the assignment of the position to the state information obtained by the sensor preferably takes place in the data processing unit of the container, but it can also be carried out in the message receiving device or in the monitoring center. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the container is provided with an atmosphere measuring device which detects the atmosphere in the interior of the container, and the measured values of the atmosphere measuring device are transmitted to the data processing unit of the container. The atmospheric measuring device may be, for example, a temperature and / or humidity sensor whose measured values are transmitted to the data processing unit of the container.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that the container is provided with an object detection means for registering the objects in the container and data are transmitted via the detected objects to the data processing unit. As an object detection means, for example, an antenna may be provided, which is mounted circumferentially around the opening edge of the container. The objects are registered by reading RFID tags attached to the objects when the RFID tags are inserted when inserting the RFID tags

Move object into the container by the antenna. The container may further be provided with a volume detection device which detects the objects when all the objects are inserted in the container.

In the case of object detection, at least the number of objects introduced in the containers is registered in the data processing unit. In doing so, an object taken from the container reduces the number of objects detected in the data processing unit, the process of removing a

Object from the container is registered by the number of operations in which the unique identifiable RFID tag associated with the object is detected. In addition to the number of objects introduced into the container, further data of the objects are preferably acquired. The number and / or further data of the registered objects are in a particularly preferred embodiment of the

Invention transmitted from the data processing unit to the communication module, which transmits the information to a message receiving device. The message receiving device may, for example, be located in the area of the recipient of the objects or in the area of a monitoring center.

Via an interface, this information can be read out and further processed.

A further development of the invention comprises, in addition to a method for monitoring a container, a container with means for monitoring according to the invention.

The means for monitoring are, in particular, sensors which are suitable for detecting at least one state quantity acting in the interior of the container.

The container further comprises, in one embodiment, a data processing unit and location means for determining the position of the container in association with the container.

However, it is particularly preferred to use containers that are equipped to interact with a data processing unit located outside the container.

For this purpose, it is advantageous to equip at least one transponder as a communication means that he transmitted by at least one sensor measured values and / or obtained from the measured state information to a data processing system.

Such an embodiment has the advantage that computing operations take place at least partially outside the containers. This makes it possible to use within the container no or only small storage means. In particular, it is advantageous to dimension the storage means so that they store identification information and / or information about the presence of an event requiring evaluation.

Details of the event requiring evaluation are stored and / or processed outside the containers in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention.

In addition to the reduction of the required storage in the containers, this has the further advantage that subsequent processing operations of the consignment are simplified.

It is thus possible, for example, to discharge containers whose contents have been subjected to too great a load from a transport process.

Of even greater importance is the replacement of damaged objects with new objects.

This is particularly important when they are objects whose use at a site is of particular importance. This applies in particular to medicines and medical aids. Preferably, the container has a communication module in connection with the data processing unit and an atmosphere measuring device such as a temperature and / or humidity sensor. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the container further comprises a protective sheath. Also advantageous is the design of the container with an object detection means for registering at least the number of objects introduced into the container.

The method according to the invention has the advantage that the condition of a container during the transport of objects can be comprehensively monitored. Techniques for measuring and monitoring the physical nature of a container material and / or environmental conditions may be used in conjunction with locating means to associate an event or condition on the container with a position of the container. This allows for the exact definition of the location and thus, for example, a jurisdiction in which an event has occurred.

If multiple locators are used with different precision, they can be used depending on the required accuracy range. Particularly advantageous is the use of a communication module which can send recorded data continuously or in the event of an alarm to a monitoring component.

In order to begin monitoring the filling of a container, the use of an object detection means is advantageous, which allows the registration of all objects in the container. This information can in turn be assigned a position of the respective container and the communication module is used to send the data to various message receiving devices. It can thus be recorded that the objects intended for transport have been inserted in the container and that possible theft may only occur during the transport.

This is particularly advantageous for the transport of a container of objects, since together with the condition sensors and the locating means any unwanted event on the container can be traced, without having to worry about the contents of the container before transport.

Further advantages, special features and expedient further development of the invention emerge from the dependent claims and the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures.

From the pictures shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a particularly preferred embodiment of the container according to the invention;

2 shows an embodiment of a container with protective cover.

3 shows an embodiment of a container with means for registering the objects,

4 is a schematic representation of a transport

Operation of the container including a temperature profile; FIG. 5 shows an integration of that shown in FIG. 4

Transport process to a monitoring system (Shipmint Control & Management - SCM);

6 shows a manual detection of data of a transponder 600, which is located on a container 601, by a reading device 602;

7a shows an embodiment of a container in which a sensor 701 is designed as a sensor surface and is located between objects 702, 703, 704 and 705 in an interior of a container 706;

Fig. 7b shows an embodiment of a container, in which a

Sensor strip 801 between objects 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807 located in an interior of a container 808;

8a shows an embodiment of a container in which circular sensors are arranged in the interior of the container;

FIG. 8b shows a further embodiment of a container in which circular sensors are arranged in the interior of the container; FIG.

9 shows a cross section through a transport container according to the invention with a plurality of sensors and transponders;

10 is a perspective view of a container according to the invention; 11 shows a container according to the invention, in which a sensor is located in the region of the objects and is connected to a transponder arranged outside the interior of the container, and

Fig. 12 juxtaposed strips to illustrate useful differences in length between different sensor-transponder combinations.

The invention includes various connections between sensors and transponders by connecting means V. The connecting means V can be designed in many ways. For example, these are elements for forwarding signals. Preferably, the connection means are equipped so that they also allow mechanical contact between transponders and sensors.

For this it is advantageous that the connecting means are bendable.

In order to allow an adaptation of the connecting means to geometric requirements, it is particularly advantageous to design them strip-shaped.

The connecting means can be better introduced by the strip-shaped configuration in containers for a shipment of objects.

The connecting means V preferably has a length of 5 cm to 1 m, preferably between 10 cm and 80 cm. The connecting means V effects a thermal insulation between the sensor S and the transponder T. To further improve the insulation, it is expedient that the connecting element consists at least partially of a thermally insulating material.

In one embodiment of the invention, at least individual sensor transponder units are already integrated into the containers during a production process of the containers. This occurs, for example, in that blanks of a foldable material used to produce the carton are provided for producing a carton the sensor transponder units are connected. In this case, it is particularly advantageous first to make the connection with the sensor transponder units and then to fold the blanks into a shape desired for the design of the container.

