EP2103198B1 - Dispositif accelerateur de plasma - Google Patents

Dispositif accelerateur de plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2103198B1
EP2103198B1 EP07846645.5A EP07846645A EP2103198B1 EP 2103198 B1 EP2103198 B1 EP 2103198B1 EP 07846645 A EP07846645 A EP 07846645A EP 2103198 B1 EP2103198 B1 EP 2103198B1
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Prior art keywords
arrangement
magnetic
magnet
plasma chamber
longitudinal direction
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EP07846645.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2103198A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Peter Harmann
Norbert Koch
Günter KORNFELD
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Thales Electronic Systems GmbH
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Thales Electronic Systems GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/54—Plasma accelerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
    • F03H1/0037—Electrostatic ion thrusters
    • F03H1/0062—Electrostatic ion thrusters grid-less with an applied magnetic field

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plasma accelerator arrangement for generating a directed plasma jet.
  • Plasma accelerator arrangements are of particular importance in spacecraft drives.
  • electrothermal plasma accelerators which emit gas pulses by means of electrical discharges are known.
  • Other pulsed plasma accelerators generate an arc in a chamber penetrated by a magnetic field.
  • plasma patterns operate with magnetic acceleration of a concentrated plasma ring.
  • An important group among the plasma accelerators are the embodiments with acceleration of ions by an electrostatic field, wherein ions are generated and accelerated in an electrostatic field by ionization of a working gas in an open-ended cavity called a plasma chamber or ionization chamber.
  • Hall accelerators with annular plasma chamber and a magnetic field which extends substantially radially through the annular plasma chamber, and an electrostatic Besignuhgsfeld between an anode in the plasma chamber and a cathode disposed outside the plasma chamber, which also serves as an electron source.
  • FIG. 1 Another group of plasma accelerators, in contrast to the annular geometries of the Hall accelerators, has chamber geometries with a simply connected, in particular circular, cross-sectional area in FIG a sectional plane transverse to the beam direction of the plasma jet.
  • the longitudinal axis of the plasma chamber running parallel to the beam direction in the longitudinal direction lies within the cross-sectional area.
  • the plasma jet is formed in an area around the central longitudinal axis of the chamber.
  • the cross-sectional area is typically substantially constant in the longitudinal direction, which is why accelerators of such geometry are also referred to as cylindrical accelerators.
  • the Kaufmann-type accelerators have lattice-spaced gratings at the exit of the plasma chamber, between which there is an electrical potential which accelerates ions passing through the lattices.
  • a magnet arrangement is provided with two magnetic coils which generate a magnetic field in the chamber, which leads in the anode region from the central longitudinal axis of the plasma chamber to a magnetic pole annularly surrounding the plasma chamber and in the region of the output of the plasma chamber has the characteristic of the field of a toroidal coil.
  • the annular magnetic pole may be formed by soft iron magnetic shoes or by radially magnetized permanent magnet segments.
  • FIG DE 101 30 464 A1 Another embodiment of a cylindrical thruster is shown in FIG DE 101 30 464 A1 and a magnet arrangement has at least two longitudinally successive pole changes annular magnetic ring arrangements surrounding the plasma chamber and / or in the region of the output of the plasma chamber a permanent magnet ring surrounding the plasma chamber with longitudinally spaced magnetic poles.
  • Plasma accelerator arrangements with similar magnet arrangement are in the DE 101 53 723 A1 described.
  • the permanent magnet ring generates a special form of the magnetic field.
  • An ion accelerator arrangement with a comparable magnet arrangement is described.
  • the chamber walls are adapted in sections by curvature to the center of the chamber towards the course of the magnetic field.
  • the annular chamber geometries form between the inner and outer chamber wall an annular channel, which is penetrated by a radial magnetic field through which electrons move as annular drift currents.
  • the cylindrical chamber geometries have substantially different magnetic fields and motion patterns of the electrons and ions, so typically the design features between electrostatic thrusters of different chamber geometries are not interchangeable.
