EP2096906A1 - Device for topping unlifted root crops - Google Patents

Device for topping unlifted root crops

Info

Publication number
EP2096906A1
EP2096906A1 EP06842126A EP06842126A EP2096906A1 EP 2096906 A1 EP2096906 A1 EP 2096906A1 EP 06842126 A EP06842126 A EP 06842126A EP 06842126 A EP06842126 A EP 06842126A EP 2096906 A1 EP2096906 A1 EP 2096906A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
belts
cylindrical body
belt
motor shaft
arrangements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06842126A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gilles-Alban Michaud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2096906A1 publication Critical patent/EP2096906A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D23/00—Topping machines
    • A01D23/02—Topping machines cutting the tops before being lifted
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D23/00—Topping machines
    • A01D23/02—Topping machines cutting the tops before being lifted
    • A01D2023/022—Rotatable cleaning devices, e.g. brushes, for removing the rests of vegetal material on the root-crops not yet harvested

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical sector of agricultural equipment and more particularly relates to a device for stripping buried products.
  • the invention finds an advantageous application for stripping beets, without excluding other buried products having leaves that it is necessary to remove before unearthing or simultaneously unearthing the product concerned.
  • chicory leaves delivered with roots have been found to be detrimental to the smooth operation of the coffee powder chicory industries and the inulin manufacturing industries.
  • the problem that the invention proposes to solve is to provide a device capable of ensuring, on the one hand, the digging of the product and, on the other hand, its stripping while solving the problem of the wear of the stripping tools resulting from an abrasion action of the soil, without destroying or damaging the head of the products to be dug up and stripping.
  • each stripping tool is constituted by an endless belt having arrangements capable of exerting a striking force at the top of the product to cause, concomitantly, the cutting of the sheets in combination with a limited angular displacement movement of the belt at the time of striking.
  • the arrangements capable of exerting the strike force are constituted by blades made integral, directly or in a manner reported, a part or of the entire belt.
  • each belt is mounted on a cylindrical body free rotation.
  • the cylindrical body has coupling arrangements cooperating with complementary arrangements of the belts capable of causing, under the striking force, a limited translational movement of the belt resulting from a displacement of said body so as to present, at the time of each strike, a new belt portion.
  • this rotation of the body makes it possible to move the wear zone of each belt and to renew therefore the zone of contact formed by the blades with the soil and the vegetables to be plucked.
  • the cylindrical body is mounted in a support bearing secured to the motor shaft.
  • At least one end of the cylindrical body is subject to a freewheel system to ensure its drive in one direction only and its locking in the other.
  • the cylindrical body receives several belts mounted in juxtaposition.
  • the motor shaft is equipped with several sets of support bearings receiving the belts being shifted or not along the length of said shaft.
  • the support bearings are arranged in pairs or otherwise and are aligned so that the belts are oriented substantially perpendicular to the drive axis of the motor shaft.
  • the belts are made of a semi-rigid material with limited elongation capacity under the effect of the centrifugal force resulting from the rotational drive of the motor shaft.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the driving motor shaft equipped with a plurality of support bearings for mounting according to the invention stripping tools in the form of belts;
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a stripping belt coupled to the cylindrical body;
  • - Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing another embodiment of the stripping belts;
  • FIG. 4 is a front view in section showing the principle of operation, as well as the principle of angular displacement of the cylinder (3) equipped with its freewheel;
  • - Figures 5 to 9 show the operating principle at the base of the device according to the invention.
  • the stripping device comprises a motor shaft (1) having, over part or all of its length, tools (O) able removing the leaves (F) from the buried product (P), such as beets, under the effect of rotating said shaft (1).
  • the shaft (1) can be coupled to the PTO of a tractor, either directly or through referral elements.
  • the entire shaft (1) can be mounted on a chassis equipped with rolling means on the ground to form a towed assembly. It does not exclude the fact that the shaft (1) can be part of an autonomous motorized assembly.
  • each tool (O) is constituted by at least one endless belt (2) having arrangements (2a) capable of exerting a striking force at the top of the product (P) to cause, concomitantly , cutting the leaves (F).
  • the unraveling and stripping of the products (P) are performed, as will be indicated in the following description, in combination with a limited angular displacement movement of the belts (2) at the time of striking.
  • the arrangements (2a) are formed by blades made integral, directly or in a reported manner, a part or the whole of the belt (2).
  • the blades (2a) are constituted by inserts sliding around the belt and positioned at the end of the belt by the effect of centrifugal force.
