EP2111656A1 - Device comprising at least one electrochemical cell in a pressurized housing and method for operating such a device - Google Patents

Device comprising at least one electrochemical cell in a pressurized housing and method for operating such a device

Info

Publication number
EP2111656A1
EP2111656A1 EP07857457A EP07857457A EP2111656A1 EP 2111656 A1 EP2111656 A1 EP 2111656A1 EP 07857457 A EP07857457 A EP 07857457A EP 07857457 A EP07857457 A EP 07857457A EP 2111656 A1 EP2111656 A1 EP 2111656A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cell
pressure
pressure medium
cells
electrochemical cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07857457A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stephan Leuthner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2111656A1 publication Critical patent/EP2111656A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a device with at least one electrochemical
  • lithium-ion batteries as rectangular flat cells. These are usually combined in several modules and electrically connected in parallel and / or in series. During charging and discharging, heat is generated in the cells, causing the battery temperature to rise. Above 45 ° C - 70 0 C in the lithium-ion batteries run off chemical reactions that lead to increased aging. Therefore, the cells in the modules are cooled, such as by gas, liquid, or steam. Most of this air is used, which is guided past the surfaces of the individual cells.
  • the known flat cells are constructed of plastic-coated aluminum foils, which are connected to each other, wherein the current conductors are led out laterally and sealed.
  • gas may form inside the cells, causing it to bulge out of the aluminum packaging or lead to leaks at the joints and in particular in the area of the current conductors.
  • electrolytes are also contained in the cells, which have a vapor pressure which increases with increasing temperature. Cooling is made increasingly difficult.
  • the operating parameters of this battery type vary widely depending on the temperature. Sufficient cooling is a constraint that must be met for a meaningful use of lithium-ion batteries in demanding systems such as hybrid vehicles or even when used in power tools.
  • the invention is based on a device having at least one electrochemical cell.
  • a pressurizable volume with a pressure medium for receiving the at least one cell for external pressurization of the at least one cell This can be counteracted in a pressure build-up in the cell this, by the outside can act on the cell pressure.
  • the pressure can be set appropriately. Preferably, this is at least about the same size as the internal pressure of the cells, more preferably substantially larger. A deformation of the cell housing and resulting leaks can be avoided. The life of the cell can be improved. Especially for modules with a large number of cells, such as battery packs for
  • Hybrid motor vehicles electrically operated vehicles such as wheelchairs, bicycles with electric auxiliary drive, lift trucks, driverless transport systems, or battery packs for power tools, can be achieved by the external pressurization of the cells, a favorable lifetime extension.
  • the invention is in addition to batteries, lithium-ion secondary batteries are preferred, in principle, suitable for so-called electrochemical battery cells.
  • the at least one cell can be arranged in a housing which has a media input for supplying the pressure medium and a media outlet for discharging the pressure medium.
  • the pressure medium is preferably air, which is adjusted with a controllable throttle valve depending on the internal pressure of the at least one cell.
  • a liquid as a pressure medium such as water or a cooling liquid and the like.
  • steam can be used as a pressure medium, such as a Refrigerants from an air conditioning system, or even supercritical media such as carbon dioxide.
  • a preferred use of the device according to the invention in a hybrid vehicle it is advantageous that usually various types of suitable media such as water, air, air-conditioning refrigerants are available and, moreover, suitable aggregates are also available for controlling the temperature of the pressure medium.
  • suitable media such as water, air, air-conditioning refrigerants
  • suitable aggregates are also available for controlling the temperature of the pressure medium.
  • a compressor member may be provided for supplying the pressure medium, preferably a compressor.
  • the pressure can advantageously be adapted to save energy according to the internal pressure of the at least one cell. Unnecessary and energy-intensive pressure build-up can be avoided.
  • a throttle body for discharging the pressure medium may advantageously be provided a throttle body, so that expediently the pressure medium in the flow direction after the pressurizable volume can be throttled again.
  • the throttle body is designed as an expansion element, such as an expander.
  • the throttle body may e.g. also be a throttle.