  • DE 100 14 033 A1 and DE 100 14 034 A1 are known plasma accelerator assemblies with annular chamber geometry and with inner and outer magnet arrangement, each with longitudinally spaced magnetic poles, in which arise oppositely directed annular drift currents.
  • Primary electrons are introduced as a bundled hollow beam from the side of the anode into the plasma chamber or supplied from an external cathode.
  • the shape of the magnetic field is typical of the different modes of operation of the different types.
  • US 6,448,721 B2 is specified that By means of intermediate electrodes, a potential gradient between magnetic field lines can be generated and such a potential gradient can be placed close to an annular ionization zone at the anode.
  • the toroid around the output should support a focusing of the plasma jet.
  • the US 2,956,666 describes an electrostatic accelerator with an acceleration grid at the exit of a plasma chamber and a magnetic field extending in the beam direction.
  • an ion accelerator arrangement is described with an acceleration grid, which is followed by a brake grid in the beam direction. That of a plurality of elongated coils on the outside of the ionization chamber magnetic field extends in the ionization chamber of a central magnetic pole at a cathode in the direction of a plasma chamber surrounding the second magnetic pole obliquely outward.
  • the US 5,847,493 shows a Hall plasma accelerator with a magnet arrangement, which in addition to the toroidal coils for generating the substantially radial magnetic field through the annular chamber at the outer periphery of the chamber distributed more coils, by means of which the rotational symmetry of the magnetic field targeted disturbed and the mean beam direction of the plasma jet can be influenced.
  • a short-length plasma chamber is surrounded by permanent magnets whose poles are radially spaced and which create a cusp field in the plasma chamber. Ions are extracted from the plasma chamber by means of an electrode spanning the output of the plasma chamber.
  • the GB 2 295 485 A shows a cylindrical plasma chamber containing a ring-shaped anode at the chamber wall and an acceleration grid spanning the chamber exit.
  • a magnetic field extends obliquely outwardly from an inner pole at the axis of the chamber towards the anode.
  • a plasma accelerator in which an accelerated electron beam is introduced through an anode into an ionization chamber and passed through an axial magnetic field of a toroidal coil on the axis.
  • An axial electrostatic field accelerates generated ions towards an exit opening of the plasma chamber.
  • An arrangement with an electron beam supplied from the anode side is also known from US Pat DE 198 28 704 A1 in which a generation of the beam-guiding magnetic field by a series of permanent magnet rings with alternating polarity is also provided.
  • the US 6,448,721 shows a plasma accelerator with cylindrical chamber geometry in which a coil assembly generates a magnetic field leading from an inner magnetic pole at the longitudinal axis of the chamber obliquely outward to an annular second magnetic pole.
  • Another annular coil surrounding the chamber may be provided to reinforce radial magnetic field components. Acceleration of ions occurs electrostatically in a field between an anode at the bottom of the chamber and a cathode located laterally outside the chamber.
  • the DE 101 30 464 A1 describes a plasma accelerator arrangement in which a multi-stage magnet arrangement is provided with longitudinally spaced successive alternating pole changes, which preferably contains permanent magnet rings with longitudinally opposite arranged magnetic poles.
  • Plasma accelerators with cylindrical chamber geometry are advantageous from the transverse dimensions of the chamber.
  • the present invention has for its object to further improve such a plasma accelerator.
  • the term of a chamber geometry with a simply coherent cross-sectional area of the plasma chamber is chosen, since advantageous embodiments of the invention also include chamber geometries widening in the beam direction.
  • the simply connected cross-sectional area is preferably a circular area.
  • Single continuous planar cross-sectional areas here have an unbroken boundary line, whereas the annular cross-sectional areas of the central inner-body Hall configurations each have an inner and an outer uninterrupted boundary line.