  • the blades (2a) are formed directly during the manufacture of said belt and regularly distributed over the entire length of the latter.
  • each belt (2) is coupled to a cylindrical body (3) mounted free to rotate.
  • the cylindrical body (3) receives several belts mounted in juxtaposition.
  • the cylindrical body (3) has coupling arrangements (3a) cooperating with complementary arrangements (2b) of the belts to cause, as will be indicated in the following description, the limited displacement of the belt under the striking effort.
  • the arrangements (3a) consist of a plurality of teeth arranged circularly and adapted to cooperate with the arrangements (2b) in the form of openings.
  • the cylindrical body (3) equipped with different belts (2), is mounted in a support bearing (4) secured to the motor shaft (1).
  • the motor shaft (1) is equipped with several sets of support bearings (4) receiving the belts (2) being shifted or not along the length of said shaft.
  • the support bearings (4) are arranged in pairs, by 3, by 4.
  • the belts are oriented substantially perpendicular to the axis (5) for driving the motor shaft by the effect of the centrifugal force.
  • At least one of the ends of the cylindrical body (3) is subjected to a freewheel system (6) that the support bearing (4) has to provide for driving the belts in a sense, and blocking them in the other.
  • the belts (2) are made of a semi-rigid material with limited elastic elongation capacity, under the effect of the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation drive of the motor shaft (1).
  • the translational movement of the belts (2) causes the rotation of the cylindrical body (3). This displacement results from:
  • the tensioned belts (2) are mounted in driving position with the cylindrical body (3) with an angular offset ( ⁇ ) to create a partial rotation of said body (3) and belts (2) at the moment of impact.
  • the freewheel (6) is also urged in rotation in the same way as the cylindrical body (3).
  • the freewheel (6) is in the free position at the time of striking and not in the locked position, thus allowing to freely drive the cylindrical body (1) under the offset effect ( ⁇ ).
  • the belts (2) When the belts (2) have cleared the product or the earth, under the effect of the rotation of the motor shaft (1), they will relax, so that their axis passes again by the axis of said shaft ( 1).
  • the cylindrical body (3) is urged in rotation to accompany the belts (2) in an angular movement and is locked in this position by their freewheel (6).
  • the belts resume their angular position by wrapping around the cylindrical body locked in rotation. It follows that each strike generates a displacement of the belts making it possible to move the wear zone of each belt and to automatically renew the contact surface on the soil and the vegetables to be plucked.
  • the free wheel (6) can be used in the opposite direction, so that the cylindrical body (3) is blocked under the effect of the angular offset ( ⁇ ). It is at the release of the striking force that the belts are positioned along the axis passing through that of the motor shaft, driving the cylindrical body (1) and the freewheel.
  • the two ends of the cylindrical body (3) can be equipped with a freewheel system mounted in opposition.
  • the belt meets again an obstacle, its axis x-x 'leaves y-y' of the shaft (1).
  • the efficiency of the result obtained limiting any risk of fouling may slow the rotation of the cylindrical body, under the effect of the combination of voltage and offset angular belts; the offset of the belts, at each strike movement, distributes the wear; the suppression of the shear effect caused by shocks; the effectiveness of the stripping operation obtained; - the quality of the result obtained; the mechanical simplicity allows the precise rotation of the belts without mechanization or motorization; easy adaptation to any type of existing or new machines.

Abstract

The device for topping unlifted root crops of the beet type comprises a drive shaft (1) which, over all or part of its length, has tools (O) capable of removing in particular the leaves under the effect of the rotational drive of said drive shaft. Each tool consists of at least one endless belt with arrangements (2a) capable of striking the tops of the crops in order, at the same time, to cut off the leaves in conjunction with a limited angular displacement of the belt or belts at the moment of striking.

Description

DISPOSITIF D'EFFEUILLAGE DE PRODUITS ENTERRES DEVICE FOR CLEANING OF ENTERRES PRODUCTS
L'invention se rattache au secteur technique du matériel agricole et concerne plus particulièrement un dispositif d'effeuillage des produits enterrés.The invention relates to the technical sector of agricultural equipment and more particularly relates to a device for stripping buried products.
L'invention trouve une application avantageuse pour l'effeuillage des betteraves, sans pour cela exclure d'autres produits enterrés présentant des feuilles qu'il est nécessaire d'enlever avant déterrement ou de manière simultanée au déterrement du produit concerné. C'est ainsi que l'on a pu constater que les feuilles de la chicorée livrées avec les racines nuisent au bon fonctionnement des industries de fabrication de la chicorée café en poudre et aux industries de fabrication de l'inuline.The invention finds an advantageous application for stripping beets, without excluding other buried products having leaves that it is necessary to remove before unearthing or simultaneously unearthing the product concerned. As a result, chicory leaves delivered with roots have been found to be detrimental to the smooth operation of the coffee powder chicory industries and the inulin manufacturing industries.