  • the throttle member is preferably shut off, so that at standstill supplied by the at least one cell system, the at least one cell can be kept under constant pressure. As a result, a deformation of the cell and thus a leak is additionally prevented.
  • a pressure of the pressure medium can advantageously be adjustable in the pressurizable volume as a function of an internal pressure of the at least one cell, for which purpose a regulator is preferably provided.
  • the invention further starts from a method for operating a device with at least one electrochemical cell.
  • the at least one cell is externally subjected to a pressure of a pressure medium.
  • the at least one cell can be on all sides of Pressure medium are subjected to a homogeneous pressure.
  • the pressure is set at least as great or even substantially greater than the internal pressure of the at least one cell.
  • the at least one cell can be cooled with the pressure medium.
  • the pressure can be adjusted depending on an internal pressure of the at least one cell. If a module with a plurality of such cells is used, it is expedient to set the pressure corresponding to the cell with the highest internal pressure. A determination of the internal pressure, for example, from a
  • Cell temperature of a cell are derived. In each module, the cell with the highest temperature can be used.
  • the pressurization can also be such that, even if the cell or cells need not be cooled, the throttle body is completely closed, so that a high pressure remains in the pressurizable volume.
  • the single figure shows schematically a preferred device with a plurality of electrochemical cells in a pressurizable volume.
  • Embodiment of the invention The figure shows to illustrate the invention, a preferred device 10 with an electrochemical module 40 of a plurality of electrochemical cells 20, 30 which are electrically connected in parallel and / or in series.
  • the cells 20, 30 are arranged in a volume 12 which can be pressurized with a pressure medium in a preferred housing 14.
  • the cells 20, 30 are preferably designed as flat-cell lithium-ion secondary batteries and have a flat, rectangular housing 26 or 36, each having a current conductor 22, 24 or 32, 34 arranged on opposite ends of the housing 26, 36.
  • the cells 20, 30 form a battery pack arranged in a pressure housing.
  • the cells 20, 30 may be in the nature of so-called "coffebag” cells, in which a laminated metal foil surrounds and adapts to an electrode pack, and the cells 20, 30 are accordingly made relatively soft.
  • the housing 14 has a media inlet 16 for supplying the pressure medium and a media outlet 18 for discharging the pressure medium. Upstream of the media inlet for supplying the pressure medium, a compressor member 50 is arranged, which compresses the pressure medium to a desired pressure 62. Downstream at the media outlet 18 is for discharging the pressure medium
  • Throttle 52 arranged.
  • the pressure medium can relax there again.
  • the throttle member 52 is connected to the compressor member 50 via a regulator 54 disposed in a control line 56, e.g. is designed as a compressor connected.
  • the pressure medium is at the same time the cooling medium of the cells 20, 30.
  • a pressure 62 of the pressure medium is adjustable in the pressurizable volume 12 as a function of an internal pressure of the at least one cell 20, 30, in that the regulator adjusts the compression capacity of the compressor element 52 designed as a compressor.
  • the pressure 62 of the pressure medium is set as a function of an internal pressure 28, 38 of the at least one cell 20, 30. Conveniently, the adjustment will be based on the cell 20, 30 with the highest internal pressure 28, 38.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device comprising at least one electrochemical cell (20, 30). It is proposed that a volume (12), which can be pressurized by means of a pressure medium, for receiving the at least one cell (20, 30) is provided for the external pressurization of the at least one cell (20, 30).

Description

Beschreibung description
Titeltitle
VORRICHTUNG MIT WENIGSTENS EINER ELEKTROCHEMISCHEN ZELLE IN EINEM DRUCKBEAUFSCHLAGTEN GEHÄUSE UND VERFAHREN ZUM BETREIBEN EINER SOLCHEN VORRICHTUNGDEVICE WITH AT LEAST ONE ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL IN A PRESSURIZED HOUSING AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SUCH A DEVICE
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Vorrichtung mit wenigstens einer elektrochemischenThe invention is based on a device with at least one electrochemical
Zelle und einem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Vorrichtung mit wenigstens einer elektrochemischen Zelle nach den Oberbegriffen der unabhängigen Ansprüche.A cell and a method of operating a device having at least one electrochemical cell according to the preambles of the independent claims.
