EP2118388A1 - A building element - Google Patents

A building element

Info

Publication number
EP2118388A1
EP2118388A1 EP08712665A EP08712665A EP2118388A1 EP 2118388 A1 EP2118388 A1 EP 2118388A1 EP 08712665 A EP08712665 A EP 08712665A EP 08712665 A EP08712665 A EP 08712665A EP 2118388 A1 EP2118388 A1 EP 2118388A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reinforcement
building unit
lifting devices
bent
unit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08712665A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2118388A4 (en
EP2118388B1 (en
Inventor
Fredrik Sontum
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Selvaag Gruppen AS
Original Assignee
Selvaag Creo AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Selvaag Creo AS filed Critical Selvaag Creo AS
Publication of EP2118388A1 publication Critical patent/EP2118388A1/en
Publication of EP2118388A4 publication Critical patent/EP2118388A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2118388B1 publication Critical patent/EP2118388B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4114—Elements with sockets
    • E04B1/4142—Elements with sockets with transverse hook- or loop-receiving parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E04B7/22—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/142—Means in or on the elements for connecting same to handling apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/005—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with anchoring or fastening elements for the shaped articles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building unit made from super light concrete containing expanded plastic material in a proportion of at least 50 % by volume.
  • a concrete has also been called polyconcrete since the plastic material often consists of expanded polystyrene.
  • such building units have been used to build entire houses of polyconcrete wherein prefabricated wall units are raised on a foundation, which also preferably consists of cast polyconcrete, and are attached to each other, whereupon the house is provided with a roof of similar building units.
  • the wall units may be made so large that they alone can constitute an entire wall surface.
  • the wall units are lifted in place by means of straps which are slung under the lower edge of the wall unit and are attached to U-shaped lifting shoes clasping the lower edge of the unit. No reinforcement of the wall unit is necessary, thus permitting openings for windows and doors to be simply cut out of the wall after mounting on the foundation.
  • the applicant has developed a special frame for guiding a common chainsaw for accurate cutting of the openings.
  • the frame is the subject of Norwegian patent application 20062925.
  • roof units of polyconcrete These must be provided with reinforcement in order to endure snow loads and satisfy regulations regarding maximum permitted deflection.
  • tensile reinforcement alone will serve the purpose, but since the polyconcrete has a low compressive strength, usually in the order of magnitude 100 N/cm 2 , one assumed that it would also be necessary to provide compression reinforcement in order to give the tensile reinforcement sufficient reaction.
  • the roof units are therefore made with tensile reinforcement only and with sufficient thickness to provide the necessary compression resistance.
  • Such a lifting structure would have an insufficient attachment in a wall unit of polyconcrete due to the low strength of the latter.
  • the applicant has taken the step of including an otherwise unnecessary reinforcement net in the wall unit and anchoring the lifting devices in the reinforcement net in such a way that the necessary pull-out strength is obtained.
  • the applicant has utilised the same idea and attached the lifting devices to the reinforcement for in this way to provide the roof unit with corresponding lifting devices.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a perspective view of a wall unit according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows in a similar manner a roof unit according to the invention.
  • the polyconcrete is shown partly transparent in order to show the location of the reinforcement net and the lifting devices.
  • the wall unit 1 in Figure 1 may have a thickness of e.g. 25 cm and has a reinforcement net 2 placed in the middle of the unit.
  • the net may have the designation Kl 31 with a rod diameter of 5 mm and a centre distance of 150 mm.
  • the wall unit has two lifting devices 3, here consisting of a steel rod bent into a rounded V-shape, where the free ends are bent into a hook 4, which from the lower side of the reinforcement net is hooked up around a longitudinal rod of the reinforcement net.
  • the lifting device which e.g. may consist of a 10 mm serrated reinforcement rod, is welded to the reinforcement net 2 before casting the wall unit, not only for holding it in place during the casting, but also in order to transmit the lifting forces to as large a part as possible of the reinforcement net 2.
  • the bend 5 of the lifting device 3 will lie flush with the top side of the finished wall unit.
  • a suitable screening is placed around the bend 5 before the casting in order to keep the casting mass away.
  • Such a screening may be a plastic cup having a slot in the bottom which is pushed a suitable distance down over the bend 5.
  • the lifting devices 3 are located at the lower side of the reinforcement net 2 during the casting. This prevents them from being pulled out of the concrete if they are used in de-forming the unit before the form has been brought into a vertical position.
  • FIG. 1 shows a centred reinforcement net 2, but it will be understood that if the conditions of use make it desirable, it can be replaced by two reinforcement nets located closer to either side of the wall element.
  • the hooks 4 of the lifting devices are to be attached to one net each, and they have to be bent so that the free ends of the hooks point inwards in the wall unit 1.
  • the two nets may be of the same type and dimension as the single, centric net mentioned above.
  • hooks 4 of the lifting devices 3 are hooked around the longitudinal rod which is number five counted from the top side of the element.
  • the invention aims at locating the hooks at a depth from the top side which is at least twice the thickness of the wall unit, thus ensuring a safe anchoring of the lifting devices 3.
  • the roof unit 6 shown in Figure 2 has tensile reinforcement in the form of a net 7, which in most cases will be substantially stronger than the net used in the wall unit 1.
  • the reinforcement net 7 is bent upwards along the short sides of the unit in order to improve the anchoring of the longitudinal rods, which carry the highest load, and increase the sheer strength in the supported areas of the unit.
  • the thickness of the roof unit 6 may vary depending upon its length. For instance, a unit 6 metres long may have a thickness of 40 cm.
  • the roof unit 6 has four lifting devices 8 arranged symmetrically about both the longitudinal and transverse central axes.
  • the lifting devices 8 have the form of an elongated U, where the relatively longer part 9 of the legs of the U is bent through a suitably curved transition into a right angle, the relatively shorter part 10 of the U containing its base portion 11.
  • the relatively longer part 9 of the legs of the lifting device 8 is placed underneath the longitudinal part of the tensile reinforcement 7 and crosses three of its rods.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