  • the shape of the electrostatic acceleration field which is disposed between a in the jet direction at or preferably after the exit of the plasma chamber cathode and the output of the plasma chamber opposite to the bottom of the plasma chamber arranged anode within the plasma chamber substantially parallel to extending in the longitudinal direction of the center axis of the plasma chamber.
  • Common to all embodiments is also a cusp structure of the magnetic field at a pole facing away from the output of the plasma chamber arranged in front of the exit of the plasma chamber magnetic ring arrangement with longitudinally spaced Magrietpolen.
  • An advantageous field shaping at the exit of the plasma chamber is provided with a novel course of a characteristic area designated below as a neutral surface of a magnetic field determined by a magnetic ring arrangement, in particular a permanent magnet ring with magnetic poles spaced longitudinally and opposite to one another.
  • the entry line is in rotationally symmetrical design of the magnet assembly in a plane perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the arrangement plane. In the case of an entry line not lying in a plane, its mean position in the longitudinal direction is assumed to be corresponding.
  • the magnetic field of a single toroid or the radial magnetic field of a Hall thruster with annular chamber geometry does not show such a neutral surface spanning the chamber exit.
  • the bulging of the neutral surface in the beam direction of the plasma jet is completely canceled.
  • the neutral surface is retracted against the beam direction against the longitudinal position of the entry line into the plasma chamber, which is hereinafter also referred to as concave course of the neutral surface in contrast to convex course in the DE 101 30 464 A1 known arrangement is called.
  • concave course of the neutral surface in contrast to convex course in the DE 101 30 464 A1 known arrangement is called.
  • the passage region of the ejected plasma jet through the neutral surface in particular the apex of a curvature of the neutral surface, typically lying on the central longitudinal axis of the plasma jet, is decisive.
  • the magnetic field shaping in the specified manner is the skilled worker with common means, in particular the use of field-shaping pole pieces, variations of the magnetic flux density in the longitudinal direction, etc. possible. Advantageous examples are described with reference to the figures.
  • Another embodiment provides for the plasma chamber in the longitudinal section in front of the exit opening of the plasma chamber to be widened transversely to the beam direction.
  • the chamber geometry can then no longer be considered cylindrical in the strict sense.
  • leads the expansion of the plasma chamber in the region in front of the exit opening of the chamber does not lead to an expansion, but to a reduction in the divergence of the plasma jet.
  • the widening as an increase in the diameter of the plasma chamber in the longitudinal direction can be linear or non-linear.
  • the cone angle of the expansion in the case of a nonlinear course of the central expansion is at least 5 °, preferably at least 10 ° and at most 30 °, preferably at most 20 °.
  • the widening extends in the longitudinal direction advantageously only over a part of the longitudinal extent of the plasma chamber.
  • the widening in the longitudinal direction extends over at least the predominant part of the spacing of the magnet poles of the magnet ring arrangement at the exit of the plasma chamber, in particular at least over the entire distance of the magnet poles.
  • the longitudinal area of the widening of the plasma chamber can also continue counter to the beam direction via the magnetic ring stage arranged at the exit of the plasma chamber into the next magnetic ring stage in the direction of the anode.
  • the magnetic field in the plasma chamber in such a way that in a longitudinal region between the two magnetic poles arranged at the output of the plasma chamber magnetic ring arrangement in which the longitudinal component of the magnetic field relative to the radial component predominates over the chamber cross-section averaged magnetic flux density decreases asymmetrically against a longitudinal mean longitudinal position.
  • the magnetic field expands vividly in the longitudinal direction. It is surprisingly found that such a widening of the magnetic field leads to a lower divergence of the ejected plasma jet.
  • the magnetic ring arrangement preferably contains a permanent magnet ring with longitudinally oppositely directed magnetic poles. Possibilities for such a design of the internal magnetic flux are familiar to the person skilled in the art and can in particular an inhomogeneous magnetization of a permanent magnetic material and / or decreasing in the beam direction cross-sectional area of a permanent magnet ring as internal properties of a permanent magnet ring, but also a magnetic shielding device on the outside of the magnetic ring arrangement and or include a magnetic shorting arrangement on the outside of the magnet assembly, each having a longitudinally varying action.