Es ist bekannt, dass die Lebensdauer von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien leidet, wenn diese im Betrieb höheren Temperaturen ausgesetzt werden.It is known that the life of lithium-ion batteries suffers when they are exposed to higher temperatures during operation.
Aus der EP 1 577 973 A1 ist bekannt, Lithium-Ionen-Batterien als rechteckige flache Zellen auszubilden. Diese werden üblicherweise in mehreren Modulen zusammengefasst und elektrisch parallel und/oder in Serie geschaltet. Beim Laden und Entladen entsteht in den Zellen Wärme, wodurch die Batterietemperatur steigt. Oberhalb von 45°C - 700C laufen in den Lithium-Ionen-Batterien chemische Reaktionen ab, die zu verstärkter Alterung führen. Daher werden die Zellen in den Modulen gekühlt, etwa durch Gas, Flüssigkeit, oder Dampf. Meist wird hierfür Luft eingesetzt, die an den Flächen der einzelnen Zellen vorbeigeführt wird. Die bekannten Flachzellen sind aus kunststoffbeschichtete Aluminiumfolien aufgebaut, die miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Stromleiter seitlich herausgeführt und abgedichtet sind. Im Inneren der Zellen kann sich im Lauf der Zeit Gas bilden, das die Aluminiumverpackung ausbeult bzw. zu Undichtigkeiten an den Fügestellen und insbesondere im Bereich der Stromableiter führen kann. Dies wird noch verstärkt dadurch, dass auch so genannte Elektrolyte in den Zellen enthalten sind, die einen Dampfdruck besitzen, der bei ansteigender Temperatur zunimmt. Eine Kühlung wird dadurch zunehmend erschwert. Weiterhin schwanken die Betriebsparameter dieses Batterietyps stark in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur. Eine ausreichende Kühlung ist eine Randbedingung, die für eine sinnvolle Nutzung von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien in anspruchsvollen Systemen wie Hybrid kraftfahrzeugen oder auch beim Einsatz in Elektrowerkzeugmaschinen erfüllt sein muss.From EP 1 577 973 A1 it is known to form lithium-ion batteries as rectangular flat cells. These are usually combined in several modules and electrically connected in parallel and / or in series. During charging and discharging, heat is generated in the cells, causing the battery temperature to rise. Above 45 ° C - 70 0 C in the lithium-ion batteries run off chemical reactions that lead to increased aging. Therefore, the cells in the modules are cooled, such as by gas, liquid, or steam. Most of this air is used, which is guided past the surfaces of the individual cells. The known flat cells are constructed of plastic-coated aluminum foils, which are connected to each other, wherein the current conductors are led out laterally and sealed. Over time, gas may form inside the cells, causing it to bulge out of the aluminum packaging or lead to leaks at the joints and in particular in the area of the current conductors. This is compounded by the fact that so-called electrolytes are also contained in the cells, which have a vapor pressure which increases with increasing temperature. Cooling is made increasingly difficult. Furthermore, the operating parameters of this battery type vary widely depending on the temperature. Sufficient cooling is a constraint that must be met for a meaningful use of lithium-ion batteries in demanding systems such as hybrid vehicles or even when used in power tools.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Vorrichtung mit wenigstens einer elektrochemischen Zelle.The invention is based on a device having at least one electrochemical cell.