However, it is also possible to first produce or provide the containers and then to equip them with sensor transponder units according to the invention.

Of course, it is also possible to introduce a first sensor transponder unit before a final production of the container in areas provided for the production of the container and after production of the container this - possibly at a much later date - with a second sensor transponder unit to provide.

In particular, it is advantageous to introduce at least one sensor of a sensor transponder unit into the container during a filling process of the container. This has the part that the sensor can be brought into contact with at least a part of the objects.

When using a temperature sensor, it is particularly advantageous if it is at least partially in contact with at least one object. This ensures that the sensor has the same temperature as the object to be monitored.

The number of sensors and transponders is adapted to the requirements of the monitoring to be effected.

For example, a first embodiment of the sensor transponder unit consists of a transponder T and a sensor S.

It is also possible to connect a sensor with several transponders.

It is also possible to connect a transponder with several sensors.

The use of several sensors improves the monitoring possibilities.

By using multiple transponders, it is possible to perform readings for state information faster and / or more reliable.

The arrangement of the sensors and the transponder is expediently in each case in accordance with the requirements (proximity to the objects to be monitored or to the likewise to be monitored external contact points). The invention includes a variety of combinations of sensors and transponders.

Thus, it is possible, for example, to use a plurality of similar sensors for a two-dimensional or three-dimensional recording of a measured variable, for example to a temperature image.

Furthermore, it is preferable to use a plurality of different types of sensors so as to detect different measured variables, for example temperature, atmospheric humidity or radiation load.

It is also useful to use different transponders. This allows operation with different operating conditions, in particular different operating frequencies, for example UHF, HF.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to provide a plurality of similar transponders in order to increase the reading quality and rate. Such applications are particularly advantageous when a

Reading the data should be particularly fast and / or reliable.

For this purpose, it is advantageous to arrange the transponders in a suitable geometry, for example in the form of a net, a ring or a mat.

Likewise includes:

• Several similar sensors with a transponder;

• several different types of sensors with one transponder;

• several similar transponders with several similar sensors; • several similar transponders with several different sensors;

• several different transponders with several different sensors;

• several different transponders with several similar sensors.

The container 10 schematically illustrated in FIG. 1 for receiving and transporting objects may, for example, be a cuboid container having a bottom surface, four side walls and a lid arrangement. The container may be made of different materials such as cardboard, wood, plastic, metal or combinations thereof. If a soft material such as cardboard is used, it may be expedient to provide the cardboard with a protective sheath 100 which completely encloses the container. This protective cover may for example also consist of plastic, wood or metal.

Such a container with a protective sheath is shown by way of example in FIG. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the protective sheath 100 comprises a wooden pallet floor 110 and side walls and a hard plastic lid. The floor 110 is designed like conventional pallets and is fixedly or detachably connected to the side walls made of hard plastic. The protective sheath 100 may be fixedly connected to the basic container 10, but it has proved to be advantageous to perform separable from this. As a result, it is possible to transport the basic container protected by the envelope on partial sections of a transport, while the container can be transported on other transport routes without additional protection being required. It can be transported or stored without a protective cover. Furthermore, the protective cover 100 is thereby reusable and can be used for a high number of transport operations, even if the basic container 10 is damaged and no longer usable.

Preferably, all wall surfaces of the container 10 are provided with surfaces of electrically conductive material, which serves as a sensor for detecting changes in the physical condition of the object state. In this case, the entire surface of the container may be coated with conductive material or only partial surfaces thereof. Preferably, the container surface is provided with a plurality of conductive ribbons which are printed in the form of electronic ink directly on the container material or on a polymer film coating. In Fig. 1, only the front side wall of the container with conductive bands 30 is shown for simplicity of illustration. The conductive bands are arranged so that a physical change in the nature of the container material and thus damage to the container material causes a change in the electrical properties of the bands.

For evaluating the status information acquired by the sensor, the conductive strips 30 are connected to a data processing unit 40 which is in communication with the container 10. The data processing unit expediently has at least one voltage source, computing means for processing data and storage means. The unit is preferably located directly on or in the container 10. In order to protect the unit against unauthorized access, the individual components may be incorporated, for example, in the container material. The conductive bands 30 of the container may be used in various ways as a sensor to monitor the nature of the container material. For example, the resistance of the tapes can be permanently measured, whereby a fluctuation of the resistance is regarded as damage to the container material. Since this provides the ability to manipulate the monitoring by bridging bands, it has been found useful to monitor an analog resistance value. It is advantageous to use reference bands to account for natural changes in resistance, for example, by aging, moisture or temperature influences. If a deviation from the nominal value of the resistance determined by the reference bands is measured, this is registered as damage to the container material and possibly as an alarm.

In order not only to register the damage of the container material, for example by cutting, but also the opening of the container lid, various cover arrangements can be provided. If it is only necessary to register the one-time opening of the lid in an area of application, this can be achieved, for example, by the conductive strips 30 also extending in the area of the container lid surfaces 11. As is known in the monitoring of envelopes of the prior art, it may be provided to form closure surfaces so that the conductive bands 30 have a low adhesion to the container material, while they have a strong adhesion to sealing materials such as adhesive strips. For example, the closure of a container lid 11 made of cardboard can be designed so that two or four lid surfaces are folded and interconnected. Such a lid with two visible lid surfaces is shown in Fig. 1. The cover surfaces 11 are preferably connected to an adhesive strip, not shown, which is applied to areas of the surfaces to which the conductive tapes have a low adhesion. Thus, the adhesive strips can not be removed to open the cover without the conductive strips underneath being detached and a resulting change in the electrical properties of the strips registered.

In a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, overlapping cover surfaces 11 are provided with capacitive connection surfaces 12, which extend, for example, along the edges of the cover surfaces, as shown in FIG. When the lid is closed, two connecting surfaces lie on top of each other, so that a capacitive element having a relatively high capacitance is formed from the two connecting surfaces 12. When the lid is opened, the distance between the connecting surfaces 12 increases, and the capacity decreases greatly. The connection surfaces are also in communication with the data processing unit 40 and the reduction of the capacity can thus be registered as the opening of the lid.

