EP2098380A2 - Method and device for manufacturing a composite wood board - Google Patents
Method and device for manufacturing a composite wood board Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2098380A2 EP2098380A2 EP09003003A EP09003003A EP2098380A2 EP 2098380 A2 EP2098380 A2 EP 2098380A2 EP 09003003 A EP09003003 A EP 09003003A EP 09003003 A EP09003003 A EP 09003003A EP 2098380 A2 EP2098380 A2 EP 2098380A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- roller
- based panel
- embossed
- decorative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims description 110
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
- B44C5/0469—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers comprising a decorative sheet and a core formed by one or more resin impregnated sheets of paper
- B44C5/0492—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers comprising a decorative sheet and a core formed by one or more resin impregnated sheets of paper containing wooden elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
- B44B5/0004—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins characterised by the movement of the embossing tool(s), or the movement of the work, during the embossing operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
- B44B5/02—Dies; Accessories
- B44B5/028—Heated dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/02—Pyrography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/24—Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
- B44F9/00—Designs imitating natural patterns
- B44F9/02—Designs imitating natural patterns wood grain effects
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for embossing the surface of a wood-based panel, a device for embossing and a wood-based panel with embossed surface.
- Wood-based panels are often provided with decorative surfaces, usually with the reproduction of natural materials, especially wood or stone surfaces.
- the surface is first primed and painted, or decorative paper is applied.
- a resin e.g., an overlay
- varnish seal is applied to render the surface useful.
- a matching to the respective color design structure is applied, for. B. by embossing or pressing the finished coated wood-based panel.
- profiled press plates are used to create pores for a wood decor. The subsequently applied pores should match the previously created by color or decorative paper design.
- the DE 10 2006 007 976 describes a similar process.
- This method is First pressed by means of a press a relief in the surface of up to 150 ° C heated plate. Then a decor and a seal is applied and cured.
- the CH 614 666 Describes a method of deforming the plate surface in which a previously moistened wood-based panel is deformed under low pressure and low temperature. The process is not economical by wetting the surface.
- the object underlying the invention is achieved with a method according to claim 1, with a device according to claim 15 and with a wood-based panel according to claim 21.
- the inventive method for producing a decoration on the surface of a wood-based panel in which the color and profile of the surface are synchronous provides that the wood-based panel is guided between a profiled decorating roll and a counterpressure roll.
- the decorative roller is heated to a temperature of more than 200 ° C, preferably up to 500 ° C.
- a pressure of at least 10 bar to a maximum of 300 bar is exerted on the decorating roller or a nip is set between the decorating roller and the counterpressure roller, which is narrower than the thickness of the wood-based material board to be embossed. It has surprisingly been found that can be imprinted under the conditions mentioned in both alternatives, a precisely trained decor in the surface of the wood-based panel.
- the wood-based material is discolored by the high temperatures and pressure that acts on the surface of the board, so that at the same time structure and color on the surface of the wood-based panel to a uniform decor.
- decor. the interaction of color and structure
- very natural wood decors can be produced by this method, since the color of the embossed wood material surface of the coloring of wood exactly matches.
- the color scheme is also completely consistent with the embossed structure, because the discoloration of the surface of the wood material exactly replicates the coloring of eg wood. According to the invention, therefore, a colored relief, a decoration is produced on the surface of the wood-based panel.
- the pressure exerted on the decorating roller typically by means of a press hydraulics
- the pressure is chosen within a range of 10 bar to a maximum of 300 bar, depending on the working temperature (between 200 ° C and 500 ° C), of the desired decor or decor depth and of the respective wood-based material.
- the coloring and embossing of the surface of the wood-based panel is produced by setting a nip between the decorative wood and the counter-pressure roller that is at least 0.1 mm, and not more than 2 mm smaller than the thickness of the wood-based panel to be embossed, then the adjustment of the nip also takes place Dependence on the working temperature, on the type, in particular the embossing depth of the decoration and the material of the wood-based panel.
- wood-based panels very advantageously allow without additional use of color or additional coloring of the surface or the plate generating the typical for numerous wood structures color scale of bright natural tones over the entire scale of browns to almost black colors.
- the surface of the untreated or possibly colored wood-based panel is embossed.
- the desired color effect is only achieved when the heated decor roller on wood and / or chips or fibers, including paper fibers, meets. Only after the embossing or decoration can then be applied a seal.
- Embossed resin layer the advantages of the invention are not achieved. Through a synthetic resin layer color and embossing effects can not be generated synchronously.
- the invention thus makes it possible to achieve a complete decoration in which color design and embossing are completed in a single operation. That saves time and money.
- the minimum temperature of 200 ° C results from the fact that below this temperature no color effects are generated.
- the maximum temperature of 500 ° C results from the fact that either the energy consumption is not economically feasible, or that the color effects are no longer precisely controlled, z. B. because it comes despite the short exposure time to a decomposition of the fibers.
- the optimum process temperature on the one hand, it has to be considered which color scheme and which embossing, in particular which embossing depth, the décor requires.
- the roller pressure or nip, the wood-based material and the production speed must be compared with the process temperature. The temperature in particular affects coloration and plasticization.
- the decorating roll is at a temperature of at least 200 ° C, preferably up to 300 ° C, advantageously up to 500 ° C, in particular to heat up to 500 ° C.
- a heating device in particular the abovementioned parameters can be precisely set in a simple, rapid and flexible manner via the temperature of the decorating roller.
- a pressure of at least 10 bar is exerted on the decorative roller.
- the pressure is preferably built up by a conventional press hydraulics. It can usually be adjusted continuously.
- the process according to the invention can preferably be carried out if a pressure of up to 30 bar, preferably of up to 50 bar, advantageously of up to 100 bar, is also exerted on the decor roller. If necessary, z. B. to achieve a particularly deep character, the pressure can be increased. Upper limit is usually the pressure of 300 bar. If you want to work with further increased pressure, special measures with special costs are required to provide appropriate hydraulics. This is usually uneconomical.
- Pressure and temperature are high in the inventive method, in particular the temperature is significantly higher than in known methods. However, since rolling is done in a continuous process, the high pressure and temperature do not have a detrimental effect on the wood-based panel.
- the decorative roller but also the counter-pressure roller is heated during embossing. This prevents unwanted deformation of the plate. In addition, it can thus be produced on opposite surfaces of the wood-based panel embossing. If desired, opposite surfaces of the wood-based panel can be provided with the same or different embossing or decors in a single operation. Further measures on the device for embossing are usually not required, at best, it must be ensured that pressure is uniformly transmitted to the surface of the plate via both rollers.
- the surface to be embossed is heated prior to embossing the surface of a wood-based panel according to the invention.
- the heating can be done directly or indirectly as explained below.
- an improved embossing profile can be achieved, but above all, the production speed can be increased because deformation and discoloration of the surface of the wood-based panel are greatly determined by the heat transfer and the temperature at the contact surface between decor roller and surface to be embossed.
- a heating of the surface to 40 ° C already has an advantageous effect, it is advantageous to heat the surface to be embossed to 150 ° C or 200 ° C up to 100 ° C, depending on the material of the plate and to be generated decor. The heating takes place z. B. with high frequency heaters.
- a significantly wider range of surface designs can be achieved by the invention
- Process are prepared when the surface to be embossed is colored before embossing.
- stone and fantasy decors can be produced in this way on a large scale and with great diversity. It has been found that the dyeing of the surface or the dyeing of a plate does not altogether oppose the stamping according to the invention, because even with a colored surface of the wood-based material surface the direct contact with the fiber is given so that the deformation takes place as intended. This also contributes to the fact that dyes other than z.
- B. Kunststoffharze- the heat transfer does not hinder. Although some dyes change the hue at the occurring during embossing, high temperatures. However, this can be taken into account in the development of the decor and also be used to advantage.
- a decor can be designed later by applying color.
- the applied decor can be wholly or partially supplemented or changed.