Différentes solutions techniques ont été proposées pour débarrasser les produits enterrés de leurs feuilles. C'est ainsi qu'une solution ressort de l'enseignement du brevet FR 2.787.965 qui divulgue un dispositif d'effeuillage comportant un axe entraîné en rotation au moyen par exemple de la prise de force d'un tracteur. L'axe reçoit des outils de coupe réglés à une certaine hauteur du sol afin de réaliser l'opération d'effeuillage en tant que telle. Dans cette forme de réalisation, les outils sont constitués par des battes formant une boucle dont l'extrémité libre est déformable afin de frapper, de façon amortie, le sommet des betteraves par exemple, pour couper les feuilles. Cette solution apporte des avantages importants par rapport aux solutions antérieurement connues.Various technical solutions have been proposed to rid the buried products of their leaves. Thus, a solution emerges from the teaching of patent FR 2,787,965 which discloses a stripping device comprising a rotatably driven shaft by means for example of the power take-off of a tractor. The axis receives cutting tools set at a certain height of the ground in order to perform the stripping operation as such. In this embodiment, the tools consist of bats forming a loop whose free end is deformable to hit, dampened, the top of the beets, for example, to cut the leaves. This solution provides significant advantages over previously known solutions.
Toutefois, le résultat obtenu n'est pas totalement satisfaisant étant donné que la conception des outils ne permet pas d'éliminer dans la totalité les feuilles des betteraves enterrées ou de tous autres végétaux. Notamment, il est apparu important de pouvoir déterrer le produit et simultanément l'effeuiller.However, the result obtained is not totally satisfactory since the design of the tools does not eliminate in all the leaves of the beetroot or any other vegetable. In particular, it appeared important to be able to dig up the product and simultaneously stripping.
A partir de cet état de la technique, notamment celui défini dans le brevet FR 2.787.965, le problème que se propose de résoudre l'invention est de réaliser un dispositif apte à assurer, d'une part, le déterrement du produit et, d'autre part, son effeuillage tout en réglant le problème de l'usure des outils d'effeuillage résultant d'une action d'abrasion du sol, sans pour autant détruire ou endommager la tête des produits à déterrer et à effeuiller.From this state of the art, in particular that defined in patent FR 2 787 965, the problem that the invention proposes to solve is to provide a device capable of ensuring, on the one hand, the digging of the product and, on the other hand, its stripping while solving the problem of the wear of the stripping tools resulting from an abrasion action of the soil, without destroying or damaging the head of the products to be dug up and stripping.
Pour résoudre ces différents problèmes, selon l'invention, chaque outil d'effeuillage est constitué par une courroie sans fin présentant des agencements aptes à exercer un effort de frappe au sommet du produit pour provoquer, d'une manière concomitante, la coupe des feuilles en combinaison avec un mouvement de déplacement angulaire limité de la courroie au moment de la frappe.To solve these various problems, according to the invention, each stripping tool is constituted by an endless belt having arrangements capable of exerting a striking force at the top of the product to cause, concomitantly, the cutting of the sheets in combination with a limited angular displacement movement of the belt at the time of striking.
Pour résoudre le problème posé d'obtenir une action simultanée de déterrement et d'effeuillage, les agencements aptes à exercer l'effort de frappe sont constitués par des pales rendues solidaires, directement ou d'une manière rapportée, d'une partie ou de la totalité de la courroie.To solve the problem of obtaining a simultaneous action of unearthing and stripping, the arrangements capable of exerting the strike force are constituted by blades made integral, directly or in a manner reported, a part or of the entire belt.
Pour résoudre le problème posé de dégager le sommet ou la tête du produit, d'enlever la terre et de supprimer par conséquent la totalité des feuilles, chaque courroie est montée sur un corps cylindrique libre en rotation. Pour résoudre le problème posé de répartir l'usure des outils, le corps cylindrique présente des agencements d'accouplement coopérant avec des agencements complémentaires des courroies aptes à provoquer, sous l'effort de frappe, un déplacement en translation limité de la courroie résultant d'un déplacement dudit corps de manière à présenter, au moment de chaque frappe, une nouvelle partie de courroie.To solve the problem posed to clear the top or the head of the product, to remove the earth and therefore remove all the sheets, each belt is mounted on a cylindrical body free rotation. To solve the problem of distributing the wear of the tools, the cylindrical body has coupling arrangements cooperating with complementary arrangements of the belts capable of causing, under the striking force, a limited translational movement of the belt resulting from a displacement of said body so as to present, at the time of each strike, a new belt portion.
