EP2116723B1 - Piston compressor - Google Patents

Piston compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2116723B1
EP2116723B1 EP09159238.6A EP09159238A EP2116723B1 EP 2116723 B1 EP2116723 B1 EP 2116723B1 EP 09159238 A EP09159238 A EP 09159238A EP 2116723 B1 EP2116723 B1 EP 2116723B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connection
cylinder
compression cylinder
suction
piston
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Active
Application number
EP09159238.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2116723A2 (en
EP2116723A3 (en
Inventor
Paul Jansen
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NEUMAN & ESSER GMBH & CO. KG
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NEUMAN & ESSER & Co KG GmbH
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Publication of EP2116723A3 publication Critical patent/EP2116723A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/123—Fluid connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04B25/005—Multi-stage pumps with two cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/08—Actuation of distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/122—Cylinder block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/125—Cylinder heads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston compressor with at least one compression cylinder with a piston and with a pressure port and a suction port.
  • the compression cylinders of such reciprocating compressors which are designed for pressures of about 20 bar to 450 bar, are often no longer produced as a sand mold casting.
  • connection of the cover and crank-side valve chambers are made by a longitudinal bore.
  • the suction and pressure ports are located in the area between the respective valve chambers or directly to the respective valve chambers.
  • the accessibility the space surrounding the compression cylinder is severely affected by the pressure and suction pipes emerging from the suction and pressure ports.
  • FIG. 1 shows a double-acting compression cylinder 10 according to the prior art, as he also for example from the US 2,034,159 is known.
  • the compression cylinder 10 has centrally a cylinder chamber 25, in which the piston 30 is arranged to be movable in the longitudinal direction. On both sides of the piston 30, two compression spaces 20a, 20b are formed. The front side of this cylinder chamber 25 is closed gas-tight by a cylinder cover 13.
  • the compression cylinder 10 has in the cylinder wall 24 a suction port 18 and opposite a pressure port 19, each opening into a connecting channel 17a and 17b.
  • Valve chambers 15a to 15d with valves 16a to 16d, which are connected to the cylinder chamber 25 via corresponding channels, are respectively arranged at the two ends of the connecting channels 17a, 17b extending in the longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • the connecting channels 17a and 17b adjacent to the valve chambers 15b, 15c on the chambers 22a and 22b are open at the front. They must therefore be closed by separate cover 14a, 14b on the front end 12a.
  • the cylinder space 25 is closed by means of a cover 26 with a seal for the piston rod 32.
  • the cylinder space 25 is executed as a blind hole. In this case, the piston rod is guided through the cylinder bottom by means of a smaller bore. The final cover 26 is thus eliminated.
  • the lateral connections 18 and 19 have a considerable influence on the external dimensions of the compression cylinder 10.
  • Significant disadvantages of this construction are an increase in the size of the semi-finished products and a severe restriction of accessibility in vertically arranged compressor systems. In horizontal compressors, the compression cylinders are often supported towards the foundation, often obstruct the lying below the pressure nozzle container this support.
  • compressors such as from the US 2,514,223 known, in which the pressure and suction ports are arranged on opposite end faces.
  • Significant disadvantages of these designs are also here in a compelling enlargement of the structures.
  • both the compression cylinder and the piston length are shortened considerably, which correspondingly reduces the procurement costs of the semi-finished products.
  • the compression cylinder is a double-acting compression cylinder.
  • the compression cylinder on the intake side and the pressure side in each case two spaced in the direction of the cylinder axis valve chambers, which in each case via an outwardly closed connection channel with each other are connected.
  • Under a closed to the outside connection channel is a channel understood, the z. B. is not accessible via lateral holes or channels.
  • a pressure-side valve chamber is connected to the pressure connection via a connection chamber and a suction-side valve chamber is connected to the suction connection via a connection chamber.
  • the connecting channels, the cylinder chamber and the piston can be made significantly shorter. Shortening from 20% up to 30% is possible.