- An inkjet printer is suitable here because, if necessary, the entire profile, even at a profile depth of e.g. 1 mm, can be processed. Alternatively, especially when new parts of the decor are to be processed or changed, it is also possible to use rollers or other inking devices.
- the wood-based panel produced according to the invention with embossed surface is not yet ready for use for most applications. It is therefore provided according to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention with a coating on the embossed surface.
- a coating typically a lacquer
- the surface coating can be a simple seal that allows easy maintenance of the surface. But it can also be a coating the additives such.
- B. contains corundum, so that the embossed surface according to the invention is accessible and can be used as a floor.
- paints, varnishes or glazes can be applied to complete the décor. Single or multi-layer coatings can be applied as needed.
- the inventive method can be designed for different sized wood-based panels. It can be both large-format wood-based panels are provided with a surface embossing as well as small-sized panels that are already tailored to their final format. If large-format plates are embossed, it makes sense to reproduce a multiple of the decoration on the embossing surface of the decor roller. For example, at least two, preferably a plurality of smaller decorative units can be applied next to or behind one another on the surface of the decorative roller. Two decorative units are then suitably spatially separated from each other, for example, characterized in that projections are mounted on the surface of the decorative roller, which emerge as grooves in the surface to be embossed wood material panel.
- the method according to the invention for the production of wall, floor or ceiling panels is carried out as described below:
- the panels can be made either from a previously distributed to the dimensions of the panel wood material panel, they may possibly already profiled edges have, for example, for connecting individual panels.
- wood-based panels can be used, which are first provided with the decoration of the invention and, if necessary, sealed, only to be subsequently divided into individual panels.
- Wood-based panels (medium-density or high-density fiberboard) are preferably used as wood-based panels.
- the wood-based panels have an upper side and a lower side, wherein the upper side is provided at least in sections with a decoration, preferably a colored decoration, and with a relief structure at least partially overlapping the decoration. Where the decor and relief structure are superimposed, they are synchronously formed, typically to produce a natural-looking wood decor. Decor and Relief structure are covered with a sealing layer, which protects the wood-based panel or the panel against abrasion and / or scratches.
- the wood-based panel is passed under the action of heat and pressure between a decorative roller, which is heated to more than 200 ° C and a counter-pressure roller.
- the decorative roller stamps or presses the relief structure into the upper side of the wood-based panel, at the same time discolouring the top or surface of the wood-based panel, usually in brownish, natural tones for wood surfaces.
- the deeper deformed areas of the upper side usually turn darker and the raised remaining areas of the upper side show light tones or less darkened tones.
- the transition between darker and lighter discolorations is fluid here.
- the discoloration of the upper side or the surface of the wood-based panel is probably also under the influence of pressure and temperature.
- the inventive method can be implemented in a simple manner by means of a device having at least one decorative roller with a relief-like surface and at least one of the decorative roller opposite counter-pressure roller. Most decorative and counter-pressure roller are arranged one above the other. But they can also be arranged side by side.
- the device according to the invention has means for applying pressure at least to the decorating roller, preferably to the decorating roller and counterpressure roller.
- the device according to the invention is further equipped with means for direct and / or indirect heating of the decorative roller and / or the surface of the wood-based panel. In this way, the required temperature according to the method of at least 200 ° C can be achieved on the surface of the decorative roller.
- the inventive device for embossing the surface of wood-based panels on means for adjusting the nip, so the distance between decorative and counter-pressure roller on.
- the means for applying pressure to the decor roller are preferably designed as hydraulic means, for example as press hydraulics.
- the means for adjusting the nip may be formed, for example, as a manually operated or motor-operated spindle.
- the surface of the counter-pressure roller is heated and profiled, so that even the guided past the counter-pressure roller surface of the wood-based panel is provided with an embossing.
- heating in particular gas burners, but also infrared heaters, high-frequency heaters and / or means for inductive heating of the surface of the decorating roller and possibly the counter-pressure roller may be provided.
- electrical means for heating e.g. be provided in the roll integrated Elektroorgstäbe or heaters with a heating medium.
- the heating medium e.g. Oil are used, the heating channels flows near the surface of the rolls to be heated.
- the embossing device is preferably equipped with means for conveying the wood-based material board.
- Conventional conveyor systems such as conveyor belts or roller conveyors can be used.
- the device according to the invention means for dyeing the surface to be embossed are provided. Particularly interesting effects can be achieved if the surface of the wood-based panel is colored before embossing. But even after embossing means may be provided for dyeing, as well as other means for coating the embossed wood material surface, for example means for applying lacquer or synthetic resins, glazes, stains or decorative paper. It is clear that the device according to the invention enables by simple means a flexible and variable design of the surfaces of wood-based panels by embossing.
- the invention also provides a wood-based panel whose surface is at least partially embossed or decorated by the method according to at least one of claims 1-14.
- wood-based panels within the meaning of this invention considered all plate-shaped wood products, especially fiberboard, chipboard and solid wood.
- These plates include z.
- the inventively embossed plates may have been coated after embossing, z. B. dyed, glazed, painted or sealed.
- the invention relates in particular to panels of wood-based panels, the surface of which is embossed or decorated at least in sections according to the method of at least one of claims 1 to 14.
- panels ready-made prefabricated wood-based panels are referred to in this context, especially those that are not only tailored to laying ready dimensions but also have profiled edges that allow for easier installation.
- Fig. 1 shows a device 2 for producing wood-based panels with embossed surface.
- the device 2 has two superposed rollers, a decorative roller 4 and a counter-pressure roller 6.
- the rollers 4, 6 have a width of 800 mm, they have a circumference of 1250 mm and have a metallic surface 8,10.
- the rollers 4, 6 are arranged with a passage of 6 mm to each other. They are designed for embossing HDF (high-density fibreboard) plates with a plate thickness of 7 mm.
- HDF high-density fibreboard
- the surface 8 of the decorative roller 4 is heated in the operating state to 350 ° C.
- a gas burner 14 is used, which heats the surface 8 to 350 ° C. immediately before it impinges on the surface 16 of the HDF plate 12.
- the surface 8 of the decorative roller 4 is designed in relief and gives as a negative wood decor again, which show after embossing as a positive on the surface 16 of the HDF plate 12 should. Since the HDF plate 12 is to be broken down into a plurality of individual panels after embossing, the surface 8 of the decorative roller 4 has a plurality of individual panel decors side by side, which are separated from one another by projections.
- the HDF plate 12 is therefore already prepared after embossing on its surface 16 for division into a plurality of individual panels, since grooves delimit the individual panels from each other.
- the embossing is done by the HDF plate 12 is moved in the direction of arrow "A" by means not shown here.
- the working speed is between 20 m / min and 40 m / min.
- the surface 16 to be embossed of the HDF plate 12 is heated by an infrared radiator 18 to 160 ° C.
- the HDF plate 8 In the passage between the rollers 4 and 6, the HDF plate 8 is slightly compressed.
- the heated surface 16 of the HDF plate 12 comes into contact with the heated surface 8 of the decorative roller 4 and with the surface 10 of the platen 6 in contact and cause a plastic deformation of the surface 16 of the HDF plate 12 and at the same time a discoloration.
- the wood-tone HDF board in the basic tone discolors in places to a darker brown tone, which is typical of wood grain.
- For embossing a wooden decoration so nothing is required as the device 2, since color effects and embossing are generated synchronously in a single operation. It should be emphasized that in this type of embossing according to the invention a particularly individual edge design of the later to be separated from the HDF plate 12 panels can be made.
- nip 6 mm, plate thickness 7 mm, surface temperature of the decorative roller 350 ° C a maximum depth of decortion of 1 mm is produced on the surface of the HDF board.
- these nip, plate thickness and surface temperature parameters of the decorating roller are related to each other such that embossing with a small embossing depth, e.g. B. 0.2 mm maximum embossing depth, with a comparison with the plate thickness by 0.2 mm narrower nip may already meet a surface temperature of the decorative roller of 200 ° C to produce the desired decor, ie color and structure.
