EP2105292A1 - Roller adjustment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a receptacle (4) for a pressing roller (13) such that the pressing roller can be located radially with respect to a perforating matrix (2) so that it can be shifted or displaced, and for providing radial pushing devices within the receptacle for radially shifting the pressing roller. The radial pushing devices are provided with an axial drive (14) and a radial output drive (9), which is in operative connection with the pressing roller, and a transmission unit for conveying the axial force acting on the axial drive on to the radial output drive. An independent claim is also included for a pelletization press.

Description

The present invention relates to an adjusting device for varying the radial distance of at least one mulcher relative to an inner circumferential surface of a perforated die in a pelleting press, with a receiving device for receiving at least one Koller such that the Koller is arranged radially displaceable to a perforated die, and radial thrust means for radial displacement a mackerel within the cradle.

Known pelleting presses, which are used for example for the production of pellets as cattle feed, based on the principle that between the driven die, for example, a ring die, and the press rollers, usually called Koller, a film of material, the thickness of the throughput and quality the pellets determined. In order to adjust such a pelleting press according to the material to be processed, its composition and the press design, it is known to provide an adjusting device of the type mentioned, with which the distance between the hull and the Lochmatrize and thus the thickness of the film of material is adjustable.

From the EP 0 231 764 Various embodiments of adjusting devices are known. In particular, from the EP 0 231 764 in Figure 7, an adjusting mechanism of the aforementioned type, in which the Koller are each mounted on a bearing spindle, which ends in a square head. On these heads double-acting pistons push in the direction of the perforated die. Due to the radial force exerted by the double-acting piston on the heads of the bearing spindle, the heads of the bearing spindle slide in radial guides of the Kolleraufnahme. This is in the prior art, a radial Adjustment of Koller relative to the perforated die causes to vary the gap between Koller and Lochmatrize.

A disadvantage of the known Kollerverstellvorrichtung is that it is expensive to design and manufacture due to the integration of the drive piston in the interior of the perforated die. In addition, a distance measurement is relatively expensive, since the position of the drive piston is difficult to see from the outside. Finally, the known adjusting device is disadvantageous only for pelleting presses with only two rumblers suitable.

The present invention is therefore based on the object, an adjusting device for varying the radial distance of at least one Koller relative to an inner circumferential surface of a perforated die in a pelleting press, with a receiving device for receiving at least one Koller such that the Koller can be arranged radially displaceable to a perforated die, and to provide radial thrust means for radially displacing a skimmer within the receiving device, which is simple in construction, can be produced inexpensively, permits a position measurement in a simple manner and which is also suitable for pelleting presses with three or more skimmers.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a generic adjusting device in which the radial thrust means comprise at least one axial drive element, at least one radially driven element engageable with a roller and transmitting means for transmitting an axial force acting on the axial drive element to the radial driven element. This makes it possible according to the invention advantageously to move the axial drive element, thereby exerting a radial thrust on the Kolleraufhängung. It is thus possible with advantage, drive means outside the To arrange pelleting press. The construction is characterized advantageously easier than in the known adjustment system, in which the reciprocating must be integrated into the adjustment.

In an advantageous embodiment, the transmission means are designed as a thrust mechanism. A thrust mechanism is a special case of a cam mechanism consisting of a cam member, an engaging member and a web connecting the cam member and the engaging member. Normally, the web is the frame, the cam member, the engaging member and the engaging member the output member. The point of contact of the cam member and the engaging member may comprise an additional scanning member, such as a rotatably mounted in the engagement member roller with an identical degree of freedom to improve the running properties, without changing the kinematics. In the context of the invention, the term transmission in its most general form is to be understood as a system for converting or transmitting movements and forces and / or torques. In particular, the term gear is not meant to be limited to systems having a toothed connection. Nevertheless, gear transmissions of the term transmission according to the invention are also included.