A wall unit (1) cast of super light concrete containing at least 50 % by volume expanded plastic material is provided with a reinforcing net (2) which forms the anchorage for lifting devices (3). The lifting devices (3) can have the form of a reinforcing rod being bent at an angle and having a hook (4) at each end for hooking to the reinforcement (2). Furthermore, the lifting devices (3) are welded to the reinforcement (2). A roof unit (6) having generally tensile reinforcement (7) and four lifting devices (8) anchored to the tensile reinforcement is also disclosed.

Description

A Building Unit
The present invention relates to a building unit made from super light concrete containing expanded plastic material in a proportion of at least 50 % by volume. Such a concrete has also been called polyconcrete since the plastic material often consists of expanded polystyrene.
As shown in EP 1747327, such building units have been used to build entire houses of polyconcrete wherein prefabricated wall units are raised on a foundation, which also preferably consists of cast polyconcrete, and are attached to each other, whereupon the house is provided with a roof of similar building units.
Due to the very low specific weight of the polyconcrete, the wall units may be made so large that they alone can constitute an entire wall surface. The wall units are lifted in place by means of straps which are slung under the lower edge of the wall unit and are attached to U-shaped lifting shoes clasping the lower edge of the unit. No reinforcement of the wall unit is necessary, thus permitting openings for windows and doors to be simply cut out of the wall after mounting on the foundation. For this purpose, the applicant has developed a special frame for guiding a common chainsaw for accurate cutting of the openings. The frame is the subject of Norwegian patent application 20062925.
The situation is different for roof units of polyconcrete. These must be provided with reinforcement in order to endure snow loads and satisfy regulations regarding maximum permitted deflection. In ordinary concrete, tensile reinforcement alone will serve the purpose, but since the polyconcrete has a low compressive strength, usually in the order of magnitude 100 N/cm2, one assumed that it would also be necessary to provide compression reinforcement in order to give the tensile reinforcement sufficient reaction. However, very surprisingly it was found that the use of tensile reinforcement in addition to the compression reinforcement led to a higher deflection than with the tensile reinforcement alone. The roof units are therefore made with tensile reinforcement only and with sufficient thickness to provide the necessary compression resistance.
The applicant has found that it would be advantageous to be able to lift the building units without the use of lifting straps. This is so both when the unit is removed from the form and in later handling on the building site. As regards building units of ordinary concrete, it is known to provide wall units with lifting devices in the form of e.g. ears, wire loops or attachment nuts for de-mountable eye hooks. Thus, from EP 0392610 A2 there is known a wall unit of ordinary concrete having insulation plates cast therein, where the concrete is reinforced and at its upper edge is provided with two nuts formed from channel iron for later attachment of eye bolts, where the channel iron nuts are anchored in the concrete by means of short loops of reinforcement rods or the like.
Such a lifting structure would have an insufficient attachment in a wall unit of polyconcrete due to the low strength of the latter. Nor have other previously known attachment devices for wall units of concrete been able to provide sufficient pull-out strength to serve the purpose in a unit of polyconcrete.
In order to solve this problem, the applicant has taken the step of including an otherwise unnecessary reinforcement net in the wall unit and anchoring the lifting devices in the reinforcement net in such a way that the necessary pull-out strength is obtained. For roof units, the applicant has utilised the same idea and attached the lifting devices to the reinforcement for in this way to provide the roof unit with corresponding lifting devices.
The invention is defined in claim 1, and advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
For a better understanding of the invention, it will be described below with reference to the exemplifying embodiments shown schematically in the appended drawings, where
Figure 1 shows schematically a perspective view of a wall unit according to the invention, and
Figure 2 shows in a similar manner a roof unit according to the invention.
In both the exemplifying embodiments the polyconcrete is shown partly transparent in order to show the location of the reinforcement net and the lifting devices.
The wall unit 1 in Figure 1 may have a thickness of e.g. 25 cm and has a reinforcement net 2 placed in the middle of the unit. The net may have the designation Kl 31 with a rod diameter of 5 mm and a centre distance of 150 mm.
The wall unit has two lifting devices 3, here consisting of a steel rod bent into a rounded V-shape, where the free ends are bent into a hook 4, which from the lower side of the reinforcement net is hooked up around a longitudinal rod of the reinforcement net. The lifting device, which e.g. may consist of a 10 mm serrated reinforcement rod, is welded to the reinforcement net 2 before casting the wall unit, not only for holding it in place during the casting, but also in order to transmit the lifting forces to as large a part as possible of the reinforcement net 2.