- a nip which is 1.5 mm narrower than the plate thickness to heat the surface of the decorative roller to a temperature of 400 ° C to obtain the desired embossing.
- the required temperature which depends inter alia on the material of the plate, can be determined with a few experiments.
- An alternative embodiment of the device 2 for the production of wood-based panels with embossed surface which is not shown, has a nip, which corresponds to the thickness of the plate to be embossed.
- a pressure of 35 bar is exerted by means of a press hydraulics.
- the print is transferred to the HDF plate 12 located under the decor roller 4.
- the pressure exerted by the press hydraulics on the decorative roller 4 can be adjusted continuously in a range between 10 bar and 300 bar, depending on which decor, which plate material and which feed rate are taken into account.
- the device 2 can in both embodiments both thin, for example 2 mm thick plates as well as thick, e.g. Work plates 40 mm to 60 mm thick. It thus offers wide applications for different wood-based panels or panels, so for example, both thin decorative panels, but also furniture parts, floor panels, window sills or countertops can be decorated with the inventive method and one of the two embodiments of the device according to the invention.
- the color change of the surface 16 of the HDF board 12 is most pronounced where the projecting contours, edges and / or peaks 20 of the relief of the surface 8 of the decor roller 4 strike the surface 16 of the HDF board 12 , Where the flanks 22 of the relief, which do not penetrate so deeply into the surface 16, exert a lower pressure on the surface 16, there is also a lower coloration of the surface 16. In this way, a very natural wood decor during the dyeing the surface 16 generated.
- the penetration depth of the relief of the surface 8 of the decorative roller 4 is between o .mu.m and 500 .mu.m, correspondingly the profile on the surface 16 of the HDF plate 12, a maximum depth of 500 ⁇ m.
- the HDF plate 12 having a complete color effect and embossing is either first provided with a UV varnish seal and then divided into panels. Alternatively, first the division into individual panels and then a surface coating. For example, two layers of UV varnish are applied, of which the first is mixed with corundum. In this way, floor panels can be made with good usability.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Prägen der Oberfläche einer Holzwerkstoffplatte, eine Vorrichtung zum Prägen und eine Holzwerkstoffplatte mit geprägter Oberfläche.The invention relates to a method for embossing the surface of a wood-based panel, a device for embossing and a wood-based panel with embossed surface.
Holzwerkstoffplatten werden häufig mit dekorativen Oberflächen versehen, meist mit der Nachbildung von Naturstoffen, insbesondere von Holz- oder Steinoberflächen. Bei den meisten Verfahren wird zunächst die Oberfläche grundiert und mit Farbe gestaltet oder es wird ein Dekorpapier aufgelegt. Dann wird eine Versiegelung aus Kunstharz (z.B. ein Overlay) oder Lack aufgebracht, um die Oberfläche gebrauchstüchtig zu gestalten. Danach wird eine zu der jeweiligen Farbgestaltung passende Struktur aufgebracht, z. B. durch Prägen oder Pressen der fertig beschichteten Holzwerkstoffplatte. Wird beispielsweise die Versiegelung der Platte als Overlay aufgebracht, werden profilierte Pressbleche eingesetzt, um Poren für ein Holzdekor zu erzeugen. Die nachträglich aufgebrachten Poren sollen mit der zuvor durch Farbe oder Dekorpapier erzeugten Gestaltung übereinstimmen.Wood-based panels are often provided with decorative surfaces, usually with the reproduction of natural materials, especially wood or stone surfaces. For most processes, the surface is first primed and painted, or decorative paper is applied. Then, a resin (e.g., an overlay) or varnish seal is applied to render the surface useful. Thereafter, a matching to the respective color design structure is applied, for. B. by embossing or pressing the finished coated wood-based panel. For example, if the seal of the plate is applied as an overlay, profiled press plates are used to create pores for a wood decor. The subsequently applied pores should match the previously created by color or decorative paper design.
Bei diesem Verfahren, das z. B. in der
Die
Die
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung Holzwerkstoffplatten mit einem Dekor bereitzustellen, bei dem Farbe und Profil der Oberfläche synchron sind. Es ist weiter Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen solcher Holzwerkstoffplatten bereitzustellen.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide wood-based panels with a decor in which the color and profile of the surface are synchronous. It is a further object of the invention to provide a method and an apparatus for producing such wood-based panels.
Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe wird gelöst mit einem Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, mit einer Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15 und mit einer Holzwerkstoffplatte nach Anspruch 21.The object underlying the invention is achieved with a method according to claim 1, with a device according to claim 15 and with a wood-based panel according to claim 21.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Dekors auf der Oberfläche einer Holzwerkstoffplatte bei dem Farbe und Profil der Oberfläche synchron sind sieht vor, dass die Holzwerkstoffplatte zwischen einer profilierten Dekorwalze und einer Gegendruckwalze hindurch geführt wird. Die Dekorwalze ist dabei auf eine Temperatur von mehr als 200 °C, bevorzugt bis zu 500 °C aufgeheizt. Zum Erzeugen von Verfärbung und Prägung wird entweder auf die Dekorwalze ein Druck von mindestens 10 bar bis maximal 300 bar ausgeübt oder es wird zwischen Dekorwalze und Gegendruckwalze ein Walzenspalt eingestellt, der bis 2 mm schmaler ist als die Stärke der zu prägenden Holzwerkstoffplatte. Es hat sich überraschend herausgestellt, dass sich unter den genannten Bedingungen bei beiden Alternativen ein exakt ausgebildetes Dekor in die Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte einprägen lässt. Das Holzwerkstoffmaterial verfärbt sich durch die hohen Temperaturen und den Druck, der auf die Oberfläche der Platte einwirkt, so dass gleichzeitig Struktur und Farbigkeit auf der Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte zu einem einheitlichen Dekor entstehen. (Im Zusammenhang mit dieser Erfindung werden das Zusammenwirken von Farbe und Struktur als "Dekor" bezeichnet.) Insbesondere können nach diesem Verfahren sehr naturgetreue Holzdekore erzeugt werden, da die Farbgebung der geprägten Holzwerkstoffoberfläche der Farbgebung von Holz exakt entspricht. Die Farbgebung stimmt zudem mit der Prägestruktur vollständig überein, weil die Verfärbung der Oberfläche des Holzwerkstoffs exakt die Färbung z.B. von Holz nachbildet. Erfindungsgemäß wird also auf der Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte ein farbiges Relief, ein Dekor erzeugt.The inventive method for producing a decoration on the surface of a wood-based panel in which the color and profile of the surface are synchronous provides that the wood-based panel is guided between a profiled decorating roll and a counterpressure roll. The decorative roller is heated to a temperature of more than 200 ° C, preferably up to 500 ° C. To produce discoloration and embossing, a pressure of at least 10 bar to a maximum of 300 bar is exerted on the decorating roller or a nip is set between the decorating roller and the counterpressure roller, which is narrower than the thickness of the wood-based material board to be embossed. It has surprisingly been found that can be imprinted under the conditions mentioned in both alternatives, a precisely trained decor in the surface of the wood-based panel. The wood-based material is discolored by the high temperatures and pressure that acts on the surface of the board, so that at the same time structure and color on the surface of the wood-based panel to a uniform decor. (In the context of this invention, the interaction of color and structure is referred to as "decor.") In particular, very natural wood decors can be produced by this method, since the color of the embossed wood material surface of the coloring of wood exactly matches. The color scheme is also completely consistent with the embossed structure, because the discoloration of the surface of the wood material exactly replicates the coloring of eg wood. According to the invention, therefore, a colored relief, a decoration is produced on the surface of the wood-based panel.