A cover arrangement with capacitive connection surfaces 12 has the advantage that no fixed closure by adhesive strips is required and, moreover, repeated opening and closing can be registered without the cover closure being destroyed in the process. Objects 20 can thus be removed from the container or supplemented in this case, if there is a power to do so while unauthorized operations are registered. An essential part of the invention is that the container 10 is in communication with a locating means 50 for determining the position of the container. The locating means 50 is preferably located directly on the container, but it may also be located on a means of transport, with which the container is transported. For example, the locating means may be located on an aircraft, truck or ship, with which the container is transported.

The locating means may be, for example, a direction-finding transmitter, a GSM module or a GPS module. The direction finder is attached to the container or an associated means of transport and can be located from a remote station. In this case, the information about the position of the container of the data processing unit 40 is not available, so that the direction finder is expediently supplemented by a further module such as a GPS (Global Position System) location. In the case of a GPS location, its current position can be transmitted to the associated satellite receiver so that the position of the container for the data processing unit 40 is available. This also applies to a GSM module to which its position is transmitted by means of a cell location. The use of a GSM module is also advantageous because it can be used simultaneously as a communication module for sending information.

The locating means mentioned by way of example can optionally be used vertically or in parallel. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, at least two of the locating means mentioned are used to determine the position of the container. This embodiment has the advantage that the position of the container due to the different locating techniques with a variable accuracy and, if necessary, can also be determined within closed spaces. In order to determine the position of the container as accurately as possible, for example, the direction finder can be used, while for the determination of a larger radius, the location of the GPS and / or GSM module is sufficient.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the container 10 further comprises an atmosphere meter 70 with which the atmospheric conditions inside or on the container can be measured. The atmosphere measuring device is also connected to the data processing unit 40. The measuring device may be, for example, a temperature or humidity sensor whose measured values are transmitted to the data processing unit 40.

The container further comprises a communication module 80 which is connected to the data processing unit 40. The communication module 80 may be, for example, a PC interface for reading out data. However, particularly preferred is the use of a GSM module with which messages in the GSM network can be sent and received. The communication module is designed so that it can transmit data received from the data processing unit to a monitoring center 60 and / or alternative message receiving means 61. By way of example, the monitoring center can be a center of the transport and logistics company which transports the objects in the container. Other message receiving means 61 may be located at the sender or recipient of the transported objects so that these stations may also receive messages from the container. The described construction of the container 10 with various sensors, a locating means 50 and a communication module 80 enables monitoring of the container, whereby various parameters such as integrity, position and ambient conditions can be monitored. All available or selected parameters can be monitored. The monitoring of the integrity of the container 10 is achieved by the sensor 30 in the form of conductive surfaces, wherein the measured electrical properties of the sensor means of the data processing unit 40 are transmitted. This makes it possible to monitor whether a container is cut open during transport, for example by sharp objects, so that objects can be removed without authorization.

Furthermore, it may be expedient to monitor a planned route of the container and to continuously determine the current position of the container by the locating means 50. Thus, it can be tracked whether a container has moved away from a given route, which is an indication of any irregularity that may have to be checked or even the theft of the objects in the container. The determination of the position may in particular serve to assign an alarm to a position of the container at which an irregularity has occurred.

The monitoring of certain values for the temperature and / or humidity within the container is achieved by the corresponding sensor 30, whose values are also transmitted to the data processing unit. For example, it is possible to monitor whether the required atmospheric conditions are met when transporting food or medicines. Methods of monitoring the container 10 may provide for various types of alarms and responses thereto. It can be provided, for example, to store the data recorded on the container in the data processing unit 40 and / or to transmit it continuously via the communication module 80 to a monitoring center 60 or alternative message receiving means 61. In the case of pure storage, the data can be read out and processed, for example, at the destination of the container via an interface. This can be done by the connection of the communication module 80 to a receiving device, wherein the connection can be made via a direct contact or a remote transmission. For remote transmission suitable as communication means, for example, RFID chips in the container whose stored data can be read.

The evaluation of the deviations of the measured values from desired values can also be carried out in the data processing unit 40 itself or in a separate evaluation unit. In the second case, the data is read out, for example, at the destination and evaluated whether deviations from target states have occurred. This may be useful if the particular application merely requires a determination as to whether a container has been correctly transported and where appropriate a damage has occurred.

However, it is particularly advantageous to monitor the container during transport so that, if appropriate, a direct reaction to the relevant alarm can take place. In this case, the communication module 80 transmits data of the container to the monitoring center 60 already during the transport. It may be expedient that the data processing unit does not send a continuous data stream, but performs an assessment of the measured state information and triggers an alarm in case of deviations from setpoints. Only when an alarm is triggered is the central monitoring unit 60 or alternative message reception means 61 receiving information about the condition of the container. This notification preferably includes the type of deviation from a target value and the associated position at which the deviation occurred. For example, if an alarm is triggered regarding the integrity of the container, it is assigned the current position of the container and it can be checked on-site if the container has been damaged in the course of a theft.

The container according to the invention also allows further methods for checking the authorized opening. For example, it may be programmed in the data processing unit 40 that the container may only be opened at a certain location. When the container is opened, the position of the container currently detected by the locating means 50 is thus compared with the stored location of the authorized opening. If the positions match, the aperture is registered as correct. If the comparison shows that the positions deviate from each other, this is considered an unauthorized opening of the container. In this case, different tolerances for the deviation from a position can be programmed, wherein it is again advantageous to use different locating means with different accuracies. For example, a direction finder may be used if the position at the opening is to be approximately Im. This is the case, for example, when a container within a building may only be opened in certain rooms. If a larger area is permitted for the opening, locating with lower accuracy such as GSM or GPS modules.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the authorized opening of a container requires an access code or an activation of the container. The access code can be entered directly by a user into the data processing unit. However, an access control can be achieved particularly advantageously in that the data processing unit 40 requests an activation of the container via the communication module 80, for example at the monitoring center 60 or in alternative components. If certain conditions are fulfilled, the monitoring center transmits, for example, an access code to the data processing unit 40 and the container can be opened without being considered unauthorized access. In this way, it can also be realized that the transmission of an access code of several components or users is required to authorize an opening of the container without triggering an alarm.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the container is provided with an object detection means 90 for registering the objects in the container 10. Such an arrangement with an antenna which is mounted circumferentially around the opening edge of the container 10 is shown schematically in FIG. To simplify the illustration, the lid surfaces of the container are not shown. For detection by the antenna, the objects 20 are preferably provided with an RFID tag 21, which during the

Moving past a subject object is read out at the antenna. Thus, the object is detected, with the antenna 90 connected to the data processing unit 40 is, in which the detection of the objects is registered. Other identification means which can be detected by the antenna can also be provided on the objects, however, RFID tags offer the advantage that they are already attached to different objects for identification purposes and that, if appropriate, further data can be read out.

