EP2108738A1 - Radier de traverse - Google Patents

Radier de traverse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2108738A1
EP2108738A1 EP09450074A EP09450074A EP2108738A1 EP 2108738 A1 EP2108738 A1 EP 2108738A1 EP 09450074 A EP09450074 A EP 09450074A EP 09450074 A EP09450074 A EP 09450074A EP 2108738 A1 EP2108738 A1 EP 2108738A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
threshold
coating
grains
ballast
gravel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09450074A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred T. Kalivoda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2108738A1 publication Critical patent/EP2108738A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/46—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from different materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a threshold for a track for rail vehicles with a threshold body, which in use position a rail facing top and an opposite, to be laid on a ballast base and is optionally provided with a vibration damping coating, wherein in the region of the underside of the threshold body gravel grains are held, which protrude from the threshold and contact in the position of use of the threshold adjacent gravel grains of the ballast bed, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • vibration protection it is sometimes advantageous to provide an elastic coating, on the one hand to optimize the dynamic behavior of the track system and on the other hand to reduce the vibration transmission from the threshold to the ground and thus the formation and propagation of structure-borne noise.
  • the insole on the underside of the sleeper body can be used for this.
  • a track sleeper body with a jagged To provide underside or adhere to the threshold underside gravel grains using polystyrene foam.
  • the gravel grains held on the underside of the sleeper are of the same type or have the same shape and size as the gravel grains adjacent to the gravel bed in the position of use, so that there is only insufficient and inflexible gearing between the sleeper body and the ballast bed.
  • the vibration behavior of the threshold / track system should be sufficiently stabilized, in particular no incalculable oscillation effects should arise.
  • Such a threshold should further be simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • Claim 1 relates to a threshold for a track for rail vehicles with a sleeper body having in the position of use a rail facing the top and an opposite, to be laid on a ballast base and optionally provided with a vibration-damping coating, wherein in the region of the bottom the threshold body are held gravel grains which protrude from the threshold, and contact in the position of use of the threshold adjacent gravel grains of the ballast bed.
  • the volumes of the predominant number of crushed gravel grains held at the threshold amount to one third to two thirds, preferably 45 to 55%, of the volumes of the ballast grains of the ballast bed adjacent thereto in the position of use of the tie.
  • An average of the threshold body held gravel thus has the said size or the volume of this ballast grain is 1/3 - 2/3, preferably 45 - 55% of the volume of an average ballast grain of the ballast bed.
  • the attached at the threshold gravel grains can optimally in the spaces between the Insert ballast grains of the ballast bed. In this way, a particularly advantageous gearing effect is achieved between the gravel grains held at the threshold and the surrounding gravel grains of the ballast bed. Thus, an optimal load distribution between threshold and gravel bed is possible.
  • ballast grains of the ballast bed are no longer worn or crushed by high local pressure loading, but can essentially retain their shape and structure even with continued rail vehicle operation.
  • the gravel grains held at the threshold do not have to be natural rock fractures, but artificially manufactured elements made of any materials may also be used in order to produce a toothing with the adjacent gravel grains of the ballast bed.
  • the gravel grains held at the threshold according to the characterizing features of claim 2 consist of a more abrasion-resistant material than in the position of use of the threshold thereto adjacent gravel grains of the ballast bed, a particularly durable structure of the threshold is achieved. According to the higher abrasion resistance or hardness of the ballast grains held at the threshold compared to the ballast grains of the ballast bed, a greater resistance to wear results and thus a longer service life of the threshold according to the invention.
  • inventive thresholds are according to the characterizing Characteristics of claim 3 made possible by the threshold body is made of concrete and the ballast grains are sunk directly into the threshold body or cast.
  • the underside of the threshold body has a coating in which the crushed grains are held, preferably cast or partially sunk.
  • the coating may also be a prefabricated, separate element, which is glued to the underside of the threshold body or otherwise secured.
  • such a coating consists in a preferred embodiment according to the characterizing features of claim 5 viscoelastic or visco-plastic material, ie of materials with partially elastic, partially viscous behavior. Such materials relax only incompletely after loading, while remaining energy is dissipated in the form of flow processes or retardation.
  • the viscoelasticity and viscoplasticity of the subject coating materials is temperature, time and frequency dependent.
  • the composition of viscoelastic coating materials can be adjusted approximately so that the coating reacts with a slow force or weight load tough as a highly viscous liquid, on the other hand with sudden forces or weight load elastic as a solid.
  • the coating which holds the ballast grains can deform under the action of force or weight and essentially retains this shape even after such an action.
  • the individual by means of the coating held on the threshold gravel grains can adjust their position relative to the adjacent ballast grains of the ballast bed in a suitable manner and retain this ideally toothed position after the operating stress by the track frequenting rail vehicles continue.
  • the described elasticity and plasticity properties of the coating can be modulated gradually due to defined material compositions, so that an irreversible deformation of the coating is allowed only up to a defined level, while the coating otherwise reacts substantially elastic in the load case, so again in their original Form returns.