  • the laying of the connections to the front side can be used in particular for the double-acting compression cylinders for a much more compact design.
  • the compression cylinder has a piston rod arranged on one side on the piston, wherein the pressure connection and the suction connection are arranged on the end face of the compression cylinder facing away from the piston rod.
  • the connections are in a freely accessible end, namely the front end side of the compression cylinder, which further simplifies the piping.
  • the compression cylinder made of steel, in particular forged steel, wherein the connecting channel and the connection chamber are formed by a single bore.
  • the manufacturing process is considerably simplified because the additional production of separate pipe connections on the cylinder wall is eliminated.
  • Compressors with such forged steel existing compression cylinders are preferably used in pressure ranges from 100 bar to 450 bar.
  • the compression cylinder consists of a cast-iron block.
  • the connecting channels and the connecting chambers are also manufactured here according to the steel cylinder by mechanical processing. Compressors with such compression cylinders are preferably used in the range of 20 bar to 99 bar.
  • connection channels only precast over simple model casting, but not machined more.
  • the cylinders according to the invention can be used in horizontal, vertical as well as in compressors in V-type.
  • Such compressors are used in the compression of all gases, preferably in the chemical, petrochemical, and in the pharmaceutical industry as well as in natural gas storage.
  • FIG. 2 In the FIG. 2 is a horizontal compressor 1 is shown having in the middle of a motor-driven crank mechanism 2 and laterally adjacent thereto two compression units, each of so-called. Intermediate pieces 3a, 3b and a double acting compression cylinder 100 consist of two compression spaces 120 a, b on both sides of the piston 130 has.
  • the compression cylinders 100 each have a piston 130 in the cylinder chamber 125 which is connected to the engine 2 via a piston rod 132.
  • the cylinder 100 is in FIG. 3 shown enlarged. It can be seen that the compression cylinder 100 is made significantly shorter than that in the compression cylinder 10 according to the FIG. 1 According to the prior art is the case. The shortening here is about 23%.
  • valve chambers 115a to 115d In the cylinder wall 124 are the valve chambers 115a to 115d with the valves 116a to 116d.
  • valve chambers 115a, 115b In the upper part of the representation of the FIG. 3 is the suction-side arrangement of the valve chambers 115a, 115b with the suction-side port 118.
  • the two valve chambers 115a and 115b are connected to each other by means of the connecting channel 117a, which is closed to the outside. In the solution according to the invention, it is not necessary to provide the suction connection in the region of the connecting channel 117a.
  • the valve chambers 115a, 115b are closed by valve covers, not shown.
  • the connection chamber 122a In the extension of the connecting channel 117a is the connection chamber 122a, which ends at the suction port 118.
  • valve chambers 115c and 115d are connected to each other by a connecting channel 117b. Also this channel is completed to the outside. Also in the extension is the connection chamber 122b and the pressure-side port 119.
  • the Indian FIG. 3 Compression cylinder 100 shown may be made of a steel block, for example.
  • the connection channels 117a, b and the chambers 122a and 122b are each formed by a single bore from the front end face 112a brought in. Additional holes for the pressure connection and the suction connection are therefore not required.
  • the cylinder chamber 125 is closed by the cylinder cover 113.
  • the rear end face 112b is designed as a solid cylinder bottom 126 without a cover with a receiving bore for the piston rod seal, which is not shown here.
  • FIG. 4 a side view of a vertical compressor 1 is shown.
  • the compression cylinder 100 protrudes vertically upwards and has the suction port 118 and the pressure port 119 at the front end 112a. From these ports 118 and 119, the corresponding suction and pressure pipes 140, 142 descend upward, whereby the space 5 surrounding the compression cylinder 100 is significantly increased so that operators can stand upright there to perform maintenance.
  • the provided in the prior art suction and pressure ports 18 and 19 are in the FIG. 4 dashed lines.
  • FIG. 4 see provided for the compressor stage Saugpulsationsdämpfer 143 and required for the cooling of the compressed gas heat exchanger 144.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kolbenkompressor mit mindestens einem Kompressionszylinder mit einem Kolben sowie mit einem Druckanschluss und einem Sauganschluss.The invention relates to a piston compressor with at least one compression cylinder with a piston and with a pressure port and a suction port.