  • Fig. 1 is one of the DE 101 30 464 A1 known arrangement as a sectional view in a plane containing the central longitudinal axis of the plasma chamber schematically outlined, being drawn because of the rotational symmetry of the plasma chamber PK with the chamber wall KW and the magnet arrangement about the central longitudinal axis ML for clarity, only one half of the sectional image in the figure to the right of the central longitudinal axis ,
  • the central longitudinal axis ML coincides with an indicated z-axis, which indicates the beam direction of the ejected plasma jet.
  • the plasma jet is spatially distributed around the z-axis and diverges after the exit of the plasma chamber at zA.
  • a common cathode KA is indicated, which serves as a source of primary electrons for igniting the plasma and for neutralizing the ejected plasma jet.
  • an electrostatic field which within the Plasma chamber in a known manner is substantially parallel to the z-axis.
  • the arranged outside the chamber wall KW magnet assembly is constructed in three stages with a first magnetic ring MR1, a second magnetic ring MR2 and a third magnetic ring MR3, which surround the plasma chamber and the magnetic poles are offset from each other in the z-direction.
  • the polar alignment of the successive magnetic rings of permanent magnetic material is alternately set opposite, so that in each case the same poles NN, SS immediately adjacent magnetic rings facing each other, resulting in the areas between the first and second magnetic ring and between the second and third magnetic ring respectively cusp structures of the magnetic field training in the chamber.
  • pole pieces P12 or P23 can be inserted between successive magnet rings.
  • the magnet rings can be magnetized in the same or different strengths.
  • the magnetic rings MR1, MR2, MR3 are substantially the same length in the longitudinal direction.
  • the length LS1 of the first magnet stage of the magnet arrangement is from the beam pointing pole N of the first magnet ring MR1 at ZE to the center of gravity of the magnetic field lines in the pole piece P12, the length LS2 of the second magnet stage from pole piece P12 to pole piece P23 and the length LS3 the third magnetic stage measured from the pole piece P23 to the anode AN.
  • the magnetic stages M1, M2, M3 are correspondingly assigned to the longitudinal areas of LS1, LS2, LS3.
  • the magnetic poles designated N and S can also be reversed.
  • the plasma chamber is circular cylindrical about the central longitudinal axis with a length LS1 + LS2 + LS3 which is greater than the diameter 2RK of the chamber.
  • the magnetic field generated with such a magnet arrangement shows magnetic fields compared to magnetic fields, z. B. with toroids around the plasma chamber and / or with a central pole in the chamber and an annular pole around the chamber and / or with annular chamber geometry and substantially radial magnetic field some peculiarities which below in particular with respect to the first magnetic stage at the output of the plasma chamber substantially are.
  • the magnetic field of the first magnetic stage extends within the plasma chamber in the cusp structure in the pole piece P12 with high density of the magnetic field lines predominantly transverse to the longitudinal direction z.
  • a central longitudinal region LM between the opposite poles of the first magnetic stage whose magnetic field extends predominantly parallel to the longitudinal direction z in particular in a central longitudinal region which is spaced from both ends of the first magnetic stage by about 20% of the length LS1 of the first magnetic stage.
  • the magnetic flux density typically increases in the radial direction toward the chamber wall.
  • the drawn field lines are not to be understood quantitatively.
  • the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic pole N of the first magnetic ring MR1 pointing in the beam direction is partially closed via field lines designated MI by the plasma chamber radially inside the first magnetic ring and partly by magnetic field lines designated ME outside the plasma chamber radially outside the first magnetic ring.
  • the outside closed magnetic field lines are drawn only in their approach.