Upon detection of the objects, at least the number of articles placed in the container is registered, and the data processing unit further provides computing means which register when an article is removed from the container. This can be achieved, for example, by storing the number of processes in which the uniquely identifiable RFID tag belonging to an article was detected. If the number of acquisition operations is an even number, the item is registered as no longer in the container. If the number of operations is an odd number, the item is registered as being in the container.

In addition to the detection of the objects by an edge antenna as shown in FIG. 3, alternatively, a bulk detection of the RFID tags 21 of all objects in the container can be provided when the filling process is completed. The Pulkerfas- solution can be triggered, for example, after the filling process by a staff member. In order to prevent objects from being removed from the container without authorization after the detection, an edge antenna can additionally be provided which registers the removal of an RFID tag already registered by the pulse detector.

The detection of the objects 20 by the object detection means 90 can further read out further data from the associated Provide RFID tag 21. This may include, for example, information such as the sender or receiver of the item, information about required atmospheric conditions during transport, a predetermined transport route or data for identifying the item. These data are also stored in the data processing unit 40 and optionally processed. For example, nominal values for monitoring the container can be generated on the basis of the data.

The container according to the invention with a locating means 50 makes it possible to associate the position of the container with the detected objects 20. Thus it can be stored in the data processing unit that a number of specific objects have been introduced into a container at one location. The communication module 80 further allows the transmission of a corresponding message to a message receiving means 61 and / or a monitoring center 60 that objects have been introduced into a container. If the communication module is a GSM module, it can send a text message to the monitoring center 60 or a corresponding receiving means 61. As a result, for example, the sender can receive a confirmation that the correct number and type of objects has been placed in a container at a shipping location.

FIGS. 4 to 12 show a cooling chain designed according to the invention.

4 shows a schematic representation of a transport

Operation of the container including a temperature profile. The illustrated logistics chain enables a transport of objects to be kept refrigerated over arbitrarily long distances, for example also transcontinental.

It will be clear to one skilled in the logistics field that the temperature is only one possible parameter of the transport to be ensured.

In particular, it is of course also possible, instead of and / or in addition to the temperature, to control, monitor and ensure compliance with other variables required for a product quality of the objects.

Examples of other parameters that may need to be monitored and observed are humidity and / or shock.

The measures according to the invention make it possible to achieve the following goals:

• ensuring the product integrity of the objects;

• quality management;

• compliance with legal requirements;

• initiate corrective actions to avoid object damage;

• initiate precautionary measures to prevent damage to the property and

• process control and process optimization. A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides to calculate an expected duration of use of the objects.

In particular, sensor RFID units are used according to the invention, which monitor a temperature distribution and determine a total effect on the objects.

Overall action here preferably means a weighting of temperature excesses and times in which the temperature exceeded.

A calculation of the total effect on the object or objects is possible in one embodiment by a computing unit in the containers.

However, it is also possible and advantageous to perform the calculation in a data processing unit connected to the reading unit.

FIG. 5 shows an integration of the transport process shown in FIG. 4 into a monitoring system (Shipmint Control & Management - SCM).

FIGS. 4 and 5 show that a measurement of the measured values and a transmission of status information (measured values or values derived therefrom) takes place in different processing steps of a transport chain.

A first measurement of properties of the physical objects - for example a temperature measurement - takes place in a method step 1 when the containers are taken over from a dispatch warehouse (dispatch location) 401 - if necessary when loading into a van 402.

In a further method step 2-for example, during a transport of the shipment from the delivery warehouse 401 to a warehouse 403, for example a cargo terminal of an airport, at least one further measurement and / or capture of other shipping-relevant data takes place, for example, for customs clearance relevant Information.

In a method step 3 of a handling operation in the warehouse 403, a further measurement and / or a collection of further shipping-relevant information takes place, for example via a previous delivery period.

In a method step 4, information is transmitted from the containers to the reading unit and / or from the reading unit to an evaluation unit. In this case, for example, the previously recorded customs-relevant information and / or the recorded measured values-in particular temperature values or temperature impairments of the objects derived therefrom-are transmitted.

Such a process may, for example, during a

Transport the container - for example, in an airplane - done. In the illustrated case, a transmission during a takeoff phase of an aircraft 404 is shown.

In a method step 405, for example, a further temperature measurement and / or a transmission of an expected arrival time takes place at a destination airport. After being transported to the destination airport, the containers are transported to another warehouse 406, for example a cargo terminal.

It is expedient to carry out further measurements in addition to the measurements shown at the detection points in accordance with method steps 1 to 9.

Such further measurements between the individual procedural steps are shown in the time scale between the respective method steps in the horizontal scale axis shown in FIG. 4 by means of vertical lines.

This allows, for example, a timely detection of an alarm triggering exceeding a target value - for example, reaching a higher temperature than allowed.

Appropriately, it is determined whether the temperature overshoot on the basis of models on temperature influences leads to a deterioration of the product quality or whether this only reduces the shelf life.

In the case of serious damage to the objects, their removal takes place from the production process.

In the event that only the shelf-life of the products is shortened, a recording of the previously determined shortened service life and a registration of logistical information about a use of the object within the recalculated shelf life is performed. In order to ensure this, it is expedient, in a method step 7-for example at an intermediate storage facility 408 of an operator of the logistics system-to detect the determined temperature values and / or impairment factors or a temperature profile derived therefrom and transmit them to an evaluation unit.

Preferably, at the latest before a further transport of the shipment from the warehouse 408 to a receiver 409 in a method step 8, the data obtained is transmitted to the intended recipient.

In a further method step 9, the recorded measured values are supplemented by a further measuring process.

Furthermore, it is expedient to transmit a proof of the delivery and the transmission of the status information (measured values and / or information derived therefrom).

Hereinafter, particularly suitable containers are shown for carrying out the method.