Die Kompressionszylinder solcher Kolbenkompressoren, die für Drücke von ca. 20 bar bis 450 bar ausgelegt sind, werden häufig nicht mehr als Sandformguss hergestellt.The compression cylinders of such reciprocating compressors, which are designed for pressures of about 20 bar to 450 bar, are often no longer produced as a sand mold casting.

Als Halbzeuge kommen geschmiedete Stahlblöcke oder für niedrige Druckbereiche bis zu Bohrungsdurchmessern von etwa 500 mm auch gusseiserne Blöcke, Kokillen bzw. einfache Modellgussblöcke zur Anwendung.As semi-finished forged steel blocks or for low pressure ranges up to bore diameters of about 500 mm cast-iron blocks, molds or simple model casting blocks are used.

Bei dieser Art der Zylinderkonstruktion müssen alle Gasräume und Kanäle, die beim üblichen Modellguss durch das Einlegen der Sandkerne gebildet werden, durch teilweise aufwendige Bohrungen oder Fräsarbeiten während der mechanischen Fertigung eingebracht werden.In this type of cylinder design, all gas chambers and channels that are formed in the conventional model casting by inserting the sand cores must be introduced by partially consuming drilling or milling during mechanical manufacturing.

So muss z. B. bei doppelt wirkenden Kompressionszylindern die Verbindung der deckel- und kurbelseitigen Ventilkammern durch eine Längsbohrung hergestellt werden.So z. B. in double-acting compression cylinders, the connection of the cover and crank-side valve chambers are made by a longitudinal bore.

Diese Verbindungsbohrungen müssen am stirnseitigen Ende der Kompressionszylinder durch Deckel - ähnlich den Ventildeckeln - gasdicht verschlossen werden. Diese gasdichte Ausführung erfordert insbesondere bei hohen Betriebsdrücken eine aufwendige konstruktive Lösung.These connecting bores must be sealed gas-tight at the front end of the compression cylinder by cover - similar to the valve covers. This gas-tight design requires a complex design solution, especially at high operating pressures.

Die Saug- und Druckanschlüsse sind im Bereich zwischen den jeweiligen Ventilkammern oder direkt an den betreffenden Ventilkammern angeordnet. Die Zugänglichkeit des den Kompressionszylinder umgebenden Raums wird durch die von den Saug- und Druckanschlüssen abgehenden Druck- und Saugrohren stark beeinträchtigt.The suction and pressure ports are located in the area between the respective valve chambers or directly to the respective valve chambers. The accessibility the space surrounding the compression cylinder is severely affected by the pressure and suction pipes emerging from the suction and pressure ports.

Die Figur 1 zeigt einen doppelt wirkenden Kompressionszylinder 10 nach dem Stand der Technik, wie er beispielsweise auch aus der US 2,034,159 bekannt ist.The FIG. 1 shows a double-acting compression cylinder 10 according to the prior art, as he also for example from the US 2,034,159 is known.

Der Kompressionszylinder 10 besitzt mittig eine Zylinderkammer 25, in der der Kolben 30 in Längsrichtung beweglich angeordnet ist. Beidseitig des Kolbens 30 werden zwei Kompressionsräume 20a, 20b gebildet. Stirnseitig ist diese Zylinderkammer 25 durch einen Zylinder-Deckel 13 gasdicht abgeschlossen. Der Kompressionszylinder 10 besitzt in der Zylinderwand 24 einen Sauganschluss 18 und gegenüberliegend einen Druckanschluss 19, die jeweils in einen Verbindungskanal 17a bzw. 17b münden. An den beiden Enden der sich in Längsrichtung parallel zur Längsachse erstreckenden Verbindungskanäle 17a, 17b sind jeweils Ventilkammern 15a bis 15d mit Ventilen 16a bis 16d angeordnet, die über entsprechende Kanäle mit der Zylinderkammer 25 verbunden sind. Herstellungsbedingt sind die Verbindungskanäle 17a und 17 b benachbart zu den Ventilkammern 15b, 15c an den Kammern 22a und 22b stirnseitig offen. Sie müssen also durch separate Deckel 14a, 14b an der vorderen Stirnseite 12a verschlossen werden. An der hinteren Stirnseite 12b wird der Zylinderraum 25 mittels eines Deckels 26 mit einer Abdichtung für die Kolbenstange 32 abgeschlossen. Bei einer anderen Konstruktionsart wird der Zylinderraum 25 als Sackloch-Bohrung ausgeführt. In diesem Fall wird die Kolbenstange mittels einer kleineren Bohrung durch den Zylinderboden geführt. Der abschließende Deckel 26 entfällt somit.The compression cylinder 10 has centrally a cylinder chamber 25, in which the piston 30 is arranged to be movable in the longitudinal direction. On both sides of the piston 30, two compression spaces 20a, 20b are formed. The front side of this cylinder chamber 25 is closed gas-tight by a cylinder cover 13. The compression cylinder 10 has in the cylinder wall 24 a suction port 18 and opposite a pressure port 19, each opening into a connecting channel 17a and 17b. Valve chambers 15a to 15d with valves 16a to 16d, which are connected to the cylinder chamber 25 via corresponding channels, are respectively arranged at the two ends of the connecting channels 17a, 17b extending in the longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal axis. Due to the production, the connecting channels 17a and 17b adjacent to the valve chambers 15b, 15c on the chambers 22a and 22b are open at the front. They must therefore be closed by separate cover 14a, 14b on the front end 12a. At the rear end face 12b, the cylinder space 25 is closed by means of a cover 26 with a seal for the piston rod 32. In another type of construction, the cylinder space 25 is executed as a blind hole. In this case, the piston rod is guided through the cylinder bottom by means of a smaller bore. The final cover 26 is thus eliminated.