  • the spatial regions of the magnetic field lines MI and the magnetic field lines ME are separated from one another by a fictitious separation surface NF, which is referred to below as the neutral surface. This neutral surface spans the exit opening of the plasma chamber and strikes the magnetic ring along a line designated as entry line EL.
  • the neutral surface NF Due to the rotational symmetry of the arrangement is the neutral surface NF also rotationally symmetric and the entrance line forms a circular line in the plane of the magnetic pole at zE.
  • the radius of the entry line EL about the z-axis is denoted by RE.
  • the ratio WS / RE in the known arrangement is typically between 0.5 and 1.
  • the magnetic field of a ring coil commonly used in the prior art does not show such a neutral area spanning the chamber exit.
  • a first embodiment of the invention is sketched, in which the bulge designated by WS of the neutral surface NF in the beam direction z with respect to the plane of the entry line EL of this neutral surface in the magnet arrangement relative to the in Fig. 1 sketched field is significantly reduced. It turns out that with such a reduced bulge, which can be continued to a substantially even neutral surface or even to a counter to the beam direction concave curved neutral surface, in conjunction with the magnetic field in the output at the magnetic stage a significantly reduced divergence of the ejected plasma jet, without the advantages of the prior art Fig. 1 abandon known magnetic field arrangement.
  • the magnetic field in the magnetic stage in front of the outlet is characterized in particular by two magnetic poles N and S annularly surrounding the plasma chamber PK and spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction z, which are preferably provided by a magnet Longitudinal z magnetized ring magnet body MR1 are formed.
  • the magnetic field within the chamber extends in a central region predominantly parallel to the longitudinal direction and extends in the region between the first and the second magnetic stage M1, M2 in the region of the pole piece P12 substantially radially.
  • the magnetic field between the first magnet stage with magnet ring arrangement MR1 and the second magnet stage with magnet ring arrangement MR2 forms a cusp structure CS, as known per se from the prior art.
  • the field lines are deflected away from the longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal direction, away from the central longitudinal axis ML and extend in the sketched embodiment with the pole shoe to this substantially radially.
  • the ratio of the size WS in the z-direction to the diameter 2RE of the entry line EL is advantageously at most 0.1.
  • the value for WS should be regarded as negative, so that regardless of the amount of the concave concavity, the aforementioned relation WS / 2RE ⁇ 0.1 always applies.
  • Another contribution to reducing the bulge WS of the neutral surface NF can be made by dimensioning the magnetic stage at the outlet of the plasma chamber in such a way that the distance of the magnetic poles or, when using pole shoes, the distance of the corresponding longitudinal positions on the pole pieces as the length LS1 of the magnetic stage M1 deviating from the prior art according to Fig. 1 greater than the diameter of the plasma chamber, preferably greater than 1.5 times the diameter of the plasma chamber is selected.
  • the neutral surface is arched concavely against the beam direction.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further measure for advantageous shaping of the magnetic field, in particular in a central longitudinal region LD between longitudinal positions Z1 and Z2.
  • Fig. 2 is in Fig. 4 arranged on the pointing in the beam direction pole N of the magnetic ring assembly MT1 a pole piece PSA.
  • the magnetic field between the longitudinally spaced opposite magnetic poles of the magnetic ring assembly at the output of the plasma chamber in the central longitudinal region LD for which preferably a longitudinal region at a distance of about 20% of the length of the magnetic stage viewed from both magnetic poles is widening in the longitudinal direction of Z2 in the direction Z1 on the average in the sense that the corresponding field lines in the field region F1 move radially further outwards relative to the field region F2 lying symmetrically to F1 with respect to the center of the magnetic stage M1 and thus the magnetic flux density and the entire magnetic flux at least in a predominant radial region of the diameter of the plasma chamber about the central longitudinal axis ML in the beam direction lose weight. It turns out that such a divergence of the magnetic field lines in such a central longitudinal region surprisingly leads to a reduced divergence of the ejected plasma jet.