Wird die Prägung und Färbung der Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte über den Druck gesteuert, der auf die Dekorwalze ausgeübt wird, typischerweise über eine Pressenhydraulik, so wird der Druck in einem Bereich von 10 bar bis maximal 300 bar gewählt, in Abhängigkeit von der Arbeitstemperatur (zwischen 200 °C und 500 °C), vom gewünschten Dekor bzw. der Dekortiefe und vom jeweiligen Holzwerkstoffmaterial. Wird die Färbung und Prägung der Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte dadurch erzeugt, dass zwischen Dekorholz und Gegendruckwalze ein Walzenspalt eingestellt wird, der mindestens 0,1 mm, maximal 2 mm kleiner ist als die Stärke der zu prägenden Holzwerkstoffplatte, dann erfolgt die Einstellung des Walzenspalts ebenfalls in Abhängigkeit von der Arbeitstemperatur, von der Art, insbesondere der Prägetiefe des Dekors sowie dem Material der Holzwerkstoffplatte.If the embossing and coloring of the surface of the wood-based panel is controlled by the pressure exerted on the decorating roller, typically by means of a press hydraulics, the pressure is chosen within a range of 10 bar to a maximum of 300 bar, depending on the working temperature (between 200 ° C and 500 ° C), of the desired decor or decor depth and of the respective wood-based material. If the coloring and embossing of the surface of the wood-based panel is produced by setting a nip between the decorative wood and the counter-pressure roller that is at least 0.1 mm, and not more than 2 mm smaller than the thickness of the wood-based panel to be embossed, then the adjustment of the nip also takes place Dependence on the working temperature, on the type, in particular the embossing depth of the decoration and the material of the wood-based panel.
Es ist als besonderer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anzusehen, dass durch die beiden erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensalternativen auf der Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte ein Dekor erzeugt wird, dessen helle und dunkle Abschnitte identisch Holzstrukturen nachbilden. Dabei ermöglichen Holzwerkstoffplatten sehr vorteilhaft ohne zusätzlichen Farbeinsatz oder ein zusätzliches Einfärben der Oberfläche oder der Platte das Erzeugen der für zahlreiche Holzstrukturen typischen Farbskala von hellen Naturtönen über die gesamte Skala der Brauntöne bis hin zu fast schwarzen Farbgebungen.It is to be regarded as a particular advantage of the method according to the invention that a decoration is produced by the two process alternatives according to the invention on the surface of the wood-based panel whose light and dark sections simulate identical wood structures. Here, wood-based panels very advantageously allow without additional use of color or additional coloring of the surface or the plate generating the typical for numerous wood structures color scale of bright natural tones over the entire scale of browns to almost black colors.
Es ist in diesem Zusammenhang von Bedeutung, dass die Oberfläche der unbehandelten oder allenfalls gefärbten Holzwerkstoffplatte geprägt wird. Gerade der gewünschte Farbeffekt wird nur erreicht, wenn die beheizte Dekorwalze auf Holz und/oder Späne bzw. Fasern, auch Papierfasern, trifft. Erst nach der Prägung bzw. Dekorgebung kann dann eine Versiegelung aufgebracht werden. Wird -wie nach dem Stand der Technikdie Kunstharzschicht geprägt, werden die Vorteile der Erfindung nicht erreicht. Durch eine Kunstharzschicht hindurch können Farb- und Prägeeffekte nicht synchron erzeugt werden.It is important in this context that the surface of the untreated or possibly colored wood-based panel is embossed. Just the desired color effect is only achieved when the heated decor roller on wood and / or chips or fibers, including paper fibers, meets. Only after the embossing or decoration can then be applied a seal. As in the prior art Embossed resin layer, the advantages of the invention are not achieved. Through a synthetic resin layer color and embossing effects can not be generated synchronously.
Die Erfindung ermöglicht also, ein vollständiges Dekor, bei dem Farbgestaltung und Prägung abgeschlossen sind, in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang zu erreichen. Das ist zeit-und kostensparend. Als besonderer Vorteil ist aber herauszustellen, dass jederzeit ein synchrones Dekor gewährleistet ist. Die minimale Temperatur von 200 °C ergibt sich dadurch, dass bei Unterschreiten dieser Temperatur keine Farbeffekte erzeugt werden. Die maximale Temperatur von 500 °C ergibt sich dadurch, dass entweder der Energieaufwand nicht wirtschaftlich zu leisten ist, oder dass die Farbeffekte nicht mehr präzise zu steuern sind, z. B. weil es trotz der kurzen Einwirkzeit zu einer Zersetzung der Fasern kommt. Bei der Wahl der jeweils optimalen Verfahrenstemperatur ist zum einen zu berücksichtigen, welche Farbgebung und welche Prägung, insbesondere welche Prägetiefe das Dekor erfordert. Im weiteren sind Walzendruck oder Walzenspalt, das Holzwerkstoffmaterial und die Produktionsgeschwindigkeit mit der Verfahrenstemperatur abzugleichen. Die Temperatur nimmt insbesondere Einfluss auf Farbgebung und Plastifizierung.The invention thus makes it possible to achieve a complete decoration in which color design and embossing are completed in a single operation. That saves time and money. As a special advantage but it should be emphasized that at any time a synchronous decor is guaranteed. The minimum temperature of 200 ° C results from the fact that below this temperature no color effects are generated. The maximum temperature of 500 ° C results from the fact that either the energy consumption is not economically feasible, or that the color effects are no longer precisely controlled, z. B. because it comes despite the short exposure time to a decomposition of the fibers. When choosing the optimum process temperature, on the one hand, it has to be considered which color scheme and which embossing, in particular which embossing depth, the décor requires. Furthermore, the roller pressure or nip, the wood-based material and the production speed must be compared with the process temperature. The temperature in particular affects coloration and plasticization.
Je nach Komplexität des zu erzeugenden Dekors, Art der zu gestaltenden bzw. zu prägenden Oberfläche und/oder der gewünschten Produktionsgeschwindigkeit sowie der gewünschten Farbeffekte ist die Dekorwalze auf eine Temperatur von mindestens 200 °C, bevorzugt bis zu 300 °C, vorteilhaft bis zu 500 °C , insbesondere von bis zu 500 °C aufzuheizen. Mittels einer Heizvorrichtung lassen sich über die Temperatur der Dekorwalze insbesondere die vorstehend genannten Parameter auf einfache, schnelle und flexible Weise exakt einstellen.Depending on the complexity of the decoration to be produced, the nature of the surface to be shaped or embossed and / or the desired production speed and the desired color effects, the decorating roll is at a temperature of at least 200 ° C, preferably up to 300 ° C, advantageously up to 500 ° C, in particular to heat up to 500 ° C. By means of a heating device, in particular the abovementioned parameters can be precisely set in a simple, rapid and flexible manner via the temperature of the decorating roller.
Um ein konturenscharfes Dekor zu erzeugen, wird auf die Dekorwalze ein Druck von mindestens 10 bar ausgeübt. Der Druck wird bevorzugt durch eine übliche Pressenhydraulik aufgebaut. Er kann in der Regel stufenlos eingestellt werden. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann bevorzugt durchgeführt werden, wenn auch auf die Dekorwalze ein Druck von bis zu 30 bar, bevorzugt von bis zu 50 bar, vorteilhaft von bis zu 100 bar ausgeübt wird. Falls erforderlich, z. B. um eine besonders tiefe Prägung zu erreichen, kann der Druck gesteigert werden. Obergrenze ist in der Regel der Druck von 300 bar. Soll mit weiter erhöhtem Druck gearbeitet werden, sind besondere Maßnahmen mit besonderen Kosten erforderlich, um eine entsprechende Hydraulik bereitzustellen. Dies ist meist unwirtschaftlich.In order to create a contour sharp décor, a pressure of at least 10 bar is exerted on the decorative roller. The pressure is preferably built up by a conventional press hydraulics. It can usually be adjusted continuously. The process according to the invention can preferably be carried out if a pressure of up to 30 bar, preferably of up to 50 bar, advantageously of up to 100 bar, is also exerted on the decor roller. If necessary, z. B. to achieve a particularly deep character, the pressure can be increased. Upper limit is usually the pressure of 300 bar. If you want to work with further increased pressure, special measures with special costs are required to provide appropriate hydraulics. This is usually uneconomical.