Die seitlichen Anschlüsse 18 und 19 haben einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die äußeren Abmessungen des Kompressionszylinders 10. Wesentliche Nachteile dieser Konstruktion liegen in einer Vergrößerung der Halbzeuge sowie in einer starken Einschränkung der Begehbarkeit bei vertikal angeordneten Kompressoranlagen. Bei horizontalen Kompressoren, deren Kompressionszylinder häufig zum Fundament hin abgestützt werden, behindern häufig die unterhalb des Druckstutzens liegenden Behälter diese Abstützung.The lateral connections 18 and 19 have a considerable influence on the external dimensions of the compression cylinder 10. Significant disadvantages of this construction are an increase in the size of the semi-finished products and a severe restriction of accessibility in vertically arranged compressor systems. In horizontal compressors, the compression cylinders are often supported towards the foundation, often obstruct the lying below the pressure nozzle container this support.

Des Weiteren sind Kompressoren wie beispielsweise aus der US 2,514,223 bekannt, bei denen die Druck- und Sauganschlüsse an gegenüberliegenden Stirnseiten angeordnet sind. Wesentliche Nachteile dieser Konstruktionen liegen auch hier in einer zwingenden Vergrößerung der Konstruktionen.Furthermore, compressors such as from the US 2,514,223 known, in which the pressure and suction ports are arranged on opposite end faces. Significant disadvantages of these designs are also here in a compelling enlargement of the structures.

Aus der DE-AS 10 83 480 ist ein zweistufiger, einseitig wirkender Kolbenkompressor bekannt, der zwei Saugventile aufweist, die in der Stirnfläche des Zylinders und im Kurbelgehäuse angeordnet sind.From the DE-AS 10 83 480 is known a two-stage, one-way piston compressor having two suction valves, which are arranged in the end face of the cylinder and in the crankcase.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Kompressor bereitzustellen, der kompakter und platzsparender sowie kostengünstiger ausgestaltet ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a compressor that is designed to be more compact and space-saving and cost-effective.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Kompressor mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with a compressor having the features of claim 1.

Aufgrund der veränderten Anordnung der Saug- und Druckanschlüsse werden sowohl die Kompressionszylinder- als auch die Kolbenlänge erheblich verkürzt, was die Beschaffungskosten der Halbzeuge entsprechend reduziert. Gleiches gilt für die Zylinderlaufbuchse und die Kolbenstange.Due to the changed arrangement of the suction and pressure connections, both the compression cylinder and the piston length are shortened considerably, which correspondingly reduces the procurement costs of the semi-finished products. The same applies to the cylinder liner and the piston rod.

Aufgrund der geringen Masse der Zylinder und der aus der Zylinderverkürzung resultierenden geringen Kolbenmasse werden sowohl die statische Belastung für das Fundament als auch die dynamisch wirkenden Massenkräfte der Maschine deutlich reduziert.Due to the low mass of the cylinder and the resulting from the cylinder shortening low piston mass both the static load on the foundation and the dynamically acting mass forces of the machine are significantly reduced.

Insbesondere bei vertikalen Kompressoranlagen kann durch die erfinderisch Anordnung von Saug- und Druckanschluss die Rohrleitungsführung so verändert werden, dass ein ausreichender Arbeitsraum für Inspektion und Montagearbeiten zur Verfügung steht.In particular, in vertical compressor systems can be changed by the inventive arrangement of suction and pressure connection, the pipe guide so that a sufficient working space for inspection and installation work is available.