Il en résulte que cette mise en rotation du corps permet de déplacer la zone d'usure de chaque courroie et de renouveler par conséquent la zone de contact constituée par les pales avec la terre et les légumes à effeuiller.As a result, this rotation of the body makes it possible to move the wear zone of each belt and to renew therefore the zone of contact formed by the blades with the soil and the vegetables to be plucked.
Le corps cylindrique est monté dans un palier support rendu solidaire de l'arbre moteur.The cylindrical body is mounted in a support bearing secured to the motor shaft.
Selon une autre caractéristique, compte tenu du problème posé à résoudre, l'une des extrémités au moins du corps cylindrique est assujettie à un système de roue libre pour assurer son entraînement dans un sens seulement et son blocage dans l'autre.According to another characteristic, given the problem to be solved, at least one end of the cylindrical body is subject to a freewheel system to ensure its drive in one direction only and its locking in the other.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques, le corps cylindrique reçoit plusieurs courroies montées en juxtaposition.According to other features, the cylindrical body receives several belts mounted in juxtaposition.
L'arbre moteur est équipé de plusieurs ensembles de paliers support recevant les courroies en étant décalés ou non sur la longueur dudit arbre.The motor shaft is equipped with several sets of support bearings receiving the belts being shifted or not along the length of said shaft.
Les paliers support sont disposés par paire ou autre et sont alignés pour que les courroies soient orientées sensiblement perpendiculairement à l'axe d'entraînement de l'arbre moteur. Avantageusement, pour résoudre le problème posé d'assurer une rotation partielle du corps cylindrique au moment de la frappe, les courroies sont réalisées dans un matériau semi-rigide avec capacité d'allongement limité sous l'effet de la force centrifuge résultant de l'entraînement en rotation de l'arbre moteur.The support bearings are arranged in pairs or otherwise and are aligned so that the belts are oriented substantially perpendicular to the drive axis of the motor shaft. Advantageously, to solve the problem posed of ensuring a partial rotation of the cylindrical body at the moment of striking, the belts are made of a semi-rigid material with limited elongation capacity under the effect of the centrifugal force resulting from the rotational drive of the motor shaft.
L'invention est exposée ci-après plus en détail à l'aide des figures des dessins annexés dans lesquels :The invention is described below in more detail with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective de l'arbre moteur d'entraînement équipé d'une pluralité de paliers support pour le montage selon l'invention des outils d'effeuillage sous forme de courroies ;- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the driving motor shaft equipped with a plurality of support bearings for mounting according to the invention stripping tools in the form of belts;
- la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'une forme de réalisation d'une courroie d'effeuillage accouplée au corps cylindrique ; - la figure 3 est une vue semblable à la figure 2 montrant une autre forme de réalisation des courroies d'effeuillage ;FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a stripping belt coupled to the cylindrical body; - Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing another embodiment of the stripping belts;
- la figure 4 est une vue de face et en coupe montrant le principe de fonctionnement, ainsi que le principe de décalage angulaire du cylindre (3) équipé de sa roue libre ; - les figures 5 à 9 montrent le principe de fonctionnement à la base du dispositif selon l'invention.- Figure 4 is a front view in section showing the principle of operation, as well as the principle of angular displacement of the cylinder (3) equipped with its freewheel; - Figures 5 to 9 show the operating principle at the base of the device according to the invention.
D'une manière connue et comme il ressort de l'enseignement du brevet FR 2.787.965, le dispositif d'effeuillage comprend un arbre moteur (1) présentant, sur une partie ou la totalité de sa longueur, des outils (O) aptes à enlever les feuilles (F) du produit enterré (P), tel que des betteraves, sous l'effet d'entraînement en rotation dudit arbre (1). Dans ce but, l'arbre (1) peut être accouplé à la prise de force d'un tracteur, soit directement, soit par l'intermédiaire d'éléments de renvoi. L'ensemble de l'arbre (1) peut être monté sur un châssis équipé de moyens de roulement au sol afin de constituer un ensemble tracté. On n'exclut pas le fait que l'arbre (1) puisse faire partie d'un ensemble motorisé autonome.In a known manner and as is clear from the teaching of FR 2,787,965, the stripping device comprises a motor shaft (1) having, over part or all of its length, tools (O) able removing the leaves (F) from the buried product (P), such as beets, under the effect of rotating said shaft (1). For this purpose, the shaft (1) can be coupled to the PTO of a tractor, either directly or through referral elements. The entire shaft (1) can be mounted on a chassis equipped with rolling means on the ground to form a towed assembly. It does not exclude the fact that the shaft (1) can be part of an autonomous motorized assembly.