Es wird ein mit einem Druckmedium druckbeaufschlagbares Volumen zur Aufnahme der wenigstens einen Zelle zur externen Druckbeaufschlagung der wenigstens einen Zelle vorgeschlagen. Dadurch kann bei einem Druckaufbau in der Zelle diesem entgegengewirkt werden, indem von außen auf die Zelle ein Druck einwirken kann. Der Druck kann geeignet eingestellt werden. Vorzugsweise ist dieser mindestens etwa gleich groß wie der Innendruck der Zellen, besonders bevorzugt wesentlich größer. Eine Verformung des Zellgehäuses und daraus resultierende Undichtigkeiten können damit vermieden werden. Die Lebensdauer der Zelle kann verbessert werden. Besonders bei Modulen mit einer Vielzahl von Zellen, etwa Batteriepacks fürIt is proposed a pressurizable volume with a pressure medium for receiving the at least one cell for external pressurization of the at least one cell. This can be counteracted in a pressure build-up in the cell this, by the outside can act on the cell pressure. The pressure can be set appropriately. Preferably, this is at least about the same size as the internal pressure of the cells, more preferably substantially larger. A deformation of the cell housing and resulting leaks can be avoided. The life of the cell can be improved. Especially for modules with a large number of cells, such as battery packs for
Hybridkraftfahrzeuge, elektrisch betriebene Fahrzeugen wie Rollstühle, Fahrräder mit elektrischem Hilfsantrieb, Hubstapler, fahrerlosen Transportsysteme, oder auch Batteriepacks für Elektrowerkzeuge, kann durch die externe Druckbeaufschlagung der Zellen eine vorteilhafte Lebensdauerverlängerung erreicht werden. Die Erfindung ist neben Batterien, wobei Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärbatterien bevorzugt sind, grundsätzlich auch für so genannte elektrochemische Batteriezellen geeignet.Hybrid motor vehicles, electrically operated vehicles such as wheelchairs, bicycles with electric auxiliary drive, lift trucks, driverless transport systems, or battery packs for power tools, can be achieved by the external pressurization of the cells, a favorable lifetime extension. The invention is in addition to batteries, lithium-ion secondary batteries are preferred, in principle, suitable for so-called electrochemical battery cells.
Gemäß einer günstigen Weiterbildung kann die wenigstens eine Zelle in einem Gehäuse angeordnet sein, das einen Medieneingang zum Zuführen des Druckmediums und einen Medienausgang zum Abführen des Druckmediums aufweist. Das Druckmedium ist vorzugsweise Luft, die mit einer regelbaren Drosselklappe je nach Innendruck der wenigstens einen Zelle eingestellt wird. Denkbar ist auch eine Flüssigkeit als Druckmedium, etwa Wasser oder auch eine Kühlflüssigkeit und dergleichen. Ebenso kann Dampf als Druckmedium eingesetzt werden, etwa ein Kältemittel aus einer Klimaanlage, oder auch überkritische Medien wie Kohlendioxid. Bei einer bevorzugten Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einem Hybridfahrzeug ist von Vorteil, dass üblicherweise verschiedenartige geeignete Medien wie Wasser, Luft, Klimakältemittel, verfügbar sind und darüber hinaus auch geeignete Aggregate zum Temperieren des Druckmediums bereitstehen.According to a favorable development, the at least one cell can be arranged in a housing which has a media input for supplying the pressure medium and a media outlet for discharging the pressure medium. The pressure medium is preferably air, which is adjusted with a controllable throttle valve depending on the internal pressure of the at least one cell. Also conceivable is a liquid as a pressure medium, such as water or a cooling liquid and the like. Likewise, steam can be used as a pressure medium, such as a Refrigerants from an air conditioning system, or even supercritical media such as carbon dioxide. In a preferred use of the device according to the invention in a hybrid vehicle, it is advantageous that usually various types of suitable media such as water, air, air-conditioning refrigerants are available and, moreover, suitable aggregates are also available for controlling the temperature of the pressure medium.
Zweckmäßigerweise kann zur Zuführung des Druckmediums ein Verdichterorgan vorgesehen sein, bevorzugt ein Kompressor. Der Druck kann vorteilhaft zur Energieeinsparung entsprechend dem Innendruck der wenigstens einen Zelle angepasst werden. Unnötiger und energieaufwändiger Druckaufbau kann vermieden werden.Conveniently, a compressor member may be provided for supplying the pressure medium, preferably a compressor. The pressure can advantageously be adapted to save energy according to the internal pressure of the at least one cell. Unnecessary and energy-intensive pressure build-up can be avoided.