Der Kompressionszylinder ist ein doppelt wirkender Kompressionszylinder.The compression cylinder is a double-acting compression cylinder.

Bei dieser Ausführungsform weist der Kompressionszylinder saugseitig und druckseitig jeweils zwei in Richtung der Zylinderachse beabstandet angeordnete Ventilkammern auf, die über jeweils einen nach außen abgeschlossenen Verbindungskanal miteinander verbunden sind. Unter einem nach außen abgeschlossenen Verbindungskanal wird ein Kanal verstanden, der z. B. nicht über seitliche Bohrungen oder Kanäle zugänglich ist. Jeweils eine druckseitige Ventilkammer ist über eine Anschlusskammer mit dem Druckanschluss und eine saugseitige Ventilkammer ist über eine Anschlusskammer mit dem Sauganschluss verbunden.In this embodiment, the compression cylinder on the intake side and the pressure side in each case two spaced in the direction of the cylinder axis valve chambers, which in each case via an outwardly closed connection channel with each other are connected. Under a closed to the outside connection channel is a channel understood, the z. B. is not accessible via lateral holes or channels. In each case, a pressure-side valve chamber is connected to the pressure connection via a connection chamber and a suction-side valve chamber is connected to the suction connection via a connection chamber.

Durch den Wegfall der seitlich an der Zylinderwand vorgesehenen Anschlüsse können die Verbindungskanäle, die Zylinderkammer und der Kolben deutlich kürzer ausgeführt werden. Es sind Verkürzungen von 20 % bis zu 30 % möglich.By eliminating the side of the cylinder wall provided connections, the connecting channels, the cylinder chamber and the piston can be made significantly shorter. Shortening from 20% up to 30% is possible.

Die Verlegung der Anschlüsse an die Stirnseite kann insbesondere bei den doppelt wirkenden Kompressionszylindern für eine deutlich kompaktere Bauweise genutzt werden.The laying of the connections to the front side can be used in particular for the double-acting compression cylinders for a much more compact design.

Vorzugsweise weist der Kompressionszylinder eine einseitig am Kolben angeordnete Kolbenstange auf, wobei der Druckanschluss und der Sauganschluss an der der Kolbenstange abgewandten Stirnseite des Kompressionszylinders angeordnet sind. Die Anschlüsse liegen in einer frei zugänglichen Stirnseite, nämlich der vorderen Stirnseite des Kompressionszylinders, was die Rohrleitungsführung weiter vereinfacht.Preferably, the compression cylinder has a piston rod arranged on one side on the piston, wherein the pressure connection and the suction connection are arranged on the end face of the compression cylinder facing away from the piston rod. The connections are in a freely accessible end, namely the front end side of the compression cylinder, which further simplifies the piping.

Vorzugsweise besteht der Kompressionszylinder aus Stahl, insbesondere aus Schmiedestahl, wobei der Verbindungskanal und die Anschlusskammer durch eine einzige Bohrung gebildet sind. Der Herstellvorgang wird erheblich vereinfacht, weil die zusätzliche Herstellung gesonderter Rohrleitungsanschlüsse an der Zylinderwand entfällt.Preferably, the compression cylinder made of steel, in particular forged steel, wherein the connecting channel and the connection chamber are formed by a single bore. The manufacturing process is considerably simplified because the additional production of separate pipe connections on the cylinder wall is eliminated.

Kompressoren mit solchen aus Schmiedestahl bestehenden Kompressionszylindern werden vorzugsweise in Druckbereichen von 100 bar bis 450 bar eingesetzt.Compressors with such forged steel existing compression cylinders are preferably used in pressure ranges from 100 bar to 450 bar.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform besteht der Kompressions-zylinder aus einem gusseisernen Block. Die Verbindungskanäle und die Anschlusskammern werden auch hier entsprechend dem Stahlzylinder durch mechanische Bearbeitung hergestellt. Kompressoren mit derartigen Kompressionszylindern werden vorzugsweise im Bereich von 20 bar bis 99 bar eingesetzt.According to a further embodiment, the compression cylinder consists of a cast-iron block. The connecting channels and the connecting chambers are also manufactured here according to the steel cylinder by mechanical processing. Compressors with such compression cylinders are preferably used in the range of 20 bar to 99 bar.