Selon l'invention, chaque outil (O) est constitué par au moins une courroie sans fin (2) présentant des agencements (2a) aptes à exercer un effort de frappe au sommet du produit (P) pour provoquer, d'une manière concomitante, la coupe des feuilles (F). Le déterrement et l'effeuillage des produits (P) s'effectuent, comme il sera indiqué dans la suite de la description, en combinaison avec un mouvement de déplacement angulaire limité des courroies (2) au moment de la frappe.According to the invention, each tool (O) is constituted by at least one endless belt (2) having arrangements (2a) capable of exerting a striking force at the top of the product (P) to cause, concomitantly , cutting the leaves (F). The unraveling and stripping of the products (P) are performed, as will be indicated in the following description, in combination with a limited angular displacement movement of the belts (2) at the time of striking.
Les agencements (2a) sont constitués par des pales rendues solidaires, directement ou d'une manière rapportée, d'une partie ou de la totalité de la courroie (2).The arrangements (2a) are formed by blades made integral, directly or in a reported manner, a part or the whole of the belt (2).
A la figure 2, les pales (2a) sont constituées par des éléments rapportés glissant autour de la courroie et se positionnant à l'extrémité de la courroie par l'effet de la force centrifuge.In Figure 2, the blades (2a) are constituted by inserts sliding around the belt and positioned at the end of the belt by the effect of centrifugal force.
A la figure 3, les pales (2a) sont formées directement lors de la fabrication de ladite courroie et régulièrement réparties sur la totalité de la longueur de cette dernière.In Figure 3, the blades (2a) are formed directly during the manufacture of said belt and regularly distributed over the entire length of the latter.
Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, chaque courroie (2) est accouplée à un corps cylindrique (3) monté libre en rotation. Avantageusement, le corps cylindrique (3) reçoit plusieurs courroies montées en juxtaposition. En outre, le corps cylindrique (3) présente des agencements d'accouplement (3a) coopérant avec des agencements complémentaires (2b) des courroies afin de provoquer, comme il sera indiqué dans la suite de la description, le déplacement limité de la courroie sous l'effort de frappe. Par exemple, les agencements (3a) sont constitués par une pluralité de dents disposées circulairement et aptes à coopérer avec les agencements (2b) sous forme d'ouvertures.According to an important characteristic of the invention, each belt (2) is coupled to a cylindrical body (3) mounted free to rotate. Advantageously, the cylindrical body (3) receives several belts mounted in juxtaposition. In addition, the cylindrical body (3) has coupling arrangements (3a) cooperating with complementary arrangements (2b) of the belts to cause, as will be indicated in the following description, the limited displacement of the belt under the striking effort. For example, the arrangements (3a) consist of a plurality of teeth arranged circularly and adapted to cooperate with the arrangements (2b) in the form of openings.
Le corps cylindrique (3), équipé des différentes courroies (2), est monté dans un palier support (4) rendu solidaire de l'arbre moteur (1).The cylindrical body (3), equipped with different belts (2), is mounted in a support bearing (4) secured to the motor shaft (1).
Avantageusement, l'arbre moteur (1) est équipé de plusieurs ensembles de paliers support (4) recevant les courroies (2) en étant décalées ou non sur la longueur dudit arbre. De même, les paliers support (4) sont disposés par paire, par 3, par 4. Les courroies sont orientées sensiblement perpendiculaires à l'axe (5) d'entraînement de l'arbre moteur par l'effet de la force centrifuge.Advantageously, the motor shaft (1) is equipped with several sets of support bearings (4) receiving the belts (2) being shifted or not along the length of said shaft. Similarly, the support bearings (4) are arranged in pairs, by 3, by 4. The belts are oriented substantially perpendicular to the axis (5) for driving the motor shaft by the effect of the centrifugal force.
Selon une autre caractéristique importante de l'invention, l'une des extrémités au moins du corps cylindrique (3) est assujettie à un système de roue libre (6) que présente le palier support (4) pour permettre un entraînement des courroies dans un sens, et leur blocage dans l'autre.According to another important characteristic of the invention, at least one of the ends of the cylindrical body (3) is subjected to a freewheel system (6) that the support bearing (4) has to provide for driving the belts in a sense, and blocking them in the other.