Zum Abführen des Druckmediums kann zweckmäßigerweise ein Drosselorgan vorgesehen sein, so dass zweckmäßigerweise das Druckmedium in Strömungsrichtung nach dem druckbeaufschlagbaren Volumen wieder gedrosselt werden kann. Dabei kann vorteilhaft sein, wenn das Drosselorgan als Expansionsorgan, etwa ein Expander, ausgebildet ist. Das Drosselorgan kann z.B. auch eine Drosselklappe sein. Das Drosselorgan ist bevorzugt absperrbar, so dass bei Stillstand eines von der wenigstens einen Zelle versorgten Systems die wenigstens eine Zelle ständig unter Druck gehalten werden kann. Dadurch wird einer Verformung der Zelle und damit einer Undichtigkeit zusätzlich vorgebeugt.For discharging the pressure medium may advantageously be provided a throttle body, so that expediently the pressure medium in the flow direction after the pressurizable volume can be throttled again. It may be advantageous if the throttle body is designed as an expansion element, such as an expander. The throttle body may e.g. also be a throttle. The throttle member is preferably shut off, so that at standstill supplied by the at least one cell system, the at least one cell can be kept under constant pressure. As a result, a deformation of the cell and thus a leak is additionally prevented.
Besonders energiesparend ist, wenn das als Expansionsorgan ausgebildete Drosselorgan mit dem Verdichterorgan antriebsmäßig gekoppelt ist.Particularly energy-saving, if designed as an expansion organ throttle body is drivingly coupled to the compressor body.
Ein Druck des Druckmediums kann vorteilhaft im druckbeaufschlagbaren Volumen abhängig von einem Innendruck der wenigstens eine Zelle einstellbar sein, wozu bevorzugt ein Regler vorgesehen ist.A pressure of the pressure medium can advantageously be adjustable in the pressurizable volume as a function of an internal pressure of the at least one cell, for which purpose a regulator is preferably provided.
Die Erfindung geht weiterhin von einem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Vorrichtung mit wenigstens einer elektrochemischen Zelle aus.The invention further starts from a method for operating a device with at least one electrochemical cell.
Es wird vorgeschlagen, dass die wenigstens eine Zelle extern mit einem Druck eines Druckmediums beaufschlagt wird. Die wenigstens eine Zelle kann allseitig vom Druckmedium mit einem homogenen Druck beaufschlagt werden. Vorzugsweise wird der Druck mindestens so groß oder sogar wesentlich größer als der Innendruck der wenigstens einen Zelle eingestellt.It is proposed that the at least one cell is externally subjected to a pressure of a pressure medium. The at least one cell can be on all sides of Pressure medium are subjected to a homogeneous pressure. Preferably, the pressure is set at least as great or even substantially greater than the internal pressure of the at least one cell.
Die wenigstens eine Zelle kann mit dem Druckmedium gekühlt werden.The at least one cell can be cooled with the pressure medium.
Bevorzugt kann der Druck abhängig von einem Innendruck der wenigstens eine Zelle eingestellt werden. Wird ein Modul mit einer Mehrzahl solcher Zellen verwendet, wird zweckmäßigerweise der Druck entsprechend der Zelle mit dem höchsten Innendruck eingestellt. Eine Bestimmung des Innendrucks kann beispielsweise aus einerPreferably, the pressure can be adjusted depending on an internal pressure of the at least one cell. If a module with a plurality of such cells is used, it is expedient to set the pressure corresponding to the cell with the highest internal pressure. A determination of the internal pressure, for example, from a
Zelltemperatur einer Zelle abgeleitet werden. In einem Modul kann dann jeweils die Zelle mit der höchsten Temperatur herangezogen werden.Cell temperature of a cell are derived. In each module, the cell with the highest temperature can be used.
Vorteilhaft kann die Druckbeaufschlagung auch so erfolgen, dass, auch wenn die Zelle oder die Zellen nicht gekühlt werden müssen, das Drosselorgan vollständig geschlossen wird, so dass in dem druckbeaufschlagbaren Volumen ein hoher Druck bestehen bleibt.Advantageously, the pressurization can also be such that, even if the cell or cells need not be cooled, the throttle body is completely closed, so that a high pressure remains in the pressurizable volume.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Zeichnungdrawing
Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der folgenden Zeichnungsbeschreibung. In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. Der Fachmann wird die in der Zeichnung, der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen in Kombination offenbarten Merkmale zweckmäßigerweise auch einzeln betrachten und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusammenfassen.Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are shown. The person skilled in the art will expediently also individually consider the features disclosed in the drawing, the description and the claims in combination and combine these into meaningful further combinations.