The bend 5 of the lifting device 3 will lie flush with the top side of the finished wall unit. In order for a suitable part of the bend 5 to be exposed for attachment of lifting hooks or the like, a suitable screening is placed around the bend 5 before the casting in order to keep the casting mass away. Such a screening may be a plastic cup having a slot in the bottom which is pushed a suitable distance down over the bend 5.
It is important that the lifting devices 3 are located at the lower side of the reinforcement net 2 during the casting. This prevents them from being pulled out of the concrete if they are used in de-forming the unit before the form has been brought into a vertical position.
The example in Figure 1 shows a centred reinforcement net 2, but it will be understood that if the conditions of use make it desirable, it can be replaced by two reinforcement nets located closer to either side of the wall element. In this case the hooks 4 of the lifting devices are to be attached to one net each, and they have to be bent so that the free ends of the hooks point inwards in the wall unit 1. The two nets may be of the same type and dimension as the single, centric net mentioned above.
It will be seen that the hooks 4 of the lifting devices 3 are hooked around the longitudinal rod which is number five counted from the top side of the element.
Generally, the invention aims at locating the hooks at a depth from the top side which is at least twice the thickness of the wall unit, thus ensuring a safe anchoring of the lifting devices 3.
The roof unit 6 shown in Figure 2 has tensile reinforcement in the form of a net 7, which in most cases will be substantially stronger than the net used in the wall unit 1. The reinforcement net 7 is bent upwards along the short sides of the unit in order to improve the anchoring of the longitudinal rods, which carry the highest load, and increase the sheer strength in the supported areas of the unit. The thickness of the roof unit 6 may vary depending upon its length. For instance, a unit 6 metres long may have a thickness of 40 cm.
The roof unit 6 has four lifting devices 8 arranged symmetrically about both the longitudinal and transverse central axes. The lifting devices 8 have the form of an elongated U, where the relatively longer part 9 of the legs of the U is bent through a suitably curved transition into a right angle, the relatively shorter part 10 of the U containing its base portion 11. The relatively longer part 9 of the legs of the lifting device 8 is placed underneath the longitudinal part of the tensile reinforcement 7 and crosses three of its rods.
Also in this case it will be advantageous to weld the lifting devices 8 to the reinforcement 7. Furthermore, it will be of advantage that the transverse reinforcement rods 12 lie above the longitudinal reinforcement rods 13.
It will be understood that when casting the roof unit 6, care is taken that the top portion 11 of the lifting devices 8 remains exposed even if its top edge lies at the same level as the top surface of the roof unit 6. Furthermore, it will be understood that the relatively longer part 9 of the legs of the U do not have to be parallel, but may diverge in a manner similar to that of the lifting devices 3 of the wall unit.
Even though the invention has been described above in relation to two specific exemplifying embodiments, it will be clear to the skilled person that the invention may be varied and modified within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A building unit made from a light concrete material containing at least 50 % by volume expanded plastic material, said building unit (1,6) having substantially the form of a plate, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n t h a t the building unit (1,6) is provided with lifting devices (3,8) which each are anchored to reinforcement (2,7) in the building unit (1,6) in at least six points.
2. A building unit according to claim 1, wherein the lifting devices (3,8) are bent at least partially around the reinforcement (2,7) to which they are anchored.
3. A building unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lifting devices (3,8) are welded to the reinforcement (2,7).
4. A building unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcement (2,7) is constituted substantially of one or more reinforcing nets.
5. A building unit according to one of claims 2-4, wherein the building unit is a wall unit (1) having two lifting devices (3) arranged at an edge of the wall unit (1), each of the lifting devices (3) having the form of a steel rod bent at an angle and having bent free ends (4), said ends (4) being anchored in the reinforcement (2) at a depth which is preferably at least equal to twice the thickness of the wall unit (1).
6. A building unit according to one of claims 2-4, wherein the building unit is a roof element (6) having the reinforcement (7) arranged substantially as tensile reinforcement.
7. A building unit according to claim 6, wherein the roof unit (6) has a rectangular form and has the tensile reinforcement (7) bent upwards at least at the short sides of the unit (6).
8. A building unit according to claim 6 or 7, wherein each of the lifting devices (8) comprises a steel rod bent substantially like a U, the legs of the U having a portion (9) bent at an angle and arranged underneath the reinforcement (7) and preferably being attached thereto by welding.
9. A building unit according to claim 5 or 8, wherein the steel rod has a thickness in the order to magnitude 10 mm and forms a lifting eye (5,11) which is recessed into the surface of the building unit (1,6).
EP08712665.2A 2007-02-08 2008-02-08 A building element Active EP2118388B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20070758A NO333001B1 (en) 2007-02-08 2007-02-08 building Element
PCT/NO2008/000049 WO2008097102A1 (en) 2007-02-08 2008-02-08 A building element