On observe également que les courroies (2), quelle que soit leur forme de réalisation, sont réalisées dans un matériau semi-rigide avec capacité d'allongement élastique limitée, sous l'effet de la force centrifuge résultant de l'entraînement en rotation de l'arbre moteur (1). Selon la figure 4, le déplacement en translation des courroies (2), provoque la mise en rotation du corps cylindrique (3). Ce déplacement résulte de :It is also observed that the belts (2), whatever their embodiment, are made of a semi-rigid material with limited elastic elongation capacity, under the effect of the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation drive of the motor shaft (1). According to Figure 4, the translational movement of the belts (2) causes the rotation of the cylindrical body (3). This displacement results from:
- d'une part, de la force centrifuge provoquée par la rotation rapide de l'arbre moteur (1) supportant les différents paliers support (4), cette force centrifuge ayant pour effet de tendre les courroies (2) selon un axe passant sensiblement par le centre de l'arbre moteur ;on the one hand, the centrifugal force caused by the rapid rotation of the driving shaft (1) supporting the various support bearings (4), this centrifugal force having the effect of tensioning the belts (2) along an axis passing substantially by the center of the motor shaft;
- d'autre part, du choc ou de la frappe des courroies sur la tête des produits ou sur la terre, ce qui a pour effet de provoquer, pendant une fraction de seconde, le un décalage angulaire (α) des courroies, et par conséquent du corps cylindrique et de sa roue libre en position libre dans ce cas.- on the other hand, the impact or striking of the belts on the product heads or on the ground, which has the effect of causing, for a fraction of a second, an angular offset (α) of the belts, and by consequently the cylindrical body and its freewheel in free position in this case.
Les courroies tendues (2) sont montées en position d'entraînement avec le corps cylindrique (3) avec un décalage angulaire (α) pour créer une rotation partielle dudit corps (3) et des courroies (2) au moment du choc. La roue libre (6) est également sollicitée en rotation au même titre que le corps cylindrique (3).The tensioned belts (2) are mounted in driving position with the cylindrical body (3) with an angular offset (α) to create a partial rotation of said body (3) and belts (2) at the moment of impact. The freewheel (6) is also urged in rotation in the same way as the cylindrical body (3).
A noter qu'au moment du montage de l'ensemble, la roue libre (6) est en position libre au moment de la frappe et non pas en position bloquée, permettant ainsi d'entraîner librement le corps cylindrique (1) sous l'effet du décalage (α). Quand les courroies (2) auront dégagé le produit ou la terre, sous l'effet de la rotation de l'arbre moteur (1), elles vont se détendre, de sorte que leur axe passe à nouveau par l'axe dudit arbre (1). Le corps cylindrique (3) est sollicité en rotation pour accompagner les courroies (2) dans un mouvement angulaire et se trouve bloqué dans cette position par leur roue libre (6). Les courroies reprennent leur position angulaire en s 'enroulant autour du corps cylindrique bloqué en rotation. Il en résulte que chaque frappe génère un déplacement des courroies permettant de déplacer la zone d'usure de chaque courroie et de renouveler automatiquement la surface de contact sur la terre et les légumes à effeuiller.Note that at the time of assembly of the assembly, the freewheel (6) is in the free position at the time of striking and not in the locked position, thus allowing to freely drive the cylindrical body (1) under the offset effect (α). When the belts (2) have cleared the product or the earth, under the effect of the rotation of the motor shaft (1), they will relax, so that their axis passes again by the axis of said shaft ( 1). The cylindrical body (3) is urged in rotation to accompany the belts (2) in an angular movement and is locked in this position by their freewheel (6). The belts resume their angular position by wrapping around the cylindrical body locked in rotation. It follows that each strike generates a displacement of the belts making it possible to move the wear zone of each belt and to automatically renew the contact surface on the soil and the vegetables to be plucked.
Sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention, la roue libre (6) peut être utilisée en sens inverse, de sorte que le corps cylindrique (3) se trouve bloqué sous l'effet du décalage angulaire (α). C'est au relâchement de l'effort de frappe que les courroies se positionnent selon l'axe passant par celui de l'arbre moteur, entraînant le corps cylindrique (1) et la roue libre.Without departing from the scope of the invention, the free wheel (6) can be used in the opposite direction, so that the cylindrical body (3) is blocked under the effect of the angular offset (α). It is at the release of the striking force that the belts are positioned along the axis passing through that of the motor shaft, driving the cylindrical body (1) and the freewheel.