In order to ensure the contact between the drive element and the driven element by means of adapted shaping, it is provided in an advantageous embodiment of the invention that a positive connection is formed between the drive element and the driven element.

According to one embodiment of the invention, it is particularly favorable when the transmission means are configured as a cross section of the drive element which varies in the axial direction and is in operative connection with the output element. The drive element assumes according to this embodiment of the invention the function of Cam member to implement a conversion acting on the axial drive element axial force in a Koller radially to the Lochmatrize driving radial force.

If according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the cross section of the drive element in the axial direction monotonous, preferably linear, increasingly designed, can be by monotonous or linear change in the axial position of the drive element, the distance between the inner circumferential surface of the perforated die and the outer surface of the Koller with advantage also vary monotonically or linearly. Depending on the direction of movement of the axial drive element results in a monotonous or linear change of the gap between Koller and Lochmatrize.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the drive element may have at least one axially aligned, standing with the output element in operative connection, wedge element. The wedge element can be designed, for example, as a wedge body mounted on a rod, so that axial movements of the drive element are converted linearly into radial movements of the output element and thus of the wiper.

In another embodiment of the invention it is provided that the drive element has at least one axially aligned, standing with the output element in operative connection, cone element. The conical shape has in connection with the invention the advantage that it has a linearly increasing in the axial direction of radial cross section, thus causing a linear conversion of an axial force in a radial force.

In an embodiment of the invention may advantageously be designed as a rod, the drive element which protrudes axially beyond the Lochmatrize, if the adjustment device cooperates as intended with a perforated die. According to this embodiment, both a drive and a possible position measuring device can advantageously be arranged on the drive element outside the pelleting press. The structure is thereby significantly facilitated.

An automatic variation of the distance between Koller and Lochmatrize is possible within the scope of the invention, when drive means are provided for generating an axial force on the drive element. As drive means all known motors, for example stepper motors, or the like are suitable.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the drive means comprise a, preferably double-acting, hydraulic cylinder. Due to the double action of the hydraulic cylinder, a drive of the drawbar in both axial directions is possible to increase by axial displacement of the rod depending on the design of the deflection the distance between Koller and Lochmatrize and / or to reduce.

If, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, means for measuring the position of the axial drive element are provided, the position readings obtained can be assigned to a distance between the roller and the perforated die knowing the transfer function of the transfer means.

A structurally particularly simple and thus advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the means for position measurement in a state in which the adjustment device is intended to cooperate with a perforated die, are arranged axially outside of the perforated die.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the output element is designed as a holding device for, preferably rotatable, storage of the mulcher. The holding device may be constructed within the scope of the invention so that it is movable longitudinally in a radial bore of the receiving device, wherein one end is in operative connection with the transmission means or the drive element. The opposite end of the holding device is preferably provided according to this embodiment of the invention with a support for the axis of the skimmer.

Preferably, within the scope of the invention, means are provided for blocking the drive element in an axial position. In this way, a predetermined distance between distance and die can be set and fixed.

The object of the invention is based equally solved by a pelleting press with a perforated die and at least one radially displaceable Koller, which has an adjustment of the type mentioned above.

The invention will be described by way of example in a preferred embodiment with reference to a drawing, wherein further advantageous details are shown in the figures of the drawing.

Functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

Figur 1(a):

eine Pelletierpresse mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Kollerverstellung in einem Zustand mit maximalem Kollerspalt in einer axialen Schnittdarstellung, wobei der Schnitt entlang der Linie I-I in Figur 2 verläuft;

Figur 1(b):

Detaildarstellung des Bereichs W aus Figur 1 (a);

Figur 2(a):

axiale Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils II in Figur 1(a) auf die Pelletiervorrichtung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Kollerverstellung aus Figur 1, wobei ein Kolbenantrieb sowie ein Deckel der Kolleraufnahme nicht dargestellt sind;

Figur 2(b):

Detaildarstellung des Bereichs X in Figur 2(a);