Druck und Temperatur sind bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hoch, insbesondere die Temperatur liegt deutlich höher als bei bekannten Verfahren. Da jedoch mit Walzen in einem kontinuierlichen Verfahren gearbeitet wird, wirken sich der hohe Druck und die hohe Temperatur nicht schädlich auf die Holzwerkstoffplatte aus.Pressure and temperature are high in the inventive method, in particular the temperature is significantly higher than in known methods. However, since rolling is done in a continuous process, the high pressure and temperature do not have a detrimental effect on the wood-based panel.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist während des Prägens nicht nur die Dekorwalze sondern auch die Gegendruckwalze beheizt. Dies verhindert eine unerwünschte Verformung der Platte. Zudem kann damit auf gegenüberliegenden Oberflächen der Holzwerkstoffplatte eine Prägung erzeugt werden. Wenn dies gewünscht ist, können so in einem Arbeitsgang gegenüberliegende Oberflächen der Holzwerkstoffplatte mit gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Prägungen bzw. Dekoren versehen werden. Weitere Maßnahmen an der Vorrichtung zum Prägen sind in der Regel nicht erforderlich, allenfalls ist sicherzustellen, dass über beide Walzen gleichmäßig Druck auf die Oberfläche der Platte übertragen wird.According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention not only the decorative roller but also the counter-pressure roller is heated during embossing. This prevents unwanted deformation of the plate. In addition, it can thus be produced on opposite surfaces of the wood-based panel embossing. If desired, opposite surfaces of the wood-based panel can be provided with the same or different embossing or decors in a single operation. Further measures on the device for embossing are usually not required, at best, it must be ensured that pressure is uniformly transmitted to the surface of the plate via both rollers.
Es wird bevorzugt, wenn vor dem erfindungsgemäßen Prägen der Oberfläche einer Holzwerkstoffplatte die zu prägende Oberfläche erhitzt wird. Das Erhitzen kann - wie nachfolgend erläutert wird - direkt oder indirekt erfolgen. Damit lässt sich ein verbessertes Prägeprofil erreichen, vor allem aber kann dadurch die Produktionsgeschwindigkeit erhöht werden, denn Verformung und Verfärbung der Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte werden stark durch den Wärmeübergang und die Temperatur an der Kontaktfläche zwischen Dekorwalze und zu prägender Oberfläche bestimmt. Ein Erhitzen der Oberfläche auf 40 °C wirkt sich bereits vorteilhaft aus, vorteilhaft ist es, die zu prägende Oberfläche auf bis zu 100 °C, je nach Material der Platte und zu erzeugendem Dekor auch auf 150 °C oder 200 °C zu erhitzen. Das Erhitzen erfolgt z. B. mit Hochfrequenz-Heizvorrichtungen.It is preferred if, prior to embossing the surface of a wood-based panel according to the invention, the surface to be embossed is heated. The heating can be done directly or indirectly as explained below. Thus, an improved embossing profile can be achieved, but above all, the production speed can be increased because deformation and discoloration of the surface of the wood-based panel are greatly determined by the heat transfer and the temperature at the contact surface between decor roller and surface to be embossed. A heating of the surface to 40 ° C already has an advantageous effect, it is advantageous to heat the surface to be embossed to 150 ° C or 200 ° C up to 100 ° C, depending on the material of the plate and to be generated decor. The heating takes place z. B. with high frequency heaters.
Eine wesentliche größere Bandbreite an Oberflächendekoren kann nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt werden, wenn die zu prägende Oberfläche vor dem Prägen gefärbt wird. Insbesondere Stein- und Phantasiedekore können auf diese Weise in breitem Umfang und mit hoher Vielfalt hergestellt werden. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass das Färben der Oberfläche oder das Färben einer Platte insgesamt dem erfindungsgemäßen Prägen nicht entgegensteht, weil auch bei einer gefärbten Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffoberfläche der direkte Kontakt zur Faser gegeben ist, so dass die Verformung wie vorgesehen erfolgt. Dazu trägt auch bei, dass Farbstoffe -anders als z. B. Kunstharze- den Wärmeübergang nicht behindern. Einige Farbstoffe verändern zwar den Farbton bei den beim Prägen auftretenden, hohen Temperaturen. Dies kann aber bei der Entwicklung des Dekors berücksichtigt und auch vorteilhaft genutzt werden. Es ist ohne weiteres möglich, die zu prägende Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte mit Farbstoffen zu färben, deren Farbton sich in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur ändert. Möglich ist auch ein Nachfärben der Oberfläche der bereits geprägten Holzwerkstoffplatte, z.B. wenn zusätzliche Effekte erzeugt werden sollen, die sich allein mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren nicht erzielen lassen.A significantly wider range of surface designs can be achieved by the invention Process are prepared when the surface to be embossed is colored before embossing. In particular, stone and fantasy decors can be produced in this way on a large scale and with great diversity. It has been found that the dyeing of the surface or the dyeing of a plate does not altogether oppose the stamping according to the invention, because even with a colored surface of the wood-based material surface the direct contact with the fiber is given so that the deformation takes place as intended. This also contributes to the fact that dyes other than z. B. Kunstharze- the heat transfer does not hinder. Although some dyes change the hue at the occurring during embossing, high temperatures. However, this can be taken into account in the development of the decor and also be used to advantage. It is readily possible to color the surface of the wood-based panel to be embossed with dyes whose color changes as a function of the temperature. Also possible is a re-inking of the surface of the already embossed wood-based panel, for example, if additional effects are to be generated, which can not be achieved with the inventive method alone.
Auch ein Färben nach dem Anbringen des Dekors ist möglich. So kann ein Dekor nachträglich durch Aufbringen von Farbe gestaltet werden. Bspw. kann mit einem nach digitalen Vorgaben gesteuerten Tintenstrahldrucker das aufgebrachte Dekor ganz oder teilweise ergänzt oder geändert werden. Ein Tintenstrahldrucker ist hier deshalb geeignet, weil damit ggf. das gesamte Profil, auch bei einer Profiltiefe von z.B. 1 mm, bearbeitet werden kann. Alternativ, insbesondere wenn neue Teile des Dekors bearbeitet bzw. verändert werden sollen, können auch Walzen - oder andere Farbauftragsvorrichtungen eingesetzt werden.Dyeing after applying the decor is also possible. Thus, a decor can be designed later by applying color. For example. With an inkjet printer controlled to digital specifications, the applied decor can be wholly or partially supplemented or changed. An inkjet printer is suitable here because, if necessary, the entire profile, even at a profile depth of e.g. 1 mm, can be processed. Alternatively, especially when new parts of the decor are to be processed or changed, it is also possible to use rollers or other inking devices.