Preferably, the containers are constructed to include an outer box and an inner box, it being convenient to provide materials for preventing influences on the object or objects between the outer box and the inner box.

In the event that additional security to avoid temperature excesses is desired, it is expedient to introduce at least one cooling element into the container in addition to the object or objects. Particularly reliable measured values are obtained by virtue of the fact that at least one of the sensors in the interior of the container is located in the region of the object or of the objects, preferably in contact with at least one object.

Furthermore, it is expedient to arrange further sensors - for example on the inner wall of the inner box and / or on the cooling element.

This makes it possible to determine a temperature profile and / or on the basis of changes in temperature - for example, at one position or multiple positions of the container, for example on the inner wall of the inner box of the container and / or the Kühlelements-, forecast values for expected temperatures to determine the sample.

A determination of forecast values for the expected temperature - or the expected temperatures - with an unchanged transport of the container makes it possible to detect the danger of exceeding a critical temperature in advance.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, exceeding the temperature is prevented by changing at least one transport parameter.

For example, in the event of an imminent impairment of cooling, transport in a faster means of transport - for example a helicopter instead of a truck - can prevent the cold chain from being interrupted (exceeding a set temperature - in particular over a longer period than provided in product files). Alternatively, For example, a transport in cars with cooling or Tiefkühleinrichtungen selectable.

While there are no special requirements for the closure of the inner box, the attachment of the outer box flaps must ensure a secure closure. Appropriately, this is done via a bond.

In order to offer the user of the containers the most comfortable possible use of the containers according to the invention, the closure means can already be contained in the possibly folded container when they are delivered. They may, for example, be accommodated in the container together with a pre-printed address label and / or an instruction for use and expediently detachably fastened. The address label can be filled filled in a possibly marked area. The container may also contain instructions for the use of the box, advertising imprints, postage stamps or other imprints.

FIG. 6 shows a manual detection of data of a transponder 600, which is located on a container 601, by a reading device 602.

FIG. 7 a shows an embodiment of a container in which a sensor 701 is designed as a sensor surface and is located between objects 702, 703, 704 and 705 in an interior of a container 706.

FIG. 7b shows an embodiment of a container in which a sensor strip 801 is located between objects 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807 in an interior of a container 808. Fig. 8a shows an embodiment of a container in which circular sensors are arranged in the interior of the container

Fig. 8b shows an embodiment of a container in which circular sensors are arranged in the interior of the container.

FIG. 9 shows a cross section through a transport container according to the invention with a plurality of sensors and transponders. The cross section shows that the side walls 121, 122, 123 and 124 of the inner box are parallel to the side walls 111, 112, 113 and 114 of the outer box. The walls of the inner and outer boxes are in this embodiment of cardboard of a certain thickness, as is commonly used for packaging.

The blank of the outer box can, for example, in one piece of four parallel side walls 111, 112, 113, and 114 and an adjacent tab 160 which is connected to the side wall 111. The tab 160 may extend the full length of the containers, or it may be a plurality of smaller tabs distributed throughout the length of the containers. The formation of the inner box can take place analogously via four side walls 121, 122, 123 and 124 and one or more tabs 170. Instead of the tabs 160 and 170, other types of connection can be used.

The attachment of the inner box on the side walls of the outer box can also be done in various ways. It has proved to be particularly expedient to have at least one edge 150 of the inner box at least one respective edge 150 for fastening. provided on the outer box. Preferably, the tabs are located at two opposite edges 50 of the inner box. The formation of the tabs 250 can be done in several ways. It has proved to be particularly advantageous to punch out the tabs preferably U-shaped from the side walls of the inner box, so that they can be folded over a remaining fold line 180 in the direction of the arrow to the outer box. For each of the side walls of the outer walls, one or more connecting straps can be provided distributed over the length of the containers.

The attachment of all tabs and side walls together is expediently via bonds, but there are also other types of connection conceivable. For example, brackets or tabs that engage in corresponding recesses may be used.

10 shows a perspective view of a container according to the invention.

11 shows a container according to the invention, in which a sensor is located in the region of the objects and is connected to a transponder arranged outside the interior of the container.

Fig. 12 shows juxtaposed strips to illustrate useful differences in length of the connecting means V of different sensor transponder elements.

A particularly preferred Radio Frequency Identification

(RFID) enables automatic identification (radio detection) and localization of objects. An RFID system comprises in a particularly preferred embodiment:

• Transponder (also called RFID Tag, Smart Tag, Smart Label or RFID Chip);

• Readers with associated antenna (also called Reader) and

• Integration with servers, services and other systems (middleware).

Although transponders with little or no storage space are particularly advantageous, it is also possible to use transponders that store data.

The data is preferably read without contact and without visual contact.

Transponders without data storage are preferred.

It is particularly advantageous to carry out a data determination - carrying out measuring operations - in response to a request.

The data transmission between transponder and reader takes place by means of electromagnetic waves. At low frequencies, this happens inductively via a near field, at higher frequencies via an electromagnetic far field.

RFID tags can have rewriteable memory that can store information during their lifetime. Depending on the application, the other key figures such. B. Radio frequency, transmission rate, life, cost per unit, storage space, reading range and functionality.

In principle, the RFID communication works as follows: The reader generates a high-frequency electromagnetic alternating field, which receives the antenna of the RFID tag. In the antenna coil, as soon as it comes in the vicinity of the electromagnetic field, induction current. This activates the microchip in the RFID tag. The induced current also charges a capacitor in passive tags, which ensures a permanent power supply of the chip. This takes over a built-in battery with active tags.

Once the microchip is activated, it receives commands that the reader modulates into its magnetic field. By modulating an answer into the field sent by the reader, the tag sends its serial number or other data requested by the reader.

The tag itself does not send a field, but only changes the electromagnetic field of the reader. Here, the RF tags at 13.56 MHz differ from the UHF tags to 865-869 MHz (European frequencies):

HF tags use load modulation, which means they use short-circuiting energy from the alternating magnetic field. This can be detected by the reader. By bonding to the alternating magnetic field, this technique works exclusively in the near field. The antennas of a Nahfeldtags therefore form a coil. UHF tags, on the other hand, use the electromagnetic far field to transmit the answer. This embodiment of the method method is called backscattering. Here, the electromagnetic wave is either absorbed or reflected with the largest possible return cross section. The antennas are mostly dipoles, the chip sits in the middle of the RFID tag.