  • the coating material may be according to the characterizing features of claim 6 to rubber granules or bitumen or a bitumen mixture or extruded polystyrene or rubber.
  • the coating consists of a substantially rigid material, preferably of concrete.
  • a substantially rigid coating ensures the highest positional stability of the threshold in the ballast bed, whereby cost-effective materials such as concrete can be used in the sense of economical production of the threshold.
  • the coating may also be made of wood or of a wood composite material.
  • the wood material in the present application area proves to be advantageous in terms of its plastic properties and ease of workability.
  • the coating according to the characterizing features of claim 9 has a thickness of 10 to 50 mm.
  • the coating consists of several Layers is built up. In this way, for example, due to their plasticity, elasticity or vibration damping properties particularly excellent materials can be combined.
  • the underside of the threshold body has recessed areas in which no gravel grains are held or no coating is applied. According to this feature, a safe and space-saving storage of the thresholds according to the invention is made possible. By having individual thresholds in those recessed areas at the bottom of the threshold body, e.g. Mounted on wooden stands, any number of sleepers can be stacked in a compact manner on top of each other and stored or transported in this way.
  • the threshold according to the invention according to the characterizing features of claim 12, it is provided that only those areas of the underside of the threshold body are provided with crushed grains, in which - viewed in a plan view of the threshold located in the position of use - the rails resting on the sleeper body run.
  • Such a production variant proves to be particularly economical in terms of production and resource conservation.
  • Fig.1 is a cross section through a threshold according to the invention 1 shown, which is laid in a ballast bed 10.
  • the threshold 1 comprises a threshold body 2 with a top 3, on which a rail 6 is mounted in a known manner, and a bottom 4.
  • the threshold 1 may comprise a one-piece executed threshold body 2, in each of whose two end portions a rail 6 is mounted , or two separate threshold body 2, which are connected by a suitable spacer. In the latter case, the two threshold bodies 2 are also referred to as bi-block threshold.
  • the threshold body 2 will usually consist of concrete, but of course this can also be made of other materials, such as wood.
  • the ballast bed 10, in which the threshold 1 is laid, consists of a plurality of crushed grains 10b, which are compressed by external force in their position to each other in order to provide the most stable ground for the launched threshold 1.
  • the gravel grains 10b may be rock fractures, pebbles or any other materials of any grain size or shape.
  • the threshold 1 and the rails 6 mounted thereon represent the track, which is also referred to as track rust.
  • the track grid not only has the function of removing the wheel loads caused by rail vehicles 7 in the ballast bed 10 and in the ground, but is also to be optimized in terms of its vibration behavior in cooperation with the passing rail vehicle 7.
  • the track grid consisting of rails 6, any rail spacers, rail fastening, sleepers 1 and ballast bed 10 is a highly complex vibration system, the addition or omission of individual vibratory layers has great effects on the vibration behavior of the entire system.
  • a particularly advantageous gearing effect of the threshold 1 with the adjacent ballast grains 10b of the ballast bed 10 results according to the invention according to the invention a size dimensioning of the crushed grains 10a.
  • the ballast grains 10a attached to the sleeper body 2 can optimally lie between adjacent ballast grains 10b of the ballast bed 10 insert trained spaces.
  • the mentioned size criteria do not have to apply to all the crushed grains 10a held on the sleeper body 2 and that a certain quantity of these gravel grains 10a may also have a volume deviating from the desired ideal proportioning.
  • at least half of the gravel grains 10a provided for arrangement on the sleeper body 2 are selected so that their volumes are substantially each other are half as large as the volumes of in the position of use of the threshold 1 adjacent thereto gravel 10b of the ballast bed 10th
  • a viscoelastic or visco-plastic coating 5 is attached, which comprises the gravel grains 10a in sections and anchored securely.
  • Fig.1 is about the upper half of the ballast grains 10a sunk in the coating 5 and thus given a sufficient load-bearing surface.
  • the gravel grains 10a held in the coating 5 protrude from the sill 1 with about their lower half and protrude into the surrounding ballast bed 10, so that in the position of use of the sill 1 the adjacent crushed grains 10b of the ballast bed 10 are contacted at many points and become one Solid gearing of threshold 1 and ballast bed 10 results.
  • the coating 5 may be made of a more or less elastic, plastic or substantially rigid material or of a combination of such materials.
  • a predominantly viscoelastic material such as rubber granules (eg from scrap tires), natural or synthetic rubber or extruded rigid plastic foam (eg polystyrene) for the coating. 5 consulted.
  • Sylomer suitable for this purpose in many fields of application of construction technology and mechanical engineering as "Sylomer” known material, which is a special PUR elastomer with fine-celled and compact structure.
  • the fine-cell structure of Sylomer provides the necessary deformation volume in the case of static and dynamic stress, the static load capacity of this material being in the range of 0.005 N / mm 2 - 3.0 N / mm 2 (0.5 t / m 2) . 300 t / m 2 ). Since the static and dynamic product properties are precisely defined here, the effectiveness of elastic threshold storage can be accurately predicted.
  • the coating 5 holding the gravel grains 10a can thus also consist of a predominantly plastic or viscoplastic material, which therefore irreversibly deforms under a force or weight effect to a certain degree, so that the gravel grains 10a held on the sleeper 1 are under weight load can twist in their position relative to the adjacent ballast grains 10b of the ballast bed 10 and maintain this ideally meshed position from now on.