Die erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Holzwerkstoffplatte mit geprägter Oberfläche ist für die meisten Anwendungen noch nicht gebrauchsfertig. Sie wird daher nach einer bevorzugten Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit einer Beschichtung auf der geprägten Oberfläche versehen. Auf die erfindungsgemäß auf der HolzwerkstoffOberfläche angebrachte Prägung kann mit bekannten Mitteln eine Beschichtung, typischerweise ein Lack, aufgebracht werden, die die Gebrauchstüchtigkeit der Oberfläche sicherstellt. Die Oberflächenbeschichtung kann eine einfache Versiegelung sein, die ein einfaches Pflegen der Oberfläche ermöglicht. Es kann aber auch eine Beschichtung sein, die Additive wie z. B. Korund enthält, so dass die erfindungsgemäß geprägte Oberfläche begehbar wird und als Fußboden einsetzbar ist. Alternativ können nach dem Prägen auch Farben, Lacke oder Lasuren aufgebracht werden, um das Dekor zu vervollständigen. Ein- oder mehrschichtige Beschichtungen können je nach Bedarf aufgebracht werden.The wood-based panel produced according to the invention with embossed surface is not yet ready for use for most applications. It is therefore provided according to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention with a coating on the embossed surface. On the embossing applied on the wood-based material surface according to the invention, a coating, typically a lacquer, can be applied by known means, which ensures the serviceability of the surface. The surface coating can be a simple seal that allows easy maintenance of the surface. But it can also be a coating the additives such. B. contains corundum, so that the embossed surface according to the invention is accessible and can be used as a floor. Alternatively, after embossing, paints, varnishes or glazes can be applied to complete the décor. Single or multi-layer coatings can be applied as needed.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann für verschieden dimensionierte Holzwerkstoffplatten ausgelegt sein. Es können sowohl großformatige Holzwerkstoffplatten mit einer Oberflächenprägung versehen werden als auch kleinformatige Paneele, die bereits auf ihr endgültiges Format zugeschnitten sind. Werden großformatige Platten geprägt, bietet es sich an, auf der prägenden Oberfläche der Dekorwalze ein Mehrfaches des Dekors wiederzugeben. Beispielsweise können mindestens zwei, bevorzugt mehrere kleinere Dekoreinheiten neben- oder hintereinander auf die Oberfläche der Dekorwalze aufgebracht sein. Zwei Dekoreinheiten sind dann zweckmäßig räumlich voneinander getrennt, beispielsweise dadurch, dass auf der Oberfläche der Dekorwalze Vorsprünge angebracht sind, die sich in der zu prägenden Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte als Nuten abzeichnen.The inventive method can be designed for different sized wood-based panels. It can be both large-format wood-based panels are provided with a surface embossing as well as small-sized panels that are already tailored to their final format. If large-format plates are embossed, it makes sense to reproduce a multiple of the decoration on the embossing surface of the decor roller. For example, at least two, preferably a plurality of smaller decorative units can be applied next to or behind one another on the surface of the decorative roller. Two decorative units are then suitably spatially separated from each other, for example, characterized in that projections are mounted on the surface of the decorative roller, which emerge as grooves in the surface to be embossed wood material panel.
Nach einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Herstellen von Wand-, Boden- oder Deckenpaneelen wie nachfolgend geschildert ausgeführt: Die Paneele können entweder aus einer bereits vorab auf die Maße des Paneels aufgeteilten Holzwerkstoffplatte hergestellt werden, sie können ggf. auch bereits profilierte Kanten aufweisen, bspw. zum Verbinden einzelner Paneele. Alternativ können Holzwerkstoffplatten verwendet werden, die zunächst mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Dekor versehen werden und ggf. versiegelt werden, um erst anschließend in einzelne Paneele aufgeteilt zu werden. Als Holzwerkstoffplatten werden bevorzugt Holzfaserplatten (mitteldichte oder hochdichte Faserplatten) eingesetzt.According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the method according to the invention for the production of wall, floor or ceiling panels is carried out as described below: The panels can be made either from a previously distributed to the dimensions of the panel wood material panel, they may possibly already profiled edges have, for example, for connecting individual panels. Alternatively, wood-based panels can be used, which are first provided with the decoration of the invention and, if necessary, sealed, only to be subsequently divided into individual panels. Wood-based panels (medium-density or high-density fiberboard) are preferably used as wood-based panels.
Die Holzwerkstoffplatten weisen eine Oberseite und eine Unterseite auf, wobei die Oberseite wenigstens abschnittsweise mit einem Dekor, bevorzugt einem farbigen Dekor, und mit einer das Dekor wenigstens teilweise überlagernden Relief-Struktur versehen ist. Dort, wo sich Dekor und Relief-Struktur überlagern, sind sie synchron ausgebildet, typischerweise zum Erzeugen eines natürlich wirkenden Holzdekors. Dekor und Relief-Struktur sind mit einer Versiegelungsschicht überzogen, die die Holzwerkstoffplatte bzw. das Paneel gegen Abrieb und/oder Kratzer schützt.The wood-based panels have an upper side and a lower side, wherein the upper side is provided at least in sections with a decoration, preferably a colored decoration, and with a relief structure at least partially overlapping the decoration. Where the decor and relief structure are superimposed, they are synchronously formed, typically to produce a natural-looking wood decor. Decor and Relief structure are covered with a sealing layer, which protects the wood-based panel or the panel against abrasion and / or scratches.
Erfindungsgemäß werden Dekor und Relief-Struktur gleichzeitig in die Oberseite der Holzwerkstoffplatte eingebracht. Dazu wird die Holzwerkstoffplatte unter Wirkung von Wärme und Druck zwischen einer Dekorwalze, die auf mehr als 200 °C aufgeheizt ist und einer Gegendruckwalze hindurchgeführt. Die Dekorwalze prägt oder presst die Relief-Struktur in die Oberseite der Holzwerkstoffplatte ein, gleichzeitig verfärbt sich die Oberseite bzw. Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte, meist in bräunlichen, für Holzoberflächen natürlichen Tönen. Dabei verfärben sich die tiefer verformten Bereiche der Oberseite meist dunkler und die erhaben verbleibenden Bereiche der Oberseite zeigen helle Töne oder weniger stark abgedunkelte Töne. Der Übergang zwischen dunkleren und helleren Verfärbungen ist hierbei fließend. Die Verfärbung der Oberseite bzw. der Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte erfolgt vermutlich ebenfalls unter Einwirkung von Druck und Temperatur.According to the decor and relief structure are introduced simultaneously in the top of the wood-based panel. For this purpose, the wood-based panel is passed under the action of heat and pressure between a decorative roller, which is heated to more than 200 ° C and a counter-pressure roller. The decorative roller stamps or presses the relief structure into the upper side of the wood-based panel, at the same time discolouring the top or surface of the wood-based panel, usually in brownish, natural tones for wood surfaces. The deeper deformed areas of the upper side usually turn darker and the raised remaining areas of the upper side show light tones or less darkened tones. The transition between darker and lighter discolorations is fluid here. The discoloration of the upper side or the surface of the wood-based panel is probably also under the influence of pressure and temperature.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann auf einfache Weise mittels einer Vorrichtung umgesetzt werden, die wenigstens eine Dekorwalze mit einer reliefartig gestalteten Oberfläche und wenigstens eine der Dekorwalze gegenüber angeordnete Gegendruckwalze aufweist. Meist sind Dekor- und Gegendruckwalze übereinander angeordnet. Sie können aber auch nebeneinander angeordnet sein. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung weist Mittel zum Aufbringen von Druck mindestens auf die Dekorwalze, bevorzugt auf Dekorwalze und Gegendruckwalze auf. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist weiter mit Mitteln zum direkten und/oder indirekten Beheizen der Dekorwalze und/oder der Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte ausgestattet. Auf diese Weise kann die verfahrensgemäß erforderliche Temperatur von mindestens 200 °C auf der Oberfläche der Dekorwalze erreicht werden. Nach einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Prägen der Oberfläche von Holzwerkstoffplatten Mittel zum Einstellen des Walzenspalts, also des Abstands zwischen Dekor- und Gegendruckwalze auf.The inventive method can be implemented in a simple manner by means of a device having at least one decorative roller with a relief-like surface and at least one of the decorative roller opposite counter-pressure roller. Most decorative and counter-pressure roller are arranged one above the other. But they can also be arranged side by side. The device according to the invention has means for applying pressure at least to the decorating roller, preferably to the decorating roller and counterpressure roller. The device according to the invention is further equipped with means for direct and / or indirect heating of the decorative roller and / or the surface of the wood-based panel. In this way, the required temperature according to the method of at least 200 ° C can be achieved on the surface of the decorative roller. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the inventive device for embossing the surface of wood-based panels on means for adjusting the nip, so the distance between decorative and counter-pressure roller on.