Figur 3:

die Pelletierpresse mit der erfindungsgemäßen Kollerverstellung aus den Figuren 1 und 2 in einem Zustand mit minimalem Kollerspalt, wobei die Ansichten jenen in Figur 1 entsprechen, die Detaildarstellung trägt die Bezeichnung Y, der Längsschnitt in Teil A verläuft entlang der Linie III-III in Figur 4;

Figur 4:

Draufsicht in Richtung des Pfeils IV aus Figur 3 in axialer Richtung der Pelletierpresse mit erfindungsgemäßer Kollerspaltverstellung in einem Zustand mit minimalem Kollerspalt, wobei die Ansichten jenen der Figur 2 entsprechen, die Detaildarstellung trägt jedoch die Bezeichnung Z;

Figur 5:

axiale Draufsicht auf eine Zugstange als Bestandteil der in den Figuren 1 bis 4 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Kollerspaltverstellung in einer Ansicht a) entsprechend der Blickrichtung in Richtung des Pfeils II in Figur 1 des Pfeils IV in Figur 3 sowie (b) in der Gegenrichtung.

The figures of the drawing show in detail:

FIG. 1 (a)

a pelleting press with a Kollerverstellung invention in a state with maximum nip in an axial sectional view, the section along the line II in FIG. 2 runs;

FIG. 1 (b):

Detail display of area W off FIG. 1 (a) ;

FIG. 2 (a)

axial view in the direction of the arrow II in FIG. 1 (a) on the pelleting device with the Kollerverstellung invention FIG. 1 wherein a piston drive and a lid of the Kolleraufnahme are not shown;

FIG. 2 (b):

Detailed representation of the area X in FIG. 2 (a) ;

FIG. 3:

the pelleting press with the Kollerverstellung invention from the FIGS. 1 and 2 in a state with minimum collision gap, the views being those in FIG. 1 The detailed representation is called Y, the longitudinal section in Part A runs along the line III-III in FIG. 4 ;

FIG. 4:

Top view in the direction of the arrow IV FIG. 3 in the axial direction of the pelleting press with inventive Kollerspaltverstellung in a state with minimal collision gap, the views of those of FIG. 2 However, the detailed representation bears the name Z;

FIG. 5:

axial plan view of a pull rod as part of the in the FIGS. 1 to 4 in a view a) according to the viewing direction in the direction of the arrow II in FIG. 1 of the arrow IV in FIG. 3 and (b) in the opposite direction.

The FIG. 1 shows in the representation of an axial section along the line II in FIG FIG. 2 a pelleting press 1. The pelleting press 1 consists essentially of a perforated die 2, which has the shape of a cylindrical drum, with an inner circumferential surface 3 in the Figures not shown holes. Coaxially with the perforated die a Kolleraufnahme 4 is arranged. The Kolleraufnahme 4 has a coaxial with the Lochmatrize 2 aligned cylinder section 5. The cylinder portion 5 protrudes at both ends on the Lochmatrize. At an axial distance from each other, the Kolleraufnahme 4 on a pair of substantially massive disc-like attachments 6. The disc-like attachments 6 are designed in one piece with the cylinder portion. In the context of the invention, however, the disk-like attachments 6 can likewise be configured separately from the cylindrical section 5. Each disc-like attachment 6 is as in FIG. 2 to be recognized, flattened at the edges such that a cross-section is hexagonal. In the disc-like attachments 6 three similar radial holes 7 are introduced. The radial bores 7 are arranged at equal angles to one another and extend radially from the beveled lateral surface 8 of the disc-like attachments 6 through the cylinder section 5. Within the radial bore 7, an axle mount 9 with a piston-like portion 10 is arranged so as to be radially displaceable.

The axle mounts 9 have an oblique end surface 10 at the radially inner end. This is especially in the FIGS. 1 (b) and 3 (b) to recognize. At the oblique end face 10 opposite end of the axle holders 9, an axial bore 11 for receiving a Kollerachse 12 is formed.