  • Fig. 5 an arrangement is sketched, which in a central longitudinal area LD to one Fig. 4 has comparable field profile.
  • a magnetic shield AM z. B. attached in the form of a soft magnetic material, the shielding effect, z. B. by increasing radial thickness, increases in the beam direction z.
  • the longitudinally varying shield detects a similar effect as the decreasing radial thickness of the magnet ring MT1 Fig. 4 ,
  • the geometry of the permanent magnet ring after Fig. 3 and the magnetic shield after Fig. 5 can be realized particularly advantageous together.
  • Fig. 6 shows an arrangement with expanding geometry of the plasma chamber.
  • the chamber wall KW is in an anode-assigning section as in Fig. 1 assumed as cylindrical.
  • the radial expansion RM - RC is advantageously in the range between 5% and 75% of RM. It can be seen that the widening of the plasma chamber via a magnetic field M1 at the output of the plasma chamber, in particular at the output of the plasma chamber, contributes to reducing the divergence of the ejected plasma jet.
  • the expansion of the plasma chamber does not necessarily extend over the full length of the magnetic stage M1 at the output of the plasma chamber, but may also continue in the direction of the anode in the magnetic stage M2.
  • the plasma chamber is made substantially cylindrical.
  • a magnetic ring arrangement MS1 in the magnetic stage at the outlet of the plasma chamber is in the in Fig. 6 sketched example as a series of magnetic rings with longitudinally progressing inside diameter executed.
  • Such a magnet arrangement can advantageously be compared to that of FIG Fig. 4 described effect between the widening field between the longitudinally spaced end poles of the magnetic ring assembly MS1 between areas F2 and F1 contribute advantageous.
  • a pole piece PSA provided at the pointing in the beam direction end pole of the magnetic ring assembly MS1.
  • a magnet arrangement MV1 which has a decrease in the magnetic flux within the magnet arrangement in the longitudinal direction z in the magnetic stage located at the outlet of the plasma chamber.
  • This is achieved in the example outlined in that similar to the Fig. 6 several magnet rings arranged in succession in the z-direction are but which have different, in the z-direction gradually decreasing radial wall thicknesses.
  • the effect of the radial expansion of the magnetic field in the Fig. 5 described middle longitudinal region is here further reinforced and the neutral surface NF shows the Fig. 2 described concave concavity against the beam direction.
  • the neutral surface NF shows the Fig. 2 described concave concavity against the beam direction.
  • the stepped course of the magnetic ring arrangement MS1 in FIG Fig. 6 or MV1 in Fig. 7 It is also possible to provide a smoothed or continuous course of the inner and / or outer wall surfaces of these magnetic ring arrangements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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Claims (16)

  1. Dispositif accélérateur de plasma pour la production d'un jet de plasma orienté avec une chambre à plasma possédant une aire de section solidarisée simplement et comprenant un axe médian longitudinal (ML) s'étendant dans le sens longitudinal (z) du jet de plasma, avec un champ d'accélération électrostatique au moins essentiellement parallèle à l'axe médian longitudinal, et avec un ensemble d'aimants (M1, M2, M3) comportant un ensemble d'anneau magnétique (MR1) entourant la chambre à plasma, au moins dans la région de sortie, avec des pôles magnétiques (N, S) espacés dans le sens longitudinal, et produisant un champ magnétique (ME, MI) dans la région de la sortie de la chambre à plasma, lequel présente une surface neutre (NF) chevauchant la sortie de la chambre à plasma, laquelle sépare une région de lignes de champ magnétique fermée (MI) à l'intérieur de la chambre à plasma d'avec une région de lignes de champ magnétique fermée (ME) à l'extérieur de la chambre à plasma de l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique (MR1), et rencontre une surface supérieure de l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique en une ligne d'entrée (EL), caractérisé en ce qu'une corne polaire magnétique douce est agencée au moins sur le pôle magnétique (N) de l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique qui est orienté dans la direction du jet, et fait saillie radialement par-dessus l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique dans la chambre à plasma, de telle façon que l'intersection entre la surface neutre (NF) et l'axe médian longitudinal (ML) se trouve dans une région finissant en décalage, dans le sens longitudinal (z), de 10 % maximum du diamètre maximal de la ligne d'entrée (EL) dans la direction du jet par rapport à la position longitudinale de la ligne d'entrée.