Die Mittel zum Aufbringen von Druck auf die Dekorwalze (und ggf. auch auf die Gegendruckwalze) sind bevorzugt als hydraulische Mittel, z.B. als Pressenhydraulik ausgelegt. Die Mittel zum Einstellen des Walzenspalts können z.B. als handbetätigte oder motorisch betriebene Spindel ausgebildet sein.The means for applying pressure to the decor roller (and possibly also to the counter-pressure roller) are preferably designed as hydraulic means, for example as press hydraulics. The means for adjusting the nip may be formed, for example, as a manually operated or motor-operated spindle.
Bei einer alternativen Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist auch die Oberfläche der Gegendruckwalze beheizbar und profiliert, so dass auch die an der Gegendruckwalze vorbei geführte Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte mit einer Prägung versehen wird.In an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, the surface of the counter-pressure roller is heated and profiled, so that even the guided past the counter-pressure roller surface of the wood-based panel is provided with an embossing.
Als Mittel zum Beheizen können insbesondere Gasbrenner, aber auch Infrarot-Heizvorrichtungen, Hochfrequenz-Heizvorrichtungen und/oder Mittel zum induktiven Erwärmen der Oberfläche der Dekorwalze sowie ggf. der Gegendruckwalze vorgesehen sein. Es können aber auch elektrische Mittel zum Beheizen, z.B. in die Walze integrierte Elektroheizstäbe oder Heizungen mit einem Heizmedium vorgesehen sein. Als Heizmedium kann z.B. Öl eingesetzt werden, das Heizkanäle nahe der Oberfläche der zu beheizenden Walzen durchströmt.As a means for heating in particular gas burners, but also infrared heaters, high-frequency heaters and / or means for inductive heating of the surface of the decorating roller and possibly the counter-pressure roller may be provided. However, electrical means for heating, e.g. be provided in the roll integrated Elektroheizstäbe or heaters with a heating medium. As the heating medium, e.g. Oil are used, the heating channels flows near the surface of the rolls to be heated.
Um eine gleichmäßige, kontinuierliche Produktion zu gewährleisten, ist die Vorrichtung zum Prägen bevorzugt mit Mitteln zum Fördern der Holzwerkstoffplatte ausgestattet. Übliche Förderanlagen wie Förderbänder oder Rollengänge können eingesetzt werden.In order to ensure a uniform, continuous production, the embossing device is preferably equipped with means for conveying the wood-based material board. Conventional conveyor systems such as conveyor belts or roller conveyors can be used.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind Mittel zum Färben der zu prägenden Oberfläche vorgesehen. Besonders interessante Effekte können erzielt werden, wenn die Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte vor dem Prägen gefärbt wird. Aber auch nach dem Prägen können Mittel zum Färben vorgesehen sein, wie auch andere Mittel zum Beschichten der geprägten Holzwerkstoffoberfläche, beispielsweise Mittel zum Aufbringen von Lack oder Kunstharzen, Lasuren, Beizen oder von Dekorpapier. Es wird deutlich, dass die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit einfachen Mitteln eine flexible und variable Gestaltung der Oberflächen von Holzwerkstoffplatten durch Prägen ermöglicht.According to an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention means for dyeing the surface to be embossed are provided. Particularly interesting effects can be achieved if the surface of the wood-based panel is colored before embossing. But even after embossing means may be provided for dyeing, as well as other means for coating the embossed wood material surface, for example means for applying lacquer or synthetic resins, glazes, stains or decorative paper. It is clear that the device according to the invention enables by simple means a flexible and variable design of the surfaces of wood-based panels by embossing.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch eine Holzwerkstoffplatte, deren Oberfläche mindestens abschnittsweise nach dem Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1-14 geprägt bzw. dekoriert ist. Als Holzwerkstoffplatten im Sinne dieser Erfindung werden sämtliche plattenförmigen Holzerzeugnisse angesehen, insbesondere Faserplatten, Spanplatten und Massivholz. Zu diesen Platten zählen z. B. auch harte Faserplatten (HDF), mitteldichte Faserplatten (MDF), mineralisch gebundene Faserplatten, OSB-Platten, Furnierplatten und Sperrholz, aber auch mehrschichtige Platten, beispielsweise mit einem Kern aus Spänen und Deckschichten aus Fasern. Die erfindungsgemäß geprägten Platten können nach dem Prägen beschichtet worden sein, z. B. gefärbt, lasiert, lackiert oder versiegelt worden sein. Gegenstand der Erfindung sind insbesondere Paneele aus Holzwerkstoffplatten, deren Oberfläche mindestens abschnittsweise nach dem Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14 geprägt bzw. dekoriert ist. Als Paneele werden in diesem Zusammenhang verlegefertig konfektionierte Holzwerkstoffplatten bezeichnet, insbesondere solche, die nicht nur auf verlegefertige Abmessungen zugeschnitten sind sondern die auch profilierte Kanten aufweisen, die ein vereinfachtes Verlegen ermöglichen.The invention also provides a wood-based panel whose surface is at least partially embossed or decorated by the method according to at least one of claims 1-14. As wood-based panels within the meaning of this invention considered all plate-shaped wood products, especially fiberboard, chipboard and solid wood. These plates include z. As well as hard fiberboard (HDF), medium-density fiberboard (MDF), mineral-bonded fiberboard, OSB boards, veneer and plywood, but also multi-layered panels, for example, with a core of chips and layers of fibers. The inventively embossed plates may have been coated after embossing, z. B. dyed, glazed, painted or sealed. The invention relates in particular to panels of wood-based panels, the surface of which is embossed or decorated at least in sections according to the method of at least one of claims 1 to 14. As panels ready-made prefabricated wood-based panels are referred to in this context, especially those that are not only tailored to laying ready dimensions but also have profiled edges that allow for easier installation.