  • the described elasticity and plasticity properties of the coating due to defined material compositions can be gradually adjusted, so that an irreversible deformation of the coating is allowed only to a certain extent, while the coating otherwise also elastically reacts in the event of load, so again in their original shape back goes.
  • the dynamic behavior or the positional stability of the threshold 1 and the vibration and noise damping can also be controlled by the choice of the thickness 5 'of the coating 5.
  • a thickness 5 'of about 10 to 50 mm meets the requirements for a reduction of structure-borne noise and a sufficient positional stability.
  • the concrete measure of the thickness 5 'of the coating 5 will depend on the material used as well as on the load case. Typical orders of magnitude of the static loads on passing over of the threshold underside with a maximum axle load of 225 kN are approximately 200 kN / m 2 , which correspond to the above-mentioned materials in the range of 10 to 20 mm for the materials mentioned above.
  • a medium forming the coating 5 is brought into a liquid or viscous state by heating, for example, and applied directly to the underside 4 of the threshold body 2.
  • the described crushed grains 10a are subsequently integrated into the coating 5 in a defined arrangement density or structure, e.g. pressed into the coating 5 to a desired depth.
  • the crushed grains 10a applied therein are elastically / plastically or rigidly connected to the coating 5, depending on the choice of coating material. In such a case, the coating 5 has a sufficient adhesion force to permanently connect to the underside 4 of the threshold body 2.
  • the coating 5 may also be UV-curing media.
  • coating 5 is also a prefabricated element, e.g. can act in mat form, which is equipped with ballast grains 10a and attached in sequence with suitable fasteners on the bottom 4 of the threshold body 2.
  • a loose fitting of the threshold body 2 to such a coating element 5 positioned in the ballast bed 10 is also conceivable.
  • the coating 5 with crushed grains 10a may be loose on the stills, for example by means of a suitable scattering device liquid / viscous coating 5 are sprinkled or pressed, or the gravel grains 10a may already be connected to each other by means of a composite medium, for example a network in exactly desired arrangement density and position to such an arrangement of crushed grains 10a in the sequence on the liquid / viscous coating 5 to attach / depress.
  • the ballast grains 10a can be pressed into the still moist concrete of the threshold body 2, so that the ballast grains 10a are rigidly connected to the threshold 1 after hardening of the concrete.
  • the crushed grains 10a are arranged in the coating 5, that the underside 4 of the threshold body 2 is not contacted by them, but still a sufficiently thick zone of the coating 5 remains to a desired vibration or sound insulation of the due to their elastic properties To ensure track system and direct forwarding of emanating from the threshold body 2 structure-borne noise to the threshold body bottom 4 facing gravel 10b of the ballast bed 10 to prevent.
  • the gravel grains 10a to be integrated into the coating 5 do not necessarily have to be natural rock fractures, it is furthermore conceivable to carry out the coating 5 in the form of a unitary element facing away from the cavernous underside 4 or the ballast bed 10 facing side is provided with a relief-like, with the shape and arrangement density of the adjacent ballast grains 10b of the ballast bed 10 corresponding surface.
  • Such coating elements 5 could be produced in a simple manner in a casting or pressing process and can equal to the materials described above have any elasticity or plasticity properties.
  • ballast grains 10a are rock fractures or pebbles.
  • the gravel grains 10 held on the threshold 1 in a particularly preferred embodiment consist of a more abrasion-resistant material than the gravel grains 10b of the ballast bed 10 adjacent thereto in the position of use of the sleeper 1.
  • the coating 5 must be relatively hard. In contrast, you need a relatively soft coating 5, if you want to increase the vibration protection of a track. If the coating 5 sufficiently soft, although the ballast bed 10 would be spared, the position quality of the track would be impaired. For this reason, it may be advantageous for the coating 5 to be composed of several layers each having specific properties, or for additional layer layers or damping elements or bearing elements of suitable material to be arranged in any regions of the threshold body 2, e.g. in the form of an additional vibration-damping layer between rail 6 and top 3 of the threshold body 2 (not shown).
  • the threshold body 2 may be made of concrete, wherein the ballast grains 10a are cast or pressed directly into the threshold body 2 directly.
  • the gravel grains 10a provided in this case are introduced in sections into the still soft concrete, e.g. pressed up to half of them.
  • the coating 5 is not only in accordance with the schematic representation in FIG Fig.1 forms a plane running on the underside 4 of the threshold body 2, but that the coated with crushed grains 10a coating 5 includes the threshold body 2 in other areas, for example, surrounds a shoe.
  • the underside 4 of the threshold body 2 has recessed areas 9 in which no ballast grains 10a are held or no coating 5 is attached (see FIG Fig.2 ).
  • Individual sleepers 1 can easily be stacked on top of one another and transported safely, by supporting them with those recesses 9 recessed on the underside 4 of the threshold body 2 on wooden timbers 8 or on other suitable storage elements.
  • Fig.2 in this case, two parallel tracks are provided on recessed areas 9 per threshold 1.
  • substantially only those areas of the underside 4 of the threshold body 2 are provided with crushed grains 10a, to which - in a plan view of the threshold in use position 1, ie in the normal direction to the bottom 4 of the Threshold body 2 considered - a cross-sectional area of the resting on the sleeper body 2 rails 6 is projected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
EP09450074A 2008-04-11 2009-04-07 Radier de traverse Withdrawn EP2108738A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0021108U AT10638U1 (de) 2008-04-11 2008-04-11 Schwellenbesohlung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2108738A1 true EP2108738A1 (fr) 2009-10-14