Between the pair of disc-like attachments 6 of the Kolleraufnahme 4 by means of the axle holders 9 based on the formed therein axial bore 11 with the Kollerachse 12 each a Koller 13 rotatably mounted. The bearings are not shown for reasons of clarity. In this way, a total of three Koller 13 are rotatably received in the Kolleraufnahme 4. The axle mounts 9 are with their piston-like portion in the radial bores 7 of the disc-like attachments 6 radially displaceable by the axle mounts 9 are moved.

Coaxial with the cylinder portion 5 of the Kolleraufnahme 4 and thus coaxial with the punch die 2, the Kolleraufnahme 4 a pull rod 14. The drawbar 14 is, as in the FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) be particularly clearly seen, in axial areas, which coincide in the axial direction with the disc-like attachments 6 of the cylinder portion 5, each provided with three axially oriented wedge attachments 15. Overall, the pull rod 14 thus six wedge attachments 15. The wedge attachments 15 are distributed at equal angular intervals over the lateral surface of the drawbar 14, the angular distance is thus about 120 °. The wedge attachments 15 may be connected to one another and screwed onto the pull rod 14 via a thread (not shown). This has the advantage that both the axial position and the radial position of the wedge attachments 15 is configured variably.

The wedge surface of the wedge heels 15 is arranged in a form-fitting manner with the associated oblique end face 10 of the axle mount 9.

At the portion of the drawbar 14, which is arranged outside of the perforated die 2, the drawbar 14 is connected to a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 16 such that the hydraulic cylinder 16 can move the drawbar 14 in both axial directions. The hydraulic cylinder 16 is shown only schematically.

The disc-like attachments 6 of the Kolleraufnahme 4 are additionally provided with scrapers 17. The scrapers 17 are connected via radial connecting linkage with the chamfered lateral surfaces 18 of the disc-like attachments 6. The beveled lateral surfaces 18, to which the scrapers 17 are fastened, are at angles of approximately 60 ° offset from the beveled lateral surfaces 8, in which the radial bores 7 are introduced, arranged. The scrapers 17 assist the pelletizing process by scraping off the material to be pelletized from the inner circumferential surface 3 of the perforated die 2, in order subsequently to be pressed by the hollows 13 through the holes of the perforated die 2 (not illustrated).

The FIGS. 1 and 2 show the pelleting press 1 with the Kolleraufnahme 4 in a state in which the defined by the distance of the inner circumferential surface 3 to the outer circumferential surface 19 of the Koller 13 nip gap 20 is maximum. In this state, the drawbar 14 is in a position in which the wedge attachments 15 are positioned so that a positive connection between the oblique end face 10 of the axle mount 9 and the wedge surface of the wedge attachments 15 in the flattest region of the wedge attachments 15 is given. The axle mount 9 is introduced furthest into the radial bore 7 in this state, so that the Kollerachsen 12 of the Koller 13 have a minimum distance from the axis of the Lochmatrize 2, therefore, the nip gap 20 is maximum. In this state, the piston 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is maximally extended.

In the Figures 3 and 4 In contrast, a state of the pelleting press is shown in which the nip gap 20 is minimal. To the pelleting press 1 using the Kollerverstellvorrichtung invention from the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 shown state with maximum crevasse in the in the Figures 3 and 4 To transfer shown state with minimum nip, is retracted by means of the hydraulic cylinder 16 of the piston 21 in the cylinder 16. As a result, the pull rod 14 moves axially out of the punch die 2. As a result, the attached on the pull rod 14 wedge attachments 15 are moved in the same direction. Due to the between the oblique end surfaces 10th the axis mounts 9 and the wedge surfaces of the wedge attachments 15 existing positive fit, the tensile force acting in the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is translated into a radially outwardly acting thrust on the axle mounts 9. The axle holders 9 thus move within the radial bores 7 to the outside. As a result, the bearing in the axial bores 11 of the axle holders 9 Kollerachsen 12 are also moved radially outward. As a result, however, the nip gap 20 between the inner circumferential surface 3 of the perforated die 2 and the outer circumferential surface 19 of the roller 13 is reduced.