Die durch die geänderte Anordnung der Saug- und Druckanschlüsse erzielte Kostenreduzierung kann dadurch noch gesteigert werden, dass die Verbindungskanäle über einfachen Modellguss lediglich vorgegossen, nicht aber mehr mechanisch bearbeitet werden.The achieved by the changed arrangement of the suction and pressure connections cost reduction can be further increased that the connection channels only precast over simple model casting, but not machined more.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Zylinder sind in horizontalen, vertikalen als auch in Kompressoren in V-Bauart verwendbar.The cylinders according to the invention can be used in horizontal, vertical as well as in compressors in V-type.

Solche Kompressoren werden bei der Verdichtung sämtlicher Gase, vorzugsweise in der chemischen, petrochemischen, und in der pharmazeutischen Industrie als auch bei der Erdgasspeicherung eingesetzt.Such compressors are used in the compression of all gases, preferably in the chemical, petrochemical, and in the pharmaceutical industry as well as in natural gas storage.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert.Advantageous embodiments will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Kompressionszylinder gemäß dem Stand der Technik
Figur 2
eine schematische Darstellung eines horizontalen Kompressors im Schnitt,
Figur 3
einen Schnitt durch einen der in Figur 2 gezeigten Kompressionszylinder mit eingebautem Kolben und Kolbenstange,
Figur 4
einen vertikalen Kompressor in Seitenansicht.
Show it:
FIG. 1
a compression cylinder according to the prior art
FIG. 2
a schematic representation of a horizontal compressor in section,
FIG. 3
a section through one of the in FIG. 2 shown compression cylinder with built-in piston and piston rod,
FIG. 4
a vertical compressor in side view.

In der Figur 2 ist ein horizontaler Kompressor 1 dargestellt, der in der Mitte einen durch einen Motor angetriebenen Kurbeltrieb 2 und seitlich davon angrenzend zwei Kompressionseinheiten aufweist, die jeweils aus sog. Zwischenstücken 3a, 3b und einem doppelt wirkenden Kompressionszylinder 100 bestehen, der zwei Kompressionsräume 120 a, b beidseitig des Kolbens130 aufweist.In the FIG. 2 is a horizontal compressor 1 is shown having in the middle of a motor-driven crank mechanism 2 and laterally adjacent thereto two compression units, each of so-called. Intermediate pieces 3a, 3b and a double acting compression cylinder 100 consist of two compression spaces 120 a, b on both sides of the piston 130 has.

Die Kompressionszylinder 100 weisen in der Zylinderkammer 125 jeweils einen Kolben 130 auf, der über eine Kolbenstange 132 mit dem Triebwerk 2 verbunden ist.The compression cylinders 100 each have a piston 130 in the cylinder chamber 125 which is connected to the engine 2 via a piston rod 132.

Der Zylinder 100 ist in Figur 3 vergrößert dargestellt. Es ist zu sehen, dass der Kompressionszylinder 100 deutlich kürzer ausgeführt ist, als dies bei dem Kompressionszylinder 10 gemäß der Figur 1 nach dem Stand der Technik der Fall ist. Die Verkürzung beträgt hier ca. 23 %.The cylinder 100 is in FIG. 3 shown enlarged. It can be seen that the compression cylinder 100 is made significantly shorter than that in the compression cylinder 10 according to the FIG. 1 According to the prior art is the case. The shortening here is about 23%.

In der Zylinderwand 124 befinden sich die Ventilkammern 115a bis 115d mit den Ventilen 116a bis 116d.In the cylinder wall 124 are the valve chambers 115a to 115d with the valves 116a to 116d.

Im oberen Teil der Darstellung der Figur 3 befindet sich die saugseitige Anordnung der Ventilkammern 115a, 115b mit dem saugseitigen Anschluss 118. Die beiden Ventilkammern 115a und 115b sind mittels des Verbindungskanals 117a miteinander verbunden, der nach außen hin abgeschlossen ist. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ist es nicht erforderlich, im Bereich des Verbindungskanals 117a den Sauganschluss vorzusehen. Die Ventilkammern 115a, 115b sind durch nicht gezeigte Ventildeckel verschlossen. In der Verlängerung des Verbindungskanals 117a befindet sich die Anschlusskammer 122a, die am Sauganschluss 118 endet.In the upper part of the representation of the FIG. 3 is the suction-side arrangement of the valve chambers 115a, 115b with the suction-side port 118. The two valve chambers 115a and 115b are connected to each other by means of the connecting channel 117a, which is closed to the outside. In the solution according to the invention, it is not necessary to provide the suction connection in the region of the connecting channel 117a. The valve chambers 115a, 115b are closed by valve covers, not shown. In the extension of the connecting channel 117a is the connection chamber 122a, which ends at the suction port 118.