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Family Applications (1)

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EP09450074A Withdrawn EP2108738A1 (fr) 2008-04-11 2009-04-07 Radier de traverse

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EP (1) EP2108738A1 (fr)
AT (1) AT10638U1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1020231A3 (nl) * 2011-10-21 2013-06-04 Cdm Nv Elastische zool en dwarsligger waarop spoorstaven rusten op een ballastbed.
BE1020794A3 (nl) * 2012-07-19 2014-05-06 Cdm Nv Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een elastische demper voor een zwevende constructie.
FR3028534A1 (fr) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-20 Sateba Systeme Vagneux Traverse courte comprenant une semelle semi-plastique
US10597826B2 (en) 2014-11-19 2020-03-24 Getzner Werkstoffe Holding Gmbh Sleeper pad

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017108222A1 (de) * 2017-04-18 2018-10-18 Vossloh-Werke Gmbh Schwelle für den Gleisoberbau

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE447918C (de) * 1924-12-03 1927-07-29 Lueer & Co G M B H Mit einer Fuellung versehene eiserne Schwelle fuer Eisenbahnen u. dgl.
JPH09256302A (ja) 1996-03-27 1997-09-30 Railway Technical Res Inst コンクリートマクラギ
WO2002077367A1 (fr) * 2001-03-23 2002-10-03 Leiv Eiriksson Nyfotek As Traverse

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE447918C (de) * 1924-12-03 1927-07-29 Lueer & Co G M B H Mit einer Fuellung versehene eiserne Schwelle fuer Eisenbahnen u. dgl.
JPH09256302A (ja) 1996-03-27 1997-09-30 Railway Technical Res Inst コンクリートマクラギ
WO2002077367A1 (fr) * 2001-03-23 2002-10-03 Leiv Eiriksson Nyfotek As Traverse

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1020231A3 (nl) * 2011-10-21 2013-06-04 Cdm Nv Elastische zool en dwarsligger waarop spoorstaven rusten op een ballastbed.
WO2013082679A1 (fr) * 2011-10-21 2013-06-13 Cdm N.V. Traverse et semelle élastique sur lit de ballast
BE1020794A3 (nl) * 2012-07-19 2014-05-06 Cdm Nv Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een elastische demper voor een zwevende constructie.
FR3028534A1 (fr) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-20 Sateba Systeme Vagneux Traverse courte comprenant une semelle semi-plastique
US10597826B2 (en) 2014-11-19 2020-03-24 Getzner Werkstoffe Holding Gmbh Sleeper pad
AU2015348291B2 (en) * 2014-11-19 2020-07-09 Getzner Werkstoffe Holding Gmbh Arrangement of a sleeper in a ballast bed by means of an elasto-plastic soleplate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT10638U1 (de) 2009-07-15

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