Enfin, dans une autre forme de réalisation, les deux extrémités du corps cylindrique (3) peuvent être équipées d'un système de roue libre montée en opposition.Finally, in another embodiment, the two ends of the cylindrical body (3) can be equipped with a freewheel system mounted in opposition.
On renvoie aux figures 5 à 9 qui montrent le principe de fonctionnement. Pour faciliter la compréhension du fonctionnement du mécanisme, on a représenté un seul ensemble constitué d'un corps cylindrique équipé d'une seule courroie. Cet ensemble est représenté en rotation (R) grâce à l'arbre (1).Referring to Figures 5 to 9 which show the principle of operation. To facilitate understanding of the operation of the mechanism, there is shown a single assembly consisting of a cylindrical body equipped with a single belt. This assembly is represented in rotation (R) thanks to the shaft (1).
A la figure 5, l'ensemble tourne mais ne rencontre pas d'obstacle. L'axe x-x ' des courroies se confond avec l'axe y-y' de l'arbre (1). Une seule dent (3a) du corps cylindrique (3) est représentée ainsi qu'une seule dent (2a) de la courroie (2). Ces deux dents (3a) et (2a) passent par l'axe x-x' ou sont parallèles.In Figure 5, the assembly rotates but does not encounter any obstacle. The x-x 'axis of the belts merges with the y-y axis of the shaft (1). A single tooth (3a) of the cylindrical body (3) is shown as well as a single tooth (2a) of the belt (2). These two teeth (3a) and (2a) pass through the axis x-x 'or are parallel.
A la figure 6, la courroie rencontre un obstacle et son axe x-x' quitte l'axe y-y' de l'arbre (1) formant un angle (αl) avec ce dernier. Dans cet exemple, on admettra que le corps cylindrique équipé de sa roue libre tourne librement au moment du choix. La dent (3a) se trouve décalée du même angle (αl). La courroie passe l'obstacle avec cet angle (αl).In Figure 6, the belt encounters an obstacle and its axis xx 'leaves the axis yy' of the shaft (1) forming an angle (αl) with the latter. In this For example, it will be assumed that the cylindrical body equipped with its freewheel turns freely at the moment of choice. The tooth (3a) is offset by the same angle (α1). The belt passes the obstacle with this angle (αl).
A la figure 7, après l'obstacle, la courroie reprend sa position initiale, comme à la figure 1. Les axes x-x' et y-y' se confondent à nouveau mais le corps cylindrique ne peut rejoindre sa position initiale. La dent (3a) reste décalée de l'angle (αl) par la roue libre bloquée dans ce sens. La dent de courroie (2a) se trouve par conséquent elle aussi décalée, une autre dent (en pointillé) aura pris sa place.In FIG. 7, after the obstacle, the belt returns to its initial position, as in FIG. 1. The x-x 'and y-y' axes merge again, but the cylindrical body can not return to its initial position. The tooth (3a) remains offset from the angle (α1) by the freewheel blocked in this direction. The tooth belt (2a) is therefore also shifted, another tooth (dotted) has taken its place.
A la figure 8, la courroie rencontre à nouveau un obstacle, son axe x- x' quitte y-y' de l'arbre (1). La dent (3a) se décalera à nouveau de la valeur de l'angle α2 = xl + α2, et ainsi de suite.In Figure 8, the belt meets again an obstacle, its axis x-x 'leaves y-y' of the shaft (1). The tooth (3a) will shift again by the value of the angle α2 = x1 + α2, and so on.
Les avantages ressortent bien de la description, en particulier on souligne et on rappelle : l'efficacité du résultat obtenu limitant tout risque d'encrassement susceptible de freiner la rotation du corps cylindrique, sous l'effet de la combinaison de la tension et du décalage angulaire des courroies ; le décalage des courroies, à chaque mouvement de frappe, permet de répartir l'usure ; la suppression de l'effet de cisaillement provoqué par les chocs ; l'efficacité de l'opération d'effeuillage obtenu ; - la qualité du résultat obtenu ; la simplicité mécanique permet la rotation précise des courroies sans mécanisation, ni motorisation ; l'adaptation facile sur tout type de machines existantes ou neuves. The advantages are apparent from the description, in particular it is emphasized and recalled: the efficiency of the result obtained limiting any risk of fouling may slow the rotation of the cylindrical body, under the effect of the combination of voltage and offset angular belts; the offset of the belts, at each strike movement, distributes the wear; the suppression of the shear effect caused by shocks; the effectiveness of the stripping operation obtained; - the quality of the result obtained; the mechanical simplicity allows the precise rotation of the belts without mechanization or motorization; easy adaptation to any type of existing or new machines.