Es zeigt die einzige Figur schematisch eine bevorzugte Vorrichtung mit einer Mehrzahl von elektrochemischen Zellen in einem druckbeaufschlagbaren Volumen.The single figure shows schematically a preferred device with a plurality of electrochemical cells in a pressurizable volume.
Ausführungsform der Erfindung Die Figur zeigt zur Veranschaulichung der Erfindung eine bevorzugte Vorrichtung 10 mit einem elektrochemischen Modul 40 aus einer Mehrzahl von elektrochemischen Zellen 20, 30, die elektrisch parallel und/oder in Serie geschaltet sind. Die Zellen 20, 30 sind in einem mit einem Druckmedium druckbeaufschlagbares Volumen 12 in einem bevorzugten Gehäuse 14 angeordnet. Die Zellen 20, 30 sind bevorzugt als Lithium-Ionen-Sekundärbatterien in Flachzellenbauweise ausgebildet und weisen ein flaches, rechteckiges Gehäuse 26 bzw. 36 auf mit jeweils einem auf entgegengesetzten Enden des Gehäuses 26, 36 angeordneten Stromableitern 22, 24 bzw. 32, 34. Insgesamt bilden die Zellen 20, 30 ein in einem Druckgehäuse angeordnetes Batteriepack. Die Zellen 20, 30 können in der Art von so genannten „Coffebag"-Zellen ausgebildet sein, bei denen eine kaschierte Metallfolie ein Elektrodenpack umgibt und sich diesem anpasst. Die Zellen 20, 30 sind dementsprechend relativ weich ausgebildet.Embodiment of the invention The figure shows to illustrate the invention, a preferred device 10 with an electrochemical module 40 of a plurality of electrochemical cells 20, 30 which are electrically connected in parallel and / or in series. The cells 20, 30 are arranged in a volume 12 which can be pressurized with a pressure medium in a preferred housing 14. The cells 20, 30 are preferably designed as flat-cell lithium-ion secondary batteries and have a flat, rectangular housing 26 or 36, each having a current conductor 22, 24 or 32, 34 arranged on opposite ends of the housing 26, 36. Overall, the cells 20, 30 form a battery pack arranged in a pressure housing. The cells 20, 30 may be in the nature of so-called "coffebag" cells, in which a laminated metal foil surrounds and adapts to an electrode pack, and the cells 20, 30 are accordingly made relatively soft.
Das Gehäuse 14 weist einen Medieneingang 16 zum Zuführen des Druckmediums und einen Medienausgang 18 zum Abführen des Druckmediums auf. Stromaufwärts ist vor dem Medieneingang zur Zuführung des Druckmediums ein Verdichterorgan 50 angeordnet, welches das Druckmedium auf einen gewünschten Druck 62 verdichtet. Stromabwärts am Medienausgang 18 ist zum Abführen des Druckmediums einThe housing 14 has a media inlet 16 for supplying the pressure medium and a media outlet 18 for discharging the pressure medium. Upstream of the media inlet for supplying the pressure medium, a compressor member 50 is arranged, which compresses the pressure medium to a desired pressure 62. Downstream at the media outlet 18 is for discharging the pressure medium
Drosselorgan 52 angeordnet. Das Druckmedium kann dort wieder entspannen. Das Drosselorgan 52 ist über einen Regler 54, der in einer Regelleitung 56 angeordnet ist, mit dem Verdichterorgan 50, das z.B. als Kompressor ausgebildet ist, verbunden. Das Druckmedium ist gleichzeitig das Kühlmedium der Zellen 20, 30.Throttle 52 arranged. The pressure medium can relax there again. The throttle member 52 is connected to the compressor member 50 via a regulator 54 disposed in a control line 56, e.g. is designed as a compressor connected. The pressure medium is at the same time the cooling medium of the cells 20, 30.