Not shown in the figures is a displacement and / or position measurement of the drawbar 14. Using the displacement and / or position measurement of the drawbar 14 can be in a simple way, as measured outside the hole die 2, the nip 20. To measure the nip 20 based on the position measurement of the tie rod 14, a conversion function between axial positions of the tie rod 14 and radial crevices 20 is determined. In the simplest case, the conversion function is a constant factor. These calculations can be done in a programmable logic controller (PLC).

Also not shown in the figures is a blockage of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 16, which makes it possible to keep a predetermined nip 20.

Whereas three rollers are provided in the exemplary embodiment described with reference to the figures, the roller adjustment device according to the invention can be used equally for pelleting presses with a different number of rollers. In particular, the system can also be used for a two-roller system.

With reference to the figures, a preferred embodiment of an adjustment device according to the invention for varying the radial distance 20 of at least one edge 13 is proposed relative to an inner surface 3 of a perforated die 2 in a pelleting press 1, which is particularly simple and a measurement of the nip 20 in a particularly simple manner allows.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

pelleting press

2

piercing die

3

Inner surface area

4

Koller recording

5

cylinder section

6

disc-shaped attachments

7

radial bore

8th

beveled lateral surface

9

shaft Tab

10

oblique end face

11

axial bore

12

Koller axis

13

Koller

14

pull bar

15

wedge attachment

16

hydraulic cylinders

17

scraper

18

beveled lateral surface

19

Outer casing surface

20

Koller gap

21

piston

Claims (15)

Adjusting device for varying the radial distance (20) of at least one mulcher (13) relative to an inner lateral surface (3) of a perforated die (2) in a pelleting press (1), with a receiving device (4) for receiving at least one mulcher (13) in that the roller (13) can be arranged to be displaceable radially relative to a perforated die (2), and radial thrust means (10, 15, 9) for radially displacing a roller (13) within the receiving device (4), characterized in that the radial thrust means (10, 15, 9) at least one axial drive element (14), at least one with a Koller (13) operatively engageable radial output element (9) and transmission means (15) for transmitting an axial drive element (14) acting axial force on the radial output element ( 9). Adjusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission means are designed as thrust transmissions (14, 15, 9). Adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that between the drive element (14) and the output element (9) a positive connection (10, 15) is formed. Adjusting device one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission means as in the axial direction varying, with the output member (9) are operatively connected in cross-section of the drive element. Adjusting device according to claim 4, characterized in that the cross section of the drive element (14, 15) in the axial direction monotonously, preferably linear, is increasingly designed. Adjusting device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the drive element (14) has at least one axially aligned, with the output element (9) in operative connection, wedge element (15). Adjusting device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the drive element (14) has at least one axially aligned, with the output element (9) in operative connection standing, cone element. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive element is designed as a rod (14) which projects axially beyond the perforated die (2) when the adjusting device cooperates with a piercing die (2) as intended. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that drive means (16, 21) are provided for generating an axial force on the drive element (14). Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive means (16, 21) have a, preferably double-acting, hydraulic cylinder (16). Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means for measuring the position of the axial drive element are provided. Adjusting device according to claim 11, characterized in that the means for measuring the position in a state in which the adjustment device is intended to cooperate with a perforated die (2) can be arranged axially outside the perforated die (2). Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the output element (9) as a holding device (9) for, preferably rotatable, storage of the skimmer (13) is configured. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means for blocking the drive element (14) are provided in an axial position. Pelleting press (1) with a perforated die (2) and at least one radially displaceable Koller (13), characterized in that it comprises an adjusting device according to one of claims 1 to 14.

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