Im unteren Teil der Darstellung der Figur 3 ist die druckseitige Anordnung der Ventilkammern 115c und 115d dargestellt. Auch diese beiden Kammern sind durch einen Verbindungskanal 117b miteinander verbunden. Auch dieser Kanal ist nach außen abgeschlossen. Ebenfalls in der Verlängerung befindet sich die Anschlusskammer 122b und der druckseitige Anschluss 119.In the lower part of the representation of the FIG. 3 the pressure-side arrangement of the valve chambers 115c and 115d is shown. These two chambers are connected to each other by a connecting channel 117b. Also this channel is completed to the outside. Also in the extension is the connection chamber 122b and the pressure-side port 119.

Der in der Figur 3 gezeigte Kompressionszylinder 100 kann beispielsweise aus einem Stahlblock hergestellt sein. Die Verbindungskanäle 117a, b sowie die Kammern 122a und 122b werden durch jeweils eine einzige Bohrung von der vorderen Stirnseite 112a eingebracht. Zusätzliche Bohrungen für den Druckanschluss und den Sauganschluss sind somit nicht erforderlich.The Indian FIG. 3 Compression cylinder 100 shown may be made of a steel block, for example. The connection channels 117a, b and the chambers 122a and 122b are each formed by a single bore from the front end face 112a brought in. Additional holes for the pressure connection and the suction connection are therefore not required.

Die Zylinderkammer 125 wird durch den Zylinder-Deckel 113 verschlossen.The cylinder chamber 125 is closed by the cylinder cover 113.

Die hintere Stirnseite 112b ist als fester Zylinderboden 126 ohne Deckel mit einer Aufnahmebohrung für die Kolbenstangendichtung, die hier nicht gezeigt ist, ausgeführt.The rear end face 112b is designed as a solid cylinder bottom 126 without a cover with a receiving bore for the piston rod seal, which is not shown here.

In der Figur 4 ist eine Seitenansicht eines vertikalen Kompressors 1 dargestellt. Der Kompressionszylinder 100 ragt senkrecht nach oben und besitzt an der vorderen Stirnseite 112a den Sauganschluss 118 und den Druckanschluss 119. Von diesen Anschlüssen 118 und 119 gehen die entsprechenden Saug- und Druckrohre 140, 142 nach oben ab, wodurch der den Kompressionszylinder 100 umgebende Raum 5 deutlich vergrößert wird, so dass Bedienungspersonal dort aufrecht zur Ausführung von Wartungsarbeiten stehen kann. Die gemäß Stand der Technik vorgesehenen Saug- und Druckanschlüsse 18 und 19 sind in der Figur 4 gestrichelt eingezeichnet. Weiterhin sind in der Figur 4 der für die Verdichterstufe vorgesehene Saugpulsationsdämpfer 143 sowie der für das Abkühlen des verdichteten Gases benötigte Wärmetauscher 144 zu sehen.In the FIG. 4 a side view of a vertical compressor 1 is shown. The compression cylinder 100 protrudes vertically upwards and has the suction port 118 and the pressure port 119 at the front end 112a. From these ports 118 and 119, the corresponding suction and pressure pipes 140, 142 descend upward, whereby the space 5 surrounding the compression cylinder 100 is significantly increased so that operators can stand upright there to perform maintenance. The provided in the prior art suction and pressure ports 18 and 19 are in the FIG. 4 dashed lines. Furthermore, in the FIG. 4 see provided for the compressor stage Saugpulsationsdämpfer 143 and required for the cooling of the compressed gas heat exchanger 144.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Kolbenkompressorpiston compressor
22
Kurbeltriebcrankshaft
3a,b3a, b
Zwischenstückconnecting piece
55
Umgebungsraumsurrounding space
10,10010,100
Kompressionszylindercompression cylinder
12a, 112a12a, 112a
vordere Stirnseitefront end
12b, 112b12b, 112b
hintere Stirnseiterear end face
13, 11313, 113
Zylinderdeckelcylinder cover
14a,b14a, b
Deckelcover
15a-d, 115a-d15a-d, 115a-d
Ventilkammervalve chamber
16a-d, 116a-d16a-d, 116a-d
VentilValve
17a.b, 117a,b17a.b, 117a, b
Verbindungskanalconnecting channel
18, 11818, 118
Sauganschlusssuction
19, 11919, 119
Druckanschlusspressure connection
20a,b, 120a,b20a, b, 120a, b
Kompressionsraumcompression chamber
22a, b22a, b
Kammerchamber
122a,b122a, b
Anschlusskammerterminal chamber
24, 12424, 124
Zylinderwandcylinder wall
25, 12525, 125
Zylinderkammercylinder chamber
2626
Deckelcover
126126
Zylinderbodencylinder base
30, 13030, 130
Kolbenpiston
32, 13232, 132
Kolbenstangepiston rod
140140
Saugrohrsuction tube
142142
Druckrohrpressure pipe
143143
SaugpulsationsdämpferSaugpulsationsdämpfer
144144
Wärmetauscherheat exchangers