Claims

R E V E N D I C A T I O N S R E V E N D I C A T IO N S
-1- Dispositif d'effeuillage de produits enterrés du type betteraves comprenant un arbre moteur (1) présentant, sur une partie ou la totalité de sa longueur, des outils (O) aptes à enlever notamment les feuilles sous l'effet de l'entraînement en rotation dudit arbre moteur, caractérisé en ce que chaque outil est constitué par au moins une courroie sans fin présentant des agencements (2a) aptes à exercer un effort de frappe au sommet du produit pour provoquer, d'une manière concomitante, la coupe des feuilles en combinaison avec un mouvement de déplacement angulaire limité de la ou des courroie(s) au moment de la frappe.-1-device for stripping buried products of the beetroot type comprising a motor shaft (1) having, over part or all of its length, tools (O) able to remove in particular the sheets under the effect of the rotational drive of said motor shaft, characterized in that each tool is constituted by at least one endless belt having arrangements (2a) capable of exerting a striking force at the top of the product to cause, concomitantly, the cutting sheets in combination with limited angular movement of the belt (s) at the moment of the striking.
-2- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les agencements aptes à exercer l'effort de frappe sont constitués par des pales (2a) rendues solidaires, directement ou d'une manière rapportée et libre.-2- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangements adapted to exert the strike force are constituted by blades (2a) made integral, directly or in a reported manner and free.
-3- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque courroie (2) est montée sur un corps cylindrique libre en rotation (3).-3- Device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that each belt (2) is mounted on a cylindrical body free in rotation (3).
-4- Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le corps cylindrique (3) présente des agencements d'accouplement (3a) coopérant avec des agencements complémentaires (2b) des courroies aptes à provoquer, sous l'effort de frappe, un déplacement en translation limité des courroies résultant d'un déplacement dudit corps de manière à présenter, au moment de chaque frappe, une nouvelle partie de courroie. -5- Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le corps cylindrique (3) est monté dans un palier support (4) rendu solidaire de l'arbre moteur (1).-4- Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cylindrical body (3) has coupling arrangements (3a) cooperating with complementary arrangements (2b) belts capable of causing, under the striking force, a limited translation displacement belts resulting from a displacement of said body so as to present, at the time of each strike, a new belt portion. -5- Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cylindrical body (3) is mounted in a support bearing (4) secured to the motor shaft (1).
-6- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'une des extrémités au moins du corps cylindrique est assujettie à un système de roue libre (6) pour assurer son entraînement dans un sens seulement et son blocage dans l'autre.-6- Device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that at least one end of the cylindrical body is subject to a freewheel system (6) to ensure its training in one direction only and its blocking in the other.
-7- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps cylindrique (3) reçoit plusieurs courroies (2) montées en juxtaposition.-7- Device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the cylindrical body (3) receives a plurality of belts (2) mounted in juxtaposition.
-8- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre moteur (1) est équipé de plusieurs ensembles de paliers support (4) recevant les courroies (2) en étant décalés ou non sur la longueur dudit arbre (1).-8- Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the drive shaft (1) is equipped with several sets of support bearings (4) receiving the belts (2) being shifted or not on the length of said shaft (1).
-9- Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les paliers support (4) sont disposés par paire, ou plus, et sont alignés pour que les courroies (2) soient orientées sensiblement perpendiculairement à l'axe d'entraînement de l'arbre moteur (1) sous l'effet de la force centrifuge.Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the support bearings (4) are arranged in pairs, or more, and are aligned so that the belts (2) are oriented substantially perpendicular to the drive axis of the vehicle. motor shaft (1) under the effect of centrifugal force.
-10- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les courroies (2) sont réalisées dans un matériau semi-rigide avec capacité d'allongement limité sous l'effet de la force centrifuge résultant de l'entraînement en rotation de l'arbre moteur. -10- Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the belts (2) are made of a semi-rigid material with limited elongation capacity under the effect of the centrifugal force resulting from the rotational drive of the motor shaft.
EP06842126A 2006-12-08 2006-12-08 Device for topping unlifted root crops Withdrawn EP2096906A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/FR2006/051315 WO2008068395A1 (en) 2006-12-08 2006-12-08 Device for topping unlifted root crops

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KR101993084B1 (en) * 2018-02-12 2019-06-25 전용욱 Vegetable harvester

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