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que dans la région du passage du jet de plasma dans la direction du jet (z), la surface neutre (NF) ne s'étend pas de façon décalée dans la direction du jet par rapport à la ligne d'entrée (EL).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que dans la région du passage du jet de plasma, la surface neutre (NF) s'étend de façon décalée contre la direction du jet par rapport à la ligne d'entrée (EL).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique (MR1) contient un aimant permanent annulaire.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique contient un aimant permanent annulaire (MT1, MS1) à la sortie de la chambre à plasma et l'épaisseur radiale dans le sens longitudinal diminue dans la direction du pôle S vers le pôle N, de telle façon que dans une région médiane longitudinale (LD) s'étendant entre les deux pôles (N, S) espacés dans le sens longitudinal de l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique, la densité de flux magnétique diminue dans le sens longitudinal, avec une composante essentiellement parallèle au sens longitudinal de la ligne de champ fermée (MI) à l'intérieur de la chambre à plasma du champ magnétique, en comparant des régions de champ (F1, F2) s'étendant symétriquement par rapport au centre du niveau magnétique.
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que des cornes polaires (PSA, P12) magnétiques douces sont prévues sur les pôles magnétiques (N, S) opposés dans le sens longitudinal.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la région médiane longitudinale (LD) est respectivement espacée de 20 % de la longueur de l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique (MT1, MS1) par rapport aux deux pôles magnétiques (N, S).
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la longueur de l'ensemble d'aimants est au moins égale au diamètre de la chambre à plasma.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chambre à plasma s'étend en s'élargissant dans le sens longitudinal (z) dans une région s'étendant dans le sens longitudinal entre les pôles magnétiques espacés de l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique (MS1, MV1) agencé dans la région de sortie de la chambre à plasma.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'élargissement (RM-RC) mesure entre 5 % et 75% du diamètre maximal (RM) de la chambre à plasma.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que dans le sens longitudinal, l'ensemble magnétique (MR1) est conçu avec plusieurs niveaux (MS1) présentant une orientation polaire alternée, et l'élargissement de la chambre à plasma ne s'étend pas à tous les niveaux.
  12. Dispositif selon les revendications 1 et 5 ou 9 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que dans une région médiane longitudinale s'étendant entre les pôles magnétiques (N, S) espacés dans le sens longitudinal et espacée des deux pôles magnétiques, le flux magnétique à l'intérieur de l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique (MT1, MS1, MV1) diminue dans le sens longitudinal (z).
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique contient un aimant permanent annulaire.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'anneau magnétique (MT1) présente une épaisseur de paroi décroissante au moins dans une section partielle dans le sens longitudinal avec une magnétisation homogène.
  15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de blindage magnétique (AM) est agencé du côté extérieur de l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique (MR1), avec un effet de blindage variable dans le sens longitudinal (z).
  16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de coupure magnétique est agencé du côté extérieur de l'ensemble d'anneau magnétique entre les pôles magnétiques espacés dans le sens longitudinal.
EP07846645.5A 2006-12-15 2007-11-17 Dispositif accelerateur de plasma Active EP2103198B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610059264 DE102006059264A1 (de) 2006-12-15 2006-12-15 Plasmabeschleunigeranordnung
PCT/EP2007/009952 WO2008071287A1 (fr) 2006-12-15 2007-11-17 Dispositif accélérateur de plasma

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EP2103198A1 EP2103198A1 (fr) 2009-09-23
EP2103198B1 true EP2103198B1 (fr) 2015-10-21

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