Details der Erfindung werden nachfolgend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung
- Fig. 2
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Oberfläche einer Dekorwalze
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of the device according to the invention
- Fig. 2
- an enlarged view of the surface of a decorative roller
Die Oberfläche 8 der Dekorwalze 4 ist im Betriebszustand auf 350 °C aufgeheizt. Zum Aufheizen wird ein Gasbrenner 14 eingesetzt, der die Oberfläche 8 unmittelbar bevor sie auf die Oberfläche 16 der HDF-Platte 12 auftrifft, auf 350 °C aufheizt. Die Oberfläche 8 der Dekorwalze 4 ist reliefartig gestaltet und gibt als Negativ ein Holzdekor wieder, das sich nach dem Prägen als Positiv auf der Oberfläche 16 der HDF-Platte 12 zeigen soll. Da die HDF-Platte 12 nach dem Prägen in mehrere einzelne Paneele zerlegt werden soll, weist die Oberfläche 8 der Dekorwalze 4 mehrere einzelne Paneel-Dekore nebeneinander auf, die durch Vorsprünge voneinander getrennt sind. Die HDF-Platte 12 ist also nach dem Prägen bereits auf ihrer Oberfläche 16 zur Aufteilung in mehrere einzelne Paneele vorbereitet, da Nuten die einzelnen Paneele voneinander abgrenzen.The
Das Prägen erfolgt, indem die HDF-Platte 12 in Richtung des Pfeils "A" durch hier nicht dargestellte Fördermittel bewegt wird. Die Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit beträgt zwischen 20 m/min und 40 m/min. Bevor die HDF-Platte 12 in den Durchlass zwischen der Dekorwalze 4 und der Gegendruckwalze 8 eintritt, wird die zu prägende Oberfläche 16 der HDF-Platte 12 durch einen Infrarot-Strahler 18 auf 160 °C erhitzt.The embossing is done by the
Im Durchlass zwischen den Walzen 4 und 6 wird die HDF-Platte 8 geringfügig komprimiert. Die aufgeheizte Oberfläche 16 der HDF-Platte 12 kommt dabei mit der aufgeheizten Oberfläche 8 der Dekorwalze 4 in Berührung und mit der Oberfläche 10 der Gegendruckwalze 6 in Kontakt und bewirken dort eine plastische Verformung der Oberfläche 16 der HDF-Platte 12 und gleichzeitig eine Verfärbung. Die im Grundton holzfarbene HDF-Platte verfärbt sich durch das Prägen stellenweise zu einem dunkleren Braunton, der für Holzmaserungen typisch ist. Zum Prägen eines Holzdekors ist also nichts weiter erforderlich als die Vorrichtung 2, da in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang Farbeffekte und Prägung synchron erzeugt werden. Hervorzuheben ist, dass bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Art der Prägung eine besonders individuelle Kantengestaltung der später aus der HDF-Platte 12 heraus zu trennenden Paneele erfolgen kann.In the passage between the
Bei den voreingestellten Reaktionsbedingungen (Walzenspalt 6 mm, Plattenstärke 7 mm, Oberflächentemperatur der Dekorwalze 350 °C) wird auf der Oberfläche der HDF-Platte eine maximale Dekortiefe von 1 mm erzeugt. Für alternative Prägungen stehen diese Parameter Walzenspalt, Plattenstärke und Oberflächentemperatur der Dekorwalze in der Weise in Beziehung zueinander, dass eine Prägung mit geringer Prägetiefe, z. B. 0,2 mm maximale Prägetiefe, mit einem gegenüber der Plattenstärke um 0,2 mm schmaleren Walzenspalt schon eine Oberflächentemperatur der Dekorwalze von 200 °C genügen kann, um das gewünschte Dekor, d.h. Farbe und Struktur, zu erzeugen. Für ein drittes Dekor mit einer Prägetiefe von 1,5 mm kann es erforderlich sein, bei einem Walzenspalt, der 1,5 mm schmaler ist als die Plattenstärke die Oberfläche der Dekorwalze auf eine Temperatur von 400 °C aufzuheizen, um die gewünschte Prägung zu erhalten. In der Praxis wird sich die erforderliche Temperatur, die u. a. auch vom Material der Platte abhängt, mit wenigen Versuchen ermitteln lassen.At the preset reaction conditions (nip 6 mm, plate thickness 7 mm, surface temperature of the decorative roller 350 ° C), a maximum depth of decortion of 1 mm is produced on the surface of the HDF board. For alternative embossing, these nip, plate thickness and surface temperature parameters of the decorating roller are related to each other such that embossing with a small embossing depth, e.g. B. 0.2 mm maximum embossing depth, with a comparison with the plate thickness by 0.2 mm narrower nip may already meet a surface temperature of the decorative roller of 200 ° C to produce the desired decor, ie color and structure. For a third decor with an embossing depth of 1.5 mm, it may be necessary, for a nip, which is 1.5 mm narrower than the plate thickness to heat the surface of the decorative roller to a temperature of 400 ° C to obtain the desired embossing. In practice, the required temperature, which depends inter alia on the material of the plate, can be determined with a few experiments.
Eine alternative Ausführung der Vorrichtung 2 zum Herstellen von Holzwerkstoffplatten mit geprägter Oberfläche, die nicht bildlich dargestellt ist, weist einen Walzenspalt auf, der der Stärke der zu prägenden Platte entspricht. Auf die Dekorwalze 4 der Vorrichtung 2 wird mittels einer Pressenhydraulik ein Druck von 35 bar ausgeübt. Der Druck wird auf die unter der Dekorwalze 4 befindliche HDF-Platte 12 übertragen. Der Druck, den die Pressenhydraulik auf die Dekorwalze 4 ausübt, kann in einem Bereich zwischen 10 bar und 300 bar stufenlos eingestellt werden, je nachdem, welches Dekor, welches Plattenmaterial und welche Vorschubgeschwindigkeit zu berücksichtigen sind.An alternative embodiment of the
Mit beiden Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 2 können verschiedenste plattenförmige Holzwerkstoffe dekoriert werden. Die Vorrichtung 2 kann in beiden Ausführungsformen sowohl dünne, beispielsweise 2 mm starke Platten als auch dicke, z.B. 40 mm bis 60 mm starke Platten bearbeiten. Sie bietet damit breite Anwendungsmöglichkeiten für unterschiedliche Holzwerkstoffplatten oder Paneele, so können beispielsweise sowohl dünne Dekorpaneele, aber auch Möbelteile, Fußbodenpaneele, Fensterbänke oder Arbeitsplatten mit den erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und einer der beiden Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung dekoriert werden können.With both embodiments of the
Anhand von
Nach dem Prägen wird die mit einem vollständigen, Farbeffekte und Prägung aufweisende HDF-Platte 12 entweder zunächst mit einer Versiegelung aus UV-Lack versehen und dann in Paneele aufgeteilt. Alternativ erfolgt zunächst die Aufteilung in einzelne Paneele und dann eine Oberflächenbeschichtung. Beispielsweise werden zwei Schichten UV-Lack aufgetragen, von denen die erste mit Korund versetzt ist. Auf diese Weise können Fußbodenpaneele mit guter Gebrauchstüchtigkeit hergestellt werden.After embossing, the
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP18156419.6A EP3357709A1 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2009-03-03 | Fiberboard having an embossed surface |
PL09003003T PL2098380T3 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2009-03-03 | Method and device for manufacturing a composite wood board |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102008012220A DE102008012220A1 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2008-03-03 | Method and device for producing a wood-based material board |
Related Child Applications (2)
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EP18156419.6A Division-Into EP3357709A1 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2009-03-03 | Fiberboard having an embossed surface |
EP18156419.6A Division EP3357709A1 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2009-03-03 | Fiberboard having an embossed surface |
Publications (3)
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EP2098380A2 true EP2098380A2 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
EP2098380A3 EP2098380A3 (en) | 2011-08-17 |
EP2098380B1 EP2098380B1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
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EP18156419.6A Pending EP3357709A1 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2009-03-03 | Fiberboard having an embossed surface |
EP09003003.2A Active EP2098380B1 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2009-03-03 | Method and device for manufacturing a composite wood board |
Family Applications Before (1)
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EP18156419.6A Pending EP3357709A1 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2009-03-03 | Fiberboard having an embossed surface |
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EP (2) | EP3357709A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008012220A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2694388T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2098380T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2098380T (en) |
TR (1) | TR201815696T4 (en) |
Cited By (6)
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EP2239395A2 (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-10-13 | HAMBERGER INDUSTRIEWERKE GmbH | Panel and method for its production |
WO2011110373A1 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2011-09-15 | Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og | Method and device for producing a board-shaped product having a surface comprising a decoration |
ITMI20101112A1 (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-19 | R S A S Di Tarpini Giuseppe & C B V | PROCESS TO BUILD COVERING MATERIALS FOR THE FURNITURE SECTOR TO REPRODUCE VISUALLY AN IMPROVED "WOOD EFFECT" |
EP2452829A1 (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2012-05-16 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method for attaching a finish to a wooden material board |
ITBO20110642A1 (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-11 | F O M Ind S R L | DEVICE FOR HOT MARKING OF PROFILES |
WO2023156087A1 (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2023-08-24 | Van Der Vlis Design Gmbh | Three-dimensionally structured decorative element |
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DE102013007532B4 (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2016-05-04 | ALPHAMATIC Maschinenbau GmbH | Apparatus and method for embossing a structure into a fiberboard |
DE102015100571A1 (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2016-07-21 | JELD-WEN Deutschland GmbH & Co.KG | Method for producing a door leaf with a structured surface |
PL3885155T3 (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2024-04-15 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method for refining a large format building panel |
EP3578382B1 (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2020-10-07 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method for refining a building panel |
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WO2011110373A1 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2011-09-15 | Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og | Method and device for producing a board-shaped product having a surface comprising a decoration |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2098380T3 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
EP2098380B1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
ES2694388T3 (en) | 2018-12-20 |
TR201815696T4 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
EP3357709A1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
PT2098380T (en) | 2018-11-20 |
EP2098380A3 (en) | 2011-08-17 |
DE102008012220A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
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