Ein Druck 62 des Druckmediums ist im druckbeaufschlagbaren Volumen 12 abhängig von einem Innendruck der wenigstens einen Zelle 20, 30 einstellbar, indem der Regler die Kompressionsleistung des als Kompressor ausgebildeten Verdichterorgans 52 einstellt.A pressure 62 of the pressure medium is adjustable in the pressurizable volume 12 as a function of an internal pressure of the at least one cell 20, 30, in that the regulator adjusts the compression capacity of the compressor element 52 designed as a compressor.
Der Druck 62 des Druckmediums wird abhängig von einem Innendruck 28, 38 der wenigstens einen Zelle 20, 30 eingestellt. Zweckmäßigerweise wird sich die Einstellung an der Zelle 20, 30 mit dem höchsten Innendruck 28, 38 orientieren. The pressure 62 of the pressure medium is set as a function of an internal pressure 28, 38 of the at least one cell 20, 30. Conveniently, the adjustment will be based on the cell 20, 30 with the highest internal pressure 28, 38.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung mit wenigstens einer elektrochemischen Zelle (20, 30), gekennzeichnet durch ein mit einem Druckmedium druckbeaufschlagbares1. Device with at least one electrochemical cell (20, 30), characterized by a druckbeaufschlagbares with a pressure medium
Volumen (12) zur Aufnahme der wenigstens einen Zelle (20, 30) zur externen Druckbeaufschlagung der wenigstens einen Zelle (20, 30).Volume (12) for receiving the at least one cell (20, 30) for external pressurization of the at least one cell (20, 30).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Zelle (20, 30) in einem Gehäuse (14) angeordnet ist, das einen2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one cell (20, 30) in a housing (14) is arranged, which has a
Medieneingang (16) zum Zuführen des Druckmediums und einen Medienausgang (18) zum Abführen des Druckmediums aufweist.Media inlet (16) for supplying the pressure medium and a media outlet (18) for discharging the pressure medium.
3. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Zuführung des Druckmediums ein Verdichterorgan3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for supplying the pressure medium, a compressor member
(50) vorgesehen ist.(50) is provided.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Abführen des Druckmediums ein Drosselorgan (52) vorgesehen ist.4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for discharging the pressure medium, a throttle body (52) is provided.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Drosselorgan (52) als Expansionsorgan ausgebildet ist.5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the throttle member (52) is designed as an expansion element.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das als6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that as
Expansionsorgan ausgebildete Drosselorgan (52) mit dem Verdichterorgan (50) antriebsmäßig gekoppelt ist.Expansion member formed throttle body (52) is drivingly coupled to the compressor member (50).
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Druck des Druckmediums im druckbeaufschlagbaren7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pressure of the pressure medium in the pressurizable
Volumen (12) abhängig von einem Innendruck der wenigstens eine Zelle (20, 30) einstellbar ist. Volume (12) depending on an internal pressure of the at least one cell (20, 30) is adjustable.
8. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Vorrichtung mit wenigstens einer elektrochemischen Zelle (20, 30), insbesondere nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Zelle (20, 30) extern mit einem Druck (62) eines Druckmediums beaufschlagt wird.8. A method for operating a device having at least one electrochemical cell (20, 30), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cell (20, 30) externally applied to a pressure (62) of a pressure medium.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Zelle (20, 30) mit dem Druckmedium gekühlt wird.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one cell (20, 30) is cooled with the pressure medium.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druck (62) abhängig von einem Innendruck (28, 38) der wenigstens einen Zelle10. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that the pressure (62) depending on an internal pressure (28, 38) of the at least one cell
(20, 30) eingestellt wird. (20, 30) is set.
EP07857457A 2007-01-17 2007-12-12 Device comprising at least one electrochemical cell in a pressurized housing and method for operating such a device Withdrawn EP2111656A1 (en)

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DE200710002444 DE102007002444A1 (en) 2007-01-17 2007-01-17 Device with at least one electrochemical cell and method for operating a device with at least one electrochemical cell
PCT/EP2007/063794 WO2008086923A1 (en) 2007-01-17 2007-12-12 Device comprising at least one electrochemical cell in a pressurized housing and method for operating such a device

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EP2111656A1 true EP2111656A1 (en) 2009-10-28

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