Since metal reflects this radiation very strongly, it makes the reading process more difficult.

Furthermore, ¹ certain background materials detune the resonant frequency of the tag, so it is intended to match tags to the materials. Printers who today are able to print and simultaneously describe RFID tags could later, depending on the product, cut perforations into the antennas, so that the antennas are optimally matched to the materials to be bonded.

Since the power supply of the microchip in both methods must be consistently covered (a commercial UHF tag with Philips chip according to EPC 1.19 standard requires about 0.35 microamps of power for the chip), the reader must generate a permanent field. This is called "Continuous Wave" in the UHF range because of the fact that the field strength decreases quadratically with distance and this distance must be traveled in both directions - from the reader to the day and back - this must be Continuous Wave can be quite powerful, usually between 0.5 and 2 watts of EIRP.

To read the tags, several, for example 10, free channels with an output of two are available in the UHF range. For example, 2 watts available, above a channel and below 3 channels, which can only be operated at a lower power. All channels extend over a width of 200 kHz. The tag response is performed by modulating the response signal at 200 kHz onto the CW, thus creating a sideband 200 kHz above and below this CW, so it lies exactly in an adjacent channel.

In order to be able to use as many RFID readers as possible in one environment, one tries to exploit as much as possible the entire spectrum of the channels. A frequently used variant is to assign channels 1, 4, 7 and 10 to the reader. Channel 0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 11 would then be available for the sidebands, with channels 0 and 11 only being able to be operated at a lower power, which, however, is not a problem, as here only the tag response is transmitted and no CW.

In addition, problems can occur if the RFID tag sits directly on the product. To solve this problem, it is beneficial to use flap or flag tags that protrude from the product at a right angle, leaving a large distance from the product.

Decisive for the size of the transponder are the antenna and the housing. The shape and size of the antenna depends on the frequency or wavelength. Depending on the required application, transponders in different designs, sizes and protection classes are offered.

Depending on the area of use, RFID tags may well be the size of books (eg in container logistics). However, it is advantageous to make very small RFID tags that easy to integrate into the containers. The range of passive transponders depends not only on the frequency but also significantly on the coil size.

Small batteryless RFID tags do not have their own power supply and must gain their supply voltage by induction from the radio signals of the reading units. While this reduces the cost and weight of the chips, it also reduces the range. This type of RFID tags is used for. For example, for product authentication and / or for tracking and tracing used, since the cost per unit here are crucial. Self-powered RFID tags achieve a much wider range and greater functionality, but are more complex to manufacture.

Coded information is introduced into the transponders as control instruments for the parcel logistics.

In particular, the transponders may contain a consecutive numbering - if necessary with checking numbers -, other numbering as well as address information or other information which classifies the consignment or serves, for example, for advertising purposes.

Particularly comprehensive data volumes can be incorporated into smart transponders.

RFID identification systems - "smart transponders" - make it possible to optimize logistics processes. They are thus a suitable means of influencing - including controlling flexible distribution systems for the route-optimized provision of the mailpieces.

For operation, in particular for signal modulation, the RFID microchip must be supplied with energy. There are two types of RFID tags:

1. Passive RFID tags draw their energy to power the microchip from the received radio waves. With the antenna as coil, a capacitor is charged by induction, which supplies the day with energy. The range is here a few millimeters to a few centimeters.

2. Active RFID tags receive the power to power the microchip from a built-in battery. Usually, they are idle or do not send out information to increase the life of the energy source. Only when a special activation signal is received does the transmitter become active. This allows a much higher range, which can be up to about 100 meters.

frequency ranges

The following frequency bands are advantageous for use:

• Low frequencies (LF, 30-500 kHz). These systems have a short range, work flawlessly and fast enough for many applications in the most commonly used 64 bit Read OnIy technology. Larger amounts of data result in longer transmission times. LF transponders are cheap to buy, come along high (air) moisture and metal and are available in a variety of designs.

• High frequencies (HF, 3-30 MHz). Short to medium range, medium transmission speed, medium to low price range. In this frequency range, the so-called smart tags (usually 13.56 MHz) work.

• Very high frequencies (UHF, 850-950 MHz, 2.4-2.5 GHz, 5.8 GHz). Long range (3-6 meters for passive transponders, 30 meters and more for active transponders) and high reading speed. Low prices for passive transponders, high prices for active transponders tend to be high. Typical frequencies are 433 MHz, 868 MHz (Europe), 915 MHz (USA), 950 MHz (Japan) and 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz in the Microwave.

Most RFID tags send their information in plain language, but some models also have the ability to encrypt their data.

mounting

1. Data record of the transponder is attached at the time of chip production (serial number). This is particularly preferred for identification delivery and requires less manufacturing effort and lower energy consumption.

2. Writable transponder:

• EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read only memory) - inductively coupled RFID;

• FRAM (ferromagnetic random access memory); SRAM (static random access memory) - needs uninterruptible power supply.

power supply

1. Passive transponder - power supply is taken from the (electrical / magnetic) field;

2. semi-passive transponder, (backup) battery for the use of connected sensors, but not for data transmission;

3. active transponder battery normally for the

Extension of the range of data transfer, but also for parallel sensors.

It is particularly advantageous to use RFID tags that have at least one sensor input.

For example, an RFID tag having one or more sensor inputs, each modifying a label data word bit stream read by a label request 1 detection device, is modified.

An RFID tag may include a sensor input capable of receiving variable signals from one or more sensors, an analog variable, or a digital variable.

The amplitude of the RFID tag modulates the DS-RF carrier of the RF generator with its data word bitstream by charging and discharging the resonant circuit or antenna of the RFID tag in accordance with the binary values of that data word bitstream. The data word bitstream is a series of on-off pulses representing, for example, a serial data word synchronization header and the RFID tag number.

Parity bits or a checksum value may also be included in the data word bitstream. These series of on-off pulses are detected by a tag reader (interrogator) which detects amplitude variations of its DS-RF signal. These amplitude variations are caused by the electromagnetically coupled or RF antenna coupled RFID tag which charges and discharges the resonant circuit or antenna of the tag reader or interrogator.