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2118388A1 true EP2118388A1 (en) 2009-11-18
EP2118388A4 EP2118388A4 (en) 2014-03-12
EP2118388B1 EP2118388B1 (en) 2019-11-06

Family

ID=39681913

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08712665.2A Active EP2118388B1 (en) 2007-02-08 2008-02-08 A building element

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2118388B1 (en)
DK (1) DK2118388T3 (en)
NO (1) NO333001B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008097102A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE534087C2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2011-04-26 Epscement Internat Ab Method for lifting lightweight concrete elements and a lightweight concrete element.
DE102012219209A1 (en) * 2012-10-22 2014-04-24 Areva Gmbh Wall element for prefabricated buildings
NO339881B1 (en) * 2015-05-27 2017-02-13 Polybo As Cover element and method of making the same
NO342534B1 (en) * 2016-06-14 2018-06-11 Polybo As A connecting means of a building structure and a method of using same
WO2017217863A1 (en) * 2016-06-14 2017-12-21 Polybo As A building structure connecting means and a method of using same
US11352780B2 (en) 2019-05-07 2022-06-07 Thermacrete Llc Autoclave aerated concrete structures with embedded hangers and connectors
US11499306B2 (en) 2019-10-03 2022-11-15 Thermacrete Llc Differential settlement anchors
CN111993569B (en) * 2020-08-26 2021-12-10 广东博智林机器人有限公司 Method for automatically erecting lifting hook and forming equipment

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3322517A1 (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-01-24 Helmut Bühl Prefabricated ceiling and wall elements
DE19743412A1 (en) * 1997-10-01 1999-06-10 Josef Dipl Ing Behrens Fixture part for use as anchoring, transport and installation tab for ready-made parts
EP1382759A1 (en) * 2002-07-16 2004-01-21 Manufacture Logie, Sarl Prefabricated construction elements for a building and building with such elements
US20040098934A1 (en) * 2001-02-21 2004-05-27 Geoffrey Lawson Load bearing building panel
GB2428434A (en) * 2005-07-22 2007-01-31 Henley Consultants Ltd Modular floor units

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000303599A (en) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-31 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Lightweight cellular concrete panel and installing method therefor
FR2865228B1 (en) * 2004-01-15 2006-03-24 Soprel METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PRECONTRATED CONCRETE SLABS EQUIPPED WITH LIFTING AND HANDLING BUCKLES AND SLABS OBTAINED FOLLOWING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SAID METHOD

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3322517A1 (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-01-24 Helmut Bühl Prefabricated ceiling and wall elements
DE19743412A1 (en) * 1997-10-01 1999-06-10 Josef Dipl Ing Behrens Fixture part for use as anchoring, transport and installation tab for ready-made parts
US20040098934A1 (en) * 2001-02-21 2004-05-27 Geoffrey Lawson Load bearing building panel
EP1382759A1 (en) * 2002-07-16 2004-01-21 Manufacture Logie, Sarl Prefabricated construction elements for a building and building with such elements
GB2428434A (en) * 2005-07-22 2007-01-31 Henley Consultants Ltd Modular floor units

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2008097102A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2118388A4 (en) 2014-03-12
NO333001B1 (en) 2013-02-11
DK2118388T3 (en) 2020-02-17
EP2118388B1 (en) 2019-11-06
WO2008097102A1 (en) 2008-08-14
NO20070758L (en) 2008-08-11

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