Claims (4)

  1. Piston compressor (1) comprising at least one compression cylinder (100) which has a piston (130) and a suction connection (118) and a delivery connection (119), the compression cylinder (100) being a double-acting compression cylinder, the compression cylinder (100) having at both the suction side and the delivery side two valve chambers (115a-d) which are spaced apart in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis and are interconnected by a connection channel (117a, b) in each case which is closed to the outside, in each case a suction-side valve chamber (115b) being connected to the suction connection (118) by a connection channel (117a) and a delivery-side valve chamber (115c) being connected to the delivery connection (119) by a connection channel (117b), characterised in that the suction connection (118) and the delivery connection (119) are arranged on an end face (112a, 112b) of the compression cylinder (100).
  2. Piston compressor according to claim 1, characterised in that the compression cylinder (100) comprises a piston rod (132) arranged on one side of the piston (130), and in that the suction connection (118) and the delivery connection (119) are arranged on the end face (112a) of the compression cylinder (100) facing away from the piston rod.
  3. Piston compressor according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the compression cylinder (100) is made of steel, and in that the connection channel (117a, b) and the connection chamber (122a, b) are formed by a single bore.
  4. Piston compressor according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the compression cylinder (100) is made of a cast iron block and in that the connection channel (117a, b) and the connection chamber (122a, b) are formed by a single bore.
EP09159238.6A 2008-05-05 2009-04-30 Piston compressor Active EP2116723B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102008001540A DE102008001540B4 (en) 2008-05-05 2008-05-05 piston compressor

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EP2116723A2 EP2116723A2 (en) 2009-11-11
EP2116723A3 EP2116723A3 (en) 2012-12-26
EP2116723B1 true EP2116723B1 (en) 2017-03-22

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DE (1) DE102008001540B4 (en)

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DE102009047744A1 (en) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-16 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Compressor with a pumping chamber
CN103089585A (en) * 2011-11-01 2013-05-08 中国石油集团济柴动力总厂成都压缩机厂 Compressing cylinder suitable for high-speed high-power piston compressor
EP2935888B1 (en) 2012-12-18 2019-03-27 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Reciprocating compressor with vapor injection system
CN104747405B (en) * 2015-02-27 2017-04-26 西安交通大学 Low-temperature air cylinder working chamber component structure of liquefied natural gas vapor compressor
KR20210063407A (en) * 2018-09-24 2021-06-01 부르크하르트 콤프레션 아게 Labyrinth Piston Compressor
DK181078B1 (en) * 2020-02-12 2022-11-25 Maersk Container Ind A/S FLOW CONDUCTOR FOR A PISTON COMPRESSOR IN A COOLING SYSTEM, PISTON COMPRESSOR FOR A COOLING SYSTEM AND CYLINDER HEAD FOR A PISTON COMPRESSOR FOR A COOLING SYSTEM

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US1719998A (en) * 1927-12-27 1929-07-09 Ingersoll Rand Co Compressor
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090274569A1 (en) 2009-11-05
US8348641B2 (en) 2013-01-08
EP2116723A2 (en) 2009-11-11
DE102008001540B4 (en) 2011-11-17
EP2116723A3 (en) 2012-12-26
DE102008001540A1 (en) 2009-11-12

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