In one development of the invention, an RFID tag has a digital input for detecting a change in the voltage, the current or the resistance of a sensor connected to the digital input. The sensor state of the digital input can determine if the bit values of the data word bit stream can be inverted. The difference between the two word word bitstreams results in the change in the sensor (open or closed), representing a reading. A voltage or current supply of the sensor may originate from an external source or from the RFID tag itself, which then supplies a portion of the current from the electromagnetically coupled or RF antenna coupled continuous wave from the interrogator or tag reader.

The sensor may be, for example, an electromechanical switch, a transistor, a Hall effect element, a phototransistor. Another embodiment of the RFID tag has an analog input for detecting an analog sensor signal represented by a variable voltage, current or resistance value.

The analog input can be converted by a voltage comparator into an on-off high-low representation.

Voltage or current for powering one or more analog sensors may be sourced from an external source or from the RFID tag that utilizes a portion of the energy from the electromagnetically coupled or RF antenna coupled continuous wave from the interrogator or tag reader. The analog sensor (s) may be an RTD, a thermocouple, a piezoelectric pressure transducer, and the like.

The value recorded may be, for example, pressure, temperature, acceleration, vibration, moisture content, gas fraction, density, flow rate, sound intensity, radiation, magnetic flux, pH, etc.

Voltage or current for powering one or more sensors may be sourced from an external source or from the RFID tag which then supplies a portion of the current from the electromagnetically coupled or RF antenna coupled continuous wave from the interrogator or tag reader.

The RFID tag may be made of a single semiconductor IC chip, or may consist of multiple semiconductor dies in a single IC package. It is also considered and within the scope of the invention that multi-module RFID tags with a plurality of discrete electronic components are integrated into the embodiments discussed above, including, for example, microcontrollers, memories, digital logic circuits, analog circuits and discrete and / or monolithic transducers or sensors.

A further development of the invention includes an RFID tag with a sensor input that causes logic circuitry in the RFID tag to modify data content.

If the RFID tag is passive, it has no internal power storage and the power to its circuitry comes from a near-field or far-field continuous wave (DS-HF) radio frequency source. This is installed, for example, in a means of transport (for example a land vehicle or aircraft) or a warehouse.

When the RFID tag comes close to the DS-RF field, the RFID tag pulls by means of electromagnetic or RF coupling

Energy from the field.

The nearby RFID tag affects the amplitude of the DS-RF carrier. The DS-RF generator has an interrogator that detects changes in the amplitude of the DS-RF carrier, and has an evaluation circuit that, over a period of time, looks for one or more patterns in these amplitude changes. If a recognizable pattern is detected, an RFID tag has been detected and the information in that recognizable pattern can be used. The RFID tag can also provide the sensor with electrical power.

The RFID tag generates a data word bitstream that is read by an interrogator or tag reader. This data word bit stream contains information that is influenced by a signal value of the sensor. When the signal value from the sensor changes, so does the information of the data word bit stream.

The sensor (s) may be digital or analog as described above.

The reading unit (interrogator or label reader) detects amplitude changes or frequency changes of an electromagnetic signal caused by the transponder (s) and converts them to the serial data word bit stream.

The invention thus provides a system in which RFID tags are used in a particularly advantageous manner so that they provide reliable information about a state and / or a location of at least one object.

Inventive RFID systems preferably transmit not only identification and position data but also temperature, humidity, shock absorption, biometry and other data. This data can be recorded and evaluated.

Further developments of the invention provide for transforming data into information and linking it with further information from application systems. Contactless reading of many objects at the same time and the mapping of logistics processes in the software architecture helps to use real-time information gained to improve the logistics processes (processing, handling and / or transport processes in the logistics system).

Traceability with RFID technology helps to improve safety through optimized transport processes.

The RFID technology according to the invention makes it possible to map a global logistics chain in real time and to provide information about the current location, status, place of origin and destination as well as, if necessary, sensor data.

The treatment of sensitive objects can be detected promptly by sensors and tracked precisely in terms of position and time.

The logistical processes are carried out using RFID

Labeling, temperature and humidity measurement as well as integration of access control automated and safer. For this it is advantageous that all relevant information is processed with real-time processes. Among other things, the following sub-processes are affected:

• object input,

• transport to / from interim storage,

• Storage and retrieval from storage facilities, • Real-time monitoring of movements (combination of identification and reading zones).

Supervised information includes: • Container identification (uniquely coded serial number) via passive RFID tag (linking to the content data only after authorization and decoding),

• Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. If certain bandwidths are exceeded or fallen short of over periods of time, for example, the classification of individual substances and thus further processing changes.

• Stock Monitoring Interim Storage:

Within specified time intervals and / or on request all tags are read.

In some embodiments of the invention, it is intended to capture only changes. Alternatively, it is possible to store a data history.

The invention enables the use of warning messages. The warning messages can be used to change logistical processes, in particular the sorting, storage and / or transport of the objects, or to initiate a new logistical process, for example a new transport process.

It is advantageous to use a server to control the system. To operate the server is a program that is preferably stored on a computer program product - for example, a suitable storage medium.

This makes it possible sensors and possibly also

Connect actuators. Appropriately, filtering and, if appropriate, correlation of the measured data takes place in real time, see above that the logistical processes can be directly influenced.

Data can be supplied via various communication channels, for example the data channels of the

Transponders, mobile communication systems (PLUTUS, GSM, GPRS, UMTS). This makes possible:

• Connection of sensors and actuators;

• Filtering and correlation of the sensor data in real time in the process context;

• Integration of the existing HMMS application;

• Provision of data and messages via different channels (handheld, telephone, portal, etc.).

The ability to access real-time information using RFID tags and integrate that information into the information architectures is the concept of sensor-based services.

It is particularly expedient to store status information received from the readers and / or to transmit them to the data processing unit (server).

Appropriately, the determined state information is compared with target data. This makes it possible to identify deviations and to determine at short notice to what extent there is a need for a change in the logistical processes. In particular, this makes it possible to inform an intended recipient or the sender of the object in a timely manner about the transport state.

Handling and / or means of transport are in this way capable of stationary, with the same level of information to achieve improved cooperation and to generate a suitable response based on the obtained sensor information.

This allows the logistics processes to be carried out faster and more safely.

List of reference numbers:

10 containers

11 Lid surface 12 Capacitive element

20 object, object

21 RFID tag, identification means

30 sensor, electrically conductive layer / tape

40 data processing unit 50 locating means

60 monitoring center

61 Message receiving means, device 70 Atmospheric measuring device

80 communication module, interface 90 object detection means, edge antenna

100 protective cladding

110 pallet floor

401 sender location

402 transporters 403 bearings

404 aircraft

405 process step 406 bearings

408 intermediate storage 409 receiving location

600 transponders

601 containers

602 Reader 701 Sensor 702 to 705 objects

706 containers

801 sensor strips

802 to 807 objects 808 containers

Claims

Claims:

1. Container for the transport of objects, the following features are included in the package:

That the container contains an interior space for accommodating at least one object,

That the container further comprises at least one sensor for detecting measurement data relating to the object,

• that the container further contains at least one transponder, and

• that the transponder and the sensor are connected to each other.

2. A container according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor is located in the interior.

3. A container according to any one of claims 1 or 2, d a du c h e c e s e s in that the transponder is located farther outside than the sensor.

4. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transponder and the sensor are designed as spatially separated components.

5. Container according to claim 4, characterized in that the transponder and the sensor are at least one Cables are interconnected.

Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transponder and the sensor are interconnected by an electromagnetic coupling means.

A container according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a structure comprising several layers.

8. A container according to claim 7, wherein, at least one layer is located between the sensor and the transponder.

9. A container according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that at least one of the layers absorbs and / or reflects electromagnetic radiation.

Container according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an inner box and an outer box.

11. The container according to claim 10, characterized in that the sensor or at least one of a plurality of sensors is located in the interior of the inner box.

12. A container according to any one of claims 10 or 11, wherein a sensor is at least one sensor between the inner box and the outer box.

13. A container according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein a sensor or at least one of a plurality of sensors is located in the region of the outer box.

14. A container according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein a transponder is located between the inner box and the outer box, at least one transponder.

15. A container according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein, in an unfolded and / or erected state, the outer box is substantially parallelepipedic.

16. The container according to claim 10, wherein at least two opposite side walls (12) and (14) of the outer box have weakening lines (30) extending in the direction of the main axis of the containers (10).

17. A container according to any one of claims 10 to 16, since you rchgeke nn zeic hn et that the outer box on at least two opposite edges and two opposing lines of weakness is foldable.

18. Container according to one or more of claims 10 to 17, characterized in that the inner box is attached to the outer box with at least one tab.

19. The container according to claim 10, wherein the connection between the inner box and the outer box is an adhesive bond.

20. A container according to any one of claims 10 to 19, wherein, for closing, the inner box has at least one flap at least at one end, which flap is connected to the sidewalls via a line of felts.

21. The container according to claim 10, wherein the inner box has four flaps for closing at both ends.

22. The container according to claim 10, wherein the outer box is closed on at least one of the containers

End has at least one flap, which is connected via a FaIz- line with the side walls.

23. A container according to any one of claims 10 to 22, dadurchgekennzeic et hn that the outer box has four flaps for closing at both ends.

24. A container according to any one of the claims, wherein a marked area (191) for applying an address is located on the container (10).

25. Container according to one of the preceding claims, dadur c h gekennz e i c hne t that in the container (10) means for closing the container are.

26. A container according to claim 25, wherein the means for closing the containers are adhesive tapes (140).

Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that cavities between the inner box and the outer box are filled with impact-absorbing materials (130).

28. A container according to claim 27, wherein the impact-absorbing materials are paper, cardboard, foam and / or styrofoam body.

29. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that measurement data of the object are detected by a sensor, that the acquired measured values are transmitted to a transponder and that the transponder transmits state information to a reading unit as a function of the measurement data.

30. A container according to claim 29, wherein a state information is stored.

31. The container of claim 30, wherein: the status information is stored in a storage medium mounted in the container.

32. A method of manufacturing a container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one sensor-transponder unit is introduced into a container or in a blank provided for the production of the container.

33. The method of claim 22, wherein a transponder and the sensor are in two separate housings.

34. Method according to claim 32 or 33, characterized in that the blanks in the finished container form layers of the container.

35. The method according to claim 32, wherein the sensor of the sensor transponder unit and the sensor

Transponder the sensor transponder unit between different blanks are introduced.

36. The method according to claim 32, wherein the container is equipped such that it contains an interior space for receiving the object and that subsequently at least one sensor is introduced into the interior space.

37. The method according to any one of claims 32 to 36, d a d u c h e c e n e c e in that the connecting element includes at least one wire.

38. The method according to claim 32, wherein the connecting element includes at least one optical waveguide.

39. The method of claim 32, wherein: the sensor is closer to the object than the transponder.

40. The method of claim 32, wherein the sensor and the transponder are separated from one another by an intermediate layer.

41. The method according to claim 40, characterized in that the intermediate layer acts thermally insulating.

42. The method according to one or both of claims 40 or 41, characterized in that the intermediate layer has a shock-absorbing effect.

43. Method according to one or more of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that the intermediate layer absorbs electromagnetic radiation.

44. Method according to claim 40, characterized in that the intermediate layer reflects electromagnetic radiation.

45. The method according to claim 32, wherein at least one logistic process takes place in a logistics system as a function of the evaluation.

46. The method according to claim 45, characterized in that the logistical process includes a discharge of the container from a transport process.

47. The method according to claim 45, characterized in that the logistical process includes a choice of another transport route.

48. The method as claimed in one of claims 32 to 47, wherein a position of the transponder is ascertained.

49. The method according to claim 48, characterized in that the position of the container is stored.

50. The method according to claim 49, characterized in that the position is stored in the data processing unit.

51. The method of claim 48, wherein the position of the container is determined and the position of the container is assigned to the status information obtained from the sensor.

52. The method according to claim 32, wherein a power is supplied to the transponder.

53. The method according to claim 52, characterized in that the energy is supplied by the reading unit.

54. Method according to one or both of claims 52 or 53, characterized in that a transmission of the energy from the transponder to the sensor takes place.

55. Method according to one of claims 32 to 54, wherein a signal line between the sensor and the transponder is effected by a connecting element.

56. Use of a container according to one of claims 1 to 34 for transporting objects in a logistics system.

57. Use according to claim 56, wherein a use is made such that the container is transported from a point of dispatch (401) to a receiving location (409).

58. Use according to claim 56, wherein the logistics system has reading means which cooperate with at least one transponder arranged in the container such that measured data of the object detected by a sensor is transmitted to the reading units.